CN1310711C - Reverse temperature field extrusion process for producing microcrystal magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Reverse temperature field extrusion process for producing microcrystal magnesium alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1310711C
CN1310711C CNB2005100099056A CN200510009905A CN1310711C CN 1310711 C CN1310711 C CN 1310711C CN B2005100099056 A CNB2005100099056 A CN B2005100099056A CN 200510009905 A CN200510009905 A CN 200510009905A CN 1310711 C CN1310711 C CN 1310711C
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magnesium alloy
temperature
extrusion
temperature field
blank
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CN1672828A (en
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王尔德
于洋
王晓琳
胡连喜
刘祖岩
孙宏飞
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to an extruding method for fabricating a reverse temperature field of crystallite magnesium alloy, which is the improvement of extruding methods. The present invention is accomplished by the following method: an extrusion die is preheated, and a magnesium alloy billet is put in the extrusion die; the temperature of the extrusion die is controlled to be consistent with surface temperature of the billet or is 30 DEG C to 50 DEG C higher than the surface temperature of the billet; the difference of the temperature of the central part of the billet and the surface temperature is controlled within the range of 20 DEG C to 400 DEG C; under the conditions that an extrusion ratio is from 2 to 64, the speed of a plunger tip of the extrusion die is from 20 to 30mm. S<-1>, extrusion is carried out. The magnesium alloy is extruded according to the reverse temperature field given by the present invention, when the extrusion ratio is from 4 to 6, grains can be refined grain below 10 mum, and an optimal size can be controlled below 5 mum. When the reverse temperature field is used for extruding, the grains can be greatly refined, and thus, the plasticity of magnesium alloy after extruding can be greatly enhanced, and an elongation rate can reach more than 20%. The present invention has the advantages of simple technology, low cost, high productive efficiency and enhanced magnesium alloy plasticity, and can be used for producing magnesium alloy rods, plates, sections and pipes.

Description

A kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process
Technical field:
The present invention is the improvement to pressing method.
Background technology:
Magnesium is the abundantest metals of earth's crust surface mineral resources, and China accounts for 1/3 of world's magnesium ore resources.Magnesium is metal the lightest in the structural metallic materials, and its density only is 1.74g/cm 3, be 2/3 of aluminium density.Magnesium alloy has high specific strength and specific stiffness, good resistance to impact and anti-seismic performance, characteristics that capability of electromagnetic shielding is good, is expected to replace engineering plastics to make case material, is described as 21 century cleaning material recyclable and free from environmental pollution.In fields such as Aero-Space, automobile, train, light rail train, telecommunications, household electrical appliance, increasingly extensive application will be obtained.
Magnesium alloy belongs to the close-packed hexagonal crystal structure, and its plasticity is poor, difficulty is carried out plastic working, and particularly magnesium alloy sheet production is more difficult, and production efficiency is low, and the cost height costs an arm and a leg, and has limited the magnesium alloy range of application, makes magnesium alloy not reach the aluminium alloy popularization.For this reason, seek low-cost, efficient, excellent performance, the further new process of production magnesium alloy rod, sheet material, section bar, tubing of plastic working moulding, become the research topic of domestic and international extensive concern.
The processing method of tradition magnesium alloy can only be hot extrusion, and extrusion temperature is between 300~400 ℃, and extrusion speed is slower, production efficiency is low, extrusion bar and sheet material crystal grain are bigger, and main performance index is a percentage elongation, and internal and international percentage elongation standard the best is about 12%.Traditional magnesium alloy hot-extrusion method is that blank heating is put into mould to uniform temperature, the mould and die preheating uniform temperature generally is lower than blank heating temperature, form a forward temperature field, that is to say that blank heart portion temperature is apparently higher than the blank surface temperature, add the mould inner surface frictional influence, blank heart portion flow of metal flowing velocity causes significant plastic deformation inhomogeneous apparently higher than blank surface when making extruding, if blank and mold temperature are all lower, the very easy magnesium alloy when extruding cracking that makes.
Improve magnesium alloy plasticity, whole world scientific worker is making great efforts to improve or improve magnesium alloy plasticity, only make magnesium alloy grains below 10 μ m, just might increase substantially magnesium alloy plasticity, magnesium alloy just helps follow-up plastic working forming part like this.
Reach very difficulty of the following size of 10 μ m by hot rolling of traditional magnesium alloy multi-pass and the cold rolling crystal grain thinning of multi-pass.The new process of refinement magnesium alloy crystal grain mainly contains both at home and abroad at present: rapid solidification powder jacket pushes hot rolling again, the hot rolling again of mechanical alloying powder jacket compactly extruding, equal channel angle formula extruding (ECAE) method.These methods can make magnesium alloy grains arrive the sub-micron order of magnitude, yet these method cost height are difficult to produce in enormous quantities.Ripe at present new process is a rapid solidification double-roller rolling technology, the magnesium alloy crystallite dimension is reached below the 10 μ m, all take rapid solidification casting magnesium alloy plate as domestic University Of Chongqing, Fuzhou Huamei New Technology Development Co., Ltd., Australian national science and technology and industrial research center etc.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention exists significant plastic deformation inhomogeneous in order to solve the magnesium alloy extruding, grain refining effect is not remarkable, shortcoming easy to crack during extruding, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process is provided, this method can once be pushed the magnesium alloy of producing the following crystallite dimension of 10 μ m from the as-cast structure coarse grain, help improving or improving magnesium alloy plasticity, it is applicable to the bar of extrusion molding manufacturing magnesium alloy, sheet material, section bar or tubing, it is processed according to following step: pre-hot-extrusion mold, control extrusion die temperature is consistent with the blank surface temperature or be higher than 30~50 ℃ of blank surface temperature, the magnesium alloy blank is put into mould, heart portion and surface temperature difference are controlled at 100~320 ℃ of scopes, extrusion ratio can be chosen in 4~6 scopes, preferred 6.25, extrusion die drift speed is 22mmS -1About condition under push.
Different with traditional magnesium alloy hot extrusion process method, when the present invention adopts the reverse temperature field extruding, magnesium alloy blank heart portion and surface temperature are in 20~400 ℃ of scopes, the blank surface temperature is apparently higher than blank heart portion temperature, magnesium alloy blank reverse temperature field thermograde is pressed blank heart portion and the control of surface temperature difference, temperature difference is controlled between 100 ℃~320 ℃, temperature difference capping when billet size is big, and a billet size hour temperature difference takes off limit.During extruding, blank forms the thermograde that the surface is higher than heart portion, is referred to as reverse temperature field.Because the reverse temperature field extrusion magnesium alloy has improved the inhomogeneities of distortion, and extrusion afterbody pit is diminished; Because reverse temperature field crimp is more even relatively, so the grain size of extrusion is also more even, prevented that the extruded bars coarse grain ring from forming.The reverse temperature field extrusion magnesium alloy that provides by the present invention, but extrusion ratio at 4~6 o'clock crystal grain thinnings below 10 μ m, the best can be controlled in below the 5 μ m.The reverse temperature field extruding is compared crystal grain thinning significantly with general hot extrusion, plasticity after the therefore general magnesium alloy extruding all improves a lot, percentage elongation can reach more than 20%, improve a lot than traditional hot extrusion magnesium alloy spare percentage elongation about 12%, its percentage elongation improves 66.7% at least, helps the plastic working forming part of realizing that magnesium alloy is follow-up.The present invention is not only applicable to magnesium alloy, is applicable to kirsite, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy yet, and is mainly bigger to the difficult-to-deformation material meaning.This method can an extrusion molding, and maximum extrusion ratio reaches 64 and do not crack; Extrusion speed is very fast, and extruding drift speed can reach 20mmS -1More than, can improve stock utilization 10~20%; Best extrusion ratio is under 4~6 situation, can make the AZ31 magnesium alloy grains, average grain size can refine to below the 10 μ m, its tensile strength of AZ31 magnesium alloy reaches about 270MPa, percentage elongation reaches 24~28%, the advantage that it has, and technology is simple, cost is low, production efficiency is high, improve magnesium alloy plasticity.
The specific embodiment:
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is processed according to following step: in order to reduce friction, the surface of extrusion die takes traditional oil base graphite or water-based graphite to lubricate; Pre-hot-extrusion mold, control extrusion die temperature is consistent with the blank surface temperature or be higher than 30~50 ℃ of blank surface temperature, blank is put into mould, guarantee that the blank surface temperature is apparently higher than heart portion temperature, heart portion and surface temperature difference are controlled at 100~320 ℃ of scopes, magnesium alloy blank heart portion temperature can be adjusted in 20 ℃ of scopes, and the large scale blank can be in 80 ℃ of scopes; The temperature on surface can be adjusted in 300 ℃ or the 200 ℃ of scopes, and the large scale blank can be in 80~400 ℃ of scopes; Be 2~64 in extrusion ratio then, extrusion die drift speed is 20~30mmS -1Condition under push.The extrusion ratio of present embodiment all can realize in 2~64 scopes, not crack; When selecting large extrusion ratio, the influence that the temperature that fuel factor produces in the time of must considering extruding raises.Blank heart portion metal flow speed was starkly lower than blank limit portion metal flow speed when reverse temperature field extrusion process began, because extruding heats up and the conduction of extrusion process heat is accelerated than beginning, the blank surface and the heart portion temperature difference of extrusion billet latter half are reduced, that is to say that the thermograde of extrusion process reverse temperature field changes.In order to guarantee whole extrusion process all the time at the reverse temperature field state, high extrusion speed is favourable, and extrusion speed of the present invention for this reason is higher than conventional extruded speed, is chosen in 20~30mmS -1
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is that example describes with the AZ31 magnesium alloy, and concrete process conditions are as follows:
A, billet size Φ 40 * 60mm, extrusion ratio is 6.25, extrusion bar Φ 16mm;
The thermograde of b, reverse temperature field is by four kinds of scheme controls, and blank surface and heart portion temperature difference are respectively 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃;
C, extrusion die inner surface oiling foundation stone China ink lubricate, and the extrusion die preheat temperature is undertaken by the temperature among the b respectively;
D, extruding drift movement velocity are 22mmS -1
The extruding force of e, four kinds of schemes is respectively: 1000MPa, 800MPa, 600MPa, 500MPa;
F, extrusion ratio be the crystallite dimension of 4~6 reverse temperature field extruding AZ31 magnesium alloy below 10 μ m, be below the 5 μ m if the extrusion temperature gradient under 100 ℃~150 ℃ situations, can obtain optimum grain size; The AZ31 magnesium alloy at the material property of extrusion ratio 6.25 reverse temperature fields extruding is: tensile strength sigma b: 272MPa, percentage elongation δ: 24%, tensile strength sigma bReach as high as 275MPa, percentage elongation reaches 28%.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process, it is characterized in that it is processed according to following step: pre-hot-extrusion mold, the magnesium alloy blank is put into extrusion die, control extrusion die temperature is consistent with the blank surface temperature or be higher than 30 ℃~50 ℃ of blank surface temperature, blank heart portion and surface temperature difference are 4~6 or 6.25 in extrusion ratio, extrusion die drift speed is 22mmS then in 100 ℃~320 ℃ scopes -1Condition under push.
2, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process according to claim 1, the inner surface that it is characterized in that extrusion die scribble oil base graphite or water-based graphite is lubricated.
3, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process according to claim 1 is characterized in that magnesium alloy blank heart portion temperature is 80 ℃, and surface temperature is 400 ℃.
4, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process according to claim 1 is characterized in that magnesium alloy blank heart portion temperature is 20 ℃, and surface temperature is 300 ℃.
5, a kind of manufacturing microcrystal magnesium alloy reverse temperature field extrusion process according to claim 1 is characterized in that magnesium alloy blank heart portion temperature is 20 ℃, and surface temperature is 200 ℃.
CNB2005100099056A 2005-04-19 2005-04-19 Reverse temperature field extrusion process for producing microcrystal magnesium alloy Expired - Fee Related CN1310711C (en)

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Cited By (1)

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WO2009094857A1 (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-08-06 Haerbin Institute Of Technology Reverse temperature field rolling method for mg alloy sheet

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CN101121979B (en) * 2007-09-20 2010-12-01 上海交通大学 Method for preparing Mg-Zn-Zr deformation magnesium alloy
CN101892445B (en) * 2010-07-07 2011-11-09 中南大学 Method for preparing magnesium alloy bar with superhigh intensity by powerful deformation
CN102397899A (en) * 2010-09-09 2012-04-04 无锡鸿声铝业有限公司 Production technology of connecting rod aluminium section
CN102059266A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-05-18 张文丛 Extrusion deformation method of aluminium alloy profile
CN102059483B (en) * 2010-12-29 2012-11-28 重庆研镁科技有限公司 Production process for magnesium alloy extrusion soldering wire
CN103240292A (en) * 2013-04-12 2013-08-14 河南理工大学 Production method and device for magnesium alloy thin-wall pipe
CN105256263B (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-10-03 天津东义镁制品股份有限公司 The heat treatment method of magnesium alloy
CN105970130B (en) * 2016-05-31 2018-02-16 东北大学 A kind of method that alternately backward extrusion prepares fine grain magnesium alloy
CN107081341B (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-16 山东省科学院新材料研究所 A kind of magnesium alloy extrusion preparation method of high-strength high-plasticity
CN115896656B (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-12-29 兰州理工大学 Reverse temperature field low-temperature strong plastic processing preparation method of magnesium alloy with superfine mixed crystal structure

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