CN1478858A - Method and device for coal and methane copyrolysis - Google Patents
Method and device for coal and methane copyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN1478858A CN1478858A CNA031387969A CN03138796A CN1478858A CN 1478858 A CN1478858 A CN 1478858A CN A031387969 A CNA031387969 A CN A031387969A CN 03138796 A CN03138796 A CN 03138796A CN 1478858 A CN1478858 A CN 1478858A
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for cothermolysis of coal and methane features that the powdered coal is carried by methane gas into the arc plasma gas (H2) jet while the methane gas comes in the plasma jet from respective inlet for thermolysis. The mode in which the material comes in plasma jet, the quantity of material, the time when the material and thermolyzing gas stay in the reactor and the temp at outlet of reactor are controlled. The thermolyzing gas is quickly cooled by methane gas.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention is the method and apparatus of coal and methane gas copyrolysis, is a kind of method of plasma pyrolysis, is the typically used of plasma technique in the clean conversion of coal, belongs to coal chemical technology.
Technical background
Though acetylene is the simplest alkyl compound that contains trivalent chemical combination key, be a kind of very important industrial chemicals.Ethinylation work is the important branch of Coal Chemical Industry, has a wide range of applications.On chemical ingredients, the C/H ratio in the coal approaches 1, is raw material production acetylene with the coal therefore, is an ideal scheme theoretically.
Known coal plasma pyrolysis system acetylene mainly exists in the pyrolytic process serious in the wall coking of reactor coal dust ingress, has a strong impact on the carrying out of process, adopts chemical process to eliminate coking, the difficulty of bringing system not move continuously equally.Material is controlled the structure that depends on calculating and reactor more in the residence time of reactor and the temperature of reactor simultaneously, is difficult to regulate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is by changing the feeding manner of material, control the residence time and the temperature out of pyrolytic process material in reactor effectively, by the effect of eddy flow gas, between pyrolytic carbon fragment and reactor, form sealing coat simultaneously, weaken or eliminate the coking phenomenon of reactor wall.
The method of coal of the present invention and methane copyrolysis, it is characterized in that it being a kind of with the processing method of plasma jet with coal and methane copyrolysis, comprise the steps: coal dust and methane gas are fed in the plasma jet, utilize high temperature plasma jet pyrolysis coal and methane; Pyrolytic process is kept certain temperature; Pyrolysis gas and solid are formed acetylene by reactor port by quenching.
The device of coal and methane copyrolysis mainly comprises plasma generator 1, coal powder supply device 2, pyrolysis reactor 3, quencher 4, gas-solid separator 5.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis method, the gas that it is characterized in that producing plasma jet is hydrogen, and nitrogen is starting the arc gas and system's displacement gas.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis method is characterized in that doing with methane gas the carrier gas of pulverized coal conveying.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis method is characterized in that pyrolysis radially enters from reactor with coal dust; Pyrolysis enters in the plasma jet with tangential manner with methane gas.
Above-mentioned coal combines with two kinds of feeding manners in the methane copyrolysis method can control coal and methane and pyrolyzate effectively in the residence time of reactor and the temperature out of conditioned reaction device.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis method, tangentially entering of methane gas can form the protection air film between reactor wall and plasma jet, and pyrocarbon fragment and reactor barrier layer as pyrolysis of coal produces prevent or reduce the coking of reactor wall.
The method of above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis is characterized in that the temperature out of pyrolysis reactor 3 remains on more than 1500 ℃.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis method is characterized in that material is a methane gas at the quenching medium of reactor outlet, and the temperature behind the material quenching is 150 ℃～200 ℃.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis device is characterized in that the dc arc plasma generator that produces plasma jet is made up of negative electrode and anode.Negative electrode and anode are provided with the gas cyclone sheet.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis device, it is characterized in that in pyrolysis reactor 3, two groups of feed-pipes of installing in radial symmetry are arranged, one group of feed-pipe 7 and 7 ' be the coal dust feed-pipe of installing in the reactor radial symmetry, another group feed-pipe 8 and 8 ' link to each other with pyrolysis reactor 3 with tangential direction.
Above-mentioned coal and methane copyrolysis device is characterized in that having in 3 liang of pyrolysis reactors group material inlet bottom the flaring conical section 9 of decaptitating, and are used for fully contacting of material and plasma jet, and the flaring angle is that 10 degree～20 are spent.
Coal and methane pyrolysis device (Fig. 1) comprise dc arc plasma generator 1, pulverized coal conveying equipment 2, pyrolysis reactor 3, quencher 4, gas-solid separator 5, reaction residues collector 6.In plasma generator, plasma jet produces between its negative electrode and anode, the plasma jet that produces is by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, and controlled power of direct current provides power for plasma generator, and plasma generator is vertically mounted on the pyrolysis reactor 3.On pyrolysis reactor, the feed-pipe that has two groups of symmetries to install, radially install relatively at reactor 3 one group 7 (7 '), and another group 8 (8 ') are radially linking to each other with pyrolysis reactor 3 with tangential direction relatively, and coal dust and methane gas enter in the pyrolysis reactor by these two groups of feed-pipes respectively.On two groups of feed-pipe bottom pyrolysis reactors are axial, a divergent segment is arranged, divergent segment angle 10 degree～20 degree.The high temperature resistant graphite material of pyrolysis reactor liner.Pyrolysis gas enters quencher 4 by reactor outlet, is cooled at this pyrolysis gas.Cooling gas enters last handling process through behind the gas-solid separator 5.Obtain final product-acetylene through dedusting, absorption and desorption.
Method of the present invention is carried out as follows, and coal dust enters in the plasma jet with two kinds of different feeding manners in pyrolysis reactor with methane gas, regulates two bursts of temperature out and residence time that feed size is kept reactor.Outlet pyrolysis gas at reactor cools off fast, and cooled product gas is through gas solid separation, and solid product is residue and carbon black, and gas-phase product obtains product gas acetylene through operations such as dedusting, absorption, desorbs.
Description of drawings
Comparable device figure sets forth content of the present invention, wherein:
Figure 1 shows that coal and methane copyrolysis device and flow process
Reactor cross section figure shown in Figure 2
Reactor shown in Figure 3 top B-B sectional view
Reactor shown in Figure 4 top A-A sectional view
Number in the figure is: 1. dc arc plasma generator 2 pulverized coal conveying equipment 3. pyrolysis reactors 4. quencher 5. gas-solid separators, 6 reaction residues collectors 7 and 7 ' feed-pipe 8 and 8 ' feed-pipes
Embodiment
In plasma generator, at first feed nitrogen, under the high-frequency impulse effect, gas breakdown applies energy, keeps plasma arc and produces.When being adjusted to the voltage and current of requirement, open hydrogen, reduce nitrogen flow simultaneously, stop up to nitrogen, when plasma (orifice) gas is hydrogen till.The testing plasma body heat is separated temperature of reactor, when temperature at 1700 ℃, and when remaining unchanged, open the transfer line of coal dust and methane, regulate coal dust and methane gas inlet amount, the controlling reactor temperature out is at 1500 ℃, when stable, detect quenching front and back acetylene content, regulate two bursts of air input ratios according to content.Regulate the flow of quenching medium methane gas simultaneously, the control quenching exports pyrolysis temperature degree at 150 ℃, coal and methane copyrolysis, and the concentration 10% of acetylene in the product gas, the acetylene yield is greater than 18%.
In plasma generator, at first feed nitrogen, under the high-frequency impulse effect, gas breakdown applies energy, keeps plasma arc and produces.When being adjusted to the voltage and current of requirement, open hydrogen, reduce nitrogen flow simultaneously, stop up to nitrogen, when plasma (orifice) gas is hydrogen till.The testing plasma body heat is separated temperature of reactor, when temperature at 1800 ℃ and when remaining unchanged, open the transfer line of coal dust and methane, regulate coal dust and methane gas inlet amount, the controlling reactor temperature out is at 1550 ℃ when stable, detect quenching front and back acetylene content, regulate two bursts of air input ratios according to content, regulate the flow of quenching medium methane gas simultaneously, control quenching outlet pyrolysis temperature degree is at 180 ℃, coal and methane copyrolysis, the concentration 12% of acetylene in the product gas, the acetylene yield is greater than 18%.
In plasma generator, at first feed nitrogen, under the high-frequency impulse effect, gas breakdown applies energy, keeps plasma arc and produces.When being adjusted to the voltage and current of requirement, open hydrogen, reduce nitrogen flow simultaneously, stop up to nitrogen, when plasma (orifice) gas is hydrogen till.The testing plasma body heat is separated temperature of reactor, when temperature more than 1750 ℃, and when remaining unchanged, open the transfer line of coal dust and methane, regulate coal dust and methane gas inlet amount, the controlling reactor temperature out is more than 1600 ℃, when stable, detect quenching front and back acetylene content, regulate two bursts of air input ratios according to content.Regulate the flow of quenching medium methane gas simultaneously, control quenching outlet pyrolysis temperature degree is between 200 ℃.Adopt the inventive method, coal and methane copyrolysis, the concentration 13% of acetylene in the product gas, the acetylene yield is greater than 18%.
Claims (12)
1. the method for coal and methane copyrolysis, it is characterized in that it being a kind of with the processing method of plasma jet with coal and methane copyrolysis, comprise the steps: coal dust and methane gas are fed in the plasma jet, utilize high temperature plasma jet pyrolysis coal and methane; Pyrolytic process is kept certain temperature; Pyrolysis gas and solid are formed acetylene by reactor port by quenching.
2. the device of coal and methane copyrolysis mainly comprises plasma generator (1), coal powder supply device (2), pyrolysis reactor (3), quencher (4), gas-solid separator (5).
3. according to described coal of claim 1 and methane copyrolysis method, the gas that it is characterized in that producing plasma jet is hydrogen, and nitrogen is starting the arc gas and system's displacement gas.
4. according to described coal of claim 1 and methane copyrolysis method, it is characterized in that doing the carrier gas of pulverized coal conveying with methane gas.
5. according to described coal of claim 1 and methane copyrolysis method, it is characterized in that pyrolysis radially enters from reactor with coal dust; Pyrolysis enters in the plasma jet with tangential manner with methane gas.
6. combine with two kinds of feeding manners in the methane copyrolysis method according to the described coal of claim 5 and can control coal and methane and pyrolyzate effectively in the residence time of reactor and the temperature out of conditioned reaction device.
7. according to described coal of claim 6 and methane copyrolysis method; tangentially entering of methane gas; can form the protection air film between reactor wall and plasma jet, pyrocarbon fragment and reactor barrier layer as pyrolysis of coal produces prevent or reduce the coking of reactor wall.
8. according to the method for described coal of claim 1 and methane copyrolysis, it is characterized in that the temperature out of pyrolysis reactor (3) remains on more than 1500 ℃.
9. according to described coal of claim 1 and methane copyrolysis method, it is characterized in that material is a methane gas at the quenching medium of reactor outlet, the temperature behind the material quenching is 150 ℃～200 ℃.
10. according to described coal of claim 2 and methane copyrolysis device, it is characterized in that the dc arc plasma generator that produces plasma jet is made up of negative electrode and anode.Negative electrode and anode are provided with the gas cyclone sheet.
11. coal as claimed in claim 2 and methane copyrolysis device, it is characterized in that in pyrolysis reactor (3), two groups of feed-pipes of installing in radial symmetry are arranged, one group of feed-pipe 7 (7 ') is the coal dust feed-pipe of installing in the reactor radial symmetry, and another group feed-pipe 8 (8 ') links to each other with pyrolysis reactor (3) with tangential direction.
12. coal as claimed in claim 2 and methane copyrolysis device is characterized in that having in (3) two groups of material inlet bottoms of pyrolysis reactor the flaring conical section (9) of decaptitating, and are used for fully contacting of material and plasma jet, the flaring angle is 10 degree～20 degree.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 03138796 CN1200074C (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2003-07-03 | Method and device for coal and methane copyrolysis |
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| CN 03138796 CN1200074C (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2003-07-03 | Method and device for coal and methane copyrolysis |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100366706C (en) * | 2005-09-03 | 2008-02-06 | 太原理工大学 | Method for recovering and utilizing nitrogen containing substance |
| WO2013029457A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | National Institute Of Clean-And-Low-Carbon Energy | Multi-stage plasma cracking carbonaceous material reactor and process for producing acetylene by using the same |
| CN101578350B (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2013-10-23 | 本特-斯蒂勒·叶绍格 | Reactor for pyrolysis and method for charging and emptying such reactor |
| CN104232162A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Coal conversion system and method |
| CN104355961A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Plasma pyrolytic coal-derived acetylene reactor |
| CN104451762A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Device for preparing acetylene through pulverized coal pyrolysis by electric arc |
| CN108546561A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2018-09-18 | ***纪念研究院 | It is converted and is modified using the heavy fossil hydrocarbon of radio frequency or microwave energy |
-
2003
- 2003-07-03 CN CN 03138796 patent/CN1200074C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100366706C (en) * | 2005-09-03 | 2008-02-06 | 太原理工大学 | Method for recovering and utilizing nitrogen containing substance |
| CN101578350B (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2013-10-23 | 本特-斯蒂勒·叶绍格 | Reactor for pyrolysis and method for charging and emptying such reactor |
| WO2013029457A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | National Institute Of Clean-And-Low-Carbon Energy | Multi-stage plasma cracking carbonaceous material reactor and process for producing acetylene by using the same |
| CN108546561A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2018-09-18 | ***纪念研究院 | It is converted and is modified using the heavy fossil hydrocarbon of radio frequency or microwave energy |
| CN104232162A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Coal conversion system and method |
| CN104232162B (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2017-05-24 | 通用电气公司 | coal conversion system and method |
| CN104355961A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Plasma pyrolytic coal-derived acetylene reactor |
| CN104355961B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2019-08-23 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | A kind of Acetylene Manufactured by Coal Pyrolysis under Plasma Condition reactor |
| CN104451762A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Device for preparing acetylene through pulverized coal pyrolysis by electric arc |
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| CN1200074C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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