CN1570024A - Heat transfer room type heat recovery coke-oven - Google Patents

Heat transfer room type heat recovery coke-oven Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1570024A
CN1570024A CN 200410034978 CN200410034978A CN1570024A CN 1570024 A CN1570024 A CN 1570024A CN 200410034978 CN200410034978 CN 200410034978 CN 200410034978 A CN200410034978 A CN 200410034978A CN 1570024 A CN1570024 A CN 1570024A
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heat
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coking
flue
coal
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CN1242024C (en
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程相魁
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel cell-type coking furnace, wherein the coal is subjected to destructive distillation in charring chamber, most of the obtained coal gas enters horizontal gas channel, and is divided to adjacent blast chambers through the coal gas distribution hole, the rest is distributed to each blast chamber. The dedusted thermal waste gas can be used by exhaust-heat boiler to produce steam power generation.

Description

Heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of novel chamber type coke furnace, belongs to coal high temperature carbonization coking device.
Background technology
The conventional pit kiln of mechanize is through the development in century more than one, and its furnace binding is mainly the pattern that satisfies numerous and jumbled change product recovery technical process and be tending towards " having the coking furnace shaft of regenerator structure ".At present, become local heavy polluter at a lot of local coking industries.At first, this furnace binding can produce a large amount of BaP, SO when coalingging 2, H 2S, NO X, atmospheric polluting material such as TSP, these pollutents must be collected improvement, present improvement method mainly is to adopt that high pressure aqua ammonia (or steam) sprays, join washing on the coal charger and purify technology such as association system; Progressively maximize and high efficiency owing to petrochemical complex industry in addition, the production cost of Chemicals reduces significantly, and quality is improving constantly, a large amount of coking chemical products is replaced by high-quality and cheap petrochemicals, causes the market competitiveness of the by-product Chemicals of coking day by day to fail; The tradition coking type of furnace reclaims necessary coal gas subzero treatment technology owing to change product, processing wastewater becomes the topmost source of pollution of coal chemical enterprise, at first will be recycled ammoniacal liquor from about 800 ℃ hot raw gas of the dried distilled of coking chamber is cooled to about 85 ℃, then further be cooled to below 30 ℃ again, this technological process has not only been wasted a large amount of heats, and (when going into stove coal moisture content is 10%, and chemical combination moisture content is 2%, and gas yield is 300Nm can to produce a large amount of remained ammonias 3During/t dry coal, every generation 1Nm 3Can the have an appointment water of 444.44g of coal gas enters coal gas system, promptly become remained ammonia after being cooled, carry objectionable impuritiess such as a large amount of phenol, cyanogen in these water), these remained ammonias need pass through a series of control techniquess such as ammonia still process, biochemical treatment, could multiplexing and discharging.The a whole set of remained ammonia treatment unit in coke-oven plant of producing 400000 tons of coke per year need be invested more than 2,400 ten thousand yuan, the burnt investment of ton is up to 60 yuan, the working cost ton is burnt more than 10 yuan, and huge like this environmental protection investments expense and production cost greatly reduce the economic benefit of coal chemical enterprise.These processing wastewaters are through after the biochemical treatment, still contain objectionable impuritiess such as a certain amount of phenol, cyanogen, its concentration is difficult to reach environmental emission standard, even qualified discharge, also can only saying so, it has reached various countries under the situation of having no way out, by the discharging minimum standard of present technology establishment, and not talkative its pollutent has reached the effect of ecotope not being had harm.This part processing wastewater effluxing in a large number year in year out, severe contamination the surface water and the underground water of the human life of relying, directly have influence on the environmental protection resource of human survival.To change the product recovery system need a whole set of numerous and jumbled facility in addition, and everything all is to be cost with the financial resource of sacrificing a large amount of preciousnesses, land resources, electric power resource, manpower and water resources.The regenerator furnace binding of conventional coke making process is gone into stove air and temperature of gas though improved on heat energy utilization in addition, has reduced the consumption that adds heating gas, has certain inherent defect again in other angles.A large amount of high checker brick and the complicated commutation facility of price in the body of heater at first not only improved investment but also complicated operating process; Conventional pit kiln is alternately heating simultaneously, be that upstream is heating period, downdraft is a cooldown period, and every commutation in about 30 minutes once, quirk can descend more than 80 ℃ in the temperature of cooling stage, integral combustion chamber medial temperature and actual coking temperature differ more than 40 ℃, thereby caused rate of heating slow, and increased carbonization time, be unfavorable for quick coking, reduce the production efficiency of coke oven relatively, also reduced the proportioning of weakly caking coal; In addition, because the air preheating temperature height causes combustionvelocity fast, the NO in the waste gas XContent increases greatly.Tradition heat accumulating type coke oven is had difficulty in taking a step in face of the doulbe-sides' victory of environmental protection and economy benefit, and its investment drawback big, that pollution is heavy, production cost is high becomes clear day by day and is difficult to and overcomes.The U.S. has just proposed to do non-recovery coke oven as far back as the seventies of twentieth century, and Germany proposes the 21 century coal chemical enterprise again in succession in the eighties and only produces two kinds of product-coke and coal gas craft thinking.The way of developed country is worth our thinking.The coking scientific research field emerges the coking type of furnace that a collection of nothing reclaims very soon, but the improvement coke oven category that belongs to is only done development slightly on the basis of honeycomb fashion coke oven, downward flame coke oven, do not establish air preheater.
Still there is certain defective in these coke ovens.The internal heat type non-recovery coke oven is because its coking chamber and combustion chamber are not separated, and latter stage is supplied destructive distillation institute heat requirement with the spontaneous combustion of coking coal in coking, and coal consumption has increased more than 5%, thereby coking rate is low, ash is high; That occurred in history and now producing downward flame coke oven, though coking chamber is what to separate with the combustion chamber, but still exist and to add heating gas and can not rationally effectively distribute the requirement in each stage of coking process, coking gas excess in early stage, insufficient technical matters difficult point of later stage appear, usually the mode that solves also can only be to take the mode of coking later stage by the coke spontaneous combustion, satisfy destructive distillation institute heat requirement, and the prolongation coking time (reaches 48~80h).These non-recovery coke ovens are not owing to there are corresponding preheating of air means, can not be with the low coal-blending coking of fugitive constituent, otherwise the insufficient problem of coal gas can appear, not only limited to the coking coal source, and the spontaneous combustion that still can not solve coke, prolong coking time, caused shortcomings such as production efficiency is low, coal resource waste.Though the heat exchange type coke oven that Germany Didier-Werke AG builds in Prose pendant coke-oven plant has adopted heat-exchanger rig, its material that adopts is a specialty metal, not only invests highly, and the life-span is short, and its popularization has been subjected to very big restriction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is effective preheating of a kind of properly distributed by coal gas of design, air; realize not having and reclaim pit kiln under the prerequisite that guarantees coke quality, have the novel coking type of furnace of characteristics such as the coal adaptation is wide, production efficiency is high, investment is low, energy consumption is low, production cost is low, environment protection is good.This invention is to be purpose with the cleaning production that realizes coal chemical enterprise, and to pollute with source control be principle of design, there are not processing wastewater, the smoke contamination when not coalingging, realize two kinds of products of coal chemical enterprise production---the technical process of coke and electricity, effectively solve the environmental pollution of traditional pit kiln existence and the contradiction between investment and the economic benefit.
The present invention is made up of alternately coking chamber, combustion chamber and furnace roof, chute, Heat Room, coke oven base.It is characterized in that: the coking chamber top is provided with horizontal gas pipe, and top of combustion chamber is provided with the coal gas dispensing orifice, and the furnace roof district is provided with the gas balance road; Coking chamber links to each other with horizontal gas pipe, and horizontal gas pipe links to each other with the coal gas dispensing orifice; The combustion chamber is made up of some flues, and these quirks are the heating quirk, is provided with upright air passageways in the flue partition wall each other, and its top and middle part are provided with the air distribution openings; Coking chamber and bottom, combustion chamber are provided with the Heat Room of being built by laying bricks or stones by high heat conduction refractory materials, and this Heat Room is provided with and is winding type multilayer preheating of air road and flue alternately; The Heat Room top also be provided with can dust separating control of dust gas ash content from the road; Establish basic cooling duct between Heat Room and the coke oven base.
Enter the horizontal gas pipe at its top from the dried distilled heating gas of each coking chamber major part, give each flue through the uniformly distributing of coal gas dispensing orifice again, heat with air segmenting mixed firing; Its gas using residual heat is distributed to coking coking chamber in latter stage combustion chamber adjacent by the gas balance road, effectively regulate the homogeneity that whole body of heater vertically adds the heating gas amount, the coal gas amount that each stage of properly distributed retort process is required has solved coking gas excess in early stage, insufficient technological difficulties of later stage.Because this body of heater has adopted the refractory materials heat-exchanger rig, utilize high-temp waste gas that air is carried out preheating, and adopted rational coal gas to distribute technology, coal gas still has residue after the gas balance road further distributes in process of production, burns in the waste heat boiler combustion chamber of unnecessary coal gas introducing peripheral hardware, waste gas after burning by waste heat boiler with heat absorption after, temperature is reduced to 200~150 ℃, by induced draft fan waste gas is sent into thionizer then, and the flue gas after the desulfurization is discharged by chimney.The high pressure steam that waste heat boiler produces is supplied with the turbine driven set generating.Freezing air is introduced Heat Room by basic cooling duct, Heat Room is provided with multilayer preheating of air road and flue alternately, and both are separated by partition wall, and thermal exchange is carried out continuous indirect heat exchange by the transmission of partition wall, partition wall adopts and has undulatory high heat conduction refractory materials, effectively improves heat exchange efficiency; Heat Room is generally established winding type horizontal channel more than two layers, air is preheating to about 500 ℃ at this heat of accepting the both sides partition wall, after preheating, enter the upright air passageways that is provided with the air distribution openings in the flue partition, enter the combustion chamber again, then with coal gas mixed firing by chute; The air distribution openings is effectively regulated the air feed rate of hypomere on the combustion chamber, and coal gas can be fully burned in flue, guarantees the homogeneity of coking chamber height to heating, makes charge of coke ripe simultaneously up and down.Because coking chamber communicates with the combustion chamber by horizontal gas pipe and coal gas distribution openings, coking chamber is a negative pressure when coalingging, and dust all enters combustion chambers burn; Though this technology does not escape flue dust, realized smokelessly coalingging, but can contain a certain amount of dust in the high-temp waste gas after the burning, the present invention establish at the Heat Room top can dust separating control of dust gas ash content from the road, the dust that brings by the combustion chamber through control of dust gas ash content from road gas ash content from after, dust is dropped in this road, when needing cleaning, open its two side seals wall and dust can be removed.Waste gas enters flue after by dedusting, by undulatory partition wall heat is passed to air in the adjacency channel, and waste gas is admitted to waste heat boiler by the sole flue of coke side then.Be provided with basic cooling duct between Heat Room and the coke oven base, the air that enters before the Heat Room forms the freezing air bed course in this road, has cut off under the heat on top and has passed to the basis, when protecting coke oven base, also makes air obtain primary preheating at this.
The present invention adopts heat exchange chamber structure, usually with more than the preheating of air to 500 ℃, and the not enough problem of coal gas in the time of can effectively solving with the low coal-blending coking of fugitive constituent.The heat transfer process of this Heat Room is indirect continous way, does not have the commutation problem, quirk heating continous-stable; The flue of its combustion chamber is the heating quirk in addition, be equivalent to increase by one times heating quirk number than traditional regenerator coke oven combustion chamber, can not only improve the horizontal heating uniformity of coke oven, and help shortening coking time, when its coking chamber width is 407mm, coking time only has 12 hours, (58-II Formed Coke Furnace coking chamber width is when the 407mm to have shortened 3~5 hours than conventional coke oven, coking time is 15~17 hours), this shows, this invention belongs to the coking type of furnace of quick coking, not only can equally use same coal coking with traditional regenerator coke oven, the proportioning that can improve weak caking coal kind or non-caking coal under the situation that guarantees coke quality has the wide characteristics of coal adaptability more than 50% simultaneously, can save the coking coal resource of a large amount of preciousnesses in the utilization of resources.Should invent in addition, have the high characteristics of production efficiency because coking time is short.Aspect the burnt investment of reduction ton, because the employing high-level efficiency Heat Room of this coke oven, there is not regenerator, there is not the commutation facility, and do not have numerous and jumbled change product recovery system, compare (ton Jiao make an investment in about 500~700 yuan) with traditional mechanize coke oven, the burnt investment of ton can reduce more than 70%, ton Jiao make an investment in below 120 yuan, and generated energy is more than 3 times of conventional coke oven.Aspect cutting down the consumption of energy, this type of furnace does not have cooling system in process of production, so not consume water and steam are compared with traditional mechanize coke oven, the water consumption reduces more than 90%, less than 0.5m approximately 3/ t Jiao; Power consumption reduces more than 80% approximately, and the burnt power consumption of ton is less than 4KWh.Aspect reducing production costs because this pit kiln do not need numerous and jumbled change product recovery system, have the wide characteristics in coal source simultaneously, its production cost than conventional coke oven reduce at least 30 yuan/more than Jiao t, working cost ton Jiao is less than 10 yuan.Aspect environment protection since when operation coking chamber be in negative pressure; raw gas in the process of coalingging and flue dust thereof all can be taken away by the combustion chamber; so its loss amount reduces more than 90% than traditional coke oven; do not cool off owing to coal gas in addition; not only can reach the purpose of processing wastewater zero release, and improve the recovery of heat energy greatly and reduced a large amount of water, electric consumption.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace internal structure synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The coke oven furnace roof is established coaling hole 1 and peephole 2, coal charge is sent into coking chamber 4 by the hole 1 of coalingging, open peephole 2 during thermometric, the hot raw gas major part of dried distilled enters horizontal gas pipe 16 in the production process, give each flue 15 through 17 uniformly distributings of coal gas dispensing orifice, its gas using residual heat enters the gas balance road 18 in furnace roof district, with the flue 15 in the additional charing combustion chamber in latter stage of coal gas, gas pressure in each coking chamber 4 of balance guarantees the coal gas expense of each coking chamber 4 in different coking sections.Residual gas is also burnt by the waste heat boiler combustion chamber that peripheral hardwares are introduced in gas balance road 18, waste gas after burning by waste heat boiler with heat absorption after, temperature is reduced to 200~150 ℃, is discharged by chimney after by induced draft fan waste gas being sent into the thionizer desulfurization then.The high pressure steam that waste heat boiler produces is supplied with the turbine driven set generating.Freezing air enters Heat Room by basic cooling duct 11.Heat Room is generally established winding type horizontal channel more than two layers, draws by three layers among the figure: i.e. preheating of air road the first layer 10, the second layer 9, the 3rd layer 7.Air carries out preheating at this heat of accepting both sides partition wall 14, and waste gas passes through the partition block preheated air at this with heat.Air enters upright air flue 5 by the 3rd layer 7 of preheating of air road, after further being preheating to about 500 ℃, enter flue 15 by air distribution openings 3, air distribution openings 3 is provided with three, make coal gas homogeneous combustion in flue 15, guarantee that charge of coke is ripe simultaneously up and down.High-temp waste gas after the burning enters Heat Room by the chute 6 of flue 15 bottoms, and by control of dust gas ash content during from road 8, its contained dust separation drops to wherein, when needing cleaning, opens two side seal walls and gets final product dusting out.Then waste gas enters second layer flue 13, the first layer flue 12.Waste gas is when the passage, by undulatory partition wall 14 heat passed to air in the adjacency channel, and temperature is reduced to about 1000 ℃.Waste gas after the heat exchange is admitted to waste heat boiler by the sole flue of cokery side.

Claims (6)

1, heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace, it is made up of coking chamber, combustion chamber, furnace roof, chute, Heat Room and coke oven base, it is characterized in that, the coking chamber top is provided with horizontal gas pipe, top of combustion chamber is provided with the coal gas dispensing orifice, and the furnace roof district is provided with the gas balance road; Coking chamber links to each other with horizontal gas pipe, and horizontal gas pipe links to each other with the coal gas dispensing orifice; The combustion chamber is made up of flue; Coking chamber and bottom, combustion chamber are provided with Heat Room, and this Heat Room is provided with preheating of air road and flue; Establish basic cooling duct between Heat Room and the coke oven base.
2, heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with upright air passageways in the described flue partition wall each other, and its top and middle part are provided with the air distribution openings.
3, heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described flue is the heating quirk.
4, as each heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described Heat Room also be provided with can dust separating control of dust gas ash content from the road.
5, heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described preheating of air road and flue are the winding type multilayer alternately, and both are separated by partition wall.
6, heat exchange cell-type heat reclamation coke furnace as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described partition wall employing has undulatory high heat conduction refractory materials.
CN 200410034978 2004-05-02 2004-05-02 Heat transfer room type heat recovery coke-oven Expired - Lifetime CN1242024C (en)

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CN1242024C CN1242024C (en) 2006-02-15

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102408898A (en) * 2011-09-19 2012-04-11 山西平遥峰岩煤焦集团有限公司 Vertical-type heat-recovery coke oven air supply system
WO2013040891A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-28 山西平遥峰岩煤焦集团有限公司 A method for leading out vertical heat recovery coke oven crude gas
CN103740381A (en) * 2013-12-29 2014-04-23 刘运良 Transverse continuous heating system of coke oven
CN103756689A (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-04-30 刘运良 Coke oven capable of horizontally heating in reciprocating manner and vertically extracting coke
TWI471414B (en) * 2009-07-01 2015-02-01 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Method and device to keep coke oven chambers warm during a standstill of a waste heat boiler
CN105331379A (en) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-17 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Power generation system and power generation method
CN108704435A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-26 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of coal chemical enterprise exhaust gas/pollutant energy-saving and emission-reduction method and device
CN110408412A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-05 华泰永创(北京)科技股份有限公司 A kind of air preheating type heat recovery coke oven
CN110922997A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-03-27 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven
CN114717014A (en) * 2022-03-16 2022-07-08 程相魁 High-temperature low-nitrogen combustion coke oven
CN115093860A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-09-23 鞍山华泰环能工程技术有限公司 Coke oven foundation protection device and coke oven
CN115109877A (en) * 2022-07-08 2022-09-27 黑龙江建龙钢铁有限公司 Method for preparing gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas from hydrocarbon-rich gas

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI471414B (en) * 2009-07-01 2015-02-01 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Method and device to keep coke oven chambers warm during a standstill of a waste heat boiler
CN102408898A (en) * 2011-09-19 2012-04-11 山西平遥峰岩煤焦集团有限公司 Vertical-type heat-recovery coke oven air supply system
WO2013040891A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-28 山西平遥峰岩煤焦集团有限公司 A method for leading out vertical heat recovery coke oven crude gas
CN103740381A (en) * 2013-12-29 2014-04-23 刘运良 Transverse continuous heating system of coke oven
CN103740381B (en) * 2013-12-29 2015-02-04 青岛伊诺威能源化工新技术有限公司 Transverse continuous heating system of coke oven
CN103756689A (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-04-30 刘运良 Coke oven capable of horizontally heating in reciprocating manner and vertically extracting coke
CN105331379A (en) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-17 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Power generation system and power generation method
CN108704435A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-26 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of coal chemical enterprise exhaust gas/pollutant energy-saving and emission-reduction method and device
CN110408412A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-05 华泰永创(北京)科技股份有限公司 A kind of air preheating type heat recovery coke oven
CN110922997A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-03-27 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven
CN114717014A (en) * 2022-03-16 2022-07-08 程相魁 High-temperature low-nitrogen combustion coke oven
CN114717014B (en) * 2022-03-16 2023-12-08 程相魁 High-temperature low-nitrogen combustion coke oven
CN115093860A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-09-23 鞍山华泰环能工程技术有限公司 Coke oven foundation protection device and coke oven
CN115093860B (en) * 2022-07-05 2023-09-15 鞍山华泰环能工程技术有限公司 Coke oven foundation protection device and coke oven
CN115109877A (en) * 2022-07-08 2022-09-27 黑龙江建龙钢铁有限公司 Method for preparing gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas from hydrocarbon-rich gas

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