CN1461876A - Large superchared explosive motor - Google Patents
Large superchared explosive motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1461876A CN1461876A CN03136910A CN03136910A CN1461876A CN 1461876 A CN1461876 A CN 1461876A CN 03136910 A CN03136910 A CN 03136910A CN 03136910 A CN03136910 A CN 03136910A CN 1461876 A CN1461876 A CN 1461876A
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PIRWNASAJNPKHT-SHZATDIYSA-N pamp Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PIRWNASAJNPKHT-SHZATDIYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 and therefore Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The large internal combustion engine with a super charger comprises a turbocharger having a turbine driven by an exhaust gas, and a compressor driven by the turbine for supplying supply air to a cylinder of the engine. The engine is further provided with a humidification unit (12) for raising an absolute humidity of the supply air by humidifying the supply air. Part of the exhaust gas is branched upstream of the turbine and guided to an output consumption device. One or a plurality of the humidification units may be water tanks (40 and 41) through which bubbles of the gas to be humidified are made to pass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large internal combustion engine with supercharger, for example the master motor on the ship comprises a turbosupercharger and a compressor that is driven and charged into to the engine cylinder supply air by turbine that has an exhaust gas-driven turbine.Motor also comprises a cooling unit, cools off the gas that is charged into by the injection of water.
Background technique
For example world patent WO-9 429 579, disclose a kind of large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor, and it has one and transmits to engine cylinder and to charge into air and the compressor that purifies air and cooling cooler from the air of compressor.Cooler turns round by airborne water pressure is atomized.This cooler comprises a plurality of continuous sprayer parts and a drop collection part, and this drop is collected part and separated from the water droplet that may supply with at least two air between the sprayers part.Temperature is that the water injection of ambient temperature advances in the air stream, and the temperature that will charge into air drops to low as far as possible.In this piece document, the purpose of the airborne water of pressure atomization is the cooler of intake system design for a large two-stroke explosive motor that has the high big cooling capacity of efficient, and this point is reliably, and seldom needs repairing.
World patent WO-9 429 587 discloses a kind of large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor, wherein, waste gas from the high pressure side of turbine to the gas charging system recirculation of motor.Motor is when using heavy oil to make fuel, and it produces a large amount of comburants, and these comburants are harmful to for the engine components that contacts with waste gas.The waste gas of heavily contaminated can not carry out recirculation simply, because responsive engine section can be damaged.Therefore at least a portion of the waste gas of recirculation is 100% by humidification to relative moisture substantially.This has reduced the amount of unwanted combustion thing, and has reduced the amount of the NOx that is produced by comburant.Using the purpose of air wetting unit in this piece document is to make the waste gas in the large supercharged diesel engine come recirculation in such a way, and motor keeps efficient and long lifetime for engine components.
To drop to about 37 ℃ and absolute humidity be to turn round under 4 to 12g the environment in the quality of every kg water in air to motor in these typical prior art charging into air.
In the art, in general, turbogenerator charges at low temperature that running is favourable under the environment of air, because this has a high combustion efficiency and motor is produced lower thermal load.
The general objects of using humidifying unit in the prior art is a clean air from impurity.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of large combustion engine, the efficiency of its integral body improves.This purpose is to be realized by the boosting explosive motor that claim 1 is described, comprise that a turbosupercharger that has an exhaust gas-driven turbine and one are by turbine drives and charge into the compressor of air to the cylinder supply, waste gas duct is guided to turbine and one with waste gas from cylinder and is cooled off the cooling unit that charges into air by the water that injects.The running of cooling unit obtains the air that charges into of high absolute humidity and relative high temperature, and an auxiliary turbine is driven by the waste gas that comes from the waste gas duct shunting.
Motor can turn round under the situation with respect to traditional motor increase in temperature that charges into air and absolute humidity.Therefore the energy capacity of integral body that charges into air is higher than conventional engines.The temperature and the absolute humidity increase that charge into air are not to be cooled because of the air from compressor, that is to say that temperature is low to certain degree, but does not have energy to lose from charge into air.Charge into airborne energy on the contrary and stored, perhaps energy is injected into to charge into to be added in the air by the water that will control temperature and charges in the air.Preferably, the projecting environment of the temperature of the water of injection.
The mass flow ratio of waste gas is what roughly to be subjected to by the influence of the increase of the absolute humidity that charges into air, and therefore, the energy capacity of off-gas flows is compared with traditional mobility status to be increased.Additional energy can rather than be used for driving turbine as other purposes.Therefore the part of waste gas is shunted out, and is used for driving an auxiliary turbine, and main simultaneously turbine still receives sufficient energy.Therefore the energy output of motor integral body increase, and motor but uses the fuel of roughly the same quantity simultaneously.This point is possible, because the discarded energy of motor, that is, the energy with low radiation instinct is added to and is injected in the water that charges into air, therefore these discarded energy change into the energy with high radiation instinct, and it can shunt from exhaust flow.
The energy that is used for heating the water that will inject can obtain from the low-quality energy, for example, has the energy of low relatively radiation instinct.The energy with low radiation instinct generally can be from a motor on every side with waste gas, and forms such as (sheath) cooling liquid obtain.
In fact the energy that is used for heating the water that will inject is added into air-flow (under the form with the temperature and humidity of the increase that charges into air), and can be used as the energy recovery with high radiation instinct.The part of the exhaust flow by shunting turbine upstream is carried out energy recovery, and promptly the form with energy with high radiation instinct reclaims.Because the increase of the integral energy capacity in the exhaust flow can realize in the amount of the common available energy that does not reduce turbine.
Therefore, need not cool off, simultaneously the gas that charges into of humidification and in charging into air, add " discard " energy, the capacity of the as a result of extra energy in off-gas flows can be shunted, so the increase of the energy efficiency of the integral body of motor.Be considered to discard, the energy with low radiation instinct can be used as having high energy recovery of radiating instinct by shunting more energy from off-gas flows.Therefore, the energy efficiency of the integral body of motor increases.
Use the main purpose of a humidifying unit to be in the present invention, opposite with prior art, design has a cooler, and it adds energy to and charges in the air, does not have of the prior artly to take away the cooler of energy from charging into air.The temperature that the cooler that uses will charge into air is controlled at a high relatively level, makes it contain a large amount of water vapour,, obtains having the air that charges into of energy capacity that is.
Therefore the present invention has overcome a prejudice, that is, it is generally acknowledged, in order to reduce the thermal load that is added on the motor, the turbosupercharger motor low temperature to charge under the air running be desirable because cold charge into the advantage that air has the efficient of the combustion process that improves motor slightly.Also have, charging under the high absolute humidity of air, because the level of NOx, the quality of waste gas increases.
The energy that additionally obtains in exhaust flow is sent to an energy consumption body.This energy consumption body can with link to each other as turbine:
A generator,
The hydraulic pamp of a supply engine hydraulic pressure system, or
An exhaust gas recirculation gas fan,
The exhausted air quantity that distributes from the energy consumption body can be regulated according to the operating condition of motor, as being regulated by the flow regulator that changes.
Humidifying unit is a flusher that has a plurality of sprayer sections preferably.The pressure atomization of airborne water may be sprayed airborne a large amount of water, and therefore, air can be become the full state that closes by humidification effectively.On one section very short air-flow length, flusher can be with a large amount of water atomizations to charging in the air, and this point is very important for the humidity of the required abundance that obtains roughly 100% relative moisture.The amount of closing the airborne water of state in humidity-full increases along with the rising of temperature is index.The absolute humidity of available air mainly depends on the temperature that charges into air, in order to make the absolute humidity maximum, does not have energy to be pulled away when charging into the sky body by humidifying unit.Therefore obtain leaving the air that charges into of high temperature and the high absolute water content of humidifying unit.Leave the temperature that charges into air of humidifying unit and therefore can measure, and this temperature correspondingly can be regulated with the amount of the water that may will be atomized.Therefore, leaving the temperature that charges into air of humidifying unit and the absolute humidity of ensuing same air can be controlled.
The state of one or more Upstream sections can be supplied with relative turbid water, the relative clear water passable as the state in seawater and one or more downstreams.
The absolute humidity that charges into air in the outlet port of humidifying unit can be controlled between 10 to 120g/kg.The temperature that charges into air in the outlet port of humidifying unit can be controlled between 37 ℃ to 85 ℃.
Motor can be four-stroke or two-stroke.
Must use a large amount of water to come the gas that charges into is carried out humidification.The consumption of engine water is four times of consumption of fuel.In output power is 25, and in the big-and-middle-sized diesel engine of 000kw, per hour the amount of the water of Xiao Haoing is the 12-17 ton.On the deck of ship, or in the beach or the power station in nearly river, the water that such quantity is provided is out of question.
Motor also can have an exhaust gas recirculation conduit, preferably comprises one second humidifying unit.Second humidifying unit can be a tank, becomes bubble by its waste gas.By exhaust gas recirculation, can also increase the efficient of motor.The waste gas of recirculation can be by humidification in an independent humidifying unit.
Another target of the present invention is that a kind of method of controlling the operating condition of large internal combustion engine with supercharger is provided.This target realizes by the described method of claim 12, the method of the operating condition of control large internal combustion engine with supercharger, comprise: turbosupercharger that has an exhaust gas-driven turbine and one are by described turbo-driven compressor, and charge into air to the engine cylinder supply, by using a humidifying unit to come the water humidification to charge into air, may further comprise the steps:
Water joined charge in the air, in described humidifying unit and
The absolute humidity that charges into air of described humidifying unit is left in control.
Motor can be four-stroke or two-stroke.
The operating condition of motor further can be controlled by following steps: the part of the exhaust flow of shunting turbine upstream, therefore the energy that is included in the waste gas of being shunted preferably develops by an energy consumption body, as an auxiliary turbine.
The operating condition of motor therefore can be by being controlled in a big scope point.The selection of operating condition depends on environment temperature and humidity, the thermal force of motor, quality of required waste gas or the like.The temperature and humidity of the gas that charges into can change, and can be between the operating condition of traditional low temperature and low humidity degree and any value between maximum temperature and the high absolute humidity operating condition.Under low temperature and low absolute humidity, as obtaining the low thermal force of motor.Under high temperature and high absolute humidity, can obtain higher whole efficiency, this is because the waste energy that is used for cooling off reduces and the low radiation instinct energy that has of " discarding " is recovered as the energy with high radiation instinct.
Leaving the absolute humidity of the air of humidifying unit can control by the temperature that the air of the temperature that charges into airborne water and/or the upstream by regulating described compressor is added in adjusting to.
The energy that is included in the part that waste gas distributes can reach 15% of total energy that exhaust flow comprises.
Another target of the present invention provides a kind of large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor, and it has a novel apparatus, and described novel apparatus humidification charges into air and/or recycle gas.This target realizes explosive motor by the described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor of claim 20, comprise that having one increases device and one by the turbine of exhaust gas-driven turbine and charge into air by turbo-driven compressor to the engine cylinder supply, described motor preferably includes an exhaust gas recirculation circuit, water comes humidification to charge into a humidifying unit of air and/or a humidifying unit of humidification recycle gas, therefore, described humidifying unit comprises at least one tank, and the gas of humidification is by this tank.By making the gas of wanting humidification by this tank, gas is by humidification, and tank is as an effective noise barrier.The major part of the noise that this motor produces is from compressor.Place a noise barrier by form in charging into air delivery pipe, just hindered by charging into the noise of air to the other parts transmission of motor with tank.
Gas that will humidification can be sent to a point that is lower than a space, and described space is filled with water at least in part by a downward direct transport tube.
Described space segment be filled with water, can on a downward direction, define by a fluid restricting means, preferably on a direction that makes progress, define simultaneously, described fluid restricting means is in pressure drop of the out-of-date generation of air communication, described fluid restricting means be a screen or a perforated metal plate.
The fluid restricting means can comprise a plurality of holes, in order to form a large amount of bubbles, the gas of humidification to pass these holes, and described a large amount of bubble passes the water in the space that described part is filled with water.
Tank can comprise a water inlet and a drain opening, and described water inlet supplies water to the space that described part is filled with water, and described drain opening is filled with the space draining of water from described part.
From air, divide dried up device can be installed in the downstream that described part is filled with the space of water.
The injection apparatus of water-spraying can be installed in the upstream that described part is filled with the space of water from will the gas of humidification.
The installation of can contacting of a plurality of tanks.
The relative turbid water of one or more tanks of upstream can be supplied with,, the clear relatively water of one or more tanks in downstream can be supplied with as seawater.
The target of other of motor, feature, the method for the operating condition of advantage and characteristic and control motor will be described in detail below.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings the present invention is carried out detailed explanation and explanation:
Fig. 1,2,3 and 4 is according to the suction of an explosive motor of the present invention and four kinds of different embodiments' of the system of discharge schematic illustration; With
Fig. 5 is the schematic representation of a preferred embodiment that EGR gas is carried out the device of humidification.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed explaining.With reference to Fig. 1, shown large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor is generally by reference character 1 expression.Motor 1 has one to charge into air receiver 2 and a waste gas receiver 3, belongs to the firing chamber by the outlet valve of reference character 4 indications.Motor can for example can be used as be on the ship master motor or as being the stationary engine that starts generator in power station.Total output work of motor for example, is a scope from 5,000 to 70,000KW, but the present invention can be used in output work, for example, is 1, in the four stroke engine of 000KW.
Charge into air and fill into the air purification part of independent cylinder from charging into air receiver 2.When outlet valve 4 was opened, exhaust flow passed waste gas duct and arrives waste gas receiver 3 and pass the turbine 6 that a traditional waste gas duct 5 arrives a turbosupercharger inwards, discharged by exhaust manifolds 7 from exhaust flow here.By an axle 8, turbine 6 drives a compressor 9, and compressor 9 is supplied air by an air inlet 10.The air that enters can enter air heater 33 by one and heat, and preferably uses a kind of waste heat source, and for example, cooling liquid comes the air that enters is heated.Compressor 9 will atomize charges into air and is sent to one and charges into air conduit 11, charges into air conduit 11 and is passed into and charges into air receiver 2.
Suction air in the conduit 11 passes a humidifier 12, and humidifier 12 has three sprayer section 13-15 in illustrated embodiment.In first section 13, heat the water of available run-of-the-mill, as seawater, pass a plurality of roses that a pipe 17 arrives humidification and purified gases.For suitable excessive water is arranged, there is not particulate like this: from gas, be settled out as the salt in the water or other impurity.In second section 14, the water of supplying with by a pipe 18 is atomized in charging into air.Same, in the 3rd section 15, the fresh water of supplying with by a pipe 19 is atomized in charging into air.The temperature of the water of supplying with in each section is controlled according to charging into the required temperature and humidity of air.The end of each section 13,14,15 comprises a drip collector, and described drip collector separation is suspended in the drop in the gas and contains from charging into airborne pollutant.Can be in cooler use section still less.The quantity of section in other thing, adapts with the output of motor.
Supply with the seawater and the fresh water of rose, utilize the thermal source of a kind of " discarding " to cool off or heat by a thermoconverter 34.The thermal source of " discarding " can, for example, be engine cooling water 35.In addition, the water of supplying with humidifying unit 12 can utilize waste gas to come preheating by a thermoconverter 38, as shown in Figure 2.The feature of heat exchanger can be selected, thereby makes the water vapour in the waste gas concentrate, and therefore can be recovered.
Leaving the absolute humidity that charges into air and the temperature of humidifier can pass through to control the temperature of the water in each section 13,14,15 of supplying with in the humidifier 12 respectively and/or control the temperature that enters air by a heater 33 and control.
In the outlet of flusher 12, the temperature of air is measured by battery 39, and sends a signal to the control unit (not shown).Control unit compares the temperature that records and the temperature of required (presetting).Do not conform to the value of being scheduled to if leave the temperature of the air of flusher 12, in order to eliminate the temperature difference, control unit is regulated the temperature of the water of the different sections that are supplied to flusher 12.
The temperature of the water of supply nozzle is controlled, ought charge into air like this and leave the absolute humidity that humidifying unit just can obtain the humidity of required air.In order to realize required engine operating status, select required value according to environment, it can, for example, be the absolute humidity that charges into the maximum of air, or be added in the minimum thermal load on the motor, or be positioned between the two.
The air of humidification passes an auxiliary gas fan 16 that is driven by a motor 20, and to charging into the air stream supercharging under the partial load state, and the cylinder that passes motor transmits waste gas duct 5, and waste gas duct 5 leads to the turbine 6 of turbocompressor 8.A conduit 24 comes out from waste gas duct 5 top sets of the upstream of turbine 6.Described conduit 24 links to each other with the auxiliary turbine 26 of a driving generator 27.Therefore the energy of supplying with exhaust flow is transformed into electric energy, for example, has the energy of high radiation instinct.The amount of the waste gas that comes out from the shunting of auxiliary turbine 26 may be regulated by a changeable flow regulator 25 that is positioned at conduit 24.
Another kind of form, auxiliary turbine 26 (not shown) that can link to each other with a hydraulic pamp.(not shown) in other form, the gas fan 30 that auxiliary turbine 26 drives in the exhaust gas recirculation conduit 28.
Auxiliary turbine can replace with the energy consumption body of the gas-powered of other form, for example, and any positive displacement or on-positive displacement machine or motor.
According to another preferred embodiment shown in Figure 3, motor uses EGR gas.A recycling pipe 28 comes out from waste gas duct 5 top sets, and with charge into air conduit 11 and link to each other, therefore, recycling pipe forms a recirculation line with the part of intake system, and intake system is the downstream of the attachment portion of the conduit 28 that links to each other with conduit 11.
A flusher 29 is inserted in the recycling pipe 28, comes water humidification and purifying waste gas.Warm water is supplied with flusher 29 from heat exchanger 34.The gas that comes out from flusher 29 leads to a gas fan 30 that is driven by a motor 31.Even waste gas turns in the high pressure side of turbine 6, gas fan 30 is necessary for these waste gas superchargings, reaches than the high stress level of the pressure that charges into air in the conduit 11.Although have pressure ratio between the suction side of motor and the discharge side, gas fan 30 makes recirculation become possibility, this means that recirculation all may be carried out under any required engine load.The waste gas of recirculation can, as shown in the figure, be directed into humidifier 12 the upstream conduit 11 or may be directed to the conduit 11 in the downstream of humidifying unit 12 (not shown)s.
If the waste gas of recirculation is directed into the upstream of humidifier 12,, just may use the high speed that charges into air from compressor to partially absorb EGR gas at least by use spraying and the Venturi tube effect.In this case, there is not or have only a little waste gas gas fan just may realize the recirculation of waste gas.
Replace atomizing humidifier 12,19, can use a humidifier that comprises at least one tank 40,41 (as shown in Figure 5), waste gas becomes bubble by it.It also has an advantage, and the water in tank also can play the effect of noise barrier.In the required warm relatively temperature range of relative cold-peace that is positioned at, heat exchanger 34 is that such tank 40,41 supplies water.Humidifier 12,29 can have one or more sections, and this depends on the purifying and the humidification degree of waste gas, and humidifier 12,29 can combine with a plurality of atomizing humidifiers.
Example 1
Below case description the operation mode of the flusher in engine apparatus, herein, recycle gas is purified and humidification in a humidifier 29, all charge into air in two sections humidifiers 12 by humidification.Can select the operating condition of motor, so that the energy of maximum flow is shunted, for simplicity, be based on motor in full load from exhaust flow, input work is 25, and 000KW is to calculate under the 360Kpa with the nominal pressure that charges into air.
Motor turns round under 100% load, and the temperature of surrounding atmosphere is 25 ℃, and relative moisture is 30%, this means that sucking air will comprise about 6g water/kg air.The air consumption of motor is approximately 55kg/s.Through behind the compressor 9, the temperature of air is T1=190 ℃, and relative moisture is 0.25%.
In first humidifying segment 13, be approximately the water of supplying with the flow of rose 13l/s under 70 ℃ the temperature.Preferably the energy (promptly radiating the low energy of instinct) by using " discarding " is as engine coolant, and the energy of engine exhaust or other " discarding " obtains the temperature of desired water.Air wetting is 90% when above to relative moisture, is 85 ℃ in dry temperature, waits until that like this air absolute humidity is 110g/kd.At the air of emitting from first section of washing away, the air major part of any salinity is purified.
In second humidification and the section of washing away 14, the fresh water by rose ejection 50l/s in temperature is 100 to 150 ℃ scope (preferably by in the use waste gas " discard " and energy obtain).The temperature of air remains on about 85 ℃, and therefore 100% humidity-full absolute humidity that closes air is about 120g water/kg air.
If in conduit 28, use an independent flusher 29 to come the waste gas of purifying recirculation proper, in purifying, the waste gas humidification is arrived about 100% relative moisture, temperature is approximately 110 ℃.
The temperature of leaving the air of flusher is approximately 85 ℃, and absolute humidity is 120g/kg.With traditional temperature be 37 ℃, absolute humidity is that the air that charges into of 6g/kg is compared, this can cause that the energy that is included in the exhaust flow increases by 30%, this correspondingly increases 16500KW for motor of selecting.This traditional 16500KW makes 16% exhaust flow to shunt from waste gas duct 5, and is sent to auxiliary turbine 26.Other all condition is identical, will use the energy of same amount with the form of fuel in traditional motor.Therefore, when the extra power of the energy input 1675KW that assists turbine to be increased slightly, can cause that oil consumption rate (SFOC) increases by 4%.Example 2
This example has shown selects the possibility of the operating condition of motor under the situation of the low thermal force of motor.With the condition of as above identical ambient condition and engine load under, it is 30 ℃ that rose in first section of washing away 12 is supplied with temperature, flow is at least the seawater of 20l/s, therefore, by evaporate change charge into air temperature to being approximately T1=75 ℃, humidification is approximately 90% to relative temperature, and absolute humidity reaches the level of about 65g/kg.
In second section of washing away 13, supplying with has temperature to be approximately 30 ℃, and flow is the water of 60l/s.This will charge into air cooling and be approximately 37 ℃ to temperature, be approximately 11g/kg at the 100% full absolute humidity that closes the air under the gas.
Therefore, can realize that the low thermal force of motor is set, for example, be used in when the heat overload signal of motor occurring.Example 3
This example has shown that at motor be the possibility that middle heat is selected the operating condition of motor when carrying.With the condition of as above identical ambient condition and engine load under, it is 50 ℃ that the rose in the first flusher section 12 is supplied with temperature, flow is approximately the seawater of 13l/s.This temperature change that will charge into air charges into air simultaneously and is arrived about 80% relative moisture by humidification to about 75 ℃.Therefore kelvin temperature reach the level of about 59g/kg.
In the second flusher section 13, supplying with has temperature to be approximately 76 ℃, and flow is the water of 50l/s.This temperature change that will charge into air is approximately 76g/kg to being approximately 75 ℃ at the 100% full absolute humidity that closes the air under the gas.
Therefore, can realize that the middle thermal force of motor is set, motor is reducing that NOx distributes and the amount of the energy that shunting is come out from exhaust flow is less than under the situation of the amount in the example 1 and can turns round.
With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, another embodiment of the present invention.Motor 1 has one to charge into air receiver 2 and a waste gas receiver 3, and the outlet valve that is referred to by reference character 4 belongs to the firing chamber.Charge into air through charging into the purification gas port of the independent cylinder of air receiver 2 arrival.When outlet valve 4 was opened, exhaust flow arrived waste gas receiver 3 through inflating catheter, and passed the turbine 6 that a traditional waste gas duct 5 arrives a turbosupercharger forward, crossed a waste gas duct 7 from exhaust flow here and discharged.By an axle 8, turbine 6 drives a compressor 9 by a suction port 10.The air that enters may heat by an air intake heater 33, preferably uses waste heat source, heats as cooling liquid to enter air.Compressor 9 is to leading to an air that charges into that charges into air conduit 11 transmission atomizings that charges into air receiver 2.Inhaled air in the conduit 11 passes a humidifier 12 ' that has two tank sections 40,41.
Motor can comprise an exhaust gas recirculation conduit.In this case, a recycling pipe 28 comes out from waste gas duct 5 branches, and with charge into air conduit 11 and link to each other, so recycling pipe and intake system partly form a recirculation line, intake system is the downstream to the attachment portion of the conduit 28 of conduit 11.Waste gas gas fan 30 that is driven by a motor 31 can be installed in and promote recycle gas in the conduit 28 and flow to and charge into air conduit 11.Recycle gas is through having a humidifier 29 ' of two tank sections 40,41.
Structure with humidifier 29 ' on the structure principle of humidifier 12 ' is identical.Therefore, the details of the structure of humidifying unit 12 ', 29 ' can be come together with reference to Fig. 5.Show two sections humidifying unit herein.These two sections are interconnected by conduit 50.Humidifying unit can comprise more section or have only a section.And, the humidifier of tank type and the humidifier of a sparger type can be combined.Each section comprises that has a seat 44,44 ' that is filled with the space 42,42 ' of water to small part.Conduit 43,43 ' is sent to the air that will charge in the seat 44,44 ', arrives some place be lower than space 42,42 '.Space 42,42 ' is positioned at described seat, and is filled with water at least in part.Water is by 47, the 47 ' supply of an inlet, discharges by an outlet 48,48 '.Preferably, water is without interruption, discharges more continuously.Preferably, the humidity of the water in supply space 42,42 ' is controlled.Space 42,42 ' is limited by seat, and 46,46 ' and lower limit 45,45 ' of a upper limit arranged.Boundary 45,45 ', 46,46 ' forms one produces the flow restriction that a pressure descends.Boundary 45 has a lot of holes on 45 ', 46,46 ', by these holes, will be passed these turnover spaces 42,42 ', holes by the gas of humidification.When gas passes lower limit 45,45 ', form a large amount of bubbles, gas is overflowed from water.Boundary 45,45 ', 46,46 ' can for example be by screen or perforated metal form.
In order further to improve the degree of humidification, pipe 42 can have a spray nozzle 49.
After the section of each humidifying unit, provide a moisture separator (not shown), as a mist eliminator.
Though for the purpose of illustrating, more than the present invention is described in detail, be appreciated that such detailed description just for purposes of illustration, those skilled in the art allows in the various changes that do not depart within the scope of the present invention.
Therefore, the description that the contrast specific embodiment carries out various apparatus and method is just to explanation of the present invention, and these apparatus and method are not unalterable.Do not depart from spirit of the present invention and essence other mode of execution and structure all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (29)
1. large internal combustion engine with supercharger, comprise: turbosupercharger that has an exhaust gas-driven turbine (6) and one are by the turbo-driven compressor (9) that charges into air to the cylinder supply, a waste gas duct (5) is directed to turbine (6) with waste gas from cylinder, cool off the cooling unit (12) that charges into air with one by the water that injects, it is characterized in that:
The running of cooling unit (12) obtain high absolute humidity and relative high temperature charge into air and
One by the exhaust-driven energy consumption body (26) that comes out from waste gas duct (5) shunting.
2. large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the energy consumption body is an auxiliary turbine (26).
3. as claim 2 or 3 described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motors, it is characterized in that: be supplied to the temperature of the water of cooling unit to be higher than ambient temperature.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motors, it is characterized in that: be higher than ambient temperature thereby be supplied to the wasted energy of temperature by motor of the water of cooling unit to raise.
5. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the air that charges into of high humility and relatively-high temperature degree causes the increase that charges into the energy that comprises in the air and waste gas, and the energy that is included in the waste gas of increase is used for driving auxiliary turbine.
6. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: an auxiliary turbine (26) and a generator (27), a hydraulic pamp or an exhaust gas recirculation gas fan coupling, or these combination coupling.
7. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: comprise that also a recirculation line (28) sends part waste gas back to engine cylinder.
8. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: described recirculation line (28) comprises one second humidifying unit (29), preferably the form of a tank (40,41) becomes bubble by its waste gas.
9. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: described recirculation line (28) comprises a conduit, described conduit comes out from exhaust manifolds (5) branch of the upstream of turbine, and the air conduit (28) that charges in the downstream of compressor (9) links to each other, and described conduit (28) links to each other with a gas fan (30) with described second humidifying unit (29); And/or one be positioned at the sparger that of compressor outlet place is used for increasing the pressure of EGR gas.
10. as any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: described cooling unit (12) and/or described second humidifying unit (29) comprise the flusher that has a plurality of water spray device sections and/or comprise tank (40,41), form bubble by described tank (40,41) gas.
11. any described large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor as in the claim 1 to 10 is characterized in that: also comprise the device (33,34) of controlling the absolute humidity that charges into air that leaves cooling unit (12).
12. large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the device that described control charges into the absolute humidity of air comprises device (34), controls by cooling unit (12) and is directed into the temperature that charges into airborne water.
13. the method for the operating condition of an a kind of large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor of control (1), this explosive motor comprises: turbosupercharger that has an exhaust gas-driven turbine (6) and one charge into the compressor (9) of air by what described turbine (6) drove to the engine cylinder supply, a humidifying unit (12) of coming the water humidification to charge into air may further comprise the steps:
Water be added to charge in the air, in described humidifying unit (12), it is characterized in that:
The temperature of the temperature that charges into air in the downstream by measuring humidifying unit and the water that adds according to measured temperature regulation is controlled the absolute humidity that charges into air.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: also comprise the step of shunting a part of waste gas from the upstream of turbine (6), preferably utilize energy in the waste gas that is included in shunting, for example an auxiliary turbine (26) that is used for driving generator by an energy consumption body.
15. one kind as claim 13 or 14 described methods, it is characterized in that: the absolute humidity that charges into air is controlled at any intermediateness between the minimum temperature that charges into air and minimum absolute humidity and maximum temperature and maximum absolute humidity according to surrounding environment.
16. one kind as any described method in the claim 13 to 15, it is characterized in that: comprise that also the absolute humidity that charges into air with humidifying unit (12) downstream is controlled at the step between 11 to 120g/kg.
17. one kind as any described method in the claim 13 to 16, it is characterized in that: comprise that also the temperature that charges into air that will just be in humidifying unit (12) downstream is controlled at the step between 37 ℃ to 85 ℃.
18. one kind as any described method in the claim 13 to 17, it is characterized in that: the energy that is included in the splitter section of waste gas be controlled in the total energy that is included in the exhaust flow 0 to 16% between.
19. one kind as any described method in the claim 13 to 18, it is characterized in that: the waste gas in turbine (6) downstream cools off by a gaseous effluent (38), in order to concentrate and to reclaim the water that is contained in the waste gas, preferably be cooled to below the dewfall point.
20. one kind as any described method in the claim 13 to 19, it is characterized in that: the amount that is diverted to the waste gas of energy consumption body is controlled by a variable flow regulator (25).
21. large supercharged two-stroke explosive motor, comprise that a turbosupercharger that has an exhaust-driven turbine (6) and one charge into the compressor (9) of air by what described turbine (6) drove to the cylinder supply of motor, described motor preferably includes an exhaust gas recirculation circuit, water humidification charges into the humidifier (12 ') of air and/or one and is used for the humidifying unit (29 ') of humidification recycle gas, it is characterized in that: at least one described humidifying unit (12 ', 29 ') comprise one or more tank (40,41,40 ', 41 '), passed described tank (40 by the gas of humidification, 41,40 ', 41 ').
22. motor as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that: described tank (40,41) comprises a seat (44,44 '), described seat (44,44 ') has a space (42 that is filled with water to small part, 42 '), with a pipe (43,43 ') that extends downwards, described pipe (43,43 ') will be sent to described seat (42 by the gas of humidification, 42 ') in, arrive some place that is lower than described space (42,42 ').
23. motor as claimed in claim 22, it is characterized in that: described space (42,42 ') on downward direction by one by lower limit (45,45 ') limit, preferably upwards limiting upward equally by a upper limit (46,46 '), so described (45,45 ', 46,46 ') when air-flow passes, form one and produce the flow restriction that a pressure descends.
24. motor as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that: described lower limit (45,45 ') comprises a plurality of holes, will be passed these holes by the gas of humidification, thereby is forming a large amount of bubbles in the water in the described space (42,42 '),
25. one kind as any one the described motor in the claim 21 to 24, it is characterized in that: described tank (40,41) comprises a water inlet (47,47 ') and a water out (48,48 ') come to provide or discharge water from described space (42,42 ').
26. one kind as any one the described motor in the claim 21 to 25, it is characterized in that: comprise be installed in downstream, described space (42,42 ') from being divided dried up device the gas of humidification.
27. one kind as any one the described motor in the claim 21 to 26, it is characterized in that: comprise with water spray into described space (42) the upstream will be by the device in the humidified gases.
28. one kind as any one the described motor in the claim 21 to 27, it is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of tanks (40,41) that are installed in series.
29. the described motor as claim 28 is characterized in that: one or more tanks of upstream provide relatively than turbid water, and as seawater, one or more tanks in downstream provide more clear water relatively.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200200771 | 2002-05-21 | ||
| DKPA200200771 | 2002-05-21 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100569738A Division CN100400843C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CNB2005100569723A Division CN100365265C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1461876A true CN1461876A (en) | 2003-12-17 |
| CN100447385C CN100447385C (en) | 2008-12-31 |
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Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100569723A Expired - Fee Related CN100365265C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CNB2005100569738A Expired - Fee Related CN100400843C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CNB031369103A Expired - Fee Related CN100447385C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large superchared explosive motor |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100569723A Expired - Fee Related CN100365265C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CNB2005100569738A Expired - Fee Related CN100400843C (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Large internal combustion engine with supercharger |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (4) | JP2003343272A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100720876B1 (en) |
| CN (3) | CN100365265C (en) |
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| CN102787873A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-11-21 | 无锡凯迪增压器配件有限公司 | Pressure stabilizing volute for turbocharger |
| CN103899409A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Double-turbo kinetic energy recovery device and vehicle with same |
| CN101776030B (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2014-12-24 | 福特环球技术公司 | Supercharging combustion engine with exhaust recycling and method for operating this type of combustion engine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101338698B (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2010-08-04 | 曼狄赛尔公司 | Humid air diesel motor |
| CN101776030B (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2014-12-24 | 福特环球技术公司 | Supercharging combustion engine with exhaust recycling and method for operating this type of combustion engine |
| CN102787873A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-11-21 | 无锡凯迪增压器配件有限公司 | Pressure stabilizing volute for turbocharger |
| CN102787873B (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-05-20 | 无锡凯迪增压器配件有限公司 | Pressure stabilizing volute for turbocharger |
| CN103899409A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Double-turbo kinetic energy recovery device and vehicle with same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1664344A (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| CN100400843C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| CN100365265C (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| KR100720876B1 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
| CN100447385C (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| CN1664345A (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| JP2012013089A (en) | 2012-01-19 |
| JP5504226B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| JP2009293623A (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| JP2007016792A (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| KR20030091725A (en) | 2003-12-03 |
| JP2003343272A (en) | 2003-12-03 |
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