CN1581565A - Cell management device - Google Patents
Cell management device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1581565A CN1581565A CNA2004100149544A CN200410014954A CN1581565A CN 1581565 A CN1581565 A CN 1581565A CN A2004100149544 A CNA2004100149544 A CN A2004100149544A CN 200410014954 A CN200410014954 A CN 200410014954A CN 1581565 A CN1581565 A CN 1581565A
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- battery
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000019300 CLIPPERS Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000021930 chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Single chip control plus Buck pressure reduction charging scheme is adopted in the invention. Charging management and discharging management share a main loop. Using resistance in low power carries out current sampling. Turn off delay time circuit includes current peak clipper circuit composed of comparators and RC charge ascertaining power tube realizes constant flow control of converter. Function of determining and controlling changing state of battery is executed by MCU. Organizer of battery includes main power circuit and control circuit. Main power circuit consists of two power field effect tubes, resistance, inductance, flywheel diode etc. The control circuit includes charging and discharging switching circuit, turn off delay time circuit for power tube, MCU control circuit and signal synthesis circuit etc. comparing with other scheme, the disclosed scheme possesses features of less power parts, low cost and high efficiency, applicable to portable consumer electronics.
Description
Technical field
Battery manager of the present invention relates to portable consumer electronic product field.
Background technology
Battery power supply system is one of important component part of portable consumer electronic product.Along with the development of portable consumer electronic product, also more and more higher to the requirement of useful life, fail safe and the cost of battery power supply system.In the portable consumer electronic product, battery power supply system generally all has special manager that discharging and recharging of battery managed, to reach safe, the efficient use of battery.
Quickly charging battery generally all adopts constant current charge, judges according to the voltage response of rechargeable battery whether battery is sufficient, thereby makes battery charging process safety, efficient.At present, the management method of employing roughly is divided into two kinds:
(1) adopts special-purpose linear Charge Management device to carry out constant current control, and charging process is monitored in real time.Because the pressure reduction of input voltage and cell voltage is consumed by the form of linear unit with heating in the charging process, this scheme efficient is not high.Simultaneously, owing to adopt dedicated devices, circuit cost is higher.
(2) adopt the reduction voltage circuit constant current charge.Adopt reduction voltage circuit that input voltage is transformed to suitable value again to battery charge.The available dedicated device is realized constant current control and charging termination control; Also can build control and realize constant current charge, adopt single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control charging process with resolution element.Because utilization switching mode power conversion technology, this scheme efficient is higher.
Because cost, using maximum now is that constant-current decompression type (Buck) converter adds single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control.Adopt more powerful resistance sampling during constant current control, pressure drop is big, and efficient is low, and can not go here and there in the discharge loop of battery.
The discharge of battery is generally managed by another passage, and the charging of battery is used different loops with discharge.
Owing to adopt the charging and two tunnel separating controlling of discharging in the practical at present battery management scheme, need to use two groups of power field effect pipes, cost still is higher.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide lower-cost battery manager scheme, it has realized the same loop works of charging and discharge, and the constant-current control circuit of converter is designed, to adapt to the co-ordination of managing with discharge.
Battery manager of the present invention has discharge management and Charge Management function, and its characteristics are that charge circuit comprises discharge loop, adopts one group of power field effect pipe switching controls that is linked by two drain electrodes to realize; Peak current limit circuit that the comparator that employing is imported by the small resistor sampling constitutes and resistance capacitance charging realize the constant current control of power tube turn off delay time circuit realization converter; Adopt single-chip microcomputer to carry out the management of charging process.The concrete composition of circuit comprises power main circuit and control circuit two parts, series inductance and resistance and battery constituted series circuit successively after the power main circuit was linked to each other by the drain electrode of two power field effect pipes, fly-wheel diode is connected in reverse parallel on the series circuit of battery and resistance, inductance, a low current charge circuit also in parallel on the series circuit of two power field effect pipes and inductance, resistance; Control circuit comprises that the output that discharges and recharges commutation circuit that links to each other with power supply is connected in current peak restricting circuits input and single chip machine controlling circuit input and discharge synchronous commutating control circuit input respectively; Power tube turn-offs the output of timing circuit and the input that current peak restricting circuits output is connected in signal integrated circuit separately, signal integrated circuit output and single chip machine controlling circuit output are connected in the drive circuit input separately, and the drive circuit output links to each other with first power field effect pipe separately with discharge circuit of synchronous rectification output; The discharge cutoff control circuit is connected in second power field effect pipe.
This battery manager circuit, can be gone here and there in discharge loop so current sampling signal can be very little owing to adopted comparator in the current peak restricting circuits.The process of first power tube control charging, second power tube is in the synchronous rectification state during charging; Second power tube control discharge, charging signals is low during discharge, first power tube is operated in the synchronous rectification state.
With Single-chip Controlling first power tube drive circuit to enable be the may command charging process.
The utility model scheme saved cost, and current sampling resistor power is little owing to only use one group of power device, and charge efficiency is improved.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1, circuit block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2, physical circuit schematic diagram of the present invention
Designation among Fig. 2: U1 is the 78L05 voltage-stabilizing device, and U2 is a single-chip microcomputer, and M1 is one group of power field effect pipe MOSFET, and N is adjustable shunt regulator TL431, and U3A is comparator LM393, and IN is the input and output plug, and Q1~Q8 is a transistor.
Specific implementation method
As shown in Figure 1, circuit of the present invention mainly by the power main circuit, discharge and recharge control switching circuit, current peak restricting circuits, power tube and turn-off timing circuit, signal synthesis, the first power tube T1 drive circuit, single-chip microprocessor MCU control, discharge synchronous rectification, discharge cutoff control circuit and low current charge loop.
Discharge and recharge commutation circuit and mainly finish the switching of battery charge and discharge two states, when being in charged state, give power supplies such as current peak restricting circuits and MCU control circuit, promptly enable charge control module; When being in discharge condition, cutting off the power supply of current peak restricting circuits and MCU control circuit etc., thereby reduce the discharging current that passes through the manager circuit when battery is shelved.Discharge and recharge commutation circuit and be made up of the resistance R among Fig. 21, R2, adjustable shunt regulator N, resistance R 3, R4, R5, transistor Q1, voltage-stabilizing device U1 etc., resistance R 1 and R2 dividing potential drop threshold values are between input voltage and cell voltage.Be located at about 8.7V, when input voltage is higher than 8.7V, resistance R 1, the partial pressure value of R2 is higher than 2.5V, and the 2 pin output of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 is low, transistor Q1 conducting, voltage-stabilizing device U1 (78L05) exports 5V, thus charge control system work.When input is lower than 8.7V, resistance R 1, the R2 partial pressure value is lower than 2.5V, high resistant between 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 and 3 pin, transistor Q1 turn-offs, and voltage-stabilizing device U1 (78L05) is current sinking not.Discharging and recharging Boolean logic is thus provided by 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431, highly is discharge, lowly is charging.
The current peak restricting circuits is finished the peak-limitation function of electric current, rupturing duty pipe when electric current meets or exceeds set point.After power tube turn-offed timing circuit maintenance power tube shutoff certain hour, power tube was open-minded again.Current peak restricting circuits and power tube turn-off the controlled function that timing circuit is finished charging current.As Fig. 2, the constant current control principle of Buck converter when the present invention charges: when power field effect pipe T1 opens, electric current rises, and resistance R 8 is used for current detecting, and resistance R 34 and resistance R 33 dividing potential drops are set current peak, when resistance R 8=0.1 Ω, partial pressure value is made as about 0.14V, and when resistance R 8 two terminal voltages reached the threshold values of setting, comparator output was low, power field effect pipe T1 turn-offs, and electric current descends; Power field effect pipe T1 closes and has no progeny inductance L 1 electric current from sustained diode 1 afterflow, capacitor C 5 chargings simultaneously, charging current flows through resistance R 11 and resistance R 11 voltages surpass 0.7V, transistor Q6 conducting, make power field effect pipe T1 keep shutoff, capacitor C 5 chargings finish behind the certain hour, and electric current drops to certain value, and power field effect pipe T1 is open-minded again.Use suitable inductance, switching tube is operated in about 30kHz.Thereby electric current is limited within limits, reach the purpose of constant current substantially.
Signal integrated circuit is made up of transistor Q5, Q6, resistance R 23, R25, R26, R27 and resistance R 11 etc.When comparator U3A output was low, transistor Q5 exported high, after transistor Q6 is anti-phase, is low logic.When voltage descended, comparator U3A exported high, and transistor Q5 is high-impedance state, the pressure drop that capacitor C 5 charging currents form is depended in the conducting of transistor Q6 on resistance R 11, capacitor C 5 chargings, resistance R 27, R11 dividing potential drop make transistor Q6 conducting, and low logic is kept in output.
The totem structure that the first power tube T1 drive circuit adopts transistor Q7, Q8 to form strengthens driving force, and accelerating power field effect transistor T1 turns on and off.When being in discharge condition, drive circuit presents high-impedance state, and power field effect pipe T1 control end depends on the bleeder circuit that resistance R 18 and resistance R 19 are formed.
The MCU control section promptly adopts the charging process of single-chip microcomputer U2 monitoring battery, and (Rule of judgment that is full of electricity is formulated according to the characteristic of battery) cuts off the power supply of the first power tube T1 drive circuit when battery is full of electricity, stop charging, and the indication charging process finishes.The single-chip microcomputer input signal has charging current, cell voltage and battery temperature.Current sampling circuit is made up of resistance R 8, R9, R24 and capacitor C 2, and resistance R 9, R24 and capacitor C 2 play the ripple filtering.The voltage sample loop is made up of resistance R 6, R7 and resistance C3.Temperature sampling is made up of resistance R 10 and negative temperature coefficient temperature sensor NTC.Single-chip microprocessor MCU output control partly is made up of transistor Q3, Q4, resistance R 28, R29 and resistance R 30 etc.When allowing charging, single-chip microprocessor MCU output is high, and transistor Q4 conducting output is high, and the first power tube T1 drive circuit enables; When stopping to charge, single-chip microprocessor MCU output is low, and transistor Q4 ends, and forbids the first power tube T1 drive circuit.The program of single-chip microcomputer can be according to the charging characteristic curve and the user demand customization of battery.
The discharge cutoff control circuit is made up of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, resistance R 15, R16, R17, R20 and transistor Q2.When output was lower than discharge by set point, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 blocked, and transistor Q2 ends, and second power tube T2 control is very low, and the second power tube T2 turn-offs, and cut off the battery output.When output end voltage is higher than set point, transistor Q2 conducting, the second power tube T2 conducting.
The discharge circuit of synchronous rectification is made of resistance R 18 and resistance R 19.Take from the signal (2 pin of TL431) that discharges and recharges commutation circuit and after resistance R 18 and resistance R 19 dividing potential drops, be added to the first power tube T1 control end.When being in discharge condition, the output of 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 is high, and the totem high resistant is a high level after resistance R 18, the R19 dividing potential drop, and the first power tube T1 is in the synchronous rectification state.During charged state, resistance R 18 is arranged between adjustable shunt regulator TL431 and the totem, do not influence totem output.
The low current charge loop is used for long-term activated batteries when under-voltage of battery.Form by resistance R 21 and diode D3.
The co-ordination principle of circuit when charging of the present invention and discharge operating mode:
As Fig. 2, when input voltage is 9.4V, the 2 pin output low levels of adjustable shunt regulator TL431, transistor Q1 conducting, the 5V power work, promptly be in charged state, the output of single-chip microcomputer 7 pin is high, the first power tube T1 drive circuit (the totem structure that transistor Q7, Q8 form) work.The current peak restricting circuits that is made of comparator LM393 etc. and realize the constant-current decompression control of power circuit by the power tube turn off delay time circuit that capacitor C 5 and resistance R 27 are formed, its signal are mutually or offer the totem drive circuit again after transistor Q6 NOT logic.The first power tube T1 is in the copped wave state, the charging of control battery.At this moment, input voltage is higher than discharge cut-off voltage, and the second power tube T2 is in the synchronous rectification state.
As Fig. 2, during battery discharge, 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 are high level, and the 5V power supply is not worked, and the GS both end voltage of the first power tube T1 is provided by divider resistance R18, R19, and the first power tube T1 is in the synchronous rectification state.Ending of second power tube T2 management and control system discharge.
The parameter of entire circuit can be adjusted according to the actual requirements.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of battery manager is characterized in that comprising discharge loop in the charge circuit, adopts one group of power field effect pipe that is linked by two drain electrodes (MOSFET) switching controls to realize; Peak current limit circuit that the comparator that employing is imported by the small resistor sampling constitutes and resistance, electric capacity (RC) charging realize the constant current control of power tube turn off delay time circuit realization converter; Adopt single-chip microcomputer (MCU) to carry out the management of charging process, its circuit is formed and is comprised power main circuit and control circuit, series inductance and resistance and battery constituted series circuit successively after the power main circuit was linked to each other by the drain electrode of two power field effect pipes, fly-wheel diode is connected in reverse parallel on the series circuit of battery and resistance, inductance, a low current charge circuit also in parallel on the series circuit of two power field effect pipes and inductance, resistance; Control circuit comprises that the output that discharges and recharges commutation circuit that links to each other with power supply is connected in current peak restricting circuits input and single chip machine controlling circuit input and discharge synchronous commutating control circuit input respectively; Power tube turn-offs the output of timing circuit and the input that current peak restricting circuits output is connected in signal integrated circuit separately, signal integrated circuit output and single chip machine controlling circuit output are connected in the drive circuit input separately, and the drive circuit output links to each other with first power field effect pipe separately with discharge circuit of synchronous rectification output; The discharge cutoff control circuit is connected in second power field effect pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNB2004100149544A CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNB2004100149544A CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
Publications (2)
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CN1581565A true CN1581565A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
CN1307509C CN1307509C (en) | 2007-03-28 |
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CNB2004100149544A Expired - Fee Related CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101685895B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2012-01-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Battery charging method and device |
CN102412611A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-04-11 | 西安启芯微电子有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit applied to linear charger |
CN102437599A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-02 | 上海交通大学 | New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle |
CN102801383A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-11-28 | 伟肯(苏州)电气传动有限公司 | Alternating current motor driving device with charging function and charging method thereof |
CN103532212A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 衡阳加一电子科技有限公司 | Charging management circuit and movable power supply |
CN104218649A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南森泰节能科技有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging device and management circuit |
CN106655443A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 北京汇能精电科技股份有限公司 | Charging and discharging controller and photovoltaic charging and discharging system |
CN114825511A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-29 | 广州先觉电子信息股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge balancing device with new energy automobile battery pack monitoring system |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5230074A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1993-07-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Battery operated computer power management system |
US5925942A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-07-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Power supply control apparatus and method suitable for use in an electronic device |
US6031302A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2000-02-29 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Battery management system with current measurement across on-resistance of semiconductor cutout switch |
JP2001024296A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-26 | Kyocera Corp | Ceramic circuit board |
JP3860484B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2006-12-20 | 株式会社東芝 | Power management device |
CN2702364Y (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric battery supervisor |
-
2004
- 2004-05-20 CN CNB2004100149544A patent/CN1307509C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101685895B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2012-01-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Battery charging method and device |
CN102437599A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-02 | 上海交通大学 | New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle |
CN102412611A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-04-11 | 西安启芯微电子有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit applied to linear charger |
CN102412611B (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-12 | 西安启芯微电子有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit applied to linear charger |
CN102801383A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-11-28 | 伟肯(苏州)电气传动有限公司 | Alternating current motor driving device with charging function and charging method thereof |
CN102801383B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-06-17 | 伟肯(中国)电气传动有限公司 | Alternating current motor driving device with charging function and charging method thereof |
CN103532212A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 衡阳加一电子科技有限公司 | Charging management circuit and movable power supply |
CN103532212B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-04-13 | 加一联创电子科技有限公司 | A kind of charge management circuit and portable power source |
CN104218649A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南森泰节能科技有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging device and management circuit |
CN106655443A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 北京汇能精电科技股份有限公司 | Charging and discharging controller and photovoltaic charging and discharging system |
CN114825511A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-29 | 广州先觉电子信息股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge balancing device with new energy automobile battery pack monitoring system |
CN114825511B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-01-31 | 广州先觉电子信息股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge balancing device with new energy automobile battery pack monitoring system |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1307509C (en) | 2007-03-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20070328 Termination date: 20110520 |