CN1293182C - Large-scale movable laterally ventilating thick-layer fermentation apparatus and process - Google Patents

Large-scale movable laterally ventilating thick-layer fermentation apparatus and process Download PDF

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CN1293182C
CN1293182C CNB031595693A CN03159569A CN1293182C CN 1293182 C CN1293182 C CN 1293182C CN B031595693 A CNB031595693 A CN B031595693A CN 03159569 A CN03159569 A CN 03159569A CN 1293182 C CN1293182 C CN 1293182C
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fermentation
solid
tank
pot
case
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CN1526812A (en
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薛泉宏
来航线
丁毅
袁虎林
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Northwest A&F University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/52—Mobile; Means for transporting the apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • C12M29/08—Air lift

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a mobile side direction ventilation heavy layer solid-state fermentation pot (tank) capable of achieving continuous production, which belongs to the technical field of a microbe solid-state fermentation biologic reactor, and the mobile side direction ventilation heavy layer solid-state fermentation pot (tank) is needed by scale solid-state aerobic fermentation and saves spaces, human power and energy consumption. The mobile side direction ventilation heavy layer solid-state fermentation pot (tank) is composed of a vertical barrel-type pot (or square tank) body, a vertical ventilation circular pipe in the pot (tank), a moving device and a pot (tank) bottom discharge port, wherein the outer wall of the pot (tank) and the ventilation pipe in the pot (tank) are both uniformly distributed with circular ventilating holes, and the circular ventilating holes can be used for naturally (in the early stage) supplying oxygen and supplying the oxygen in a pressurizing mode (in a fermentation peak stage) into a solid-state fermentation material layer in the pot (tank) from the inner surface and the outer surface of the pot (tank), discharging CO2 and radiating heat. The mobile side direction ventilation heavy layer solid-state fermentation pot (tank) is provided with a connecting device, the connecting device can cause a plurality of reactors to be connected in series, the reactors are dragged by a tractor, the reactors operate among a charge workshop, a fermentation workshop and a drying workshop, and the large-scale solid-state fermentation flow operation of aerobic bacteria is achieved. The mobile side direction ventilation heavy layer solid-state fermentation pot (tank) is used for the solid-state aerobic fermentation of microbe products, such as fungus, actinomycete, etc.

Description

A kind of portable side direction ventilation thick-layer fermentation equipment and technology of mass-producing fermentation usefulness
Technical field
The invention belongs to microorganism solid fermentation bioreactor technology field.Relate generally to and a kind ofly can satisfy extensive solid-state aerobic fermentation needs, save production space, manpower and energy consumption, can realize the solid-state portable side direction ventilation bio-reactor of quantity-produced.
Background technology
Solid state fermentation has the irreplaceable advantages of liquid state fermentation such as equipment less investment, management expectancy are low, less energy consumption, in fungies such as enzyme preparations such as cellulase, single-cell protein fermentation, microbial fertilizer and the production of ray fungi microbial product crucial meaning is arranged.But there is heat and mass difficulty height in solid state fermentation, stirs difficulty, and labour intensity hand-manipulated is big, and production site space utilization ratio is hanged down and reached shortcomings such as industrial scale is little, is difficult to reach the requirement of required serialization of industrial production and mass-producing.The reactor kind of solid state fermentation is more, traditional simple reaction device mainly contains tray method and Quchi method etc., advanced have rotary drum and a gas-phase double-dynamic solid fermentation device etc., but for the extensive solid state fermentation production of 200～300 tons of day outputs, existing solid-state fermentation installation all is difficult to meet the demands.The improvement that is applicable to the solid-state aerobe reactor of large scale continuous prod is still the significant problem that the solid state fermentation field needs to be resolved hurrily.
China produces about 2,000 ten thousand t of apple per year, annual about 1,000,000 t of apple residue that discharge of Sucus Mali pumilae processing.At present, except that a small amount of pomace is used as the feed, most abandoneds.Apple residue water content height (70%～82%), and have the great amount of soluble nutritive substance, for microbial growth provides favourable condition, so it is smelly very easily to rot when apple residue is discarded, serious environment pollution and cause the wasting of resources.With the pomace is raw material, utilizes microbial fermentation to produce protein fodder, and to solving China's protein feed resources shortage, improving fruit plantation and processing industry benefit, reducing environmental pollution all has important use to be worth.According to incompletely statistics, family surplus the existing Sucus Mali pumilae factory 60 of China, the fruit juice factory that the daily output slag is 200～300 tons is a lot, a requirement that utilizes fermentation of traditional tray and Quchi and advanced equipment such as rotary drum all can't satisfy day to handle 200～300 tons of pomaces.Apple residue single-cell protein feed fermentation period 2～3 days utilizes traditional Quchi method to carry out the thick-layer ventilating fermentation and takes up room greatly (a ton raw material ferments simultaneously surplus in the of 400～1000), is difficult to carry out continuous production.Being suitable for the solid-state aerobic fermentation equipment of mass industrialized continuous production has become the limiting factor of solid-state large volume fermenting raw materials productions such as apple residue.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of portable side direction ventilation thick-layer fermentation equipment and technology thereof.This novel aerobic solid bio-reactor is applicable to the extensive solid state fermentation that utilizes fermentation of apple pulp manufacture order cell protein feed, utilizes agricultural byproduct production of cellulose enzymes such as rice and wheat stalk and other similar product.
This new-type bioreactor comprises discharge gate (8) the 4 parts composition of main body container (1), ventpipe (5), running gear (11), main body container bottom.
1. reactor body container (1): be by cylindrical tank (or square casing) 1～1.5 meter of the diameter or the length of side, high 2m, the ventilating pit (4) of uniform distribution diameter 2cm on jar (case) outer wall, pitch of holes 4cm; Jar (case) openable bung with holes (3) that adds suitable for reading, bottom surface is formed slopely discharge gate (8) (Figure of description 1).
2. ventpipe (5): diameter 20cm, ventpipe (5) central axis and jar (case) shape reactor center dead in line (Figure of description 1).Also uniform distribution diameter 2cm ventilating pit on the airway wall, pitch of holes 4cm is used for to the oxygen supply of bed of material side direction, discharges CO 2And heat radiation; Pair of lamina taper gas valve (2) is arranged at the ventpipe top, the upper strata of taper gas valve (2) is gas valve shaft collar (10), lower floor is gas valve movable disk (9), and movable disk (9) is controlled by gas valve (7): rotation gas valve (7) can be controlled the opening of ventpipe top gas valve (2) and close (Figure of description 1).
At the fermentation initial stage, oxygen requirement is few, opens gas valve (2), utilize the interior air of ventpipe (5) flow naturally and ventpipe on solid state fermentation bed of material lateral diffusion oxygen supply, the discharge CO of ventilating pit to reactor (1) in 2And heat radiation, the contact area of increase solid substances and air; At the vigorous mid-term stage of fermentation, the breeding of microorganism raised growth, oxygen requirement is big, oxygen supply deficiency, CO in the solid-state bed of material 2Too high levels and fermentation material temperature sharply rise, depend merely on the nature oxygen supply and can not satisfy oxygen requirement and the heat radiation needs of microorganism, so when expecting temperature greater than 28～30 ℃, close gas valve (2), feed pressurization humidifying and purifying air, make in the ventpipe forced air by the ventilating pit acceleration side on the tube wall to by the bed of material, discharge through the tank wall pore, reach and strengthen the side direction oxygen supply, discharge CO in the bed of material 2And the purpose of lower material temperature falls.
3. running gear (11): for having the reactor base of 4 rollers (12), reactor is fixed on (Figure of description 2) on this base.This device is used for solid-state fermentation reactor and moves to charging room, sweathouse and dry house from the autoclaving cabinet along trapped orbit (13) operation
4. discharge port (8): be positioned at the below of main body container (1), be used for fermentation ends secondary fermentation product and under action of gravity, discharge (Figure of description 1) automatically.
Embodiment.
The application example 1 of this new-type bioreactor (the extensive unsterilised fermentation of extensive style raw material): with fruit juice factory apple residue is that fermenting raw materials manufacture order cell protein feed is that example is illustrated.
Through multiple working procedures such as washings, the fruit face was comparatively clean before apple was squeezed the juice; Nutritive substances such as more wild yeast and soluble sugar are arranged in the pomace; Pomace pH is slightly acidic, and is favourable to fungal growth.In actual production, can be by increasing starter consumption control varied bacteria growing, to realize with the purpose of fresh fruit slag without sterilization direct fermentation, the saving energy.Process is as follows:
1. pomace that gets off on the fruit juice production line and starter and other batching abundant mixing in agitator enters storage hopper;
2. portable fermentor tank (1) (case) is parked under the storage hopper under tow tractor drags, and opens the bung (3) of main body container (1);
3. storage hopper valve open, the fermentation raw material that inserts starter falls into portable fermentor tank (1) slowly from charging opening, keeps the fluffy attitude of nature.Add fermentor tank bung (3) when fermentation raw material is filled, open ventpipe top gas valve (2), allow air flow, be beneficial to jar interior fermentation raw material by the pore on the interior ventpipe of fermentor tank (case) and jar (case) outer wall ventilation along ventpipe (5);
4. portable fermentor tank (case) entered the fermentation of fermentation plant temperature and humidity control after charging finished under the tow tractor effect.
The cleaning of fermentation plant environment can the conditioning ventilation.Fermentation plant is provided with some ventilator trunks, and a plurality of air outlets and switch are set on every pipeline, and the breather line lower end inlet mouth (6) of each portable fermentor tank can be connected with the air outlet of fermentation plant breather line.The fermentation initial stage, open gas valve (2), rely on the ventilating pit nature oxygen supply ventilation on the outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of fermentor tank (case) and jar (case) interior breather line (5); In the fermentation peak period, close the gas valve (2) of ventpipe, breather line (5) the lower end inlet mouth (6) of portable fermentor tank (case) is connected with the air outlet of fermentation plant ventpipe, reach oxygen supply, eliminating CO by the pressurization ventilation 2And the purpose of cooling.Fermentation later stage oxygen requirement can stop pressure breathing oxygen when reducing, and opens breather line upper end gas valve (2) and allows the air free flow, takes a breath by the pore on breather line and fermentor tank (case) outer wall once more.
5. after the fermentation ends, portable fermentor tank (case) enters the drying plant under the tow tractor effect.The opening for feed of drying plant be positioned at fermentor tank (case) orbit under, be lower than fermentor tank (case) bottom 1～2m.Open the discharge port (8) of fermentor tank (case) bottom, jar (case) interior tunning falls under gravity into the dryer feed mouth, sends into drying plant through travelling belt and dehydrates, and enters next procedure then.
The application example 2 of this new-type bioreactor (raw material sterilization fermentation): with the fermentation of feeding cellulase crude zyme preparation is that example is illustrated.
1. raw materials such as wheat or rice straw powder and wheat bran are pressed the specified proportion mixing, 120 ℃ of high-temperature steams are handled 30min, add the abundant mixing of starter after the cooling in proportion, be added to slowly in the portable fermentor tank (case) (1) by the high-temperature steam sterilization, keep the nature loft by charging opening.
2. portable fermentor tank (case) (1) entered fermentation plant after charging finished under the tow tractor effect.The heat-preservation fermentation management is identical with apple dreg feed.
3. after sweathouse is cultured to the scheduled time, fermentor tank (case) is moved to the drying plant open discharge port (8) self-emptying.Tunning is pulverized pack through low temperature dewatering and is finished product.The cellulase fermentations raw material is the very high agricultural crop straw crushed material of sedimentation, and self air permeability is good, and is effective with this solid-state fermenter (case).
The main advantage of this new-type bioreactor:
1. save the production space: change traditional solid-state fermentation of horizontal thick-layer Quchi formula into thick-layer side direction double-face side to solid-state of ventilation Ferment, this reactor height is 2m, the unit are utilization rate height in production place can be saved a large amount of productions space;
2. removable, can realize producing continuousization: after changing fixed Quchi into portable solid-state reactor, a plurality of reactors Press the certain speed operation by tractor at special-purpose track after the series connection, by charging mouth fashion material (the fermentation raw material of specific position After mixed even with leavening at charging mouth this reactor of packing into), send into sweathouse by special-purpose track then, fermentation enters after finishing again Drying room is to realize extensive continuously production.
3. save place and manpower. Do not need artificial charging, stir stirring, can utilize the automatic discharging of gravity, can save manpower and energy The source consumes.
4. can realize large-scale production. Press 1.5 tons of calculating of each reactor charging, day 300 tons of raw materials of processing only need 200 instead Answer device to get final product. Press fermentation period 2～3 days and calculate, it is 300 tons of pomaces that 600～700 reactors can satisfy day treating capacity Streamline production requirement.
5. naturally ventilation and reinforcement ventilation combination saved the energy in the situation that guarantees the ventilation amount. The fermentation initial stage, aerobic amount was few, can Utilize the passage nature oxygen supply on reactor outer wall and the reactor central aeration pipe road; At ferment middle, the microorganism raised growth Breeding, aerobic amount is big, and temperature raises fast, CO2The a large amount of generation, depend merely on the nature oxygen supply and can not satisfy aerobic amount and the heat radiation needs of microorganism, by in the ventilation pipeline at reactor center, leading to into adding the wet air pressurization ventilation that purifies, the pressurization air is spread to bed of material side direction through the pore on the breather pipe, final passage on the reactor outer wall is discharged, and plays simultaneously oxygen supply, discharges CO2Effect with cooling.

Claims (3)

1. a portable side direction ventilation thick-layer solid-state fermenter or case that is used for large scale continuous prod is characterized in that: this reactor by the vertical circular breather line in round tube type jar or square box main body, jar or the case, running gear and jar or case at the bottom of discharge port 4 parts form; The round tube type jar of this reactor or square box outer wall and jar in equally distributed round vent is all arranged on the breather line, from inside and outside two in jar or the case the oxygen supply of the solid state fermentation bed of material, discharge CO 2And heat radiation; Reactor can along certain tracks between sterilization, reinforced workshop moves to fermentation plant and drying plant; Be mainly used in the extensive solid state fermentation industrialization continuous production of aerobic microbiological.
2. portable side direction ventilation thick-layer solid-state fermenter according to claim 1 or case, the jar or the case that it is characterized in that reactor are gone to the bottom and are the inclined-plane, formation is positioned at the discharge gate of jar or case side, gives off the solid state fermentation product during for fermentation ends under action of gravity automatically.
3. portable side direction ventilation thick-layer solid-state fermenter according to claim 1 or case, it is characterized in that jar or a breather line is established along jar or case y direction in the positive center of case, the ventpipe upper port is established gas valve, the switch of control ventpipe, the vertical gas valve of breather line was opened at the fermentation initial stage, make air by lateral diffusion in the solid-state bed of material of breather line in reactor, increase the contact area of solid substances and air; Ferment oxygen supply deficiency in the solid-state bed of material of vigorous stage, temperature is too high and CO 2Close the vertical gas valve of ventpipe during too high levels, inlet mouth by the breather line bottom feeds the forced air that purifies humidification, make in the ventpipe forced air by the pore acceleration side on the tube wall to by the bed of material, discharge through the tank wall pore, reach enhanced oxygen blowing, cooling and discharge CO 2Purpose.
CNB031595693A 2003-09-23 2003-09-23 Large-scale movable laterally ventilating thick-layer fermentation apparatus and process Expired - Fee Related CN1293182C (en)

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Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100371440C (en) * 2005-09-30 2008-02-27 华南理工大学 Submerged solid fermentation method of fungus fermentation lacquer producing enzyme and its device
CN101768546B (en) * 2010-02-24 2013-01-23 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Peristaltic solid-state fermentation technology and device
CN102093950B (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-11-07 北京科技大学 Ventilation-humidification coupled solid-state fermentation tank and fermentation process thereof
CN102559783B (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-09-25 浙江大学 Method for producing butyric acid through fermentation of multilinked fiber bed bioreactor system
CN105400682A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-03-16 嘉善天晟精密铸件有限公司 Cubic fermentation tank
CN108935811A (en) * 2018-09-18 2018-12-07 晏坚 A kind of production method of cogongrass cliff berry Pu'er tea
US11773355B2 (en) 2019-04-18 2023-10-03 Mathew HALTER Direct transfer of fermentation carbon dioxide by-product to greenhouse
CN110042046B (en) * 2019-05-07 2022-10-04 南京工业大学 Continuous immobilized internal stirring micro-membrane aeration internal circulation airlift bioreactor
CN110483112A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-22 内蒙古世洪农业科技有限公司 A kind of system of the light letter of agricultural wastes resource utilization fermentation

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2440819Y (en) * 2000-06-12 2001-08-01 刘放 Flat bed solid deepened bio-fermenting reactor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2440819Y (en) * 2000-06-12 2001-08-01 刘放 Flat bed solid deepened bio-fermenting reactor

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