CN1408053A - 有集成废气再循环阀的涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

有集成废气再循环阀的涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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CN1408053A
CN1408053A CN01805932A CN01805932A CN1408053A CN 1408053 A CN1408053 A CN 1408053A CN 01805932 A CN01805932 A CN 01805932A CN 01805932 A CN01805932 A CN 01805932A CN 1408053 A CN1408053 A CN 1408053A
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valve
exhaust gas
gas recirculation
turbosupercharger
flange
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S·P·马丁
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Garrett Communications Co., Ltd.
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Honeywell International Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/51—EGR valves combined with other devices, e.g. with intake valves or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F02M26/10—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine having means to increase the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake system, e.g. venturis, variable geometry turbines, check valves using pressure pulsations or throttles in the air intake or exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/55—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/70—Flap valves; Rotary valves; Sliding valves; Resilient valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Non-Positive Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种集成在涡轮增压器(16)中的废气再循环(EGR)阀，该涡轮增压器设有一个位于涡轮机外壳(18)螺旋室(52)中的凸缘(56)上的EGR阀出口(54)，以及一个相配合的阀组件(34)，该阀组件从一个带弯管(72)的配合凸缘(71)延伸出来。通过确定配合凸缘相对EGR出口凸缘的位置，可将该弯管的出口方向调节成多个方向。

Description

有集成废气再循环阀的涡轮增压器
背景技术
有关申请的相关对比文件
本申请要求在2000年3月3日申请的序号为60/186,647发明名称与本申请相同的共同未决申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明总的涉及废气再循环(EGR)***，尤其涉及一个与涡轮增压器集成一体的EGR阀，该阀的阀门入口铸造在涡轮机外壳上，而其致动***直接安装在涡轮增压器上。
背景技术
工业用柴油机的废气再循环***需要用一个EGR阀来控制废气进入到进气集合管的流量。在对现有的车辆进行组装中，工业用柴油机的EGR***对该EGR***的组装有非常严格的限制，并且对EGR***压力降低和燃料消耗敏感。
现有的废气再循环***通常使用单独的组件来构成***的每一元件。这种作法导致不能优化***从而满足上述要求。
发明内容
本发明是针对组装法和EGR***的压力损失导致对车辆的燃料消耗的影响降到最低而提出的。该EGR阀与一个单独的EGR阀部件(该部件在部件供应商中更为典型)相比，能更紧凑地连接到涡轮增压器涡轮机的外壳上。此外，将该EGR阀设置得能使EGR***压力损失降为最小(相对于EGR阀而言)。这可通过利用与涡轮进口流量有关的动态压力的优点来实现。这种集成的EGR阀的设计提供了EGR阀出口处相对涡轮增压器中线的取向的“无限的”适应性。这一特点对于在车辆装配限制范围内的EGR***的组装有利。该EGR阀的设计夲身提供这种组装特点。本发明运用了一种“摆转阀”的设计。在涡轮增压器的涡轮机外壳上铸造出一EGR出口。这样，由发动机排出并进入到涡轮机外壳中的气体的动态特性补充了废气进入到EGR***的气流，这样就减少了EGR***的压力损失。EGR阀在涡轮机外壳上连接得可使该EGR阀的废气出口可面向无数方向而不需要对涡轮增压器、涡轮机外壳或者EGR阀组件进行重新设计。
将EGR阀致动器以及有关的致动器安装支架构成安装涡轮增压器的一个组件，从而允许EGR阀的废气出口面向便于EGR***/发动机组装的最佳的方位。
附图说明
通过下面结合附图对最佳实施例的描述将更清楚地理解本发明的上述及其它目的。各部附图为：
图1是一带有本发明的EGR***的内燃机示意图，该***使用了集成EGR阀的涡轮增压器；
图2是有本发明集成EGR阀的涡轮增压器的一个具体实施例的外观图；
图3为用于图2的EGR阀的提升阀和致动器的剖视图；
图4为图2所示的涡轮增压器的顶视图；
图5为图2所示的涡轮增压器的端视图；以及
图6为图2所示的涡轮增压器的涡轮机外壳的截面视图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，以示意的方式示出了有一涡轮增压器和一EGR***的内燃机的一EGR***。发动机10包括一个进气集合管12和一个排气集合管14。在例举的实施例中，该发动机包括一涡轮增压器16，它常有纳在一外壳18中的涡轮机和容纳在一外壳20中的压缩机，该压缩机用来压缩内燃机10的输入空气。该输入空气在涡轮增压器压缩过程中被加热，然而为了满足发动机的耐用性和工作要求又必须冷却该空气。冷却是在将气体从涡轮增压器16经由普通的导管或通道24排出到增压空气冷却器(CAC)22的通路中完成的。然后，再将此入空气从增压空气冷却器经过普通的导管或通道30输送到发动机的进气集合管口。
该发动机10还包括一个EGR***。该EGR***包括一个控制阀34，该控制阀集成在本发明的涡轮增压器中，可以调节从排气集合管流出的废气的比例，或者将这部分废气输送到发动机的进气***再与流经CAC的吸入空气进行混合；或者就直接流入到涡轮增压器的涡轮机中。该控制阀34可将一部分从排气集合管收集到的废气经EGR阀***输送到涡轮机的外壳中去。
该EGR***还包括一个发动机，其上安装用来冷却流经该***的废气的EGR冷却器38或热交换器。通过在EGR导管或通道40中设置热交换器，就能提高发动机10的功率。其它的优点还包括，例如由于使用了热交换器38，还减少了NOx和PM排放以及燃料消耗等。经过热交换38的废气和经过CAC的输入气体在EGR混合器42中进行混合。输入气体和废气的混合物离开混合器42并进入到发动机的进气集合管中。
在涡轮增压器中的可变几何形状的喷嘴44用来在涡轮机外壳入口和排气集合管中背压。
图2，4和5更详细地示出了本发明的涡轮增压器16。涡轮机外壳18包括一与发动机的排气集合管相接的入口50。进入到该入口的废气流入圆环室即螺旋室52中。如图6所示，在涡轮机外壳的螺旋室上浇铸出一个EGR出口54。该EGR出口的位置和方向正切于螺旋体并大体上与气流进入涡轮机外壳的入口方向成一直线，这样就能将收集到的EGR气流的压力损失降到最低。为了安装图3详细地示出的EGR阀组件而设置一个凸缘56。
EGR阀包括通过一臂60安装在一轴62上的一提升阀(poppet)58，而且该轴可将提升阀58从位于EGR出口的阀座64(如图6所示)处的闭锁位置旋转至一开启位置，此时的提升阀转入到阀铸件68的腔室66中。该阀铸件包括一个可容纳轴的空心轴套70和配合凸缘71，该凸缘71与涡轮机外壳上的凸缘56相配合。如实施例所述，阀铸件还包括终止于用来连接EGR导管40的凸缘74的一弯管72。气动致动器76通过支架78固定到阀铸件上并与作动臂80相互配合，而且该作动臂与从该轴上延伸出来的一个曲柄82相连。
螺栓84将凸缘56和配合凸缘连接起来。应该使凸缘56上的相应孔型能适应弯管的各种所希望的定位取句，以便能适应带有EGR阀管道***的各种发动机结构。
如附图中所示的实施例，涡轮增压器包括一第二致动器86，它可用来控制可变几何形状的涡轮入口喷嘴44，而该喷嘴提供一种用来控制排出***和涡轮机螺旋室的背压的装置，从而与EGR阀相结合控制EGR流速。在实施例中所示的第二致动器是靠气动致动的并且是通过支架88固定到发动机外壳上的。在附图所示的实施例中，可变几何形状的喷嘴与在美国专利5,947,681(公开日为1999年9月7日，题目为“压力平衡式双轴可变喷嘴涡轮增压器)中公开的一样，该发明已转让给本申请的受让人，此处可引用其公开的内容作为参考。
现在已按专利法规的要求详细地说明了本发明，熟悉该技术的人们对本文所公开的具体实施例进行各种修改和替代。这样的修改都落入下列权利要求所限定的本发明的范围和宗旨之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种集成废气再循环阀的涡轮增压器(16)，其包括：
一涡轮机外壳(18)，其上设有接收废气的废气入口(50)和用来将废气导入到涡轮机喷嘴(44)的螺旋室(52)，所述的螺旋室设有一与废气再循环出口(54)相互配合的凸缘(56)，该出口正切于螺旋体的圆周线并且基本上与废气进到该入口的气流方向成一条直线；
一个废气再循环阀组件，它包括：
一配合凸缘(71)，该配合凸缘与废气再循环出口的凸缘在多个方位中的一个选定方位上进行接合，
从用来连接废气再循环导管(40)的配合凸缘上延伸出的一弯管(72)，所述弯管与所述废气再循环导管的连接方向是由该配合凸缘的选定方位来决定的，
一个安装在该弯管内的可调节阀(34)，该调节阀至少具有两个调节位置，一个为关闭废气再循环出口的第一位置，另一个为第二开启位置，以及
用于调节阀在第一和第二位置之间调整的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器(16)，其特征在于该可调节阀(34)包括一提升阀(58)，它对环绕废气再循环出口(54)周围的阀座进行密封。
3.如权利要求2所述的涡轮增压器(16)，其特征在于该提升阀(58)连接到一从可旋转轴(62)延伸出的臂上，而且所述的调节装置包括一从该轴延伸出的曲柄(82)和一个致动器(76)，该致动器能使曲柄转换位置而使该轴旋转至使提升阀能密封在所述阀座上的第一位置，以及该致动器使此轴旋转，从而能使提升阀旋转至第二开启位置。
4.如权利要求3所述的涡轮增压器(16)，其特征在于所述的致动器(76)是气动致动器。
5.如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器(16)，其特征在于喷嘴(44)包括用来控制螺旋室(52)内背压的可变几何形状的装置。
CNB018059325A 2000-03-03 2001-03-02 有集成废气再循环阀的涡轮增压器 Expired - Lifetime CN1262752C (zh)

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US18664700P 2000-03-03 2000-03-03
US60/186,647 2000-03-03
US09/782,810 2001-02-14
US09/782,810 US6430929B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2001-02-14 Turbocharger with integrated exhaust gas recirculation valve

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CN1262752C CN1262752C (zh) 2006-07-05

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CN104471231A (zh) * 2012-04-23 2015-03-25 克莱斯勒集团有限责任公司 涡轮增压发动机吹扫流量的监测诊断

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US8206133B2 (en) 2008-08-12 2012-06-26 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Turbocharger housing with integral inlet and outlet openings
CN102022183A (zh) * 2009-09-22 2011-04-20 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 涡轮增压器和包括其的空气吸入***及其制造和使用方法
CN102022183B (zh) * 2009-09-22 2014-07-02 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 涡轮增压器和包括其的空气吸入***及其制造和使用方法
CN102042076A (zh) * 2009-10-16 2011-05-04 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 涡轮增压器和具有该增压器的空气引入***及其使用方法
CN102042076B (zh) * 2009-10-16 2014-06-25 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 涡轮增压器和具有该增压器的空气引入***及其使用方法
CN103154468A (zh) * 2010-10-18 2013-06-12 博格华纳公司 涡轮增压器egr模块
CN103890367A (zh) * 2011-07-01 2014-06-25 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 内燃发动机和操作内燃发动机的方法
CN104471231A (zh) * 2012-04-23 2015-03-25 克莱斯勒集团有限责任公司 涡轮增压发动机吹扫流量的监测诊断

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ATE330118T1 (de) 2006-07-15
US20010032467A1 (en) 2001-10-25
CN1262752C (zh) 2006-07-05
HUP0300478A2 (en) 2003-07-28
AU2001250028A1 (en) 2001-09-12
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HU225996B1 (en) 2008-02-28
EP1259726A1 (en) 2002-11-27

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