CN1366088A

CN1366088A - Process for preparing high-strength copper alloy

Info

Publication number: CN1366088A
Application number: CN 01125693
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李倬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-09-08
Filing date: 2001-09-08
Publication date: 2002-08-28

Abstract

A process for preparing high-strength copper alloy, especially the beallon series features that its non-vacuum smelting and casting production is in a sealed double protection state by electric induction furnace. Its advantages are high quality low cost and environmental protection.

Description

The production method of high-strength copper alloy

The inventive method relates to Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy and metal freezing to be learned, and technology belongs to the non-ferrous metal alloy material industry, and that product extensively is used as is high-strength, height is led, highly elastic material.

High strength beryllium copper series alloy is produced; show according to pertinent data; present this alloy production generally all adopts vacuum melting or insulating covering agent to protect antivacuum intermediate frequency furnace melting both at home and abroad, and casting is to carry out semicontinuous casting or die cast (or sand mold casting) under semi-closed state.Melt quality easily obtains to guarantee during vacuum melting, but facility investment is big, safeguards complexity, the production cost height, so limited the widespread use of this material, main manufacturer is still employing this method both at home and abroad at present.Antivacuum intermediate frequency furnace melting, quality easily fluctuates in the production operation process, easy oxidation element such as beryllium, nickel in the alloy, heat waste is big, at wayward its accurate content of melt interalloy element, gas is difficult to get rid of in addition, when metal pattern, sand mold or semicontinuous ingot casting, ingot casting is prone to phenomenons such as pore, crackle, segregation in castingprocesses, and the ingot casting lumber recovery is low, the metal loss height, consumption of electric energy is big.Domestic production at present is little in batches, not tangible established practice modelling throughput, and the production cost height is difficult to realize the serialization Foundry Production, there are a certain distance in quality product class and external product.In the melting and casting process, the beryllium oxide compound can affect to surrounding environment.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention designs melting and adopts cored induction furnace, protection of inert gas and melt insulating covering agent duplex protection melting, the casting horizontal continuous casting method of employing or on draw the continuous casting method, realize that beryllium copper series alloy low-cost and pollution-less produces.Adopt this method can produce casting line, rod, pipe, section bar or the cast product of different shape, be characterized in not only can eliminating defectives such as ingot casting pore, segregation, crackle, leakage extension with this method production, under air-tight state, carry out melting and casting, reduce power consumption and metal unit consumption, guarantee that the soot emissions thing is lower than the environmental emission standard.Significantly improve the founding lumber recovery, realize high-quality, production purpose efficiently, quality product reaches or near vacuum melting quality level.

According to data check, adopt at present core-type induction furnace melting and horizontal continuous casting method or on draw the continuous casting method and produce, yet there are no disclosed pertinent data report and relevant patent documentation.

Mainly this technology is set forth below from melting and castmethod:

In the beryllium copper series alloy, because the beryllium chemical property is active, very easily oxidation is air-breathing, and in melting and castingprocesses, primary problem is that anti-oxidation is air-breathing.It is the key of this method that airtight melting and casting are provided.

Before the melting beryllium copper, at first to carry out selectedly to raw material one electrolytic copper copper coin and beryllium mother alloy piece, the surface is wanted clean dried, is not had the foreign material of adhesion; Electrolytic copper excises four limits and hangers, and must not there be patina and copper beans in the surface, and baking drying temperature ≮ 400 ℃, are thrown the every heat of stove and undertaken by 2-3 time respectively in batches at 1 hour time; Melt protecting adopts rare gas element and the protection of composite fluxing agent duplex, guarantees that melt quality satisfies the quality product requirement, and the melt chemical ingredients is through both analysis check and air content be up to the standards rear converter or direct pouring cast part.But converter horizontal casting smelting furnace and holding furnace adopt monomer tilting furnace body structure, furnace lining is selected the NEUTRAL ALUMINUM fire resistant materials for use, converter is by being embedded in the inclination chute of smelting furnace burner hearth side wall, chute termination and furnace wall are inclined to 45 ℃ of angles, the chute place directly inserts in the holding furnace melt with graphite matter thrust-augmenting nozzle, guarantees that the airtight of converter process carries out; The continuous up-casting ingot casting adopts the conjuncted alloy type of furnace of high-low type to realize airtight casting.Casting be installed to crystallizer on the holding furnace sidewall or burner hearth liquid level melt in (both continuous up-castings), make and enter in the crystallizer melt by crystallisation by cooling continuously, form the ingot casting of different shape, ingot casting inside and visual appearance detect from motion tracking by the metal defect detection instrument, detected result directly feeds back to primary controller and realizes the holding furnace temperature, cooling water pressure, casting speed is controlled automatically, guarantees that ingot casting is inner and visual appearance is qualified.The holding furnace melt temperature connects with primary controller by the thermopair that immerses in the melt, realizes temperature auto control.

At melting and castingprocesses; airtight duplex protection melting, casting and converter; the beryllium oxide compound that discharges in the furnace gas is very faint, adopts the negative pressure dust collection cover that the furnace gas that overflows in stove is sent into precipitation separation processing the multistage rotary dust collector simultaneously, makes the beryllium oxide emissions be lower than environmental emission standard fully.This method can compare favourably with the antivacuum semicontinuous ingot casting method of vacuum melting.

Aforesaid method is a complete production process, and its melting method also is applicable to sand mold casting and other castings production.Chemical ingredients in fusion process, occurs when defective, must readjust chemical composition content and satisfy internal control chemical ingredients standard, until qualified.When the melt air content is exceeded normal range, must be to the melt processing that outgases, usual method is gas method and flux method, promptly reaches the purpose of eliminating pore.

Here the most practical method is the strictness control of systematic procedure, will obtain best effect.

Be suitable for the type of furnace: cored induction furnace

Be suitable for furnace lining: aluminium matter amphoteric refractory

Suitable alloy: Cu-Be alloy, Cu-Be-Ni-Co contain gold etc.

Suitable specification: A) horizontal casting ingot:

I) plate (type): 8-16 * 50-700mm reel, the 1-5t/ dish

17-30 * 50-700mm scale (1-6m/ root) vertical bar

II) rod: φ 8-φ 30mm coils unit, the 1-5t/ dish

φ 31-φ 200mm scale vertical bar (1-6m/ root)

B) continuous up-casting ingot:

I) plate (type): 8-16 * 20-300mm reel, the 1-5t/ dish;

17-20 * 50-300mm scale (1-6m/ root) vertical bar;

II) rod:

φ 8-φ 25mm reel, the 1-5t/ dish

φ 26-φ 100mm scale (1-6m/ root) vertical bar.

Be suitable for casting temp: 1250-1350 ℃;

Be suitable for casting speed: 100-800mm/min;

Applied hydraulic pressure: 0.2-0.6Mpa;

Contrast accompanying drawing 1 is further set forth with horizontal continuous casting producing method below.

1-smelting furnace, 2-smelting furnace melt, 3-insulating covering agent, 4-beryllium mother alloy

5-electrolytic copper, 6-stoving oven 7-receipts petticoat pipe 8-melting bell

9-chute, 10-protective gas, 11-holding furnace is received petticoat pipe 12-temperature measurer

13-insulation bell, 14-insulating covering agent, 15-metal defect detection instrument, 16-crystallizer

17-ingot casting, 18-ingot-guiding head, 19-holding furnace, 20-holding furnace melt

21-fused mass flow guiding pipe

After selected electrolytic copper (5) drying stove (6) drying, every heat divides and drops into smelting furnace (1) for 3 times respectively, go up topped composite fluxing agent (3) at smelting furnace melt (2), build bell (8), in smelting furnace (1), feed nitrogen (10) protection, after treating that electrolytic copper (5) all melts, the beryllium mother alloy (4) that adds oven dry, after fully melting evenly, in smelting furnace (1) stove, dip the stokehold sample, it is qualified to detect melt (2) air content and chemical principal constituent respectively, when treating melt (2) temperature 〉=1350 ℃, i.e. and converter; Before the converter in advance chute (9) and thrust-augmenting nozzle (21) with gas heater be preheated to 〉=800 ℃ after, it is melt (20) that smelting furnace melt (2) changes holding furnace (19) over to through chute (9) and thrust-augmenting nozzle (21); Holding furnace melt (20) is the same with smelting furnace melt (2), and with insulating covering agent (14) and nitrogen (10) protection, realization melting, converter, casting whole process are carried out under air-tight state all the time; Regularly holding furnace melt (20) is carried out the detection monitoring of air content and chemical principal constituent.Casting can be produced various lines, rod, plate shape products such as (types) by horizontal casting or continuous up-casting, when adopting the horizontal casting ingot casting, melt through being up to the standards (20), crystallisation by cooling in crystallizer (16), form the strand (17) of different shape, strand (17) can carry out reel unit or cut vertical bar through continuously being pulled in automatic flaw detection instrument (15) and chemical ingredients after the assay was approved by subsequent request length.Both finished whole process of production.

Power consumption: 700kwh/t; Founding lumber recovery 95%;

Metal unit consumption: 1025kg/t; Density: 8.23g/cm ³

Claims

1, the production method of high strength copper alloy.Need in stoving oven (6) dry to electrolytic copper (5), beryllium mother alloy (4); The type of furnace is selected cored induction melting furnace (1) and holding furnace (19) for use, and furnace lining adopts the NEUTRAL ALUMINUM fire resistant materials; Other auxiliary facility has: chute (9), thrust-augmenting nozzle (21), bell (8), (13), protective gas (10), topped dose (3), (14), the environment-friendly type production method of complete horizontal casting (or continuous up-casting) production line of a cover, rod, plate (type) material is formed in crystallizer (17), receipts petticoat pipe (7), (11).

2, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that utilizing cored induction furnace characteristics, control melting, converter, be cast under the air-tight state accomplishedly, to eliminating the ingot casting pore, segregation and environmental pollution have unusual effect.Guarantee in the line process continuous controllable.Final purpose provides high-quality, cheapness, environment-friendly type ingot casting or foundry goods for the client.