CN1459491B - Basic hydrocarbon-like composition with high lubricating performance usable as fuel - Google Patents
Basic hydrocarbon-like composition with high lubricating performance usable as fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1459491B CN1459491B CN03136469.1A CN03136469A CN1459491B CN 1459491 B CN1459491 B CN 1459491B CN 03136469 A CN03136469 A CN 03136469A CN 1459491 B CN1459491 B CN 1459491B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
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Abstract
An essentially hydrocarbon composition comprising a refinery liquid fuel and from 1 to 25% by weight of a medium distillate essentially without alcoholic oxygen obtained starting from the product of a Fischer-Tropsch-type synthesis. This composition surprisingly has enhanced lubricating properties with respect to both of the original components and can advantageously be used as a fuel for Diesel or turbine engines, with an evident decrease in wear of the mobile parts in contact therewith.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of compsn that is essentially hydro carbons with high lubricating property.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of particularly hydrocarbon compositions of diesel motor fuel of fuel that can be used as; With respect to single starting ingredient, it has high lubricity amazingly, also keeps high cetane value and low aromaticity content simultaneously.
Diesel motor fuel adopts and characterizes in the performance of combustionphase and the various character relevant with oilness with its low-temperature fluidity with it.Specifically, diesel oil fuel keep significantly be reduced in mechanical part that fluid relates in carrying for example the lubricity of pump, valve and injector wearing and tearing be very important.The specific experience method that these lubricities use the technician of this professional domain to be familiar with is usually measured, and for example presses the so-called oilness finger-length measurement (CEC-F-06-A-96 regulation) of HFRR method, and hereinafter will be mentioned in this manual.
Regulation to the increasingly stringent of injection engine fuel and turbine engine fuel (rocket(engine)fuel) characteristic is intended to reduce the amount of aromatic hydroxy compound and sulphur usually, so that exhaust gas emission is remained in the more and more stricter scope of environment viewpoint.Making diesel oil fuel remain on one of method the most frequently used in these scopes is the extensive hydrogenation that carries out in various degree, but there is the shortcoming that obviously reduces its lubricity in this method.
Some hydrocarbon mixture that also known synthetic gas by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method sets out in the typical used for diesel engine gas oil fraction boiling range (230 ℃～370 ℃) that makes has fabulous combustionproperty and low temperature flowability after hydrogenation-isomerizing is handled; Cetane value is usually greater than 60 simultaneously; Up to 80 or higher, and pour point is lower than-30 ℃.
Known Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method (hereinafter is abbreviated as F.T. usually) is the method that can the gaseous mixture (synthetic gas) of hydrogeneous and carbon monoxide (mol ratio is 2/1 to 4/1) be changed into the liquid or solid mixture that is mainly straight chain hydrocarbon, also has the part oxygenatedchemicals sometimes.Except the method for the different improvement that propose by Fischer and Tropsch the thirties; All similar approach of using same principle all are included in the definition of F.T. method; Promptly through in the presence of the catalyzer (specifically being called the F.T. catalyzer) that is fit to, by the suitable mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide set out direct synthetic organic hydrocarbon or oxygenatedchemicals product.
The typical F.T. catalyzer of the paraffin product of high boiling range loaded on the indifferent oxide, for example aluminum oxide, silicon oxide and composition thereof based on cobalt or iron usually during preparation was mainly.The numerical range of the MWD of these liquid mixtures changes with catalyzer and processing condition.
The paraffin product that subsequently the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device is obtained in the presence of the catalyzer that is fit to, carries out hydrogenation and/or (hydroisomerization, hydrotreatment, hydrogen cracking) handled in isomerizing; Obtain the fuel fraction of required scope subsequently with the distillation method fractionation; The logical intermediate oil that is required to be; Be gas oil and/or kerosene, be commonly referred to as diesel oil fuel and rocket(engine)fuel.
So; These cuts by the F.T. method obtains are made up of the mixture that is mainly alkane usually; Its boiling range (according to different publications) is 150 ℃～180 ℃ to 230 ℃～250 ℃ (rocket(engine)fuel) and 230 ℃～260 ℃ to 360 ℃～380 ℃ (diesel oil), and wherein 60%～90% molecule is mainly the methyl branch compound.In the process that above-mentioned hydrogen is handled, remove possible unsaturated compound or oxy radical usually, their content in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic is 5%～10% (weight) usually.
For example disclosed in patent publications EP-A1101813 and US6310108, under the condition that is fit to, the diesel oil and/or the rocket(engine)fuel cut that are made by the hydrogen cracking of F.T. wax have fabulous low-temperature performance.In addition, owing to do not have sulfocompound, nitrogenous compound and aromatic hydroxy compound, with regard to its environmental influence; F.T. the intermediate oil that obtains of alkane hydrogen cracking has fabulous performance, reference T.W.Ryan " emission behavior of Fischer-Tropsch combined diesel oil fuel " for example, 99 ' gas liquid processing session collection of thesis; May 17～19; 1999, the San Antonio is described in the Texas.With regard to diesel oil, high hydrogen richness obtains lower flash-point, therefore obtains lower NOx quantity discharged.And, there are not aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfocompound that discharge quantity of particulate matter is significantly descended, make the aftertreatment of emission gases easier.
But the oilness of these mixtures or cut usually can not be satisfactory, and its numerical value is higher than 500 (recording by above-mentioned HFRR method), the specified requirement in the present enforcement, and the latter requires its numerical value to be lower than 460 at least.
Also known, in order to improve lubricity, can some additive be added in gas oil fraction or the kerosene.This technology is used to the fuel of traditional refining and the fuel that is made by the F.T. method.With regard to oilness, though obtain gratifying result, the use of these additives increases the cost of fuel greatly, particularly considers to require selected product to be substantially free of sulphur or nitrogen.In addition, after certain hour, observing the fuel that contains these additives has sizable corrosion phenomenon to some parts of mover.
The diesel oil distillate that can be used as the blending raw material that improves combustionproperty and high lubricating property is arranged by F.T. makes is open in US5689031.These hydrocarbon mixtures contain a large amount of oxygenatedchemicalss, and are made by a kind of method of complicacy, and described method comprises the fraction separation without hydrotreatment, are attached to subsequently through in all the other cuts of hydroisomerization.The diesel oil distillate that makes even so has improved lubricity, but its low-temperature performance can not be entirely satisfactory the technology that this production simultaneously need be expensive and complicated.
Therefore, still press for and improve the particularly quality of gas oil fuel of so-called intermediate oil, so that reduce the quantity discharged of NOx and PM for particulate matter in the discharging gas, the while keeps good lubricating property and low temperature flowability again, and reduces production costs.
The applicant finds at present amazingly; The intermediate oil that is added to the tradition refining through the synthetic cut that is substantially free of organic oxygen that will be made by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method on a small quantity particularly in the gas oil, might obtain the flammable hydrocarbon compositions that higher lubricity is arranged that obtains than every kind of starting ingredient; With respect to described intermediate oil, much higher cetane value and improved engine combustion effluent quality are arranged simultaneously.
Therefore, first purpose of the present invention relates to a kind of hydrocarbon compositions that can be used as diesel motor or turbine engine fuel, and wherein the boiling range of at least 80% (weight), preferred 90% (weight) is 150 ℃～380 ℃, and it is made up of the mixture of following component:
A) with respect to (A) and gross weight (B), any boiling range of 80%～99% (weight) is 150 ℃～380 ℃ a refining hydrocarbon mixture,
B) with respect to (A) and gross weight (B), a kind of hydrocarbon mixture that is substantially free of oxygen-containing organic compound that is made by the method that comprises Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of 1%～20% (weight), its boiling range are 130 ℃～380 ℃, preferred 150 ℃～370 ℃.
Other purpose of the present invention is conspicuous from following description and embodiment.
For specification sheets and claims and definite its relevant range of illustrating present patent application, the implication of terms more used herein defines as follows:
-unless otherwise indicated, term " boiling range " (mixture that refers to hydro carbons) refers under normal pressure (0.1009MPa) temperature or the TR from the said mixture of typical distillation tower overhead collection;
Only if-adding explanation in addition, the definition of scope always comprises end value;
-term " hydrogen cracking " (as used herein, relate to any mixture or be essentially the compsn of hydro carbons) is often referred in the presence of the catalyzer that is fit to and handles described mixture or compsn with hydrogen, so that make the product than lower boiling or boiling range;
-term " oxygen level " (referring to be mainly mixture or the compsn (hydro carbons>70% (weight)) of hydro carbons) and " oxygen containing " (referring to organic cpds), always are meant organic oxygen; The oxygen of binding at least one carbon atom just is not so comprise the oxygen that any water or other mineral compound contain;
-term " refining " (as compsn that is used to refer to flammable hydro carbons here or mixture) ordinary representation is processed by the organic raw material compsn that obtains of mineral source particularly with typical the conversion with for example (hydrogenation) cracking of method of purification, reformation, hydrogenation, desulfurization, dewaxing, isomerizing, distillation of refinery.
-term " at two boiling ranges of giving in the fixed temperature " (relating to compsn and the mixture mentioned in the present invention and claims) comprises the boiling range of all its end values in two given temperature.For example, be limited to the regulation of boiling range, the compsn that is fit to do the diesel oil fuel boiling range usually and is 240 ℃～360 ℃ is included in its boiling range in 150 ℃～380 ℃ compsn regulation.
The component of this compsn (A) can be made up of the hydrocarbon mixture of the refining with above-mentioned characteristic.Wherein, what be suitable as motor spirit most is preferred, in scope of the present invention, does not get rid of although be fit to the mixture of other purposes.Boiling range is 200 ℃～370 ℃ a hydrocarbon mixture, and particularly any 240 ℃～360 ℃ non-synthetic gas oil fraction are preferred especially.
The mixture of said component (A) is made up of aliphatic hydrocarbon, cycloparaffin series's hydro carbons and the aromatic hydrocarbons of different structure and isomery degree usually, and main carbonatoms is greater than 8, up to about 30.Also can have different content contain heteroatoms for example the compound of S, O, N exist.
But,, contain and minimumly possibly be specially adapted to the present invention by the heteroatomic refining distillate of quantity according to the regulation of the increasingly stringent that is intended to reduce the environmental influence related problems that fuel causes.The intermediate oil that sulphur content is lower than 1000ppm, preferably be lower than 100ppm particularly gas oil is preferred especially.In fact, the lubricity of these products is variation gradually along with the decline of sulphur content, has corresponding to the oilness numerical value (with above-mentioned HFRR method record) of mean diameter greater than 460 μ m.
Gas oil that can in compsn of the present invention, be used as gas oil that typical case but the non-limitative example of the mixture that is mainly hydro carbons or the cut of component (A) obtain for the gas oil that for example obtained by air distillation and kerosene, by doctor treatment and kerosene, obtain by hydrogen cracking and the gas oil that obtains by catalytic dewaxing.
Component of the present invention (B) is made up of the hydrocarbon mixture that is substantially free of aromatic hydroxy compound and sulphur, and the content of its oxygenatedchemicals is lower than that for example ir spectra or the gentle physique of NMR spectrum are composed detectable minimum content with common analytical procedure.Described hydrocarbon mixture mainly is made up of the mixture of straight chain and branched paraffin, is handled making through hydrogenation/isomerizing by F.T. synthetic product or portion of product.
Mentioned as top, the characteristic of back one product is, is substantially free of sulphur and preferably by forming greater than the above straight-chain paraffin of 70% (weight) 15 carbon atoms.F.T. product is solid or semisolid often at room temperature, so they are called as wax.Be not that all F.T. synthesis methods all provide high boiling point straight-chain paraffin mixture.Look used condition and catalyzer and decide, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method can be produced the mixture of different boiling ranges, also can be low relatively boiling range if desired.But the verified method that mainly obtains high boiling mixture or wax is more easily, can and be fractionated into required cut with their degradeds then.
Also known, the F.T. method is produced the hydrocarbon mixture that contains oxygenatedchemicals (being generally the alcohols form), and its maximum level can reach 10% (weight) of total amount usually.
If the F.T. method is carried out in the presence of cobalt-containing catalyst, these oxygenatedchemicalss mainly are made up of straight chain alcohol so, but also can contain very acid, ester and the aldehyde of lower concentration (synthetic and relevant the synthesizing of Fischer-Tropsch; H.H.Storch; N.Golumbic, R.B.Anderson, John Wiley&Sons; Inc., N.Y.1951).Usually known in the art; These oxygenatedchemicalss mainly are concentrated in the low boiler cut by the synthetic typical mixture that obtains of Fischer-Tropsch, and boiling point is higher than 300 ℃, preferably is higher than its organic oxygen level of cut of 370 ℃ and is not more than 0.1% (being expressed as the weight of oxygen with respect to the cut gross weight).
Relevant with the characteristic of F.T. product, the various hydrotreatments of producing the hydrocarbon mixture that can be used as component (B) that are applicable to are arranged.If the boiling range of F.T. product is 150 ℃～380 ℃, preferred 240 ℃～370 ℃, hydrotreatment is in order to make unsaturated group and to contain oxygen base hydrogenation, but not obvious reduction molecular-weight average.Whether the technician of this professional domain can also adopt hydrogenation/isomerizing to handle according to the decision of this expertise; As containing the follow-up hydrogenation step of oxygen base; Or promptly contain at the mixed catalyst that is fit in the presence of the catalyzer of hydrogenating function (precious metal of load) and isomerizing function (acid sites) and meanwhile carry out, so that obtain the low-temperature performance of being satisfied with.
On the other hand, when the F.T. product contains a large amount of wax shape high boiling point product, when carrying out hydrogenation step, optionally usually carry out a upgrading process, this process comprises one or more hydrocracking steps.As known, hydrocracking step carries out in the presence of dual-function catalyst, and described catalyzer contains the metal with hydrogenation-dehydrogenation activity, is carried on the inoganic solids that contains at least a oxide compound that acidic nature arranged or silicate.
Hydrocracking catalyst contains periodic table of elements 6-10 metalloid (by the IUPAC approval, by the form that " CRC Press Inc. " announced in 1989, hereinafter mentioning), particularly nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten or precious metal, for example palladium or platinum usually.Though the former more is applicable to the hydrocarbon mixture that is processed with relative high sulfur content, noble metal active is higher, yet is prone to poisoned by sulphur and other heteroatomss, so they are specially adapted to process the hydrocarbon mixture that the F.T. method obtains.
Usually the carrier that can be used for this purposes is various types of zeolites (β, Y), X-Al
2O
3(wherein X can be Cl or F), silica-alumina, the latter is unbodied or percent crystallinity is in various degree arranged, or the mixture of crystalline zeolite and amorphous oxide.About various catalyzer, based on their characteristic and the more details of different method for hydrogen cracking; In document in available many papers; Should mention the publication " hydrogen cracking science and technology " of J.Scherzer and A.J.Gruia, Marcel Dekker, Inc. edit (1996).
In the upgrading of F.T. synthetic product is handled; These compounds preferably before hydrocracking step, proceed to the particularly hydrogenation step of alcohol of a few unsaturated compound that possibly exist and oxygenatedchemicals, because can reduce the activity and the time stability of hydrocracking catalyst.For example; Application for patent EP-A321303 (Shell) discloses a kind of like this method, and described method comprises the separation of the hydrocarbon mixture hydrocarbon-fraction (290-℃ is rich in oxygenatedchemicals) of F.T. method; And 290+ ℃ of cut sent into hydrogen cracking/isomerization reactor, to produce intermediate oil.The catalyzer of two reactor drum requirements is the platinum that is carried on the fluorizated aluminum oxide.
European patent application book EP-A1101813 discloses a kind of method for modifying of F.T. wax shape product; Described method comprises the hydrotreating step that mainly is intended to remove the unsaturated link(age) in organic oxygen and the alkene; Also comprise the part isomerizing of lighter product part if desired, usually at 150 ℃～300 ℃ temperature, hydrogen dividing potential drop and the 0.5h of 0.5MPa～10MPa
-1～4h
-1Air speed (WHSV) under carry out, hydrogen/filler is than being 200Nlt/Kg～2000Nlt/Kg.Hydrogenation catalyst loads on aluminum oxide, silica-alumina, the fluorizated aluminum oxide based on nickel, platinum or palladium; Different according to metal types, concentration of metal is 0.1%～70% (weight), preferred 0.5%～10% (weight).Mixture with hydrogenation carries out hydrogen cracking subsequently, so that at least 50% transformation efficiency is provided, and with high conversion and highly selective generation middle runnings oil distillate.The catalyzer that is used for this purpose is preferably precious metal, and particularly Pt or Pd are carried on amorphous silicon oxide-alumina gel and the micropore/mesopore zeolite, and the latter has controlled aperture, and surface-area is 500m at least
2/ g, SiO
2/ Al
2O
3Mol ratio is 40/1～150/1, makes by one of disclosed method among european patent application book EP-A582347, EP-A701480 or the EP1048346, and its disclosure is here incorporated into as a reference.At last, the hydrocracking reaction mixture is sent into the distillation/separating step by the known technology operation, obtain intermediate oil, be divided into gas oil and kerosene again, the both is suitable for, but particularly gas oil fraction is suitable for the component (B) as the present composition.
Measure according to present available gas mass spectrum and NMR spectral technology, the F.T. hydrocarbon mixture that constitutes component (B) preferably contains and is not less than 50%, more preferably 60%～90% (weight) branched aliphatic hydrocarbons class, and wherein at least 60% has methyl branch.Other preferred characteristics of this mixture are:
-cetane value is greater than 60, more preferably greater than 70
-pour point is lower than-10 ℃, more preferably less than-25 ℃
-boiling range overlapping with the boiling range of component (A) basically (at least ± 20 ℃), more preferably 240 ℃～370 ℃.
Component (A) and ratio (B) preferably are respectively component (A) and account for 85%～98% (weight), and component (B) accounts for 15%～2% (weight), with total restatement of two components.More than two components constitute 80%～100% (weight), preferred 90%～100% (weight) of the present composition, all the other are optional to be additive and the fuel that is generally used for the general technology preparation and a small amount of other components in the combustiblematerials.
Compsn of the present invention can be easy to through preparing by suitable mixed with said components (A) with (B).Any suitable method all can be used for this purpose in this area, does not have crucial especially operational condition.For example can pass through to mix, or prepare compsn through continuous mixing more easily, as what in the refinery manufacture field, take place usually in the container discontinuous that is fit to.According to one possible but unrestriced embodiment is poured a container with component (A) with (B) in the ratio that is fit to, at room temperature simply mix, until they are uniformly dispersed each other.If desired, can in obtaining (A) and premixture (B), add optional additive; Or when mixing, they possibly be present in one of component with appropriate amount or in two components, preferably in component (A).
According to the present invention, particularly preferably be such compsn, wherein the boiling range of component (A) and mixture (B) is typical gas oil fraction, promptly 200 ℃～380 ℃, more preferably 240 ℃～360 ℃.
Though composition itself of the present invention has tangible improvement aspect lubricity, do not get rid of them and also can contain a certain amount of additives known, be used for improving oilness.Found that in this case, the lubricity of compsn is than only having the mixture of component (A) and same amount additive that astonishing improvement is arranged.
More in general; With respect to gross weight; Compsn of the present invention can contain at the most 20% (weight), preferably at the most 10% (weight) one or more be generally used for the additive of this area so that make compsn obtain some required performance, for example viscosity modifier, antithrombotics as fuel; Improve the incendiary additive, for example cetane number improver and octane enhancing additive.
Have in the preparation of compositions of improving lubricity of the present invention; These additives can indistinguishably be added in component (A) and the premixture (B); Or every kind of additive can independently add or be contained among component (A) and (B) one; Or, with any order described additive is added simultaneously in described component (A) with (B) in the mixing process.
Thereby have been found that common classifiable fuel for example the lubricity of intermediate oil can obtain astonishing improvement by the synthetic oxygen-free synthin cut that obtains of F.T. through adding relatively small amount.
So; Second purpose of the present invention relates to a kind of method of improving the lubricity (oilness) of motor spirit; It is characterized in that, the synthin mixture that is substantially free of oxygen-containing organic compound is added in the described fuel that its consumption is 1%～25% (weight) of fuel itself; Described synthin mixture makes through the method that comprises Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and boiling range is 130 ℃～380 ℃, is preferably 150 ℃～370 ℃, more preferably 240 ℃～370 ℃.
According to a preferred aspect, described fuel is specially adapted to diesel motor, mainly has the characteristic of the refining hydrocarbon mixture of formation said components (A).So, the above-mentioned component (A) that particularly is defined as gas oil as preferred ingredient (A) be suitable for hydrocarbon mixture as diesel motor fuel preferably as the fuel that is suitable for implementing present method.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned fuel also can contain one or more typical additives that is used for the middle runnings oil fuel as mentioned above.These additives are no more than 20% (weight) of fuel usually.
For the present invention, the method for being discussed comprise by the synthetic boiling range that obtains of Fischer-Tropsch and fuel basically the adding of eclipsed hydrocarbon mixture and with said fuel mix also be preferred.
The hydrocarbon mixture of component (B) characteristic through will mainly having the invention described above compsn is added in the described fuel, can obtain particularly advantageous result, and the amount that more preferably adds is 2%～15% (weight).
In order to describe the present invention and its embodiment in more detail, some embodiment are provided; But these embodiment only explain particular aspects more of the present invention, and never should be as the restriction to entire area of the present invention.
Embodiment
The lubricity of the compsn of describing among the embodiment is estimated with the oilness measurement of HFRR (high frequency back and forth encircles) method.Lubricity or the oilness that this method of London department of mechanical engineering of university of kingdom exploitation is considered to be suitable for the compsn of making fuel is best in measuring, and is that the those of skill in the art in this professional domain are familiar with.Carrying out the equipment of this measurement can buy on market.
The equipment that carries out the measurement of HFRR method is the ball that loads SW with top, lower stationary face swing relatively.The contact position is immersed in the fuel fully, on contact surface, measures.In measuring process, the friction and the resistance of record contact position, and measure the polishing scratch on the ball when off-test.Particularly, the surveying instrument that adopts the PCS Ltd. (Britain) by London to provide has the 200g load on the AISI of diameter 6mm E-52100 steel ball, and steel ball is swung on the plate that same material is processed.On 2ml fuel composition appearance, measuring under 60 ℃.
In following embodiment, use the mixture that is essentially alkane, make by synthetic hydrogenation mixture cracking of wax shape and the fractionation that obtains of traditional Fischer-Tropsch by following method.
Preparation embodiment
Use prepares the synthetic gas oil that is suitable as component of the present invention (B) by the wax shape product of being made up of the straight chain hydrocarbon of following composition the (% (weight)) basically that the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method makes:
Be lower than 150 ℃ of cuts 4.9
Kerosene (150 ℃～260 ℃) 13.9
Gas oil (260 ℃～370 ℃) 25.8
Be higher than 370 ℃ of cuts 55.4
Alcohols (% (weight)) 4.7
Sulphur and aromatic hydrocarbons do not have
By disclosed technology among the embodiment 5 of known technology, particularly EP-A1101813 this mixture is carried out hydrocracked, treated.
At last, make the cut in gas oil (gas oil FT, the productive rate 46%) boiling range later in fractionation, characteristic is following:
HFRR (fraze, (μ m)): 607
Sulphur and aromaticity content: do not have
Density 0.824Kg/dm
3
250 ℃～360 ℃ of boiling ranges
Oxygen level is lower than 0.001% (weight)
This cut is used for following examples under without further modification or additivated situation.
Embodiment 1
Through following two kinds of components of different ratios being mixed 3 hydrocarbon compositions that prepare as diesel motor fuel with improvement oilness:
A) be called the gas oil fraction of the refining of " gas oil A ", have following characteristic:
HFRR, fraze (μ m) 407
Sulphur (% (weight)) 0.8
Density (15 ℃) 0.8491
Aromatic hydrocarbons (% (weight)) 25.2
Boiling range (℃) 230～370
B) mixture that is mainly alkane that " the gas oil FT " that is made by above-mentioned preparation embodiment forms.
So make be called respectively (i), (ii) and some character of compsn (iii) list in the following table 1 with component (A) and relative proportion (B).
Embodiment 2
Through following two kinds of components of different ratios being mixed 4 hydrocarbon compositions that prepare as diesel motor fuel with improvement oilness:
A) be called the gas oil fraction of the refining of " gas oil B ", have following characteristic:
| HFRR, fraze (μ m) | 505 |
| Sulphur (% (weight)) | 0.023 |
| Density (15 ℃) | 0.8429 |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons (% (weight)) | 30.4 |
| Boiling range (℃) | 230～370 |
B) paraffins mixture of forming by above-mentioned " the gas oil FT " that makes.
Some character that are called (i), compsn (ii), (iii) and (iv) respectively that so make are listed in the following table 1 with component (A) and relative proportion (B).
Embodiment 3
Through following two kinds of components of different ratios being mixed 3 hydrocarbon compositions that prepare as diesel motor fuel with improvement oilness:
A) be called the gas oil fraction of the refining of " gas oil C ", have following characteristic:
| HFRR, fraze (μ m) | 675 |
| Sulphur (% (weight)) | 0.0047 |
| Density (15 ℃) | 0.7971 |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons (% (weight)) | 8.8 |
| Boiling range (℃) | 230～310 |
B) paraffins mixture of forming by above-mentioned " the gas oil FT " that makes.
So make be called respectively (i), (ii) and some character of compsn (iii) list in the following table 1 with component (A) and relative proportion (B).
As what can find out from following table 1, compsn of the present invention with respect to two kinds of starting ingredient components (A) and (B) all has astonishing improvement oilness (lower HFRR fraze numerical value).Under the situation shown in the embodiment 2, the improvement of oilness can reach technical indicator value HFRR unexpectedly, and < 450 μ m are even two kinds of starting ingredients all have higher H FRR numerical value (being respectively 505 μ m and 607 μ m).
Claims (17)
1. as the hydrocarbon compositions of diesel motor or turbine engine fuel, the boiling range that said hydrocarbon compositions contains by the total restatement 80 weight % of compsn at least is 150 ℃～380 ℃ mixtures composed of the following components:
(A) with respect to (A) and gross weight (B), the hydrocarbon mixture of any tradition refining of 85 weight %～98 weight %, its boiling range is 150 ℃～380 ℃,
(B) with respect to (A) and gross weight (B); The hydrocarbon mixture that does not contain oxygen-containing organic compound that 15 weight %～2 weight % make through the method that comprises Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Its boiling range is 130 ℃～380 ℃, and wherein said component (B) makes through the method that comprises at least one hydrocracking step; With
Press the total restatement of compsn, at the most one or more fuel product additives of 20 weight %.
2. according to the compsn of claim 1, by 90 weight %～described components of 100 weight % (A) and mixture (B) and at the most one or more fuel product additives of 10 weight % form.
3. according to the compsn of claim 1 or 2, the boiling range of wherein said component (A) and mixture (B) is 200 ℃～380 ℃.
4. according to the compsn of claim 1 or 2, wherein said component (A) is 200 ℃～370 ℃ hydrocarbon mixture for boiling range.
5. according to the compsn of claim 4, wherein said component (A) is that 240 ℃～360 ℃ nonsynthetic gas oil fraction is formed by boiling range.
6. according to the compsn of claim 1, the sulphur content of wherein said component (A) is lower than 1000ppm, by the weight of sulphur.
7. according to the compsn of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least 50% described component (B) is made up of branched paraffin.
8. according to the compsn of claim 1, wherein said component (A) and described component (B) have the eclipsed boiling range.
9. according to the compsn of claim 1, wherein said component (B) has following characteristic:
Cetane value＞60
Pour point＜-10 ℃
240 ℃～370 ℃ of boiling ranges.
10. aforesaid right requires in 1～10 the application of each compsn as motor spirit.
11. according to the application of claim 10, as the fuel of diesel motor.
12. method of improving the lubricity of motor spirit; It is characterized in that; The synthin mixture that does not contain organic oxygenatedchemicals is added in the said motor spirit, and its consumption is the 2 weight %～15 weight % of fuel itself, and described synthin mixture is with comprising that the method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis makes; Its boiling range is 130 ℃～380 ℃, and wherein said motor spirit is made up of the hydrocarbon mixture of the tradition refining of 150 ℃～380 ℃ of boiling ranges.
13. according to the method for claim 12, wherein said motor spirit is the hydrocarbon mixture of the tradition refining of 200 ℃～370 ℃ of boiling ranges.
14. according to the method for claim 12, the sulphur content of wherein said motor spirit is lower than 1000ppm, by the weight of sulphur.
15. according to the method for claim 12, wherein said synthetic mixture makes through the method that comprises at least one hydrocracking step.
16. according to the method for claim 12, wherein said motor spirit and described synthetic mixture have the eclipsed boiling range.
17. according to the method for claim 12, wherein said synthetic mixture has following characteristic:
Cetane value＞60
Pour point＜-10 ℃
240 ℃～370 ℃ of boiling ranges.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI2002A001131 | 2002-05-24 | ||
| IT2002MI001131A ITMI20021131A1 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2002-05-24 | ESSENTIAL HYDROCARBON COMPOSITIONS USED AS FUELS WITH IMPROVED LUBRICANT PROPERTIES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1459491A CN1459491A (en) | 2003-12-03 |
| CN1459491B true CN1459491B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN03136469.1A Expired - Fee Related CN1459491B (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-05-23 | Basic hydrocarbon-like composition with high lubricating performance usable as fuel |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040030205A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1365007B9 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5295476B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1459491B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2429289C (en) |
| IT (1) | ITMI20021131A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO335852B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2321618C2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200303912B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0614308A2 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2016-11-22 | Shell Int Research | fuel composition, process for preparing it, and use of a fischer-tropsch-derived kerosene fuel product |
| US8475647B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2013-07-02 | Shell Oil Company | Diesel fuel and a method of operating a diesel engine |
| JP5281404B2 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2013-09-04 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | A process for blending mineral-derived hydrocarbon products and Fischer-Tropsch derived hydrocarbon products. |
| AR060143A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2008-05-28 | Shell Int Research | PROCESS TO PREPARE AVIATION FUEL |
| JP5030453B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-09-19 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Light oil composition |
| US20110100313A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2011-05-05 | Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd | Reduction of wear in compression ignition engine |
| US8152866B2 (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-04-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Synthetic diesel fuel compositions |
| CN105567346B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-04-26 | 北京中燕恒成能源有限公司 | High-definition test oil and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1082541C (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 2002-04-10 | 埃克森研究工程公司 | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its prodn. |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6162956A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-12-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co | Stability Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel and a process for its production |
| US6180842B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2001-01-30 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Stability fischer-tropsch diesel fuel and a process for its production |
| EP1129155A1 (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2001-09-05 | Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited | Process for producing middle distillates and middle distillates produced by that process |
| EP1101813B1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | ENI S.p.A. | Process for the preparation of middle distillates starting from linear paraffins |
| AU2001255281B2 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2005-11-03 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low emissions f-t fuel/cracked stock blends |
| US6663767B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2003-12-16 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low sulfur, low emission blends of fischer-tropsch and conventional diesel fuels |
| AU2001255280B2 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2005-12-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Wide cut fischer-tropsch diesel fuels |
| US6709569B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-03-23 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Methods for pre-conditioning fischer-tropsch light products preceding upgrading |
| US6949180B2 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2005-09-27 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Low toxicity Fischer-Tropsch derived fuel and process for making same |
-
2002
- 2002-05-24 IT IT2002MI001131A patent/ITMI20021131A1/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-05-20 ZA ZA200303912A patent/ZA200303912B/en unknown
- 2003-05-20 EP EP03076501.0A patent/EP1365007B9/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-22 CA CA2429289A patent/CA2429289C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-22 US US10/443,095 patent/US20040030205A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-23 RU RU2003115347/04A patent/RU2321618C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-23 NO NO20032344A patent/NO335852B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-23 CN CN03136469.1A patent/CN1459491B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-26 JP JP2003147626A patent/JP5295476B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1082541C (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 2002-04-10 | 埃克森研究工程公司 | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its prodn. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2429289C (en) | 2012-04-10 |
| CN1459491A (en) | 2003-12-03 |
| US20040030205A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
| ITMI20021131A0 (en) | 2002-05-24 |
| JP2004051964A (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| ITMI20021131A1 (en) | 2003-11-24 |
| EP1365007B9 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
| NO335852B1 (en) | 2015-03-09 |
| NO20032344D0 (en) | 2003-05-23 |
| EP1365007A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
| RU2321618C2 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
| JP5295476B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| EP1365007B1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| NO20032344L (en) | 2003-11-25 |
| CA2429289A1 (en) | 2003-11-24 |
| ZA200303912B (en) | 2004-03-23 |
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