CN1529041A

CN1529041A - Hydraulic distributing mechanism for engine rotary valve

Info

Publication number: CN1529041A
Application number: CNA2003101236776A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方戟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-10-13
Filing date: 2003-12-18
Publication date: 2004-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-18
Also published as: WO2005038201A1; CN1289796C

Abstract

The invention is a kind of rotation valve hydraulic distribution mechanism for internal combustion engine; it is used to replace the piston engine cylinder head part. There has in/off value, valve cover, oil piston in the distribution valve. The in/out air discharging valve rotates synchronously, it control the oil piston to move reciprocally through the in/out oil channel and channel in valve, promotes the discharging door to open or close. The rotation valve can rotate with a fixed angle when in brake, thus the compressed air in the cylinder generate resistance force to the piston, realizes the brake of engine.

Description

Engine revolution valve hydraulic pressure distribution device

Technical field the present invention relates to the transmission and the control of internal combustion engine valve distribution mechanism.

Background technique is present, and the distribution device of reciprocating engine is used is the mechanical transmission that cam directly or indirectly drives valve.Cam drives valve again through push rod, rocker arm body, and the gap when eliminating the rigidity transmission also has to add hydraulic tappet in the centre to eliminate the gap.But because of being subjected to the influence of difficulty of processing, structural complexity and operating mechanical wear, camshaft running clearance, circular runout exists, there are the noise of valve impact, the unreliability that valve-closing does not sternly reach work inevitably, and advance (row) gas advance angle, retardation angle is influenced by the geometrical shape of cam and machining accuracy all, be difficult to revise easily and intuitively.(angle of desirable valve standard-sized sheet should be whole intake and exhaust stroke about the angle of cam whole unseat the valves of actual each stroke when rotating had only 30 to spend, be that cam turns over 90 degree), make the inlet and outlet amount can not reach maximum value, cause engine power effectively not bring into play.In addition, cam be will rotation warping force decompose to produce a spot of radial force and promote valve and do vertical motion, the major part kinetic equation loss camshaft running on, both increased the in-fighting of engine power, also accelerate the wearing and tearing of camshaft, reduced the performance of motor.And the distribution device processed complex of cam drive, technical requirements and cost height.These shortcomings for a change, also occur some in theory and replace valve with ball valve, axle valve, directly the inlet and outlet of motor are controlled, but because of ball valve, the axle valve that can't solve rotation impacted by the internal-combustion engine high temperature and high pressure gas directly, the problem of fragile gas leakage all can't replace the distribution device of existing cams.In order to prevent vehicle skidding when wheel hub is braked, sideslip, begin all both at home and abroad to consider that the braking with motor cooperates braking and abbreviates this technology as " JAKE ", for reaching the engine braking of vehicle (boats and ships), need increase complicated apparatus on motor realizes, cost is big with the target ratio, and be difficult to reach target, can not popularization and application.

Summary of the invention is to overcome the adverse effect that cause power performance in the cam valve distribution mechanism gap that actual standard-sized sheet process weak point, rotation and wearing and tearing back increase when inlet and outlet, reduce the power in-fighting, rotary valve hydraulic pressure distribution device provided by the invention, the scheme of dealing with problems is: with parts such as camshaft, push rod, tappet, rocking arms, substitute with rotary valve, valve pocket, oily piston.Crankshaft timing gear drives the follower on the exhaust rotary valve, under synchromesh gear drives, make the inlet and outlet rotary valve with 1/4 fixed speed ratio of bent axle synchronously to rotating.It now is example with the intake valve, working principle is described: when the beginning air inlet, oil duct on the air inlet rotary valve is connected the upper oil cavitie and the oil input channel of oily piston, the upper oil cavitie that pressure oil enters oily piston promotes oily piston and moves down, unseat the valve air inlet, oily piston are blocked by oily piston because of the back oil road of lower oil cavitie during to lower dead center and are closed, and oily buffer piston stops, this moment, valve was all opened, and finished (can realize the full admission amount of valve in whole air inlet) up to intake stroke.When entering compression stroke, drain pan on the rotary valve forwards to drain tap and upper oil cavitie on positi, intake valve is moving on the oily piston of promotion under the effect of valve spring, before the valve-closing, the cushion plugs of axle head is sealed the spill port of upper oil cavitie on the oil piston, and valve is closed under the throttling buffering of oily piston axle head oil groove.When work done and exhaust forward part stroke, valve is to close.In the time of will finishing to exhaust valve travel, the oil duct on the intake valve rotary valve is connected oily piston upper oil cavitie and oil input channel again, enters next intake stroke.

The working principle of exhaust valve is identical with intake valve, is scavenging action when just valve is opened.For reaching the purpose of utilizing engine braking, the shunt Brake pipe of brake pump was received (motor on the boats and ships also can directly rotate valve pocket, does not need the dynamic braking cylinder) on the dynamic braking cylinder when the present invention will brake.When stepping on brake, the piston push rod of dynamic braking cylinder turns over several angle with the valve pocket of outlet valve along the direction that rotary valve rotates, reach and exhaust valve is opened delay time when closing than proper functioning, like this, when engine exhaust, because of exhaust valve can not in time be opened, and this moment, intake valve was in closed condition, be compressed the resistance of air when engine piston is up, engine speed is descended, reach the braking purpose.In the time of near engine piston is up near top dead center, outlet valve is opened again, discharges compressed-air actuated energy, and the compression that prevents air can be delivered to motor again makes its acceleration.Excessive as the valve pocket rotation angle, will cause the slow excessively phenomenon of exhaust valve closing when air inlet, though can strengthen this " JAKE " effect, also can cause the part inflammable gas to overflow from exhaust valve.Therefore the rotation angle of the valve pocket of exhaust valve rotation should reach the idling adjustment of motor according to actual needs.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that valve and driving mechanism are realized the transmission of no gap, valve opening is fast, and wide-open time is long, makes the tolerance of motor inlet and outlet abundant, improves output power.When the time that valve is all opened when advancing (row) gas is cam drive three times, abundant because of air inlet, help improving combustion efficiency of fuel oil, reach fuel-economizing, environmental protection, reduce the valve noise, improve the purpose in the working life of distribution device.Need not increase complex mechanism, just can reach the effect of engine braking, help improving the braking ability of vehicle (boats and ships).

In the description of drawings Figure of description of the present invention, Fig. 1 is the sectional view of rotary valve hydraulic pressure distribution device, and the left side is an intake valve shown in the figure, and the right side is an exhaust valve, the position when being in the intake stroke of cylinder.Fig. 2 is the axial section of rotary valve hydraulic pressure distribution device exhaust valve.Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of engine braking (vehicle).Among the figure:

1--rotary valve 2--intake valve valve pocket 3--oil piston 4--exhaust valve valve pocket 5--distribution valve body 6--cylinder head 7--draining road

8--lower oil cavitie 9--upper oil cavitie 10--valve spring 11--valve 12--synchromesh gear 13--timing follower

The spacing screw 15--of 14--valve pocket brake bar 16--dynamic braking cylinder 17--valve pocket Returnning spring 18--service brake

20--brake pump 21--wheel hub brake shoe is in charge of in the 19--braking

The appended Fig. 4 of specification of the present invention is the another kind of structural type of rotary valve, and the left side is an intake valve, and the right side is an exhaust valve, the position when being in the intake stroke formula of cylinder.

The embodiment explanation: shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 showed, the rotary valve 1 that the timing gear on the bent axle drive the timing follower 13 on the exhaust rotary valve and drive the inlet and outlet door through synchromesh gear 12 rotated in opposite directions.With the intake valve is example: rotary valve 1 is under synchromesh gear 12 drives, counterclockwise speed ratio with 1/4 turns round in valve pocket 2, and (motor is finished four strokes of a work cycle, rotary valve changes half cycle), pressure oil enters upper oil cavitie 9 through the oil pipe (not shown) from the radial bore of oil inlet hole on rotary valve 1 on the valve body 5 from the engine oil pump of enlargement discharge, promote the elastic force that oily piston 3 overcomes valve spring 10, promoting valve 11 moves down and opens valve and begin air inlet, oil piston 3 goes downwards to before bottom dead center, stop because of spill port is sealed to cushion by oily piston gradually, this moment, valve was opened for maximum value.When entering compression stroke, filler opening is closed, drain pan along the circumferential direction on the rotary valve 1 forwards upper oil cavitie 9 to, upper oil cavitie 9 and draining road 7 are connected, and valve 11 promotes oily piston 3 under the effect of spring 10 up, to valve near the valve seat on the cylinder head 6, before nearly closing, the last axle head that protrudes on the oil piston 3 cuts off the primary path of upper oil cavitie 9 with draining road 7, and pressure oil only flows out (among the figure be that throttling groove draw with the chamfering form) through the throttling groove of last axle head, intake valve is cushioned close.Motor enters expansion space stroke and exhaust stroke during the later stage, and draining road and filler opening all are in closed position, and under valve spring 10 and cylinder pressure effect, valve is to maintain the closed position.When entering exhaust stroke will finish the time, rotary valve 1 turns over 180 degree, and the opposite side of oil inlet hole forwards and dock with filler opening (having the inlet and outlet overlapping angle) on the rotary valve 1, begins the intake stroke of next work cycle.The right side is the driving structure of exhaust valve in the accompanying drawing 1, and the working principle of exhaust gear is identical with admission gear, and turning to of rotary valve is opposite with intake valve.When motor had 4 cylinders, it is identical that the intake and exhaust rotary valve axially respectively has 4 shapes on the cross section of corresponding each cylinder valve, and angle differs the oil inlet hole and the drain pans of 45 degree, guarantees each cylinder sequence work.The distribution valve body on the hydraulic fluid port house steward, an one-way valve (not shown) is installed respectively, guarantee that the oil of oil input channels in oil inlet pipe and the valve body 5 all is being full of at ordinary times, prevent that air from entering the instantaneity of influence startup and valve switch.Rotary valve 1 should guarantee precision with valve pocket 2 and oily piston 3 with cooperating of distribution valve body 4, and air inlet valve pocket and distribution valve body are fixed.Fig. 2 is the axial section of exhaust valve, and only the engine type with 2 cylinders draws.The braking function of motor is (is example with the vehicle) as shown in Figure 3, exhaust valve pocket 4 is in valve body 5, brake bar 15 in the master cylinder 16 is connected with valve pocket 4, depress pedal 18 during braking, brake pump 20 pressure oil output, passed in 19 minutes two the tunnel, the one road on the wheel braking hoof 21, through oil pipe as the wheel braking of routine.Another road is passed in the dynamic braking cylinder 16, through pull bar 15 exhaust valve valve pocket 4 is turned an angle, and the unlatching that makes exhaust valve is delayed time during than proper functioning, reaches the purpose of engine braking.Exhaust valve valve pocket 4 under the spring 17 in master cylinder 16 and the effect of pull bar 15, is pressed on the spacing screw 14 of valve pocket when not braking, and is in the normal position the same with intake valve valve pocket 2, makes the motor proper functioning.

Figure 4 shows that the mode of execution of another kind of rotary valve structure, working principle is identical with Fig. 1's, it is the position difference of the turnover oilhole of valve body 5, rotary valve 1 no independent oil inlet hole, the turnover oilhole is same oil groove along the circumferential direction, intake valve with the left side is an example, during air inlet, side oil-feed tank on the rotary valve 1 is connected the upper oil cavitie 9 of oil inlet hole on the valve pocket 2 and oily piston 3, pressure oil enters oil cylinder through the left side filler opening, make oily piston 3 pressurizeds, overcome valve spring 10 promotion intake valves 11 and move down IO Intake Valve Opens.When air inlet finished, the oil groove on the rotary valve forwarded to oil inlet hole and disconnects, and the upper cylinder 9 of oily piston 3 is connected with drain tap, and valve 11 is promoting to move valve-closing on the oily piston under the effect of valve spring 10.Intake stroke up to next work cycle begins, and the side oil groove in addition of rotary valve is connected with suction port again.Other structure is identical with structural type shown in Figure 1, and is same, and the buffering of oily piston, the house steward of oil inlet and outlet is provided with one-way valve should be identical with previous embodiment.As another embodiment, there is different specific implementations with clear and definite rotary valve of the present invention.

Claims

1. the distribution device of an internal combustion engine, in the distribution valve body, rotary valve, oily piston, valve routing motion, it is characterized in that: be driving force with the fluid pressure, rotary valve is to rotate as control unit with the motor fixed speed ratio, control the to-and-fro motion of in-oil cylinder piston, drive valve and do the open and close campaign.

2. distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: rotary valve has oil-feed and draining passage on radial cross section, connects with advancing on the valve pocket, draining hole order.Mutually meshing synchromesh gear respectively is housed on the inlet and outlet rotary valve, and one of them rotary valve axle head is equipped with the timing follower in addition, engages transmission with timing gear on the engine crankshaft, and the inlet and outlet rotary valve is with the fixing move toward one another of 1/4 rotating speed of engine crankshaft.

3. distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: to being sealed gradually by oily piston before bottom dead center, the preceding axle head of oily piston has throttling groove (or front axle chamfer) to the spill port on the valve body at oily piston.

4. distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: one of them of inlet and outlet valve pocket fixed, and another can do the rotation of several angle when dynamic braking.