CN1478377A - Industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region - Google Patents
Industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An industrial cuttage method for cultivating sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region includes such steps as preparing cuttings nursery, string bags, matrix and nursing bed, disinfecting string bags, loading matrix in it, immersing in water, cutting to become matrix bags, treating the cuttings with hormone, inserting them in matrix bags, arranging them on the nursing beds, showering managing, and transplanting. Its advantages are short period, low cost, and high effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates at the extensive breeding method of building the required nursery stock of spruce forest in high area above sea level, definitely saying so relates to a kind of method of batch production dragon spruce cuttage and seedling culture.
Background technology
Dragon spruce is a kind of fine tree species, in the high regional environment above sea level that is suitable for growing, but increases very difficulty of woods breeding.China southwest, high and cold height area above sea level, northwest lack the large tracts of land natural forest; water and soil loss is quite serious; in order to implement national wildwood protected project and project of conceding the land to forestry, in these regional establishing in large scale dragon spruce forest belts, it is very important that the construction of China's ecotope is improved.The task of top priority is need cultivate energy in enormous quantities to satisfy the dragon spruce nursery stock of building the woods needs, and up at present, traditional seed propagation method is adopted in the cultivation of dragon spruce nursery stock always, owing to germinate, survival rate is very low, nursery stage long, do not satisfy the needs of afforesting far away, and the cottage propagation of dragon spruce is quite difficult, before the present invention, also there is not an energy successfully to cultivate the ripe available technology of dragon spruce nursery stock in enormous quantities with cottage method, seriously affect carrying out smoothly of afforested project.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: provide a kind of be not subject to seasonal restrictions grow seedlings, nursery stock root survival height, afforestation grow into forest the time early, seedling cost is low, be suitable for the dragon spruce industrial cuttage seedling method height regional large-scale production dragon spruce nursery stock above sea level.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the enforcement following technical proposals:
A kind of industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region is characterized in that: set up dragon spruce cutting orchard, slotting machine, netted container bag (abbreviation mesh bag) workshop, do not have native light ground mass (abbreviation matrix) allotment workshop; Make the required culture matrix of cuttage by matrix allotment workshop; Produce mesh bag by the mesh bag workshop in order to the splendid attire cutting medium, mesh bag is through soaking disinfection, splendid attire culture matrix again, place water to soak then, to the containers size of the mesh bag of matrix according to the needs of growing seedlings be housed after soaking, the section of being cut on segment cutter, as cut into the base material mesh bag of one section of every 10cm, be called for short the matrix bag; In the preferred cuttage of dragon spruce cutting orchard dragon spruce plugged ear, soak through repairing to be placed in hormone or the root-growing agent solution after bar is handled, cutting after the HORMONE TREATMENT is inserted in the matrix bag of having got ready, then by the density requirements that designs, the matrix bag of will transplanting a cutting is placed on the slotting machine, again this slotting machine being carried out full exposure spraying management, wait to transplant a cutting all to take root moving to the land for growing field crops Routine Management after stable, is extensible afforestation after the hardening air is completely cured.
Its additional technical feature is: 1. the used culture matrix of cuttage is 1/2 peat+1/2 agriculture and forestry organic waste material+4 ‰ composite fertilizers; 2. the used dragon spruce plugged ear of cuttage, the young age that is selected from that 3-7 gives birth on the dragon spruce tree one age side shoot; 3. the used plugged ear of cuttage was soaked 10-60 minute with ABT root-inducing powder or root-growing agent 50-200ppmm, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT; 4. on slotting machine, the density that lays that dragon spruce is transplanted a cutting is elected as: 3 * 3cm or 4 * 4cm or 5 * 5cm; 5. the slotting machine that is covered with cutting matrix bag is carried out in the full exposure spraying management process, the temperature of cutting matrix is at 20 ℃～25 ℃ in the control matrix bag, atomizing humidity on the control slotting machine is not as the criterion not form runoff on transplanting a cutting, in this full exposure spraying environment, managed 50-60 days, and made the dragon spruce rooting of cuttings rate in the matrix bag surpass 90%.
Advantage of the present invention in: 1. use cuttage and seedling culture method of the present invention, shortened growing-seedling period greatly; Adopting traditional field seeding to grow seedlings needs 5 years left and right sides time to afforest, and uses this method, by the nursery stock of cottage breeding, and the 2nd year afforestation of can going up a hill; 2. reduced seedling cost: owing to shortened growing-seedling period, this cuttage and seedling culture is saved cost about 40% than the field greenhouse seeding and seedling raising; 3. cultivate high quality seedling: by gathering branch in high-quality elite stand or the cutting orchard, can keep good characteristic and the resistance set to the seed selection of choiceness; 4. can provide a large amount of seedlings: do not collected seed difficulty or ease, trees biennial bearing phenomenon etc. of cuttage and seedling culture influence, as long as have the elite stand of some or cutting orchard just can produce a large amount of seedlings, build required nursery stock to satisfy project on protection of natural forest resources and project of conceding the land to forestry; 5. improve survival rate: by the cuttage seeding that the material mesh bag container that matrix is housed is cultivated, root system and growth conditions are not destroyed during afforestation, the more present bareroot seedling survival rate height of going up a hill; The season limit of 6. breaking the normal procedure and afforesting, the conventional afforestation time is generally spring, and by the nursery stock that the mesh bag that matrix is housed is cultivated, needs only and can both afforest any time after planting site soil thaws.
Therefore, this method is by implementing factorial seedling growth, shortened cultivating seedlings cycle 3-4, reduced seedling cost, carried high seedling quality, guaranteed survival rate and storage rate, construction has solved a great problem to ecological engineering, and China southwest, the high regional ecological engineering construction above sea level in northwest are played an important role.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 has provided the flow chart of dragon spruce industrial cuttage seedling-cultivating method of the present invention
Embodiment
A kind of industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region, at first set up dragon spruce cutting orchard, mesh bag workshop, matrix allotment workshop and slotting machine, grow seedlings for industrial cuttage and to prepare necessary material base, wherein each slotting machine specification of Jian Zaoing is 12 * 12m, the ground of slotting machine is by pave wholely, its upper berth one deck brick, shop one deck river sand above the brick, for increasing surface temperature, also need lay the ground hot line, one cover full exposure spraying apparatus is installed on the slotting machine, is controlled spraying apparatus realization auto spraying automatically with controller intermittently, and can control spray time automatically.Cuttage and seedling culture work is from adopting fringe, mesh bag production, and carry out simultaneously three aspects of matrix allotment; Experimental result according to beforehand research, should from natural forest, choose the dragon spruce side shoot in one age that 3-7 gives birth to, or from cutting orchard preferred 3-4 stranger worker tree seedling one age side shoot make plugged ear, in time repair the bar processing to gathering the plugged ear of coming, be about to the needle of branch base portion below 3 centimetres and remove, place the hormone solution for preparing to handle with 50 or 100, soak 3 centimetres of base portions, used hormone is ABT root-inducing powder, root-growing agent, and soaking concentration is 50PPM-200PPM, and soak time is 10 minutes to 1 hour; And matrix allotment work according to the experimental result of beforehand research, is selected 1/2 peat+1/2 agriculture and forestry organic waste material+4 ‰ composite fertilizers for use, in fact according to field condition, can produce the culture matrix of 1/2 peat+1/2 charring rice husk+4 ‰ composite fertilizers in the allotment workshop; At the mesh bag workshop, by the production of machinery mesh bag, then with its abundant soaking disinfection, load the culture matrix of having produced in the mesh bag after sterilization, after in water, soaking again, deliver to the base material mesh bag that is cut into per 10 centimetre of one segment length on the segment cutter, the cutting dress of then HORMONE TREATMENT being crossed injects in the base material mesh bag; The base material mesh bag that will have cutting is delivered to slotting machine, according to the beforehand research experimental result, will transplant a cutting base material mesh bag with the cutting density of 3 * 3cm or 4 * 4cm or 5 * 5cm and be placed on the slotting machine; Then carry out slotting machine full exposure spraying management, according to beforehand research experimental result regulation and control slotting machine temperature, make the substrate temperature in the cutting mesh bag remain at 20 ℃～25 ℃, spraying apparatus on the regulation and control slotting machine makes the fog in the cutting can not form runoff always and is as the criterion, management is 50-60 days like this, treats that the stable nursery stock soon of rooting of cuttings more than 90% moves to field management; The nursery stock that takes root is practised austerities the technology of being completely cured in big field by air and carries out hardening, the 2nd year afforestation of can going up a hill.
In cuttage and seedling culture method of the present invention, the selection of the selection of the allotment selection of culture matrix, the selection of plugged ear, cutting density, cutting medium temperature and humidity control is a foundation with the beforehand research experimental result all, below each tabulation provided these relevant technical data.
The situation unit of taking root of different elite stand ages of different seeds and plugged ear: cm, year
| Seeds | With the tree age | The cuttage number | The number of taking root | Rooting rate | Root is long | The root amount |
| Balfour spruce | ?3 | ?10000 | ?9620 | ?96.2％ | 8.96 | ?7.2 |
| ?4 | ?10000 | ?9080 | ?90.8％ | 7.58 | ?11.2 | |
| ?7 | ?10000 | ?8800 | ?88％ | 7.65 | ?9.7 | |
| ?19 | ?10000 | ?3400 | ?34％ | 8.7 | ?2.5 | |
| Lijing | ?3 | ?8000 | ?7416 | ?92.7％ | 8.16 | ?6.9 |
| ?4 | ?8000 | ?7720 | ?96.5％ | 7.58 | ?6.4 | |
| Dragon spruce | ?7 | ?8000 | ?6736 | ?84.2％ | 7.12 | ?5.7 |
| ?19 | ?8000 | ?3032 | ?37.9％ | 5.16 | ?3.3 | |
| Thick branch dragon spruce | ?3 | ?5000 | ?4460 | ?89.2％ | 8.57 | ?7.2 |
| ?4 | ?5000 | ?4405 | ?88.1％ | 7.56 | ?6.8 | |
| ?7 | ?5000 | ?3795 | ?75.9％ | 6.19 | ?6.3 | |
| ?19 | ?5000 | ?1810 | ?36.2％ | 3.52 | ?4.2 |
Different seeds, check experiment under the conditions such as identical matrix, HORMONE TREATMENT, mean temperature, density configuration.
From the situation of taking root of three kinds of seeds, the situation of taking root of balfour spruce than other two kinds better.On age, the rooting rate of the age side shoot cuttage of getting on the elite stand of life in 3～4 years is higher from elite stand, and on 19 years breeder mother trees one age side shoot be fringe, rooting rate has only 30～40%.From the growth of root, the length of root width of cloth difference is little, but on the root amount, and the little plugged ear root amount of the age of tree is greater than the big plugged ear root amount of the age of tree, the many and very difficult root of hair of the material that the older inhibition cuttage rooting of elite stand be described.Therefore, carry out young age that the dragon spruce cuttage preferably selects life in 3～7 years on the elite stand one age side shoot.
2, the relation of taking root of substrate temperature and plugged ear.
The mean temperature unit of different seeds matrix: ℃
The cuttage substrate temperature of three kinds of seeds reaches 20 ℃～25 ℃ and can take root, and the situation of taking root does not have tangible difference.
3, the relation of taking root of different seeds different substrates and plugged ear.
The take root situation unit of plugged ear on different substrates: cm, individual
With 4 years breeder mother set one age side shoot be the relation of taking root that example is seen its fringe and matrix.Last table finding, three kinds of tree kind of cuttages on the matrix of different proportion configuration, its rooting rate has certain difference, and the balfour spruce performance is better.On four kinds of proportional arrangement of matrix, first three kind can both be taken root, and the difference of rooting rate is bigger, should first kind＞second kind＞three kinds＞the 4th kind (failure).As can be seen, not add other matrix be fully not all right to peat.
| Seeds | The matrix configuration | The root amount | Root is long | Rooting rate |
| Balfour spruce | Peat 1/2, charring rice husk 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????10.4 | ????8.25 | ??92.7％ |
| Peat 1/2, bark 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????9.8 | ????8.18 | ??91.5％ | |
| Peat 1/2, sawdust 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????8.7 | ????7.5 | ???45％ | |
| Peat+4 ‰ composite fertilizers | Failure | |||
| Lijiang spruce | Peat 1/2, charring rice husk 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????9.2 | ????8.12 | ??93.1％ |
| Peat 1/2, bark 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????85 | ????7.96 | ??87.2％ | |
| Peat 1/2, sawdust 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????7.6 | ????6.4 | ??36.9％ |
| Peat+4 ‰ composite fertilizers | Failure | |||
| Thick branch dragon spruce | Peat 1/2, charring rice husk 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????9.1 | ????7.5 | ????89％ |
| Peat 1/2, bark 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????8.2 | ????7.3 | ????78％ | |
| Peat 1/2, sawdust 1/2,4 ‰ composite fertilizer | ????7.3 | ????6.7 | ??35.1％ | |
| Peat+4 ‰ composite fertilizers | Failure |
Long from the root amount and the root width of cloth, the mixed-matrix of 1/2 peat+1/2 charring rice husk+4 ‰ composite fertilizers contains abundant natural nutrition composition, and it is required to remedy root growth, promotes growing of root system.This matrix is desirable matrix.4, the relation of taking root of different HORMONE TREATMENT of different seeds and plugged ear
Difference HORMONE TREATMENT cuttage rooting situation unit: cm. .%
| Seeds | Elite stand age | ?????????????ABT200PPM | Root-growing agent 200PPM | CK (water) | ||||||
| Rooting rate | The root amount | Root is long | Rooting rate | The root amount | Root is long | Rooting rate | The root amount | Root is long | ||
| Use western dragon spruce | ????4 | ????94.2 | ????11.2 | ????12.1 | ????89.1 | ????9.2 | ????11.8 | ????89.2 | ????11.0 | ????11.8 |
| ????7 | ????87.9 | ????10.8 | ????9.86 | ????78.2 | ????7.8 | ????8.5 | ????78.9 | ????9.7 | ????9.2 | |
| ????19 | ????45.2 | ????8.4 | ????2.7 | ????32.4 | ????5.6 | ????2.5 | ????36.7 | ????2.5 | ????8.7 | |
| Lijiang spruce | ????4 | ????90.8 | ????10.9 | ????11.2 | ????86.3 | ????9.4 | ????11.6 | ????86.4 | ????10.7 | ????10.8 |
| ????7 | ????85.8 | ????9.65 | ????8.59 | ????80.5 | ????8.9 | ????8.2 | ????75.6 | ????9.3 | ????7.8 | |
| ????19 | ????44.3 | ????7.52 | ????2.5 | ????31.6 | ????5.8 | ????2.6 | ????32.3 | ????2.7 | ????8.6 | |
| Thick branch dragon spruce | ????4 | ????89.2 | ????10.4 | ????8.5 | ????80.7 | ????7.8 | ????8.0 | ????83.2 | ????9.4 | ????8.3 |
| ????7 | ????67.8 | ????9.4 | ????7.6 | ????61.2 | ????8.0 | ????7.1 | ????56.4 | ????8.8 | ????7.7 | |
| ????19 | ????36.7 | ????6.7 | ????3.5 | ????30.8 | ????6.1 | ????2.9 | ????29.7 | ????3.8 | ????2.3 | |
From last table finding: hormone ABT, root-growing agent is handled side shoot plugged ear below 4 years, difference is little, minimum rooting rate can reach 80.7%, from the root ABT200PPM＞root-growing agent 200PPM＞CK that takes temperature, if it can be said that bright balfour spruce, lijiang spruce and the thick branch dragon spruce cuttage of carrying out, selecting the branch on the following children of lifes in the 4 years elite stand in age for use is that plugged ear can be without HORMONE TREATMENT, and cuttage can obtain effect preferably on the temperature that suits, humidity and desirable matrix.
Select for use on 19 years elite stands one age branch be plugged ear, the cuttage effect was preferable after cuttage was handled half an hour with the concentration of ABT200PPM on the matrix.
5, the relation of taking root of different seeds plugged ears and cutting density.
Difference seeds different densities cuttage rooting situation unit: cm.%
More than 4 years living treelet side shoots in one age be plugged ear, with 1/2 peat+1/2 charring rice husk, 4 ‰ composite fertilizers are matrix, after employing ABT200PPM handles half an hour, carry out cuttage with 3 * 3cm, 4 * 4cm, 5 * 5cm density respectively, its density size is irrelevant with the rooting of cuttings rate.Be mainly how many plugged ear idiotrophic and obstruction internal substances of taking root decides.From the development degree of root system, the length of root, reduce with the increase of density, so density should be smaller when the dragon spruce cuttage, ventilative like this, good water permeability help promoting growing and the growth of cuttage seeding of root system.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region is characterized in that: set up dragon spruce cutting orchard, slotting machine, mesh bag workshop, matrix allotment workshop; Make the required culture matrix of cuttage by matrix allotment workshop; Produce mesh bag by the mesh bag workshop in order to the splendid attire cutting medium, mesh bag places water to soak through soaking disinfection, splendid attire culture matrix more then, and the containers size of the mesh bag of matrix according to the needs of growing seedlings will be housed after will soaking, the section of being cut on segment cutter is called the matrix bag; In the preferred cuttage of dragon spruce cutting orchard dragon spruce plugged ear, soak through repairing to be placed in hormone or the root-growing agent solution after bar is handled, cutting after the HORMONE TREATMENT is inserted in the matrix bag of having got ready, then by the density requirements that designs, the matrix bag of will transplanting a cutting is placed on the slotting machine, again this slotting machine being carried out full exposure spraying management, wait to transplant a cutting all to take root moving to the land for growing field crops Routine Management after stable, is extensible afforestation after the hardening air is completely cured.
2, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the used matrix of cuttage is the composite fertilizer of the agricultural discarded object in 1/2 peat+1/2+4 ‰.
3, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dragon spruce plugged ear that cuttage is used, the young age that is selected from that 3-7 gives birth on the dragon spruce tree one age side shoot.
4, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the used plugged ear of cuttage was soaked 10-60 minute with ABT root-inducing powder or root-growing agent 50-200ppmm, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT.
5, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on slotting machine, the density that lays that dragon spruce is transplanted a cutting is elected as: 3 * 3cm or 4 * 4cm or 5 * 5cm.
6, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slotting machine that is covered with cutting matrix bag is carried out in the full exposure spraying management process, the temperature of cutting matrix is at 20 ℃～25 ℃ in the control matrix bag, atomizing humidity on the control slotting machine is not as the criterion not form runoff on transplanting a cutting, in this full exposure spraying environment, managed 50-60 days, and made the dragon spruce rooting of cuttings rate in the matrix bag surpass 90%.
7, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the used matrix of cuttage is preferably 1/2 peat+1/2 charring rice husk+4 ‰ composite fertilizers.
8, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the used matrix of cuttage is elected 1/2 peat+1/2 bark+4 ‰ composite fertilizers as.
9, according to the described industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the dragon spruce plugged ear that cuttage is used, preferably give birth to children's dragon spruce side shoot in one age in age from 3-4.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107473800A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-15 | 句容市茅山聚福园林有限公司 | A kind of L. styraciflua PVC root promoting container seedling mediums and preparation method thereof |
| CN111713281A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-29 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Cuttage rapid propagation method for picea asperata |
| CN115039582A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Method for raising spruce twig by cutting |
-
2002
- 2002-08-27 CN CNA021336644A patent/CN1478377A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107473800A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-15 | 句容市茅山聚福园林有限公司 | A kind of L. styraciflua PVC root promoting container seedling mediums and preparation method thereof |
| CN111713281A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-29 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Cuttage rapid propagation method for picea asperata |
| CN111713281B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-03-04 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Cuttage rapid propagation method for picea asperata |
| CN115039582A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Method for raising spruce twig by cutting |
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