CN111001777A - Composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method for iron-containing aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method for iron-containing aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN111001777A CN111001777A CN201911400018.XA CN201911400018A CN111001777A CN 111001777 A CN111001777 A CN 111001777A CN 201911400018 A CN201911400018 A CN 201911400018A CN 111001777 A CN111001777 A CN 111001777A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method of iron-containing aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps: pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt into a container, placing the container in the magnetic field range of an electromagnetic stirring device, immersing an ultrasonic generator into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt when the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt is reduced to a preset temperature, simultaneously starting the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator to carry out composite field treatment, pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt subjected to ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring into an extruder die to carry out high-pressure extrusion forming, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy containing fine iron-rich phase structures. The invention carries out the complementation of the quality of two physical external fields of ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring, is used for preparing high-quality metal slurry, and leads the metal slurry to be solidified and formed under high pressure to obtain a fine iron-rich phase structure which can not be formed under the normal pressure solidification condition, thereby obviously improving the alloy performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material solidification control, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method for iron-containing aluminum alloy.
Background
The pollutants discharged in the regeneration process of the aluminum scrap are only 10% generated in the production of the aluminum scrap, and the energy consumption is only 5% of the production of the aluminum scrap, so that the recycling of the aluminum scrap plays an important role in the sustainable development of the global aluminum industry.
The iron element is the most harmful impurity in the secondary aluminum and aluminum alloy. Because the solid solubility of iron in aluminum is very low, once the solid solubility limit is exceeded, iron is combined with aluminum and other alloy elements to form a coarse needle-shaped or sheet-shaped iron-rich phase, and the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature are seriously damaged. Therefore, the removal of impurity element iron becomes an international problem which troubles the development of the recycled aluminum industry. Although the needle-shaped rich iron is unfavorable to the room temperature performance of the aluminum alloy, the high temperature performance of the aluminum alloy can be obviously improved due to the high melting point and good thermal stability of the needle-shaped rich iron. If the iron-rich phase in the aluminum alloy with high iron content can be refined, the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature can be obviously improved. Therefore, the potential performance advantage of the aluminum alloy with high iron content can be fully utilized, and the method has great significance for expanding the application of the iron-containing secondary aluminum raw material.
The existing methods for refining the iron-rich phase in the aluminum alloy mainly comprise methods of jet deposition, addition of neutralizing elements, high-temperature overheating of melt, ultrasonic treatment and the like, but all of the methods have defects.
The spray deposition process is not only complicated and costly, but also has a certain amount of porosity in the microstructure of the alloy spray deposited billet due to gas entrapment and solidification shrinkage, and the porosity of the spray deposited aluminum alloy is usually between 1% and 10% (Lavernia E J, aquirs J D, Srivatsan T S. Rapid identification processing with particulate Materials Reviews,1992,37: 1-44.).
The method of adding the neutralizing elements generally adds the neutralizing elements such as Mn, Cr, Co and the like, and the neutralizing elements and Fe are easy to form in the aluminum alloy meltCoarse primary α -Al with large specific gravity15(Fe,Mn,Cr)3Si2The phases are deposited at the bottom of the melting crucible (Jorstad J l. unrestrained sludg. die Casting enginer, 1986,12:30-36.) and these sediments are easily carried into the Casting and jeopardize the machinability of the Casting. In addition, the method for adding the neutralizing element cannot reduce the iron content of the aluminum alloy, but adds new elements, which increases the difficulty for recycling the aluminum material.
The main disadvantages of the high-temperature overheating process of the melt are high energy consumption, and the high temperature of the melt can cause serious gas suction and oxidation of the molten metal and increase the burning loss of alloy elements.
Ultrasonic treatment of iron-containing aluminum alloy melt is a relatively new green pollution-free technology with the characteristics of simple process and low cost, however, when ultrasonic treatment is carried out on high-iron-content aluminum alloy melt for a certain time and then solidification is carried out under a near-equilibrium condition, iron-rich phases in the obtained alloy structure are still relatively coarse, and a part of long needle-like iron-rich phases cannot be eliminated, for example, Zhang Yubo et Al (cement Jine J. Chuan, Gao Yuan, Lu Yiping, Li tingju. Effects of ultrasonic treatment on the formation of iron-containing intermetallic compounds Al-12% Si-2% Fe alloys, 2013,42: 120) are subjected to ultrasonic treatment for a certain time, and then the ultrasonic treatment of the Al-12Si-2Fe alloy melt is carried out under a condition of ultrasonic cavitation at a certain time, and the ultrasonic treatment is found to be a large amount of needle-like phases of 24-863, 42: 120-Si-125 Fe alloy melt, and the ultrasonic treatment is carried out at a high-slow-melting point of the ultrasonic treatment of the alloy melt, and the ultrasonic treatment of the alloy melt, the alloy melt is found to be subjected to a high-coarse phase attenuation effect of about 24-2-Al-2-Al-2-Al-2-Al-alloy.
In summary, ultrasonic treatment is a good treatment method, but if the coarse iron-rich phase is to be refined uniformly and thoroughly, the alloy melt needs to be treated by combining other methods during and after ultrasonic treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method for iron-containing aluminum alloy, which is used for complementing the advantages and disadvantages of two physical external fields of ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring to prepare high-quality metal slurry, and solidifying and forming the metal slurry under high pressure to obtain a fine iron-rich phase structure which cannot be formed under the normal-pressure solidification condition so as to obviously improve the alloy performance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method of iron-containing aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt into a container, placing the container in the magnetic field range of an electromagnetic stirring device, immersing an ultrasonic generator into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt when the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt is reduced to a preset temperature, simultaneously starting the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator to carry out composite field treatment, pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt subjected to ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring into an extruder die to carry out high-pressure extrusion forming, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy containing fine iron-rich phase structures.
According to the technical scheme, the manufacturing steps of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt are as follows: heating the iron-containing aluminum alloy to fully melt the iron-containing aluminum alloy, then introducing high-purity argon into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt to carry out rotary degassing, and slagging off and standing to obtain the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt.
According to the technical scheme, the thermocouple is further provided and is used for monitoring the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt in real time.
According to the technical scheme, the processing time of the composite field of the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator is 30-60 s.
According to the technical scheme, the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 20 kHz-60 kHz, and the power is 1.2 kW-2.8 kW.
According to the technical scheme, the frequency of the medium-frequency magnetic field of the electromagnetic stirring device is 50 KHz-85 KHz, and the stirring volume power is 5W/cm3～20W/cm3。
According to the technical scheme, the iron-containing aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0 to 18 percent of Si, 0.3 to 5 percent of Fe, 1 to 3.5 percent of Cu and the balance of Al.
According to the technical scheme, the extrusion force of the high-pressure extrusion molding is 0.1GPa-1GPa, and the temperature of an extruder die is 200 ℃ to 300 ℃.
The present invention produces the following advantageous effects.
Firstly, aiming at the problems that the effective action range of an ultrasonic field is limited and the sound flow stirring effect is weak, the invention provides a method for increasing the convection inside a melt by adopting an electromagnetic field to solve the problems. Specifically, the invention provides a composite field processing mode of coupling an electromagnetic field on the basis of an ultrasonic field, wherein a melt is arranged in the range of the electromagnetic field, and the melt is stirred in a non-contact manner by utilizing electromagnetic stirring to promote melt convection, so that the ultrasonic cavitation effect can act on the whole melt under the forced convection generated by the electromagnetic field, and the good and bad complementarity of two physical external fields of the ultrasonic field and the electromagnetic field is realized.
When the metal is solidified under high pressure (0.1GPa-1GPa), the solute diffusion coefficient is reduced, the liquidus temperature of most alloys is increased, and the solid solubility of solute elements is improved, so that the texture structure and the performance which cannot be obtained under normal pressure can be obtained by preparing common alloy materials under the high-pressure condition.
Experiments show that after the Al-10.6Si-0.78Fe alloy is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at the temperature above the liquidus line, die-casting forming is carried out, the long needle-shaped β -Fe phase is refined into polygonal or spherical particles with the size smaller than 15 mu m, the tensile strength and the elongation of the alloy are obviously improved, after the Al-12Si-2Fe alloy melt is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for a certain time, the needle-shaped β -Fe phase is completely converted into the α -Fe phase with the size of about 10 mu m, the needle-shaped β -Fe phase is obviously refined by adopting the two processes, however, the filling speed of liquid metal in the die-casting process is extremely high, gas in a cavity is difficult to remove, and the liquid metal can be remained in the casting in the form of air holes, so that the common die-casting cannot be subjected to heat treatment, the chilling action of the water-cooled copper die is large, and the self has no deformability and air permeability, so that the defects of cold shut, deformation, cracks and the like easily occur.
Theoretical analysis shows that the pressure can effectively increase the nucleation rate in the solidification process and reduce the crystal growth rate, the heat exchange coefficient between the alloy and a casting mold is correspondingly increased along with the increase of the solidification pressure, the cooling rate of the alloy is increased, and the grain size can be reduced by solidification under the pressure, normal pressure (below 100 MPa) extrusion casting can refine the iron-rich phase in the aluminum alloy with low iron content and reduce the harmful effect of iron on the room temperature performance of the alloy, compared with the conventional gravity metal type casting, the extrusion casting enables the acicular iron-rich phase with the length of about 70 mu m in the Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy with the content of 1 percent Fe to be converted into Chinese character shape or block shape, the average length is reduced to about 27 mu m, but no part of the long acicular iron-rich phase exists in the solidification structure of the normal pressure extrusion casting high-iron aluminum alloy, and through the research on the structure and the performance of the extrusion casting Al-8Fe-1.4V-8Si alloy, the main iron-rich phase in the Chinese character shape α -Al-8V-8 Si7(Fe,V)3Si phase and long needle-like β -Al18Fe11A Si phase. Experimental research shows that when metal is solidified under high pressure (0.1 GPa-several GPa), the solute diffusion coefficient is reduced, the liquidus temperature of most alloys is increased, and the solid solubility of solute elements is improved, so that the common alloy material is prepared under the high pressure conditionThe texture and properties that are not obtained at normal pressure are obtained.
In conclusion, in order to uniformly and thoroughly refine the thick needle sheet-shaped iron-rich phase in the aluminum alloy, the alloy melt can be treated by adopting an ultrasonic and electromagnetic composite field, and then a new method of high-pressure extrusion forming is adopted, so that the large-scale industrial production and recycling of iron-containing aluminum alloy parts are realized.
The invention can obviously refine the thick needle sheet iron-rich phase and also refine the α -Al crystal grain and eutectic structure of the matrix, compared with the single ultrasonic treatment, electromagnetic stirring and solidification structure under normal pressure, the invention can obtain better crystal grain refining effect and obviously improve the mechanical property of the alloy, and the invention does not need to add neutralizing elements (such as Mn, Cr and the like) to assist in refining the crystal grains, has no pollution to the alloy components and is convenient for recycling, in addition, the invention adopts ultrasonic vibration and coreless induction electromagnetic stirring composite treatment equipment, has small volume, simple and convenient operation and easy popularization and application.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2a is a scanning electron microscope image of the microstructure of a sample obtained by pouring a gravity metal mold without an external field treatment on an Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy;
FIG. 2b is a scanning electron microscope image of the microstructure of a sample obtained by casting a gravity metal mold through ultrasonic treatment of an Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy;
FIG. 2c is a scanning electron microscope image of the microstructure of a sample obtained by pouring a gravity metal mold through electromagnetic stirring treatment of an Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy;
FIG. 2d is a scanning electron microscope image of the microstructure of a sample obtained by pouring a gravity metal mold through the treatment of an ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field on the Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy;
FIG. 3a is a metallographic image of a microstructure of a sample obtained by subjecting an Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy to ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field treatment and then to extrusion molding at 0 MPa;
FIG. 3b is a gold phase diagram of a sample microstructure obtained by subjecting the Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy to ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field treatment and then to extrusion molding under 400 MPa.
In the figure: 1-ultrasonic amplitude transformer, 2-ultrasonic vibration tool head, 3-electromagnetic stirring device, 4-graphite crucible, 5-metal melt, 6-refractory heat-insulating material, 7-ladle, 8-extruder die, 9-cavity, 10-ejector rod, 11-thermocouple, 12-thermal analysis device, 13-punch head and 14-part.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming of an iron-containing aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt into a container, placing the container in the magnetic field range of an electromagnetic stirring device, immersing an ultrasonic generator into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt when the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt is reduced to a preset temperature, simultaneously starting the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator to carry out composite field treatment, pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt subjected to ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring into an extruder die to carry out high-pressure extrusion forming, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy containing fine iron-rich phase structures.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the manufacturing steps of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt are as follows: heating the iron-containing aluminum alloy to fully melt the iron-containing aluminum alloy, then introducing high-purity argon into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt to carry out rotary degassing, and slagging off and standing to obtain the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt. The invention adopts a rotary degassing method, and inert gas is sprayed into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt through a rotary rotor to form a large amount of dispersed bubbles, so that degassing refining treatment is carried out. In order to improve the degassing efficiency, the number of the inert gas bubbles is increased as much as possible, the diameters of the inert gas bubbles are small, the inert gas bubbles stay in the aluminum liquid for a long time, and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid is stable as much as possible.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a thermocouple for monitoring the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt in real time.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the composite field treatment time of the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator is 30-60 s.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic generator has the oscillation frequency of 20 kHz-60 kHz and the power of 1.2 kW-2.8 kW. The volume power of the ultrasonic vibration is 5-20W/cm3The ultrasonic vibration tool head is made of titanium alloy, and the diameter of the tail end of the cylindrical tool head is 20-40 mm. The air vibration ratio (the ratio of the intermittent time to the vibration time in one working period) and the whole time of the ultrasonic vibration can be adjusted.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the frequency of the medium-frequency magnetic field of the electromagnetic stirring device is 50 KHz-85 KHz, and the stirring volume power is 5W/cm3～20W/cm3. The work and the intermittence time of the electromagnetic stirring device are adjusted by a time relay, so that the alloy melt is electromagnetically stirred while the temperature is slowly reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the iron-containing aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0 to 18 percent of Si, 0.3 to 5 percent of Fe, 1 to 3.5 percent of Cu and the balance of Al.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion force of the high-pressure extrusion molding is 0.1GPa-1GPa, and the temperature of the die of the extruder is 200 ℃ to 300 ℃.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a high-pressure extrusion molding system under an ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field, which comprises a container, an electromagnetic stirring device, an ultrasonic generator and an extruder die. The container adopts a graphite crucible 4, and the graphite crucible 4 is arranged on a refractory heat-insulating material 6. The ultrasonic generator includes an ultrasonic horn 1 and an ultrasonic vibration tool head 2. The extruder die 8 comprises a cavity 8, a punch 13 and a ram 10. When in use, firstly, the alloy is arranged in a graphite crucibleAnd fully melting the crucible 4 in a resistance furnace, introducing high-purity argon, performing rotary degassing for 10min, slagging off, standing, and adjusting the temperature for later use. Inserting a thermocouple 11 into the aluminum alloy melt to monitor the change condition of the melt temperature in real time, immersing the ultrasonic vibration tool head 2 below the liquid level when the temperature is reduced to a preset temperature, simultaneously starting ultrasonic vibration and electromagnetic stirring to carry out compound field treatment for 30-60 s, immediately pouring the obtained metal melt 5 into a preheated cavity 9 of an extruder die 8 through a ladle 7 after the treatment is finished, and carrying out high-pressure extrusion forming to obtain a part 14. In the embodiment, the adopted ultrasonic generator has the oscillation frequency of 20-60 kHz and the volume power of ultrasonic vibration of 5-20W/cm3The ultrasonic vibration tool head is made of titanium alloy, and the diameter of the tail end of the cylindrical tool head is 20-40 mm. The air vibration ratio (the ratio of the intermittent time to the vibration time in one working period) and the whole time of the ultrasonic vibration can be adjusted. The frequency of a medium-frequency magnetic field used by the electromagnetic stirring device is 50-85 KHz, and the stirring volume power is 5-20W/cm3The work and the intermittence time of the electromagnetic stirring device are adjusted by a time relay, so that the melt is electromagnetically stirred while the temperature is slowly reduced. The extrusion force adopted by extrusion molding is 0.1-1 GPa, and the temperature of the die is 200-300 ℃.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples. The alloy material is prepared from pure Al (99.7 percent, mass fraction, the same below), pure Cu (99.99 percent), intermediate alloy Al-20 percent of Si and Al-20 percent of Fe. The nominal chemical composition of the alloy is Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7 Fe. After the alloy is melted at 800 ℃, high-purity argon is introduced to carry out rotary degassing for 10min, and after slagging-off and standing, the temperature is adjusted to 700 ℃ for later use. And scooping about 200g of alloy liquid into a preheated metal sample cup, placing the metal sample cup into an induction coil, and inserting a thermocouple into the aluminum alloy melt to monitor the change condition of the melt temperature in real time. When the temperature drops to a predetermined temperature, the ultrasonic vibration tool head is immersed about 10mm below the liquid surface while ultrasonic vibration and electromagnetic stirring are turned on. The ultrasonic vibration power is 1.6KW, and the frequency is 20 kHz. The output power of the induction coil is 1.4KW, the oscillation frequency is 75kHz, and the working time and the intermittent time of the coil are adjusted by a time relay, so that the melt is electromagnetically stirred while the temperature is slowly reduced. When the temperature is reduced to the preset temperature, the composite field treatment is stopped, and the treatment time is about 60 s. After the ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field treatment is finished, pouring the melt into a gravity metal type sample mold which is preheated to about 200 ℃. In order to contrast the influence of the independent action of the ultrasonic vibration and the electromagnetic stirring, the aluminum alloy melt with the same quality is subjected to ultrasonic vibration or electromagnetic stirring treatment independently in the same temperature zone, and then the gravity metal type sample mold is directly poured. In order to research the influence of the combined action of the compound field and the pressure on the alloy structure and the performance, the alloy melt processed by the ultrasonic/electromagnetic compound field is poured into a die cavity of an extruder die which is preheated to about 200 ℃, then the upper direction and the lower direction are simultaneously pressurized, and the casting is ejected after the pressure is maintained for 60 s. The pressures used were 0 and 400MPa, respectively.
FIG. 2a, FIG. 2b, FIG. 2c and FIG. 2d are scanning electron micrographs of microstructures of samples obtained by pouring a gravity metal mold from Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy through different external field treatments, and it can be seen that β -Al is treated under four conditions of no external field treatment, single electromagnetic stirring treatment, single ultrasonic treatment and ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field treatment5The FeSi phases have average sizes of 47 microns, 36 microns, 26 microns and 20 microns, namely β -Al in the alloy microstructure treated by the ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field5The FeSi phase structure is the finest.
FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b are metallographic photographs of microstructures of samples obtained after the Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-0.7Fe alloy is processed by the ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field and is not subjected to high-pressure extrusion molding, respectively, and it can be clearly seen that as the extrusion force is increased from 0 to 400MPa, primary α -Al grains, iron-rich phases and eutectic structures in the alloy structure are significantly refined, and when the extrusion force is 400MPa, the long-needle-shaped β -Al alloy is in the shape of a long needle5The FeSi phase is refined into a fine fibrous form. The extrusion forces were 0 and 400MPa, respectively, and the tensile strengths of the alloys in the as-cast state were 193MPa and 281MPa, respectively, and the elongations were 1.13% and 2.3%, respectively.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion forming method of the iron-containing aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of: pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt into a container, placing the container in the magnetic field range of an electromagnetic stirring device, immersing an ultrasonic generator into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt when the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt is reduced to a preset temperature, simultaneously starting the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator to carry out composite field treatment, pouring the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt subjected to ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring into an extruder die to carry out high-pressure extrusion forming, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy containing fine iron-rich phase structures.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt of iron-containing aluminum alloy is prepared by the steps of: heating the iron-containing aluminum alloy to fully melt the iron-containing aluminum alloy, then introducing high-purity argon into the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt to carry out rotary degassing, and slagging off and standing to obtain the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt.
3. The combined field treatment and high pressure extrusion molding process of iron-containing aluminum alloy of claim 1, further providing a thermocouple for monitoring the temperature of the iron-containing aluminum alloy melt in real time.
4. The method for composite field treatment and high-pressure extrusion molding of iron-containing aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the composite field treatment time of the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic generator is 30-60 s.
5. The compound field treatment and high pressure extrusion molding method of iron-containing aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic generator has an oscillation frequency of 20kHz to 60kHz and a power of 1.2kW to 2.8 kW.
6. The composite field treatment and high pressure extrusion molding method of iron-containing aluminum alloy according to claim 1,the frequency of the medium-frequency magnetic field of the electromagnetic stirring device is 50 KHz-85 KHz, and the stirring volume power is 5W/cm3～20W/cm3。
7. The composite field treatment and high pressure extrusion forming method of iron-containing aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the iron-containing aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0 to 18 percent of Si, 0.3 to 5 percent of Fe, 1 to 3.5 percent of Cu and the balance of Al.
8. The compound field processing and high-pressure extrusion molding method for iron-containing aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion force of the high-pressure extrusion molding is 0.1GPa-1GPa, and the temperature of the extruder die is 200 ℃ to 300 ℃.
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| CN112210696A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | 东莞理工学院 | High-strength and high-wear-resistance Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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