CN1279853A - 采用自适应分部天线的高数据率通信网络 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文公开一种使用自适应分部天线(46)的高数据率通信***(12)。该***(12)包括一个用来接收和传输数据,并且可适用于空间操纵的天线子***(28)。射频收发信机(32)与天线子***相连,根据被接收的天线训练序列选择性地产生位错误率(BER)信号(206)和接收信号强度指示(RSSI)信号(210)。该***(12)还包括一个与射频收发信机(32)相连的线束操纵状态机(200),根据BER信号(206)和预定BER信号是否满足第一逻辑关系和RSSI信号(210)和预定RSSI信号是否满足第二逻辑关系,选择性地产生BER PASS信号(207)和RSSI PASS信号(209)。天线控制器(38)和天线子***(28)以及线束操纵状态机(200)相连,根据BER PASS信号(207)和RSSI PASS信号(209)选择性地产生天线控制信号(220)以从在空间上操纵天线子***(28)。
Description
发明领域
本发明一般涉及高数据率通信***,特别涉及一个采用自适应分部天线的高数据率通信网络。
发明背景
通常,分部式天线主要用于军事用途。例如,基站发射消息给战场上使用的一个或多个移动单元。敌人使用干扰设备阻止移动单元接收基站发出的信号。采用自适应分布天线的移动单元可区分干扰信号和基站发送消息的信号。移动单元能够操作自适应分部天线,使天线在空间上忽略干扰信号,集中接受有用的信号。
随着以高数据率相互通信电子设备的不断增加,对家用式办公无线通信的需求也日益扩大。例如,便携式膝上电脑用户不希望被局限在某个特定的办公桌前或工作场所,而希望充分发挥便携设备(入膝上式电脑,PDA等)的灵活性。还有,用户可能希望减少家庭中电器设备间的物理线路和连接的数目。例如,用户希望有一个多媒体数据接入点(例如有线电视接口),和在多媒体数据连接和在播放和记录这种数据的用户设备之间有一种无线连接。这种情况下,让每个电视或VCR都有单独连接是十分麻烦,而希望在多媒体数据端口和设备间使用无线连接。
在家庭环境下实现高数据率通信***的一个明显障碍是来自邻近单元的干扰和所谓的“延迟扩散”。延迟扩散简单而言是信号的时间模糊(smearing)。在家庭环境中,一个单元可以是一个单独的家庭。然而,因为每个家庭从根本上说都使用相同频率的信道,所以相邻房家庭的通信***(例如,邻居家的通信***)很有可能会相互干扰。当一个单元和另一单元在物理上紧挨时,干扰的情况更加复杂,例如在公寓中,干扰不仅来自四壁,还来自天花板或地板。
本发明的发明人曾经设想过一种可能途径的方案来减少延迟扩散,就是研制一种高级平衡器来使延迟尽可能变小,但这和本发明中的方案比较起来明显较差。这种方案的问题是平衡器必须运行在比数据通信传输速率更高的频率上。
硬件的复杂性和标准硅处理工艺上的局限性是生产成本合理而性能可靠的平衡器的障碍。而且,虽然高速平衡器在理论上是可行的,但是制造技术的限制使得平衡器的运行速度有一个物理上的极限,这就使得高于某一特定运行速度的平衡器的生产不可能实现。
相应的,对高数据率通信***存在着需求,这种通信***能降低该***产生的干扰,能区分另一高数据率通信***产生的干扰和有用数据,将传输延迟减至最小。
发明概述
本文将公开了一种采用自适应分部天线的高数据率通信***,该***包含一个接收和发送数据的天线子***。该天线子***能自适应地空间定向。一台射频收发信机和天线子***相连,根据收到的天线训练信号序列,它能选择性地产生位错误率(BER)信号和接收信号强度指示(RSSI)信号。该***还包括一个连接到射频收发信机的线束操纵状态机,根据前提是BER信号和一个预定BER信号满足第一个逻辑关系和RSSI信号和一个预定的RSSI信号满足第二个逻辑关系,它能选择地产生BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号。天线控制器和天线子***以及线束操纵状态机相连,根据BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号它能选择地产生天线控制信号,以便从空间上调整天线子***。
附图说明
从下面的描述可以清楚地了解本发明所使用的方法和设备的目的、特性及其优点,其中:
图1是本发明中采用自适应分部天线的无线通信子***的简化方框图。
图2是图1中线束操纵状态机的简化方框图。
图3是图2中线束操纵状态机执行的处理过程流程图。
图4是使用图2所示线束操纵状态机的收发信机的简要方框图。
图5表示根据本发明的一个实施例而构架的一种高数据率通信***。
图6表示构架本发明的另一个实施例而构架的一种高数据率通信***。
图7是根据本发明的一个实施例由基站和移动单元相互数据通信的一个协议流程图。
图8是根据本发明第二实施例由第一基站和第二基站用于数据通信的协议流程图。
图9表示一种实现本发明自适应分部天线的计算机***。
发明详述
参考附图,将对举例说明本发明的一个示例性实施例进行描述。提供这些实施例是为了展示本发明的各个方面,而不应认为是对本发明的范围的限制。示例性实施例的描述主要参照方框图和流程图进行。在流程图中,每一个方块既表示一种方法步骤,又是一种这些该方法的设备部件。相应的设备部件可以是硬件、软件、固件或以上几种的结合。
按本发明的一个实施例构架的高数据率通信网络使用自适应分部天线,该天线以一个初始设定的频率工作。例如对一个家用高数据率通信网络来说,自适应分部天线可以在大约5GHz的频率下工作。在本发明的一个实施例中,通信网络的数据传输率约为10Mbps。
高数据率通信网络很容易受到外部干扰。外部干扰既可能来自邻近单元,也可能来自本单元内部源。一个按本发明构架的线束操纵状态机包含一个可减低这种干扰的干扰消减电路。
因为自适应分部天线包含一个可移动的覆盖扇面(能够被控制在不同的空间位置),所以干扰消减电路能用于操纵天线。干扰消减电路和自适应分部天线相连,根据干扰指示信号,它能选择地移动天线的覆盖扇面至另一种形状以减少外部干扰,具体如下所示。
图1表示了一种采用本发明的自适应分部天线的无线通信子***12的简要的方框图12。该无线通信子***12包括无线子***28,RF收发信机32,天线控制器38和后端单元42。
天线子***28包括天线阵列46,随后是移相器48,然后是馈送网络52。天线控制器38选择性地控制移相器48和馈送网络52,通过向接收到的数据中***延迟来“控制”天线。天线控制器38接受BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号的输入,然后根据这些信号,选择性地给移相器48和馈送网络52产生控制信号以及命令216和DATA_VALID信号218。命令216是一种选择性信号,它将状态值和数据提供给一台外部PC主机或一台本地处理器。重要的是要知道命令216并不影响本发明自适应分部天线的运行。
RF收发信机32执行众所周知的传送和接收功能,它还包括能解调输入数据的解调制单元。后端单元42将数据传给串行链路16。RF收发信机32接收来自天线子***28的数据和将数据发射给天线子***28。RF收发信机32还能将BER信号206和RSSI信号210传送给后端单元42。而BER信号206和RSSI信号210是用众所周知的方法从接收的数据中产生的。
后端单元42包括线束操纵状态机200,它将在图2中予以说明。
图2所示的是根据本发明构架的线束操纵状态机200。它包括一个用于接收位错误率(BER)信号206的位错误率(BER)比较单元204。BER比较单元204将BER信号206和一个预定的位错误率阈值进行比较。位错误率是所接收的差错位数和接收的正确位数的比值。在最佳实施例中,预定位错误率阈值约为10-9。而预定位错误率阈值大约为10-5的***的性能是可以接受的,而位错误率大于10-5的***性能难以接受,因为这种错误率的情况下,数据不可靠。如果BER信号206小于预定BER阈值,BER比较单元产生一个BER_PASS信号207。
线束操纵状态机200还包括一个接收信号强度指示(RSSI)比较单元208,它有一个输入端能接收接收信号强度指示(RSSI)信号210。接收信号强度指示比较单元208将接收的RSSI信号210和一个预定的RSSI阈值进行比较。接收信号强度指示值大约等于信号功率与噪音功率的比值。在最佳实施例中,预定RSSI阈值大约为30dB,当预定RSSI阈值约为20dB时,可实现相当好的***性能。而当阈值小于20dB时,由于信号弱,难以与噪音相区别,因此***性能难以令人满意。
预定RSSI阈值或信号是根据被编程到本发明的自适应操纵状态机200中的校准点所决定的。当接收到的RSSI信号超过预定RSSI阈值时,本发明的线束操纵算法将停止操作线束。预定RSSI阈值是一种提供低错误率的给定信噪比。
天线控制器38和BER比较单元204以及RSSI比较单元208相连,分别接收BER_PASS信号207和RSSI_PASS信号209。与这些信号相应,天线控制器38向移相器48选择性地产生控制信号220,从而控制天线阵列46(例如在第一或第二空间方向选择性地操纵天线)。如果BER_PASS信号207和RSSI_PASS信号209都被确认,那么天线控制器38将停止操纵,因为根据本发明的线束操纵算法,现在天线的空间定向已经处于最佳状态,此算法将在图3中详细描述。天线控制器可根据BER_PASS信号207和RSSI_PASS信号209,使用加减计数器214来操纵天线。天线控制器38包括一个数据有效信号产生电路216,用于根据BER_PASS信号207和RSSI_PASS信号209提供DATA_VALID信号218。该数据有效电路216可用与门电路实现。
本领域的技术人员可以理解天线控制器38可集成到线束操纵状态机200中。
图3所示为线束操纵状态机200所执行的方法流程图。本发明中的自适应天线执行一种线束操纵算法,该算法主要基于两个干扰指示信号:1)BER(位错误率)和2)RSSI(接收信号强度指示)。
在判断块302中,根据是否已收到聚焦或重新请求命令来做出决定。聚焦命令指示线束操纵状态机200操纵天线使之定向或重定向到某个数据源。如下所述,数据源(发射机)发送***设定好的一个定时序列,然后被线束操纵状态机200用于操纵天线定向到数据源。在判断块304中,将进一步判断被接收的位错误率是否超过预定的BER阈值。若是,则转向判断块308,进一步判断是否收到的RSSI超过了预定的RSSI阈值。若是,则在312步骤中该VALID_DATA信号得到认定。例如,VALID_DATA信号可用来向***指明数据接收过程可以开始。天线控制器38可集成到后端单元42中。
如果判断块304或判断块308的答案是否,那么处理过程将转向处理块318。在处理块318中,自适应分部天线将按照预定增量选择地向第一空间方向或第二空间方向调整。在最佳实施例中,其优选增量是22.5°。计数器214可以构架增加天线子***28中移相器48的有关值,反过来移相器48按预定增量从两个空间方向之一操纵天线46。是否增加、减少或保持计数器214的值,主要由RSSI阈值和BER阈值来决定。可调整这些阈值以适应特定的应用。计数器214的结构主要由以下因素决定:(1)覆盖范围;(2)天线线束宽度;(3)天线的物理尺寸;和(4)使用的信道模型和干扰模型。
图4是一个简要的方框图,说明图2中采用线束操纵状态机的收发信机的结构。本发明的收发信机400包括一个天线子***28,而天线子***28又包括一个天线阵列46、移相器48以及前面在图2中提到的馈送网络52。在这个实施例中,这三个部件在物理位置上彼此相邻。无线子***28可以配置在个人计算机的顶部,也可以配置在家庭中一个适当的位置,以便能从家庭四周的设备发送和接收数据。天线子***28有两个输入端,用于接收来自线束操纵块的控制信号220,该方块将在下文中说明。
在本实施例中,有一个能够以三个不同的功率级别运行的功率放大器470。在低噪声放大器之前有一个带通滤波器,以保证全双工操作。功率放大器470是线性型放大器。
移相器48可以是数字式的移相器。这些数字移相器48提供180°、90°、45°和22.5°的准确相位移。每一个移相器按顺序开启或关闭以扫描天线阵列。例如,如果将1,1,1,1输入移相器48,将产生180+90+45+22.5(总共337.5°)的相位移。在本实施例中,移相器48允许间隔为22.5°的各种相位移改变。每一个相位移器都各自和一个发射元件相连,而每一个发射元件可以有一个不同的相位移值。由于发射元件间的相差,在一个特定的方向上该组合“远场”的能量有一个最大值。因此,通过改变发射元件间的相差,就能按方向改变某最大放射能量点。
收发信机400包括一个接收机块450和一个发送机块452。接收机块450包括第一带通滤波器480、一个低噪声放大器484、第二带通滤波器486、一个混合器488、第三带通滤波器490、第一和第二增益放大器492和494以及第四带通滤波器496。接收块450还包括一个解调器498用于解调接收数据。如果VALID_DATA信号被认定,接收器块450将解调后的数据提供给基带单元(图中未画出)。
混频器488和一个正向数字合成器(DSS)402相连,该合成器接收晶体振荡器404发出的主时钟信号,并产生一组频率为主时钟频率倍频的时钟信号,混频器488对收到的信号进行下变换。
解调器498向低噪声放大器484和增益放大器492和494提供一个自动增益控制(AGC)信号。混频器部件、放大器部件、带通滤波器部件以及解调器498,对本领域的技术人员是熟知的。
传输块452包括一个调制块412,第一带通滤波器414,一个增益放大器416,一个混频器418,第二带通滤波器420,一个功率放大器470和第三带通滤波器424。传输块452还包括一个功率控制电路428,该电路的第一输入用于接收一个功率水平控制信号,第二输入用于接收收到的RF信号,该电路的输出用于根据功率水平控制信号和被接收的RF信号控制功率放大器470的功率水平。当判断出接收机在物理空间上接近或邻近放射机时,功率控制电路428用于降低发射功率水平,这一点对本领域的技术人员是熟知的。
调制器块412包括一个输入端,当VALID_DATA信号被认定时,用于接收来自基带单元(图中未显示)的数据。调制器412还包括一个输入端,用于接收来自线束操纵状态机200的控制信号,而200用于线束操纵。
在前面图2中介绍过的线束操纵状态机200能够配置到收发信机400中。线束操纵状态机200包括用于接收来自正向数字合成器块402的第一输入,和接收来自解调器498的解调过的RF信号的第二输入。状态机200还可包括用于产生和提供控制信号给调制器块412的第一输出,用于产生和提供功率水平控制信号功率量控制电路428的第二输出;以及用于产生和提供VALID_DATA信号给基站(图中未标明)的第三输出和用于控制天线子***28中移相器48的第四输出。
在最佳实施例中,移相器48有六个移相器。每一个相位移器都用一个四位指令控制。相应的,共有24条控制线控制移相器48和操纵天线射束。一个四位控制字允许状态机200按22.5度角度增加操纵射束。根据被传送到六个相位移器的控制字,可在空间第一方向或第二方向操纵该天线阵列46。
在另一个实施例中,状态机200可和基带单元(图中未标明)集成在一起。基带单元既可以是一块适合于基带信号处理的单片机,又可以是一台个人计算机(PC)。当状态机200作为基带单元的一部分集成时,24条控制线可以以串行命令的方式传给移相器48。根据串行指令的接收,可以使用附加电路对串行指令进行多路复用,以操作每一个相位移器。
家用通信环境的另一充满挑战之处在于通信信道不是静态的。在一种家庭环境中,BER和RSSI信号会由于以下原因衰减:1)一个物体在发射机前移动或2)天线没有对准(例如物理错位)。一个简单的例子是有人站在发射机和接收器(如一个移动单元)之间的直线通路上。例如,基带单元可采用周期性地向本发明的状态机200发送聚焦命令的协议,以指导状态机200重新获得信号。
该协议可以规定,在基带单元处理完预定数量的数据包后,该基带单元向状态机200发送获取或聚焦命令。相应地,连续采集命令确保在通信信道变化时,接收机能适应这些变化以保持位错误率和RSSI不变,从而使信号质量不会变差。在有人在发射机前移动的这个例子中,因为天线能***纵接收反射信号,所以当天线聚焦或重新获取后,天线能接收到反射信号,该信号比一个被物体挡住的直射信号质量要高。
图5说明了一种按本发明的一种实施例而构架的高数据率通信***500。此通信***500包括一个基站502以及至少一个移动单元504。基站502包括一个全向天线508和一个自适应分部天线510。基站502还包括一台个人计算机506。本发明的线束操纵状态机200可在自适应分部天线510或个人计算机506中实现。在本实施例中,自适应分部天线510包括三个摆成如图所示的三角形的平面天线。
图5还说明了自适应分部天线510可使用的一种线束模式。因为线束不可能从平面天线后面发出,因此每个平面天线可操作的线束的范围是180°。虽然图中自适应分部天线510形成一个三角形结构,但本领域的技术人员可以理解可以采用其它配置,取决于环境布局这些因素。例如,由两个背靠背的平面天线组成的自适应天线能提供适当的天线覆盖范围。
移动单元504包括一个和基站502之间发送、接收数据的全向天线505。移动单元504包括处理接收数据的电子设备512。例如,移动单元504可以是一台便携式个人电脑(如笔记本电脑)或个人数字助理(PDA)。基站502和移动单元504之间使用的协议将在图7中详细描述。
图6所示为按本发明的另一个实施例构架的高数据率通信***600。高数据率通信***600包括第一基站602和第二基站604。第一基站602包括一个全向天线612、一个摆成三角形的自适应分部天线614和一台操作上与第一基站602相连的个人计算机618。
第二基站604包括一个全向天线622、一个摆成三角形的自适应分部天线624和一台操作上与第二基站604相连的个人计算机628。本发明中线束操纵状态机可以在第一基站602的自适应分部天线614或个人计算机618中实现。它也可以在第二基站604的自适应分部天线624或个人计算机628中实现。
图7表示了基站和移动单元为了启动数据传输所使用的协议的流程图。全向天线发出一个采集命令,指示接收设备开始会聚或采集训练序列。此协议可以在媒体访问控制(MAC)层中实现,由MAC层发送一条会聚指令给物理(PHY)层,命令自适应天线进入采集模式。在步骤702中,基站502向移动单元504发出一条识别信号。该识别信号只识别一个移动单元,然后识别的移动单元做出相应的回应。
在步骤704中,移动单元504对识别信号作出响应,被唤醒并脱离待机状态。在步骤704中,移动单元504通过全向天线505向基站502发送训练序列。
基站502使用全向天线508向移动单元504发送识别信号。
在步骤708中,基站502使用本发明中的线束操纵状态机200操纵自适应分部天线510。特别是线束操纵状态机200操纵天线,以满足预定BER和RSSI阈值。在步骤714中,有效数据在基站502的全向天线508和移动单元504的自适应分部天线510之间传输。
在判断块718中,基站502检查控制信道并判断是否有第二个移动单元正在向基站请求命令。如果没有,则处理流程转向步骤714,而有效数据继续在基站502和第一个移动单元504间传输。
如果有另外的移动单元请求和基站进行通信,那么转向步骤722,第二个移动单元使用全向天线505向基站502发送天线训练序列。处理流程转向步骤708,此时基站502操纵自适应分部天线510来满足相对第二个移动单元的BER和RSSI阈值。
在本例中,因为分部天线通常体积比较大,不适于集成到如膝上电脑这样的移动单元中,所以移动单元504中没有配备自适应分部天线。因此,移动单元504就使用全向天线505传送数据和控制信号(如握手信号)。
图8这一流程图说明了图6所示的第一基站602和第二基站604之间所遵循的协议采取的处理步骤。在处理步骤800中,第一基站向第二固定基站发送一条识别信号(ID信号)。在处理步骤804中,第二基站脱离待机状态,并向第一基站发送天线训练序列。在处理步骤808中,第一基站和第二基站各自自适应操纵各自的天线阵列,以获得最小的BER和最大的RSSI。
在处理步骤812中,有效数据在第一基站和第二基站间传输。在判断块814中,第一个基站监听第二基站请求通信的控制通道,并判断这种请求是否激活。如果不是,处理流程转向处理步骤812(即有效数据在两个基站间进一步传输)。如果是,第二基站发出训练序列,然后在处理步骤818中处理流程转向步骤808。
总的说来,第一个基站602使用全向天线612发送训练序列,使第二基站的自适应分部天线624可***作以满足相对第一基站602的BER和RSSI阈值。同样,第二基站604通过自身的全向天线622发送训练序列使第一基站可操纵自身的的自适应分部天线614以满足相对于第二基站604的BER和RSSI阈值。一旦第一基站602操纵天线从第二基站604接收数据,而第二基站604操纵自身天线从第一基站602接收数据,数据传输就开始。
图9所示为一种能采用本发明的自适应分部天线的计算机***。此计算机***900可包括一个带有接收和发送无线信号的天线的无线子***904,一个串行接口916,与带天线的子***相连,用于将从无线子***904接收到的数据转化为串行格式,和一台具有串行接口922的桌上型个人计算机(PC 918)。串行接口916和串行接口922通过串行总线926,如1394电缆相连。两个接口可遵循1394协议,并包括1394链路层和物理层。
根据本发明的另一方面,按本发明构架的高数据率通信***可根据移动单元的需求动态分配:1)频率,2)时间和3)通信数据率。与无论***的负载和需求如何,都只能保持频率、带宽和时隙不变的蜂窝电话***不同,本发明的高数据率通信***能根据需要动态分配带宽、时隙和数据率。
由于分配是根据需求动态完成,本发明也不象ATM***那样浪费数据位或使用“填充”位。在ATM中,所谓的高数据率是有欺骗性的,因为当应用无需高数据率时,带宽就被浪费了。事实上,当被传送的数据位少于最大允许值时,多余的数据槽中填充不载有有用信息的“不需考虑”数据位。
而且,信息被编码为控制信号,便于停止基站信息的类型以及特定的移动单元所需要的数据率。例如,当一个视频连接被请求时,基站就为此移动单元动态分配一个较长的时隙和带宽,而给要求低带宽低数据率的应用相应地分配较小的频率和带宽。
当在自身范围内基站询问移动单元并基带请求服务的移动单元数目时,本发明的高数据率通信***可以使用一种时隙分配方案,此后,给每个移动单元分配一个接收和发送数据以及控制信号特定时隙。基站连续地操纵自身的天线将其聚焦于特定的移动单元。例如,在第一个时隙,基站操纵它的天线使它正对准第一个移动单元发出的训练信号。然后,基站可以让它的天线对准第二移动单元发出的训练信号。
基站还可具备智能,能探测到某一移动单元不再需要服务,从而将天线操纵移向下一移动单元。
在本最佳实施例中,这一协议可以用一台个人计算机中的软件来完成。当然,也可以由门电路或可编程逻辑电路来完成。
本发明中的线束操纵算法将所探测到的位错误率和预定的BER比较,也可以将探测到的RSSI与预定的RSSI作比较。如果所探测到的BER和RSSI同时满足预定阈值,说明天线已经获取了正确信号。
与以前在军事应用中所使用的线束操纵技术(通常在专业领域内也称为零操纵)不同,在这种环境中只有一名用户,本发明可适用于多名用户环境下的操作。例如,本高数据率通信***运行于多用户环境(如hyperLAN或ATM环境)。
本发明中的线束操纵电路能使天线获取空间选择性,聚焦和收敛于某一用户和剔除该环境中所有其它用户的信号。
线束操纵电路接收信号,然后用一有良好信/噪比的阈值数据信号进行压缩。因此,线束操纵电路聚焦在天线覆盖范围内,产生最佳的信噪比。
以上公开了一个易受外部干扰并采用自适应分部天线的高数据率通信网络。自适应分部天线包括一个可移动的覆盖扇面。线束操纵状态机和天线控制器连到自适应分部天线,用于移动覆盖扇面以减少外部干扰。
本文所描述的示例性实施例只是用来说明本发明的原理,而不应认为是对本发明范围的限制。相反,本发明的原理可应用于很宽的领域以获得本文中提到的优点和其他优点,或满足其他的目的。
Claims (28)
1.一种高数据率通信***,包括:
a)一个适用于空间操纵的天线子***;
b)一个连接到天线子***上的射频收发信机,用于接收天线训练序列,并根据此训练序列产生位错误率(BER)信号和接收信号强度指示(RSSI)信号;
c)一个和射频收发信机相连的线束操作状态机,用于接收BER信号和RSSI信号以及选择性地产生BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号;以及
d)一个天线控制器,它和天线子***以及线束操作状态机相连,用于接收BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号,与此相对应选择性地产生在空间操纵天线子***的天线控制信号。
2.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中线束操作状态机根据BER信号和预定BER信号是否满足第一步逻辑关系和RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号是否满足第二步逻辑关系选择性地产生BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号。
3.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中线束操作状态机包括:
a)第一个比较器,用于接收BER信号和第一预定BER信号,比较以上两个信号,当BER信号和预定BER信号满足第一预定逻辑关系时选择性地产生BER_PASS信号;和
b)第二比较器,用于接收RSSI信号和预定的RSSI信号,比较以上两个信号,当RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号满足第二预定逻辑关系时选择性地产生RSSI_PASS信号。
4.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中无线控制器包括一个计数器,它有两个输入端,分别接收BER_PASS信号和RSSI_PASS信号,并能响应这些信号,产生所述的天线控制信号。
5.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中无线子***包括:
a)一个天线阵列;
b)一个移相器,与天线阵列相连;和
c)一个馈送网络,与移相器以及射频收发信机相连;
其中天线控制器给移相器和馈送网络提供天线控制信号,用于从空间上操纵天线阵列。
6.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中线束操作状态机判断BER信号是否小于预定BER信号,如果是,则判断RSSI信号是否大于预定RSSI信号;如果是,就认定VALID_DATA信号,所述的VALID_DATA信号表明数据可以被接收和传输;如果BER信号大于预定BER信号或者RSSI信号小于预定RSSI信号,线束操作状态机按预定的量操纵天线阵列;和继续检查BER信号和RSSI信号,并操纵天线阵列直至得到预定的BER和预定的RSSI。
7.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中第一预定逻辑关系是当BER信号小于或等于预定BER信号。
8.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中第二预定逻辑关系是当RSSI信号大于预定RSSI信号。
9.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中预定BER信号约为10-5。
10.权利要求1的高数据率***,其中预定RSSI信号约为20dB。
11.一种操作自适应天线的方法,包括步骤:
a)接收天线训练序列;
b)根据所述的天线训练序列,按所述的被接收天线训练序列确定位错误率(BER)信号;
c)根据所述天线训练序列,确定接收信号强度指示(RSSI)信号;
d)判断BER信号和预定BER信号是否符合第一逻辑关系;
若是,进一步判断RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号是否符合第二逻辑关系;
若是,认定VALID_DATA信号为表明数据传输可开始的VALID_DATA信号;
否则,按预定量操纵天线阵列,并转向判断步骤c);否则,直接转向处理步骤c)。
12.权利要求11的方法,步骤a)之前进一步包括步骤:
a)判断是否收到请求指令;
b)若是,转向权利要求1的步骤c);
c)否则,转向处理步骤a)。
13.权利要求11的方法,其中第一逻辑关系是当BER信号小于预定BER信号。
14.权利要求11的方法,其中第二逻辑关系是当RSSI信号大于预定RSSI信号。
15.权利要求11的方法,其中预定BER信号约为10-5。
16.权利要求11的方法,其中预定RSSI信号约为20dB。
17.一种在拥有自适应阵列天线的基站和移动单元之间传输数据的方法,包括步骤:
a)基站向移动单元发送识别信号;
b)移动单元向基站发送天线训练序列;
c)基站操纵其自适应阵列天线以获得预定BER和预定RSSI;
d)在基站和移动单元之间传输有效数据;
e)判断移动单元是否正请求通信;
若是,移动单元向基站发送训练序列,并转向处理步骤c);否则,转向处理步骤e)。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中操纵其自适应阵列天线以获取预定BER和预定RSSI的步骤包括步骤:
a)根据基于天线训练序列确定BER信号和RSSI信号;
b)将BER信号和预定BER信号比较;
c)将RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号比较;和
d)根据BER信号和预定BER信号是否满足第一逻辑关系和RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号是否满足第二逻辑关系,选择性地控制自适应阵列天线。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中第一步逻辑关系是当BER信号小于预定BER信号。
20.权利要求18的方法,其中第二步逻辑关系是当RSSI信号大于预定RSSI信号。
21.权利要求18的方法,其中预定BER信号约为10-5。
22.权利要求18的方法,其中预定RSSI信号约为20dB。
23.一种在第一基站和第二基站之间传输数据的方法,所述的第一基站和第二基站各自使用自适应阵列天线,所述的方法包括:
a)第一基站向第二基站发送识别信号;
b)第二基站向第一基站发送天线训练序列;
c)第一基站和第二基站各自操纵自身的自适应阵列天线以获取预定BER和预定RSSI;
d)在第一基站和第二基站之间传输有效数据;
e)第一基站判断第二基站是否正请求通信;
若是,第二基站向第一基站发送训练序列,否则,转向处理步骤d)。
24.权利要求23的方法,其中操纵其自适应阵列天线以获取预定BER和预定RSSI的步骤包括步骤:
a)根据天线训练序列确定BER信号和RSSI信号;
b)将BER信号和预定BER信号比较;
c)将RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号比较;以及
d)根据BER信号和预定BER信号是否满足第一逻辑关系和RSSI信号和预定RSSI信号是否满足第二逻辑关系,选择性地控制自适应阵列天线。
25.权利要求23的方法,其中第一逻辑关系是当BER信号小于预定BER信号。
26.权利要求23的方法,其中第二逻辑关系是当RSSI信号大于预定RSSI信号。
27.权利要求23的方法,其中预定BER信号约为10-5。
28.权利要求23的方法,其中预定RSSI信号约为20dB。
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US08/934,789 US6009124A (en) | 1997-09-22 | 1997-09-22 | High data rate communications network employing an adaptive sectored antenna |
US08/934789 | 1997-09-22 |
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CN101160730B (zh) * | 2005-04-15 | 2011-03-16 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | 用于导引无线通信的定向天线的***和方法 |
CN101060359B (zh) * | 2006-04-21 | 2010-09-15 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | 天线选择方法及装置 |
CN102760975A (zh) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-10-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种基站天线和基站 |
CN102760975B (zh) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-08-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种基站天线和基站 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO1999016221A1 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
CN1161937C (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
EP1020055A4 (en) | 2001-12-19 |
US6009124A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
TW395098B (en) | 2000-06-21 |
AU8147698A (en) | 1999-04-12 |
BR9812668A (pt) | 2000-08-22 |
EP1020055A1 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
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