CN1377446A - 洋流发电装置 - Google Patents

洋流发电装置 Download PDF

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CN1377446A
CN1377446A CN00813816A CN00813816A CN1377446A CN 1377446 A CN1377446 A CN 1377446A CN 00813816 A CN00813816 A CN 00813816A CN 00813816 A CN00813816 A CN 00813816A CN 1377446 A CN1377446 A CN 1377446A
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power station
generator
ocean currents
ocean
water
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CN1143957C (zh
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阿洛伊斯·沃本
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种可运输的利用洋流的电站。所述电站的中空外壳和叶轮可以根据需要用水填充或被抽空。本发明装置的浸没深度因此可调节或改变。

Description

洋流发电装置
                       技术领域
本发明涉及一种洋流发电装置。这不仅包括已知的利用潮汐退潮和涨潮的能量的潮汐发电装置，还包括从在所有海洋中经常发生的洋流获取能量的发电装置。
                       背景技术
这种洋流通常是大面积的稳定水流***，其产生可以毫无疑问地归结于风在海面上的推力(风吹流)、内部压力(梯度流)和地球的旋转(地球自转偏向力)，以及洋底和海岸的地形。作为最重要的洋流，例如有南北赤道洋流、日本洋流、东澳大利亚洋流、墨西哥暖流、巴西洋流、阿加勒斯海流、北太平洋洋流、北大西洋洋流、西风吹流、加利福尼亚洋流、洪堡海流、加那利洋流、本格拉洋流、西澳大利亚洋流、赤道逆流、阿拉斯加洋流、挪威洋流、斯匹次卑尔根洋流、东格陵兰洋流、拉布拉多洋流、亚米尼格洋流、欧亚休和福克兰洋流。除了海洋中已知的表面流外，在大西洋和太平洋中还宣告有赤道亚流(达2.5m/sec的流速)，该洋流在约100m(或更深)的深度向东直接流向赤道、至向西方向的南赤道洋流在下方。
                         发明内容
本发明提出设计一种洋流发电装置，它从洋流获得流动的动能，并将获得的能量转换成电能。在该情况下，根据本发明的洋流水力发电装置用在水面以下，例如超过水平面以下50m，并且，即使在洋流流速较低时，例如在1.5m/sec或更低的区域，它也可以提供较大量的电能。这通过以下方式实现，即，水力发电装置具有水轮或叶轮(rotor)(涡轮或螺旋桨)，它有例如10m或更大的直径，优选地在30m和120m之间。
                      附图说明
图1通过举例的方式显示了根据本发明的洋流水力发电装置的横截面视图。
                    具体实施方式
本发明的发电装置包括一个具有非常高强度的环形外壳。同时，环形外壳呈集流器(concentrator)(管形外壳)的形式，使得经过该环的水的流速增加，并且，在外壳的中心区设置有水轮或叶轮，该水轮或叶轮(由水的流速驱动)旋转，并在这样动的同时驱动发电机的发电机转子。在此情况下，发电机没有与涡轮的轴连接，而是发电机转子的电极轮(pole wheel)向外固定在水轮上。因此，发电装置的水轮或叶轮带动被水力发电装置的外壳内的发电机定子环绕的发电机转子。作用在水轮上的力被轴承传递，该轴承支承在穿过外壳环的星形支架上。
优选地，叶轮或水轮和/或水力发电装置的外壳具有孔洞，填充该孔洞，使得达到水力发电装置相对于水的平衡条件。这确保水力发电装置的轴承结构必须仅承载流水的推力。
当将水力发电装置运送到安装位置时，可以用空气填充该孔洞。然后船可以在飘浮条件下将水力发电装置运送到安装位置。一旦水力发电装置抵达其预期安装位置，则根据所涉及的要求的孔洞用水填充，优选地用海水，使得水力发电装置可以缓慢地沉到底部。如果水力发电装置的改装或修理是必要的，则水可以再次从填充的孔洞中被驱赶出。
对于水力发电装置，被直接停泊在海床和/或被适当的缆绳或链子固定在距洋底某距离处都是可以的，该缆绳或链子被拴在洋底或其它结构上。
发电机产生的电能借助电缆输运，并被直接输入到电网中。对于洋流水力发电装置产生的电能，它还可以用于将电源供给至海水淡化厂。
即使洋流具有较低的流速，以下的数字示例可以使极大量的电能(以及超过500KW的相应功率)得以产生的情形更清楚，该电能取决于各洋流速度有多高，以及发电装置的水轮直径有多大。
于是，例如，通过1.5m/sec的洋流和25m的水轮直径，已经可以产生500KW的功率输出。如果水轮的直径增加到80m，则5MW的功率输出是可能的。通过36m的水轮直径，1MW的功率输出也是可能的。
如果洋流速度升高，则电功率量以其三次幂增加。
根据本发明的洋流发电装置的具体益处在于：它可用于实际上发电装置自身不对环境产生负作用的情况下。同时，洋流发电装置能使这样一种能源成为可能，该能源几乎是无穷无尽的且其性质是可以非常准确预知的。不管洋流水力发电装置的尺寸有多大，借助孔洞的填充或借助将水从孔洞中排出，该发电装置可非常准确地定位在洋流中，在那里，它对航运没有任何负面影响，这是因为它在海船的常用拖网下方。
应当理解的是，根据本发明的洋流发电装置还可以被用于利用随潮汐而规律发生的退潮和涨潮流。为了此目的，对叶轮桨叶而言，需要被如此设计，使得它们能从两侧变换流动(在两个不同的方向上旋转)，或者优选地能随流动方向的改变而转动。

Claims (5)

1.一种可运输的洋流发电装置，包括安放发电机的外壳，该发电机包括发电机转子和发电机定子，其中，发电机借助连接到发电机转子的叶轮驱动。
2.一种洋流发电装置，包括具有至少一个叶轮桨叶的叶轮，该叶轮带动发电装置的发电机的发电机转子。
3.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的洋流发电装置，其特征在于，叶轮桨叶(螺旋桨)具有至少一个孔洞，该孔洞可用水填充，水可以再次从其中排出。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的洋流发电装置，其特征在于，发电装置的外壳至少部分地形成为集流器，借助该集流器，进入发电装置的水的流速被增加。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的洋流发电装置，其特征在于，发电装置的外壳具有封闭的孔洞，该孔洞可用水填充，水可再次从该孔洞中排出。
CNB008138168A 1999-10-06 2000-08-08 洋流发电装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1143957C (zh)

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DE19948198A DE19948198B4 (de) 1999-10-06 1999-10-06 Transportables Meeresstrom-Kraftwerk
DE19948198.9 1999-10-06

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JP (1) JP4001485B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100488297B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1143957C (zh)
AT (1) ATE291170T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU775232B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR0014564A (zh)
CA (1) CA2388513C (zh)
DE (2) DE19948198B4 (zh)
ES (1) ES2235929T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1048350B (zh)
IS (1) IS2144B (zh)
MX (1) MXPA02003441A (zh)
NO (1) NO324938B1 (zh)
NZ (1) NZ518082A (zh)
PT (1) PT1222387E (zh)
WO (1) WO2001025627A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200202559B (zh)

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CN101529086B (zh) * 2006-07-14 2012-09-05 欧鹏海德洛集团有限公司 具有浮力腔的浸没式水电涡轮机
CN103590964A (zh) * 2013-08-25 2014-02-19 陈俞任 T形海浪洋流发电装置
CN110469444A (zh) * 2019-07-08 2019-11-19 香港中文大学（深圳） 一种水下稳向板发电***装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101529086B (zh) * 2006-07-14 2012-09-05 欧鹏海德洛集团有限公司 具有浮力腔的浸没式水电涡轮机
CN103590964A (zh) * 2013-08-25 2014-02-19 陈俞任 T形海浪洋流发电装置
CN110469444A (zh) * 2019-07-08 2019-11-19 香港中文大学（深圳） 一种水下稳向板发电***装置

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CA2388513C (en) 2005-01-04
DE50009817D1 (de) 2005-04-21
AU775232B2 (en) 2004-07-22
JP4001485B2 (ja) 2007-10-31
NO324938B1 (no) 2008-01-07
AU6700100A (en) 2001-05-10
CA2388513A1 (en) 2001-04-12
HK1048350B (zh) 2005-06-03
CN1143957C (zh) 2004-03-31
KR20020039675A (ko) 2002-05-27
IS6330A (is) 2002-04-04
KR100488297B1 (ko) 2005-05-11
JP2003511614A (ja) 2003-03-25
NO20021620D0 (no) 2002-04-05
BR0014564A (pt) 2002-06-11
IS2144B (is) 2006-09-15
EP1222387B1 (de) 2005-03-16
HK1048350A1 (en) 2003-03-28
ES2235929T3 (es) 2005-07-16
EP1222387A1 (de) 2002-07-17
MXPA02003441A (es) 2004-09-10
ATE291170T1 (de) 2005-04-15
PT1222387E (pt) 2005-05-31
DE19948198B4 (de) 2005-06-30
NO20021620L (no) 2002-04-05
WO2001025627A1 (de) 2001-04-12
DE19948198A1 (de) 2001-04-26
ZA200202559B (en) 2002-11-27

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