CN1312783C - 大功率led照明设备的散热方式 - Google Patents
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- F21V29/713—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks using a combination of separate elements interconnected by heat-conducting means, e.g. with heat pipes or thermally conductive bars between separate heat-sink elements in direct thermal and mechanical contact of each other to form a single system
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- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
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Abstract
一种大功率LED灯设备,包括:大功率LED;用于向该LED供应电能的模;固定在该模上的吸热层;以及位于该吸热层与外部环境之间的外壳。该模内的热量传导至该吸热层。该外壳把从吸热层接收到的热量传导至外部环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发光二极管设备。本发明特别适用于发光二极管设备的热消散,因而将具体参照发光二极管的热消散来描述本发明。然而,应当理解,本发明也适合其它类似应用。
背景技术
标准的灯丝灯泡手电筒设备通过把大部分热量辐射到前透镜而把小部分热量辐射到手电筒的内部来散热。辐射到透镜前面的热量散发到外部环境中。这种传统的散热方式适用于标准的灯丝灯泡设备和传统的小功率发光二极管(“LED”)手电筒设备。换言之,当前的小功率LED手电筒不需要特殊的散热设计。
近来出现了较大功率的LED照明设备。这些较大功率LED照明设备(例如手电筒)以不同于普通灯丝灯泡设备的导热路径散热。更具体地,这些较大功率LED照明设备经由阴极(负向端)引线或通过固定在正向模(die)设备上的模来散发大部分热量。所以,传统的散热方式不能充分减小大功率LED设备(例如手电筒)中的热量。结果,较大功率LED设备不得不在较高的工作温度下运行。
较高的工作温度降低了大功率LED照明设备的性能。用各种不同LED所作的实验表明,LED的使用寿命与工作温度成幂指数关系。人们熟知的Arhenius函数是LED老化的近似模型:D随着tekT而变化,其中D是老化程度,t是时间,e是自然对数的底,k是活化常数(activation constant),T是开氏温标的绝对温度。虽然这个公式并不一定精确,并且很明显与设备有关,但在指定的LED系列里,可以令人满意地模拟经验数据。这个现实的影响是很显著的。在室温(25℃)下LED的使用寿命实际上可以达到10万个小时,而在大约90℃下工作的话,LED的使用寿命可能减小到小于7000个小时。
因为没有出现一种有效的装置来消极地冷却较大功率LED照明设备中的LED模,所以在较大功率照明设备中所用的LED的使用寿命降低了。
本发明提供一种新的改进装置以及一种克服上述及其它问题的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种有效的装置或方法来冷却较大功率LED照明设备中的LED模。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种LED照明设备的散热装置,包括:LED;向所述LED供应电能的模;包括第一部分和第二部分的吸热层,其中,所述第一部分支撑所述LED,而所述第二部分是导热衬套,所述吸热层固定在所述模上,所述模内的热量被传导至所述导热衬套;以及与所述导热衬套围绕接触的外壳,所述热量经由所述外壳从所述导热衬套转移至外部环境。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种大功率LED灯设备,包括:大功率LED;向所述LED供应电能的模;固定在所述模上的吸热层,所述模内的热量传导至所述吸热层,所述吸热层具有支承LED的第一部分以及包围并且与所述第一部分接触的第二部分;以及所述吸热层与外部环境之间的外壳,所述外壳与所述吸热层的第二部分固定在一起,从而在两者之间形成热接触,所述外壳把从所述吸热层接收到的热量传导至所述外部环境。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种制造大功率LED灯设备的方法,所述方法包括:铸造包括中间支承部分和圆周衬套部分的吸热层衬套组;把大功率LED固定在所述中间支承部分上,所述LED内的热量传导至所述吸热层衬套部分,并分散在所述吸热层衬套部分中;以及把外壳固定在所述吸热层衬套部分与外部环境之间,所述外壳把从所述吸热层衬套部分接收到的热量传递至所述外部环境。
根据本发明的再一方面,提供了一种LED照明设备,包括:导热吸热层,具有相互连接在一起的底部和衬套部分,所述衬套部分包括从所述底部延伸的壁,所述壁形成包围着壁内一中空区域的圆周,所述壁还具有从所述中空区域面向外的表面;与所述吸热层的所述衬套部分连接的外壳,所述外壳具有内表面和外表面,所述内表面在圆周上与所述吸热层衬套部分的壁的面向外的表面一致,所述外表面与所述LED照明设备的外部环境用直接辐射热联通;以及设置在所述吸热层底部上的LED组件,所述LED组件包括被有选择地通电而发光的LED,其中通过给所述LED通电而产生的热量通过所述吸热层传导至所述外壳,并从所述外壳辐射至所述LED照明设备的外部环境。
LED照明设备的散热***包括:LED;向LED供应电能的模;固定在该模上的导热材料部分;以及该导热材料部分周围的外体。模内的热量被传导至导热材料部分。该热量经由外体从导热材料部分转移至外部环境。
根据本发明的一个方面,模支承位于所述模与所述导热材料部分之间。模内的热量经由模支承转移至导热材料部分。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述导热材料部分包括金属材料。
根据本发明进一步限定的方面,所述导热材料部分是金属材料制成的整体外壳。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述导热材料部分是衬套组。
根据本发明的另一方面,电路板被固定在所述传导性材料部分上。
根据本发明的另一方面,热量经由传导从导热材料部分转移至外体。
根据本发明进一步限定的方面,热量经由对流从外体转移至外部环境。
根据本发明的另一方面,热量通过导热材料部分与外体之间的接触,从导热材料部分转移至外体。
根据本发明的另一方面,导热材料部分与外体之间的导热粘合剂把热量从导热材料部分转移至外体。
本发明的一个优点是,它为较大功率LED照明设备提供了高效散热设计。
本发明的另一优点是,它为LED照明设备提供了较长的使用寿命。
对于本领域普通技术人员来说,在阅读并理解下面对本发明优选实施例的详细说明后,本发明的还有其它一些优点将会变得更加清楚。
附图说明
本发明由各种元件和元件的配置以及各种步骤及步骤的配置构成。附图只是为了描述优选实施例,而不应被理解为是对本发明的限制。
图1是本发明第一实施例的具有散热装置的大功率LED灯设备的剖面图;
图2是本发明第二实施例的具有散热装置的大功率LED灯设备的剖面图;以及
图3是本发明第三实施例的具有散热装置的大功率LED灯设备的剖面图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,LED照明设备10包括机械地固定在模14中的发光二极管(“LED”)12。在优选实施例中,LED 12是大功率LED(例如,输入功率大于或等于约0.25瓦特的LED)。
模14从电源(未示出)接收电能,并把接收到的电能供给LED12。在该优选实施例中,电源是电池(如直流电池);然而,应当理解,也可以使用其它电源(如交流或直流电源)。模支承(模连接物)16的第一侧固定在模14上。作为吸热层20的导热材料部分固定在模支承16的第二侧上。模14内的热量经由模支承16转移至吸热层20。外体(外壳)22固定在导热材料部分周围。该热量经由外体22从吸热层20转移至外部环境24。在该优选实施例中,来自模14的热量主要转移至吸热层20,然后通过传导(而不是辐射或对流)转移至外体22。而且,热量最好通过对流从外体22转移至外部环境24。
通常,模14和模支承16包含的材料例如GaN、含银的环氧树脂和/或金属铅框架(metallic lead frame assemblies)。
可选择地,具有或不具有热平面的印刷电路板(“PCB”)26固定在导热材料部分20上。该PCB控制供给LED 12的能源,并帮助从模14散发热量。
在该优选实施例中,吸热层20包含金属材料(如铜或铝)。但是,也可以使用其它导热材料(如镁和/或铜合金(黄铜))。例如,在该优选实施例中,吸热层20被铸造成金属材料制成的整体外壳。另外,吸热层20包括第一和第二部分20a、20b,这两个部分分别形成衬套组。更具体地,衬套组的第一部分20a是圆盘形状,而第二部分20b基本上是圆筒形状并在一个方向上延伸以包围LED 12、模14、和模支承16。吸热层20的第一和第二部分20a、20b的直径小于外体22的直径。优选地,外体22基本上包围吸热层20。
导热粘合剂30(例如含金属的环氧树脂)把外体22固定在导热材料部分20上。因此,来自吸热层20的热量经由导热粘合剂30转移至外体22。在另一个实施例中,通过把吸热层20与外体22紧密配合来代替使用导热粘合剂30。这种紧密配合是通过各种方式(例如干涉配合或过成型(overmolding))而实现的。
用于保护LED 12、LED模14和模支承16,并用于使LED 12产生的光聚焦的透镜32固定在外壳22一端的附近。优选地,透镜32大体上是圆盘形状,且直径稍小于外壳22,从而保证该透镜通过摩擦力固定在外壳22内。也可以通过其它化学/机械方法固定该透镜,这些方法例如(但不限于)粘合、超声波焊接、搭扣配合或振动焊接。
通过把大功率LED 12固定在模14上而制造出LED照明装置10。模14和导热材料部分20安装在模支承16上。在这种方式中,模14中的热量传导至导热材料部分20,并分散在该导热材料部分中。外壳22固定在导热材料部分20与外部环境24之间。粘合剂30可以选择涂覆在外壳22与导热材料部分20中的一个上。然后,导热材料部分20通过摩擦力固定在外壳22内。如果涂覆了粘合剂30的话,还可以进一步固定导热材料部分20与外壳22。
本发明的第二实施例如图2所示。方便起见,在图2所示的实施例中,与图1所示的实施例中的各元件相应的那些元件的附图标记比图1中相应元件的附图标记大100。新元件使用新的附图标记。
参照图2,吸热层50是一个衬套组,分别包括第一和第二部分50a、50b。在优选实施例中,衬套组的第一部分50a是圆盘形状,而第二部分50b大体上是圆筒形状。但是,在第二实施例中,吸热层50的第二部分50b在远离LED 112、模114、和模支承116的方向上延伸。而且,吸热层50的第一和第二部分50a、50b的直径小于外体122的直径,且外体122大体上包围吸热层50。
图2中所示的吸热层50的边缘直接接触外体(外壳)122,从而吸热层50能通过摩擦力固定在外壳122内。换言之,不像图1中所示的LED照明装置10,在图2中所示的LED照明装置110的吸热层50与外壳122之间没有导热粘合剂。
虽然图1所示的实施例包括粘合剂30,而图2中的实施例不包括粘合剂,但是,应当理解,在图1和图2所示的各实施例的任何一个中,既可以包括导热粘合剂,也可以不包括导热粘合剂。
本发明的第三实施例如图3所示。方便起见,在图3所示的实施例中,与图1所示的实施例中的各元件相应的那些元件的附图标记比图1中相应元件的附图标记大200。新元件使用新的附图标记。
参照图3,吸热层60是圆盘形状。吸热层60的直径小于外体222的直径。而且,外体222基本上包围吸热层60。在该实施例中,来自模214的热量传导至吸热层60,并分散在该吸热层中。到达吸热层60边缘的热量转移(例如传导)至外体(外壳)222。然后,该热量从外体(外壳)222转移(例如辐射)至外部环境224。
可以考虑将本发明的散热装置集成在多种LED照明设备(例如手电筒、点LED照明单元等)之一中。
上面已经参照了优选实施例描述了本发明。很明显,在阅读并理解前面具体描述的基础上,可以对本发明作改进和改变。本发明将覆盖落入所附权利要求或其等同物范围内的那些改进及改变。
Claims (22)
1.一种LED照明设备的散热装置,包括:
LED;
向所述LED供应电能的模;
包括第一部分和第二部分的吸热层,其中,所述第一部分支撑所述LED,而所述第二部分是导热衬套,所述吸热层固定在所述模上,所述模内的热量被传导至所述导热衬套;以及
与所述导热衬套围绕接触的外壳,所述热量经由所述外壳从所述导热衬套转移至外部环境。
2.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中所述吸热层还包括:
模支承部分,设置在所述导热衬套内部,并用于支承所述模,所述模内的热量经由所述模支承部分转移至所述导热衬套。
3.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中,所述导热衬套包括金属材料。
4.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中,所述吸热层是金属材料制成的整体外壳。
5.如权利要求2所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,还包括:固定在导热材料上的电路板。
6.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中,所述热量经由传导从所述导热衬套转移至所述外壳。
7.如权利要求6所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中,所述热量经由对流从所述外壳转移至所述外部环境。
8.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,其中,所述热量通过所述衬套与所述外壳之间的接触,从所述导热衬套转移至所述外壳。
9.如权利要求1所述的LED照明设备的散热装置,还包括:
所述导热衬套与所述外壳之间的导热粘合剂,所述热量经由所述导热粘合剂从所述导热衬套转移至所述外壳。
10.一种大功率LED灯设备,包括:
大功率LED;
向所述LED供应电能的模;
固定在所述模上的吸热层,所述模内的热量传导至所述吸热层,所述吸热层具有支承LED的第一部分以及包围并且与所述第一部分接触的第二部分;以及
所述吸热层与外部环境之间的外壳,所述外壳与所述吸热层的第二部分固定在一起,从而在两者之间形成热接触,所述外壳把从所述吸热层接收到的热量传导至所述外部环境。
11.如权利要求10所述的大功率LED灯设备,还包括:
固定在所述模和所述吸热层上的模固定构件,所述模内的热量经由所述模固定构件转移至所述吸热层。
12.如权利要求10所述的大功率LED灯设备,其中,所述吸热层由所述外壳包围。
13.如权利要求10所述的大功率LED灯设备,其中,所述吸热层的第二部分通过摩擦力与所述外壳固定在一起。
14.如权利要求10所述的大功率LED灯设备,还包括:
所述吸热层与所述外壳之间的粘合剂,所述热量经由所述粘合剂从所述吸热层传导至所述外壳。
15.如权利要求10所述的大功率LED灯设备,其中:
所述吸热层的第二部分呈圆筒形状;
所述吸热层的第一部分是圆盘形状,并在圆盘的圆周表面处与所述第二部分的内表面接触;以及
所述外壳包括呈圆筒形状的部分,所述外壳的呈圆筒形状的部分包围着所述吸热层的呈圆筒形状的第二部分。
16.一种制造大功率LED灯设备的方法,所述方法包括:
铸造包括中间支承部分和圆周衬套部分的吸热层衬套组;
把大功率LED固定在所述中间支承部分上,所述LED内的热量传导至所述吸热层衬套部分,并分散在所述吸热层衬套部分中;以及
把外壳固定在所述吸热层衬套部分与外部环境之间,所述外壳把从所述吸热层衬套部分接收到的热量传递至所述外部环境。
17.如权利要求16所述的制造大功率LED灯设备的方法,其中,所述固定LED的步骤包括:
在所述LED与所述中间支承部分之间安装模支承,所述LED内的热量经由所述模支承传导至所述中间支承部分。
18.如权利要求16所述的制造大功率LED灯设备的方法,其中,所述固定外壳的步骤包括:
在所述外壳与所述吸热层衬套组的圆周衬套部分之间涂覆粘合剂,所述热量经由所述粘合剂从所述衬套转移至所述外壳。
19.如权利要求16所述的制造大功率LED灯设备的方法,其中,所述固定外壳的步骤包括:
使所述外壳与所述吸热层衬套组的圆周衬套部分摩擦连接,通过所述摩擦连接,所述热量从所述衬套转移至所述外壳。
20.一种LED照明设备,包括:
导热吸热层,具有相互连接在一起的底部和衬套部分,所述衬套部分包括从所述底部延伸的壁,所述壁形成包围着壁内一中空区域的圆周,所述壁还具有从所述中空区域面向外的表面;
与所述吸热层的所述衬套部分连接的外壳,所述外壳具有内表面和外表面,所述内表面在圆周上与所述吸热层衬套部分的壁的面向外的表面一致,所述外表面与所述LED照明设备的外部环境用直接辐射热联通;以及
设置在所述吸热层底部上的LED组件,所述LED组件包括被有选择地通电而发光的LED,其中通过给所述LED通电而产生的热量通过所述吸热层传导至所述外壳,并从所述外壳辐射至所述LED照明设备的外部环境。
21.如权利要求20所述的设备,其中,所述底部是平板,且所述衬套部分的壁从所述平板的垂直方向延伸。
22.如权利要求21所述的设备,其中,所述吸热层由金属材料制成。
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DE59107276D1 (de) | 1990-09-25 | 1996-02-29 | Siemens Ag | Abschaltbarer Thyristor |
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US5898211A (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1999-04-27 | Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. | Laser diode package with heat sink |
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WO2000037314A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Ir diode based high intensity light |
TW512214B (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2002-12-01 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Luminaire |
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US6517218B2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-02-11 | Relume Corporation | LED integrated heat sink |
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- 2001-03-29 US US09/681,400 patent/US6481874B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-03-29 CN CNB028090845A patent/CN1312783C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-29 EP EP02721632A patent/EP1374319B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-29 AT AT02721632T patent/ATE364904T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-29 DE DE60220653T patent/DE60220653T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-29 WO PCT/US2002/009917 patent/WO2002080289A1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1535482A (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
ATE364904T1 (de) | 2007-07-15 |
EP1374319A1 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
DE60220653T2 (de) | 2008-02-14 |
US6481874B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 |
US20020141197A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
DE60220653D1 (de) | 2007-07-26 |
WO2002080289A1 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
EP1374319B1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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