CN1556384A - Optical cable circuit failure point precision locating method - Google Patents
Optical cable circuit failure point precision locating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1556384A CN1556384A CNA2004100138588A CN200410013858A CN1556384A CN 1556384 A CN1556384 A CN 1556384A CN A2004100138588 A CNA2004100138588 A CN A2004100138588A CN 200410013858 A CN200410013858 A CN 200410013858A CN 1556384 A CN1556384 A CN 1556384A
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Abstract
Using Brillouin reflectance technique in optical time domain adopted in the invention picks up strain information carried by Brillouin frequency drift caused by change of position information and temperature change carried in power of reflected light. Using method of combining absolute positioning with relative positioning makes successive approximation till exact location is determined finally. Comparing with prior art, the invention has features of omitting tedious calculation and additional data log, shortening time for finding out fault point of optical cable line so as to save cost. The method is general suitable method for positioning fault point applicable to optical cable line in position fixing direct burying type, aerial cable or duct optical cable.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the localization method of a kind of lightguide cable link trouble spot, specifically a kind of Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology (BOTDR) that utilizes, take absolute fix and relative positioning to think combination, the method for approaching one by one, the accurate location of finally realizing Cable's Fault point.
Two, background technology
Along with the expansion of Communication in China lightguide cable link construction scale and built lightguide cable link and passed in time the serious day by day of catabiosis taken place, lightguide cable link produces the possibility of fault also in continuous increase.According to statistics, circuit pack accounted for 74.8% during optical communication system broke down, and is annual because the direct economic loss that the lightguide cable link interruption causes has 7～800,000,000 yuan, and the loss that national economy and national defense communication are caused is surprising.In the existing fiber optic cable maintenance method there is big defective in the localization method of Cable's Fault point, causes the position fixing process of Cable's Fault point more loaded down with trivial details and station-keeping ability is not high, particularly especially difficult to the location of submarine optical fiber cable trouble spot.The inaccurate meeting of localization of fault directly causes the rapid increase of whole lightguide cable link expense in maintenance process.Therefore, seek a kind of new method of quick and precisely judging the lightguide cable link trouble spot, the economic loss that reduces communication failure to greatest extent and caused becomes the current urgent problem that solves of needing.
The location that utilizes OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) to carry out Cable's Fault point is the main method of using now, but in the method, the just position of fiber failure point of OTDR energy measurement, expect the position of concrete Cable's Fault point, need the physical resource of institute's test optical fibre cables and loaded down with trivial details formula operation, the setting accuracy of land optical cable can reach 40～50 meters, and the setting accuracy of submarine optical fiber cable can only reach hundreds of～several kms.The main method of utilizing OTDR to carry out the Cable's Fault point location at present has following two kinds:
Method one,
Required information is as follows: optical cable route as-constructed drawing (route topomap, route markstone figure), hop optical fiber attenuation statistical form, the test record of hop opticalfiber splicing loss, hop are joined the dish chart.
The step of the localization of faults is as follows:
When optical fiber breaks down, measure the fault fiber lengths with OTDR earlier, contrast route markstone figure, the test record of hop opticalfiber splicing loss and hop optical fiber attenuation statistical form then, finding the trouble spot is to occur between which two joint (or joint markstone); Again the fault fiber lengths of test is scaled the ground length of test lead to the trouble spot by following formula,
L is the ground length of test lead to the trouble spot in the formula, and long measure is a rice, L
1The test lead of measuring for OTDR is to the fiber lengths of trouble spot, L
2Be the fiber lengths that each connector box inner disc stays, n be test lead to the joint number between the trouble spot, P is the strand shrinkage of optical fiber in optical cable (or degree more than needed), L
3For each joint reel stays length, L
4For test lead to the various dishes of optical cable between the trouble spot stay the summation of length, do not contain the joint dish and stay length.Ls is the summation that test lead to optical cable S shape between the trouble spot is laid increases length, r be fiber cable laying the natural torsion rate (generally get 0.5%～1%, pipeline or built on stilts lay desirable 0.5%, directly buried installation desirable 0.7%～1%).For the optical cable of layer strand type and matrix type structure, optical fiber degree more than needed has been included in the optical cable strand shrinkage; For the optical cable of central beam cylinder structure, the degree more than needed of photometric fibre natural torsion in pipe.And disregard the strand shrinkage.
Because L
3, L
4, L
S, r can not make accurately mark in data, this maintaining method is judged the trouble spot and the inaccuracy brought, is brought great difficulty for the maintenance of lightguide cable link.In case lightguide cable link breaks down, ground, trouble spot positioning error is generally in 40～50 meters scopes, maximum error can reach more than 100 meters, when measuring distance increases, error can be bigger, simultaneously a large amount of maintainers are sent to look into to connect the trouble spot, and implement the work such as circuit excavation of long distance, have had a strong impact on the communication recovery time limit.The economic loss that causes is calculated as follows,
Direct economic loss=lightguide cable link interrupt circuit number * time * price/min
Sun Shi seriousness as can be seen from the above equation.
Method two,
The test failure fiber distance calculates the long length of fault cable sheath according to optical fiber strand shrinkage.According to newly-built optical cable route markstone in fault cable sheath length that calculates and the completion information, the long record sheet of skin calculates the ground location of trouble spot.Required information: the long record sheet of route markstone one skin of field notes during completion.
Lightguide cable link route markstone distance short and corresponding cable sheath long, its position of failure point can be expressed by following formula:
L is that the trouble spot is long to the cable sheath between the nearest joint markstone in the formula, and unit is a rice, L
1The test lead of measuring for OTDR is to the fiber lengths rice of trouble spot, and P is the line shrinkage (or more than needed degree) of optical fiber in optical cable, L
6For test lead to the optical fiber cumulative length rice between the nearest joint markstone in trouble spot, " 1 " is the optical fiber remaining length 1 meter (in practical operation can do experience correction) of trouble spot to the nearest joint connector box in the formula.
This method reduced since original safeguard system when localization of fault by L
3, L
4, L
SAnd data such as r grasp inaccurate and error that bring, and part has improved the accuracy of lightguide cable link localization of fault.But need be when lightguide cable link construction and final acceptance of construction, the table of comparisons that route the markstone----skin of accurate recording lightguide cable link is long, and as newly-built completion information, powerless to the localization of fault of submarine optical fiber cable simultaneously.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of employing Brillouin optical time domain reflection technology, by the time of simple scheme compression searching lightguide cable link trouble spot, improves the lightguide cable link trouble spot accurate positioning method of accuracy simultaneously.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of lightguide cable link trouble spot accurate positioning method, it is characterized in that: it adopts Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology, the strain information that the drift of Brillouin's frequency that positional information that the extraction reflected optical power is carried and temperature variation cause is carried, in conjunction with temperature regulating device and Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer, the method of utilizing absolute fix (coarse positioning) and relative positioning (fine positioning) to combine is approached one by one and is finally reached accurate location; It may further comprise the steps:
A) adopt Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology, extract the positional information that reflected light carries, tentatively determine the Position Approximate of Cable's Fault point M; The position of described Cable's Fault point M can be position coordinates * 95% of fiber failure point.
B) be provided with in position near Cable's Fault point M a segment length be 0.50～10 meter optical cable S1 as known point T1 position, the S1 section is put into temperature-controlled box, measure current lightguide cable link state and the result noted as the lightguide cable link virgin state; The length of described one section optical cable S1 can be 1 meter.
C) it is higher 40～80 ℃ than initial temperature to utilize temperature-controlled box that S1 section optical cable is heated to, and the temperature that keeps the S1 section during measuring in steadily, measure current lightguide cable link state and with the result as heating afterwards state recording get off; Among the present invention, temperature-controlled box can be heated to S1 section optical cable higher 50 ℃ than initial temperature.
D) state recording and the virgin state record after the heating relatively deducts lightguide cable link virgin state record with the lightguide cable link state recording after heating, and obtains the general distance of known point T1 position from true fault point M position;
E) known point position T1 put and true fault point M position between near another section optical cable S2 being set as known point T2 position on the direction of true fault point M position;
F) E D C repeating step B)))), known point Tn position up to heating is flooded by the light reflected signal of optical cable true fault point M, after heating, can not find the position of known point in the comparison of line status and original line line state, this moment, known point Tn position and optical cable true fault point M position coincided, and finally reached the accurate location of Cable's Fault point M.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology (BOTDR), the strain information that the drift of Brillouin's frequency that positional information that the extraction reflected optical power is carried and temperature variation cause is carried, in conjunction with temperature regulating device and Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer, utilize absolute fix and relative positioning to think the method for combination, approach one by one and finally reach accurate location.This method has been saved loaded down with trivial details calculating and extra data logging, not only can locate the trouble spot of direct-burried, built on stilts, duct optical cable circuit, and can locate the trouble spot of submarine optical fiber cable, is a pervasive localization method.The present invention simultaneously can provide better positional accuracy, and scheme is simple, has shortened the time of seeking the lightguide cable link trouble spot greatly, has saved maintenance cost, has improved lightguide cable link and has robbed logical efficient of generation.
Four, Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the graph of a relation of optical cable and optical fiber;
Fig. 2 is the range coordinate figure of Brillouin scattering luminous power and fiber position point;
Fig. 3 estimates that probably Cable's Fault point position is at M * 95% figure of place;
Fig. 4 is an optical cable virgin state record diagram;
Fig. 5 is optical cable heating back state recording figure;
Fig. 6 is the state recording after the heating and the difference figure of virgin state record;
Fig. 7 looks for one section optical cable as the new known point location drawing on the close direction of true fault point position between last known point position and the true fault point position again;
Fig. 8 is known point Tn position when coinciding with optical cable true fault point M position, the difference figure of state recording after the heating and virgin state record.
Five, embodiment:
A kind of lightguide cable link of the present invention trouble spot accurate positioning method, it takes Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology, at first, extracts the positional information that reflected light carries, and probably determines the position of Cable's Fault point, extracts the original strain information of lightguide cable link simultaneously; Secondly, the position of Cable's Fault point is done according to a preliminary estimate, utilize temperature-controlled box the optical cable of certain known location being heated extracting position and strain information near the Position Approximate of trouble spot; More first then measured value and secondary measurements different are determined the distance of optical cable hot spot from Cable's Fault point; By repeatedly measuring, approach the location that reaches line fault point one by one at last.The relation of optical cable and optical fiber is seen Fig. 1, wherein, the 1st, the optical fiber in the optical cable, the 2nd, optical cable, it may further comprise the steps:
The first step: with the position of Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer measuring optical fiber trouble spot M, see Fig. 2, then general estimation (position coordinates of fiber failure point * 95%) is done in the position of Cable's Fault point, see Fig. 3, wherein, and the 3rd, test lead, the 4th, temperature-controlled box;
Second step: in the Cable's Fault point T1 position of doing general estimation one section S1 is set, length is 1 meter, and the S1 section is put into temperature-controlled box, then current lightguide cable link state is measured, and measurement result is noted as the lightguide cable link virgin state, sees Fig. 4;
The 3rd step: S1 heats to the known point position, and it is higher 50 ℃ than initial temperature to be heated to S1 section temperature, and keeps the temperature of S1 section steady in a period of time, and the state of measuring current lightguide cable link gets off as heating back state recording, sees Fig. 5;
The 4th step: state recording and virgin state record after relatively heating, deduct lightguide cable link virgin state record with the lightguide cable link state recording after the heating, obtain the general distance of known point T1 position from true fault point M position, see Fig. 6;
The 5th step:, see Fig. 7 other one section optical cable S2 being set as known point T2 position near on the direction of true fault point position between known point T1 position and the true fault point M position;
The 6th the step: repeat second and third, four, five steps, known point position up to heating is flooded by the light reflected signal of optical cable true fault point M, after heating, can not find the position of known point in the comparison of line status and original line line state, both this moment, the known point position coincided with optical cable true fault point M position, see Fig. 8, by above method, finally reach the accurate location of Cable's Fault point, bearing accuracy can reach 1 meter.
Facts have proved that the present invention has saved loaded down with trivial details calculating and extra data logging, not only can locate the trouble spot of direct-burried, built on stilts, duct optical cable circuit, and can locate the trouble spot of submarine optical fiber cable, is a pervasive localization method.The present invention simultaneously can provide better positional accuracy, and scheme is simple, has shortened the time of seeking the lightguide cable link trouble spot greatly, has saved maintenance cost, improved work efficiency, has reduced that lightguide cable link interrupts and the economic loss that causes.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of lightguide cable link trouble spot accurate positioning method, it is characterized in that: it adopts Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology, the strain information that the drift of Brillouin's frequency that positional information that the extraction reflected optical power is carried and temperature variation cause is carried, in conjunction with temperature regulating device and Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer, the method of utilizing absolute fix and relative positioning to combine is approached one by one and is finally reached accurate location; It may further comprise the steps:
A) adopt Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology, extract the positional information that reflected light carries, tentatively determine the Position Approximate of Cable's Fault point M;
B) be provided with in position near Cable's Fault point M a segment length be 0.50～10 meter optical cable S1 as known point T1 position, the S1 section is put into temperature-controlled box, measure current lightguide cable link state and the result noted as the lightguide cable link virgin state;
C) it is higher 40～80 ℃ than initial temperature to utilize temperature-controlled box that S1 section optical cable is heated to, and the temperature that keeps the S1 section during measuring in steadily, measure current lightguide cable link state and with the result as heating afterwards state recording get off;
D) state recording and the virgin state record after the heating relatively deducts lightguide cable link virgin state record with the lightguide cable link state recording after heating, and obtains the general distance of known point T1 position from true fault point M position;
E) known point position T1 put and true fault point M position between near another section optical cable S2 being set as known point T2 position on the direction of true fault point M position;
F) step E D C repetition B)))), known point position up to heating is flooded by the light reflected signal of optical cable true fault point M, after heating, can not find the position of known point in the comparison of line status and original line line state, this moment, known point position and optical cable true fault point M position coincided, and finally reached the accurate location of Cable's Fault point M.
2, lightguide cable link according to claim 1 trouble spot accurate positioning method, it is characterized in that: the position of described Cable's Fault point M is position coordinates * 95% of fiber failure point.
3, lightguide cable link according to claim 1 trouble spot accurate positioning method is characterized in that: step B) and the length of one section optical cable S1 C) be 1 meter.
4, lightguide cable link according to claim 1 trouble spot accurate positioning method is characterized in that: temperature-controlled box is heated to S1 section optical cable higher 50 ℃ than initial temperature step C).
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| CN100374661C (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-03-12 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Natural cold-energy variator of heat conductivity coefficient |
| WO2008092397A1 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-08-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A method for locating fiber event point and an optical network and network equipment thereof |
| WO2011023104A1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-03 | 华为海洋网络有限公司 | Method, apparatus and device for detecting faults of underwater device |
| CN101079668B (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2011-07-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device, method and device for positioning the optical fiber failure |
| CN102394693A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-03-28 | 上海电信工程有限公司 | Method for accurately positioning fault points of optical cables |
| CN101447832B (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2012-05-23 | 安徽电力通信有限责任公司 | Method for measuring performance parameters of optical fiber cable circuit with ultra-long distance |
| CN102735272A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-17 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | Barrier-searchable Brillouin optical time domain analyzer |
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| CN103048117A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-17 | 桂林聚联科技有限公司 | Method for realizing accurate location of optical cable fault point through Raman scattering |
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| CN106209218A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林聚联科技有限公司 | Method for distinguishing known by a kind of optical cable based on thermic fiber polarization change principle |
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| CN107179175A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of transmission line of electricity OPGW cable broken core accurate positioning methods |
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