CN110545140A - Optical cable fault point approaching positioning method - Google Patents
Optical cable fault point approaching positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110545140A CN110545140A CN201910832428.5A CN201910832428A CN110545140A CN 110545140 A CN110545140 A CN 110545140A CN 201910832428 A CN201910832428 A CN 201910832428A CN 110545140 A CN110545140 A CN 110545140A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0791—Fault location on the transmission path
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical cable fault point approaching positioning method, which comprises the steps of obtaining and recording the distance from a detection point of a fault optical fiber to a fault point as a first distance; acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point approaching the optical fiber to an approaching detection point as a second distance; judging whether the first distance and the second distance are equal or the distance difference between the first distance and the second distance is within an allowable error range, if so, ending the fault point approximation test process; if not, the approach test point is moved by a distance length from the current position to a position close to the fault point, and the second distance is detected and updated again until the first distance is equal to the updated second distance or the distance difference is within the allowable error range. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple and convenient to operate, and the fault point positioning precision is high, so that the maintenance operation is guided more accurately, and the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber cable transmission engineering, in particular to fault maintenance in the operation and use process of an optical fiber cable.
background
Since the practical use of optical fiber and optical cable transmission media in the last 80 th century, the optical fiber and optical cable transmission media have been developed dramatically with the advantages of high bandwidth, low cost, high anti-interference performance, easy deployment and the like, and the optical fiber and optical cable used on line up to now has a length of more than one hundred million kilometers and is almost laid in all living places. The optical fiber cable is generally deployed outdoors for use, the use environment is severe, especially for long-distance transmission optical cables, an overhead laying mode is generally adopted, the carrying service level is high, but the optical fiber cable is easily damaged by natural disaster factors and human striking factors, the optical fiber cable transmission function is interrupted, and immeasurable economic loss is brought.
generally, a user faces a plurality of complex problems in the maintenance work of the optical cable, firstly, the actual laying length of the optical cable cannot correspond to the ground geographic length of the trend of the optical cable one by one, and secondly, after the optical cable is used for a period of time, engineering data is lost or the data deviates from the actual geographic trend of the optical cable. And thirdly, the ground condition of the optical cable trend is complex, in particular to a long-distance trunk transmission optical cable. These mentioned problems are directed to the real situation of optical cable engineering and optical cable lines, which brings great difficulties to the fault maintenance of the optical cable lines.
However, in the current optical fiber cable maintenance industry, a batch of advanced test instrument devices are also provided for assisting optical fiber cable fault judgment and maintenance work, but each of these instrument devices has some technical defects, for example, the end invalid distance parameter of the instrument device affects, for the end invalid distance, although the instrument usually gives a typical value, the end invalid distance is still related to the environment, sometimes is too large and sometimes is too small, these defects cannot be operated for the fault point maintenance work requiring high positioning precision, other better methods are needed to make up the defects of these instrument devices, otherwise the fault point positioning range is too wide (more than 10 meters), the maintenance workload of the optical fiber cable is huge, and the maintenance cost is also very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical cable fault point approaching positioning method which has the characteristics of high fault point positioning precision, small maintenance workload and low maintenance cost.
The method for approaching and positioning the fault point of the optical cable comprises the following steps,
Acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point of a fault optical fiber to a fault point as a first distance; acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point approaching the optical fiber to an approaching detection point as a second distance; the approaching optical fiber is a fault-free optical fiber and is an optical fiber on the same optical cable as the fault optical fiber; the detection point of the approaching optical fiber and the detection point of the fault optical fiber are in the same transmission machine room; the approach test point is a detection position estimated on the optical cable, and the detection position enables the second distance to be close to the first distance;
Judging whether the first distance and the second distance are equal or the distance difference between the first distance and the second distance is within an allowable error range, if so, ending the fault point approximation test process; if not, the approach test point is moved by a distance length from the current position to a position close to the fault point, and the second distance is detected and updated again until the first distance is equal to the updated second distance or the distance difference is within the allowable error range.
According to the technical scheme, the approaching test point close to the fault point is estimated according to experience guidance by means of the approaching optical fiber, the second distance can be obtained through online nondestructive distance detection of the approaching optical fiber, then the approaching test point with the position equal to the fault point is obtained finally through comparison and approaching correction of the first distance and the second distance, and the fault point approaching test process is finished. The fault point positioning precision is high, so that the maintenance operation is guided more accurately, and the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost are reduced.
And the detection point of the fault optical fiber and the detection point of the approaching optical fiber are ODF corresponding ports of the optical cable transmission machine room.
Usually, transmission optical cables are laid between two transmission rooms of a telecom operator and connected to a common Optical Distribution Frame (ODF) in the transmission rooms, and each transmission optical cable is connected to the same frame subframe of the ODF, and a corresponding port of the ODF is used as a detection point, so that the current situation that the distance difference between all optical fibers on the same optical cable and the port on the ODF of the machine room is small is formed, the positioning accuracy of a fault point is further improved, and maintenance operation is easier.
The method for acquiring the first distance comprises the following steps,
Recording the distance from a detection point of the fault optical fiber to a fault point directly measured by using test instrument equipment as Lfault;
Selecting a same position on an optical cable where a fault optical fiber and an approaching optical fiber are located as a temporary operating point, wherein the temporary operating point is between the fault point and a detection point of the fault optical fiber and is obviously far away from the tail end invalid distance coverage range of the test instrument equipment;
measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the fault optical fiber to a temporary operation point as Lts 1; measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the approaching optical fiber to the temporary operation point as Lts 2;
The first distance = Lfault- (Lts 1-Lts 2).
because when the transmission machine room is connected to the ODF, the optical fiber jumper is often used for splicing, the actual optical path transmission distance from the ODF port to the test instrument equipment from different optical fibers on the same optical cable to the corresponding port of the ODF also can be subjected to potential difference of different lengths of the optical fiber jumper, the distance difference is detected by online nondestructive distance detection through a temporary operation point, and the measurement precision is further improved.
In the moving by a distance length, the distance length of a difference between the first distance and the second distance is moved so as to locate the actual fault point as soon as possible.
the test instrument equipment used for measuring the first distance and the second distance is the same test instrument equipment, so that the measurement precision is further ensured.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention obtains the approaching test point with the same position as the fault point finally by means of the approaching optical fiber, the comparison and the approaching correction of the measured distance of the fault optical fiber and the approaching optical fiber, and the positioning precision of the fault point is high, thereby leading the maintenance operation to be more accurately guided, and reducing the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the dead end distance of a test meter device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cable laying connection in actual use;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a fiber optic failure on an optical cable line;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a temporary operating point selection location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an approximate test point selection location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of positioning a fiber fault point approximation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
in the maintenance work of the optical fiber cable, some advanced instruments are usually needed to perform troubleshooting work, but some inherent technical defects of the instruments affect the accuracy of fault location of the optical fiber cable, which does not meet the requirement of maintenance work with high requirement on fault location of some optical fiber cables, for example, in the maintenance of a common long-distance transmission overhead optical cable, the location error of a fault point is required to be not more than 10 meters, and the parameter of the terminal invalid distance (as shown in fig. 1) of most test instruments is more than 30 meters, so that the troubleshooting test close to the fault point cannot be assisted if the measurement cannot be normally performed within the distance. The optical cable fault point approaching positioning method provided by the technical scheme of the invention can effectively overcome the technical defects of instrument equipment, improve the positioning precision of the optical cable fault point to the rated measurement precision level (meter level) of the instrument equipment, and well solve the problem of strict requirement on positioning of the fault point in the maintenance work of an important optical cable.
the method for approaching and positioning the fault point of the optical cable comprises the following steps,
acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point of a fault optical fiber to a fault point as a first distance; acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point approaching the optical fiber to an approaching detection point as a second distance; the approaching optical fiber is a fault-free optical fiber and is an optical fiber on the same optical cable as the fault optical fiber; the detection point of the approaching optical fiber and the detection point of the fault optical fiber are in the same transmission machine room; the approach test point is a detection position estimated on the optical cable, and the detection position enables the second distance to be close to the first distance;
Judging whether the first distance and the second distance are equal or the distance difference between the first distance and the second distance is within an allowable error range, if so, ending the fault point approximation test process; if not, the approach test point is moved by a distance length from the current position to a position close to the fault point, and the second distance is detected and updated again until the first distance is equal to the updated second distance or the distance difference is within the allowable error range.
For an optical fiber, an optical time domain reflectometer can be adopted to detect the distance between two end points, a fault point on a fault optical fiber is equivalent to an optical fiber end point (interruption point), and the invalid distance of the tail end of a test instrument device is generally more than dozens of meters, so that the test function of the test instrument device is invalid and cannot be used within the range of dozens of meters close to the fault point of the fault optical fiber, the fault point positioning distance range is too large, the fault point cannot be accurately and actually found during fault maintenance, and the maintenance operation cannot be accurately guided.
The method comprises the steps that under the condition that the distance difference between all optical fibers on the same optical cable and a detection point (such as an ODF (optical distribution frame) of a transmission room is small, an optical fiber which is free of faults, good in quality and free is selected as an approaching optical fiber on the same optical cable, the optical cable to which the approaching optical fiber belongs is shaken and bent at the approaching detection point, and the optical path distance between the approaching detection point and the testing instrument equipment, namely the on-line nondestructive distance, can be obtained by using the testing instrument equipment.
In the scheme of the invention, an approaching test point close to the fault point is estimated by means of the approaching optical fiber according to experience guidance, the second distance can be obtained by carrying out online nondestructive distance detection on the approaching optical fiber, and then the approaching test point with the position equal to the fault point is finally obtained by comparing and approaching and correcting the first distance and the second distance, and the process of the fault point approaching test is finished. The fault point positioning precision is high, so that the maintenance operation is guided more accurately, and the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost are reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the allowable error range may be set to ± 0.5 meter, or may be set to another range according to actual requirements.
as an embodiment of the present invention, the detection point of the faulty optical fiber and the detection point of the approaching optical fiber are corresponding ports of an ODF of a transmission room.
As shown in fig. 2, in general, transmission cables are laid between two transmission rooms of a telecommunications carrier and connected to a common Optical Distribution Frame (ODF) in the transmission rooms, and each transmission cable is connected to the same rack sub-frame of the ODF.
When a certain optical fiber on the optical cable has a fault, as shown in fig. 3, assuming that the optical fiber 1 has a fault, during maintenance, first, with the aid of an OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) function of the test instrument device, a distance from a fault point on the optical fiber 1 to the test instrument device is measured at a detection point (as an implementation manner, at an ODF corresponding port of the transmission room), as a first distance, and a situation that a difference between the distances to the detection point can be further ensured to be minimum by using non-faulty optical fibers (the optical fibers 2 and the optical fibers 3) on the same optical cable of the ODF of the transmission room as approaching optical fibers, thereby improving detection accuracy.
As an embodiment of the invention, the selected approach fiber is as close as possible to the failed fiber port on the ODF. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the fiber 2 is used as an approximation fiber to locate the fault point of the fiber 1 step by step.
In one embodiment, the method for obtaining the first distance includes,
Recording the distance from a detection point of the fault optical fiber to a fault point directly measured by using test instrument equipment as Lfault;
selecting a same position on an optical cable where a fault optical fiber and an approaching optical fiber are located as a temporary operating point, wherein the temporary operating point is between the fault point and a detection point of the fault optical fiber and is obviously far away from the tail end invalid distance coverage range of the test instrument equipment;
Measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the fault optical fiber to a temporary operation point as Lts 1; measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the approaching optical fiber to the temporary operation point as Lts 2;
The first distance = Lfault- (Lts 1-Lts 2).
as shown in fig. 4, since the optical fiber jumper is often used for splicing when the transmission room is connected to the ODF, the actual optical path transmission distance from the ODF port to the test instrument device to different optical fibers on the same optical cable to the corresponding port of the ODF may also be subject to the potential difference of different lengths of the optical fiber jumper, and the distance difference is detected by performing online nondestructive distance detection through a temporary operation point. If the faulty fiber and the approaching fiber are different fibers on the same cable as shown in fig. 4, the distance from the detection point to the temporary operating point is Lts (Lts 1 for fiber 1 and Lts2 for fiber 2), and the distance from the temporary operating point to the fault point is Ltsf, the faulty fiber and the selected approaching fiber are on the same cable, and thus there is no distance difference between Ltsf.
As shown in fig. 4, as an embodiment, a temporary operating point between the fault point and the transport room, which is significantly distant from the dead end of the test meter device, is first selected: and Ts, measuring the optical path distance difference between the optical fiber 1 and the optical fiber 2 on the optical cable and the test instrument equipment at the point Ts. Connecting the test instrument equipment to the port of the ODF optical fiber 1 of the distribution frame through the optical fiber jumper 1, shaking and bending the optical cable at a temporary operating point, testing the optical path distance value between a Ts point on the optical fiber 1 and the test instrument equipment through the instrument equipment, and temporarily recording as: and Lts1, connecting the test instrument equipment to the port of the ODF optical fiber 2 of the distribution frame through the optical fiber jumper 2, shaking and bending the optical cable at the same temporary operating point, and testing the optical path distance value between the Ts point on the optical fiber 2 and the test instrument equipment through the instrument equipment, wherein the value is temporarily recorded as: lts 2. The difference between Lts1 and Lts2 is the optical path distance difference between the two optical fibers on the optical cable ready for operation and the test instrument equipment of the transmission room. Therefore, the first distance = Lfault- (Lts 1-Lts 2) is obtained by the correction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the moving by one distance length is a moving by a distance length that is a difference between a first distance and a second distance, so as to locate the actual fault point as soon as possible.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the process of maintaining the connection of the test instrumentation to the port of the optical fiber 2 of the ODF distribution frame through the optical fiber jumper 2 (as an approaching optical fiber) and approaching and locating the fault point on the optical fiber 1 (as a fault optical fiber) through the optical fiber 2 is as follows:
(1) At an ODF port of the transmission machine room, the distance between a fault point on the optical fiber 1 and the instrument equipment is tested by using the instrument equipment and the optical fiber jumper 1 and is recorded as Lfault.
(2) On the same optical cable, selecting a good-quality idle optical fiber (optical fiber 2) to perform the fault point approaching positioning operation on the optical fiber 1.
(3) On this cable, a temporary operating point is selected, obviously between the point of failure of the optical fibre 1 and the transmission room: ts used for measuring the light path difference between the optical fiber 1 and the optical fiber 2 to the test instrument equipment;
in a transmission machine room, connecting the test instrument equipment to a port of an optical fiber 1 corresponding to the ODF through an optical fiber jumper 1, shaking and bending the optical cable at a temporary operating point, and measuring the distance from the temporary operating point to the test instrument equipment of the optical fiber 1, which is recorded as Lts 1;
Continuing to connect the test instrument equipment to the port of the optical fiber 2 corresponding to the ODF through the optical fiber jumper 2, shaking and bending the optical cable at the same temporary operating point, and measuring the distance from the temporary operating point to the test instrument equipment by the optical fiber 2, and recording the distance as Lts 2;
the difference Lts = Lts1-Lts 2.
The measurement sequence of Lts1 and Lts2 may be divided into two, namely, Lts1 and Lts 2.
(4) And (3) estimating an approaching test point T close to the distance of Lfault on the optical cable, shaking and bending the optical cable at the point, and testing the distance value between the approaching test point and the transmission machine room test instrument equipment through the instrument equipment, and recording the distance value as Ltest.
The measurement sequences of the above (1) to (4) are not shown in sequence.
(5) if Ltest = (Lfault-Lts) value, then the current approaching test point position is equal to the fault point position on the optical fiber 1, and the fault point approaching test process is finished.
(6) If Ltest > (Lfault-Lts) is the value, then moving a rough distance value (Ltest-Lfault + Lts) from the current position to the direction close to the transmission room, and continuing the same test operation from the step (4).
(7) if Ltest < (Lfault-Lts) then moving a rough distance value (Lfault-Lts-Ltest) from the current location in a direction away from the transport room, and continuing the same test operation from step (4).
(9) after repeated test operations, an approaching test point on the optical fiber 2 is found, and the distance between the approaching test point and the transmission room test instrument equipment is equal to (Lfault-Lts), and the position is the same as the position of the fault point of the optical fiber 1.
Because the optical fiber 2 on the same optical cable is a free optical fiber with good quality and has no fault point, in the process of approaching the fault point position of the optical fiber 1 to the test process, the test instrument device is in a rated dynamic measurement range and is not influenced by the defect of invalid distance at the tail end of the instrument device, so that the precision of approaching and positioning the fault point position of the optical fiber 1 through the optical fiber 2 is equal to the test precision of the test instrument device, and currently, the optical fiber is generally in a range of several meters, and thus, the maintenance work requirement with high requirement on positioning the fault point of the optical cable can be completely met.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the test equipment used for measuring the first distance and the second distance is the same test equipment, so as to further ensure the measurement accuracy. The test instrument matched with the optical fiber fault point approaching positioning method can select a P-OTDR (polarization type optical time domain reflectometer) or a common OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer).
the technical scheme of the invention breaks through the conventional thinking, does not use the optical fiber with the fault as the target to carry out the fault point positioning operation, but selects another idle optical fiber with good quality on the same optical cable as the operation target to carry out the approaching positioning on the fault point of the fault optical fiber. The method can enable the instrument equipment to work in the optimal measuring state, and completely avoid the influence of the invalid distance at the tail end of the instrument equipment, so that the most accurate positioning result of the optical fiber fault point can be obtained.
in order to obtain the optimal precision for positioning the fault point on the optical fiber, the technical scheme of the invention adds a temporary operating point in the fault point approaching positioning operation, and the temporary operating point is used for measuring the tiny difference between the two optical fibers on the same optical cable and the optical path distance between the testing instrument equipment arranged in a transmission machine room and is used as a correction value in the fault point approaching process.
the embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
with the increasing use of optical fiber cables in various industries, the maintenance workload of the optical fiber cables is more and more complex and heavy, and most of the investment (manpower and time) in the optical cable fault maintenance is concentrated on the aspects of searching and positioning of optical fiber fault points, so that the time investment spent on the early-stage troubleshooting work of the optical cable fault points by maintenance personnel can be greatly reduced by means of modern high-tech test instrument equipment and an advanced fault approximation positioning method, the optical cable fault repair efficiency is improved, the communication interruption time caused by optical cable faults is shortened as much as possible, namely, the maintenance investment cost is saved, and the straight-through rate quality index of a communication system is also improved.
The invention has simple and easy-to-use technology, and has very wide market space aiming at the current huge optical cable user group, so the potential market economic value is huge.
Claims (5)
1. the method for positioning the fault point approach of the optical cable comprises the following steps,
Acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point of a fault optical fiber to a fault point as a first distance; acquiring and recording the distance from a detection point approaching the optical fiber to an approaching detection point as a second distance; the approaching optical fiber is a fault-free optical fiber and is an optical fiber on the same optical cable as the fault optical fiber; the detection point of the approaching optical fiber and the detection point of the fault optical fiber are in the same transmission machine room; the approach test point is a detection position estimated on the optical cable, and the detection position enables the second distance to be close to the first distance;
Judging whether the first distance and the second distance are equal or the distance difference between the first distance and the second distance is within an allowable error range, if so, ending the fault point approximation test process; if not, the approach test point is moved by a distance length from the current position to a position close to the fault point, and the second distance is detected and updated again until the first distance is equal to the updated second distance or the distance difference is within the allowable error range.
2. The optical cable fault point approaching positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the detection point of the fault optical fiber and the detection point of the approaching optical fiber are ODF corresponding ports of a transmission room.
3. The optical cable fault point approximation positioning method according to claim 1 or 2, the first distance obtaining method includes,
Recording the distance from a detection point of the fault optical fiber to a fault point directly measured by using test instrument equipment as Lfault;
selecting a same position on an optical cable where a fault optical fiber and an approaching optical fiber are located as a temporary operating point, wherein the temporary operating point is between the fault point and a detection point of the fault optical fiber and is obviously far away from the tail end invalid distance coverage range of the test instrument equipment;
Measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the fault optical fiber to a temporary operation point as Lts 1; measuring and recording the distance from the detection point of the approaching optical fiber to the temporary operation point as Lts 2;
The first distance = Lfault- (Lts 1-Lts 2).
4. the method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the moving a distance is a distance between a first distance and a second distance.
5. The method for approximately locating the fault point of the optical cable according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the test equipment used for measuring the first distance and the second distance is the same test equipment.
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| CN114295324A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-08 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Fault detection method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114295324B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-23 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Fault detection method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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