CN1276711C - 一种含有灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵的除草组合物 - Google Patents
一种含有灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵的除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1276711C CN1276711C CN 03131050 CN03131050A CN1276711C CN 1276711 C CN1276711 C CN 1276711C CN 03131050 CN03131050 CN 03131050 CN 03131050 A CN03131050 A CN 03131050A CN 1276711 C CN1276711 C CN 1276711C
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种除草组合物，其特征在于它由灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵作为活性成分，活性成分的重量比为灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝2-20∶1-10∶1。本发明具有低毒、弱致敏以及对人畜毒害低；杀草谱广，杂草防除增效作用显著的优点，尤其适用于多种农作物特别是大豆田中的各类杂草的防治。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种除草组合物，它含有由灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵组合而成的活性成分。
背景技术
农作物由于杂草危害造成作物产量降低，为此每年均需要施用大量的除草剂进行杂草防除以挽回作物产量损失。近年来，杂草在大豆等多种经济作物上的危害越来越严重，而且由于除草剂滥用，使杂草对农药产生越来越大的抗性，造成杂草防除效果逐年降低。因此，需要具有更好的防除效果的除草剂品种。
将具有不同杀草谱的除草剂组合来扩大杀草谱是目前普遍采用的作法。例如CN1317241A公开了一种主要含有灭草松与精喹禾灵作为活性成分或者灭草松、精喹禾灵与乙草胺作为活性成分的除草组合物，但发明的除草活性并不能令人满意。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含有灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵作为活性成分的除草组合物，它具有更广的杀草谱和优异的增效防治效果。
具体地说，本发明组合物含有灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵作为活性成分，其特征在于，所述的活性成分的重量比为灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝2-20∶1-10∶1，优选的三者的重量比为5-10∶1-6∶1。活性成分在除草组合物中的重量百分含量为10-50％，优选为20-30％。
与CN1317241A公开了一种主要含有灭草松与精喹禾灵作为活性成分或者灭草松、精喹禾灵与乙草胺作为活性成分的除草组合物相比，本发明的除草组合物具有优异的增效除草活性效果。
本发明组合可以转换成常规制剂如乳油、可湿性粉剂、粒剂、可溶性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、乳剂、粉剂、粗粉剂、膏剂和水面漂浮剂。
施用形式取决于特定的使用；在各种情况下，须保证它们的分散尽可能的细微和均匀。
这些制剂可以用已知的方式制备，例如通过将活性化合物与溶剂和/或载体混合，如果需要，采用乳化剂和分散剂来填充，如果用水作稀释剂，也可以用其它的有机溶剂作助溶剂。
适合用于此目的的助溶剂主要是：
-溶剂如芳族化合物(例如二甲苯)、氯代芳族化合物(例如氯苯)、石蜡(例如石油馏份)、醇类(例如甲醇、丁醇)、酮类(例如环己酮)、胺类(例如乙醇胺、二甲基甲酰胺)和水；
-载体如研碎的天然矿物质(例如高岭土、矾土、滑石、白垩)和研碎的合成矿物质(例如高分散的硅酸、硅酸盐)；
-乳化剂如非离子和阴离子乳化剂(例如聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)和
-分散剂如木素亚硫酸盐废液或甲基纤维素。
适合的表面活性物质是芳族磺酸(例如木素磺酸、苯酚磺酸、萘磺酸和二丁基萘磺酸)和脂肪酸的碱金属、碱土金属和铵盐，烷基磺酸盐和烷基芳基磺酸盐，烷基硫酸盐、月桂基醚硫酸和脂肪醇硫酸盐，以及硫酸化的十六-、十七-和十八醇以及脂肪醇醚的盐，磺化萘和其衍生物与甲醛的的缩合产物，萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合产物，聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚、乙氧基烷化的异辛基-、辛基-或壬基酚，烷基苯酚或三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚，烷基芳基聚醚醇，异三癸基醇、脂肪醇环氧乙烷缩合物，乙氧基化蓖麻油，聚氧乙烯-或聚氧丙烯烷基醚，月桂醇聚乙二醇醚乙酸酯、失水山梨醇酯，木素亚硫酸盐废液或甲基纤维素。
含水的施用形式可以通过加水，例如由乳油、分散液、膏剂、可湿性粉剂、泡腾剂或水可分散颗粒剂制备。制备乳剂、膏剂、油分散液或液态水面漂浮剂时，通过加入润湿剂、粘合剂、分散剂或乳化剂，将物质于水中均质化或溶于油或溶剂中。而且，也可以制备由活性物质、润湿剂、粘合剂、分散剂或乳化剂和可能的溶剂或油组成的浓缩物，该浓缩物适合于用水稀释。
粉剂、撒施粉剂、泡腾剂、固态水面漂浮剂组合物可以通过将活性物质与固体载体混合或一起研磨而生产。
颗粒剂(例如，涂敷、浸渍或均质颗粒剂)可以通过将活性化合物粘合到固体载体上而制备。
固体载体是矿石土如硅胶、硅酸、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、陶土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙和硫酸镁、氧化镁，研碎的合成材料、化肥，如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素和植物产物如面粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉、纤维素粉和其它固体载体。在直接可用制剂中的活性化合物浓度可以在相对宽的范围内变化。
通常，组合物含有按重量计0.01至90％的活性成分，且通常根据制剂类型的不同，优选含有按重量计0.5至50％的活性成分。
防治杂草时，制剂含有按重量计0.0001至10％，优选按重量计0.01至1％的活性化合物是优选的。
本发明组合物施用剂量，根据不同的作物、施用时间、气候条件等因素的不同，一般为1-1000ga.i./ha，优选为5-300ga.i./ha。一般采用叶面施用，例如叶面喷雾处理。
本发明所述的除草组合物可以广泛应用于大豆、玉米、棉花、甜菜、马铃薯等大田中防除单子叶和双子叶杂草，如马唐、稗草、狗尾草、反枝苋、马齿苋、冰草、苘麻、蓼草等，但不局限于上述杂草。
本发明与已有技术相比有如下优点：
1.杀草谱广。可以广泛应用于大田防除单子叶和双子叶杂草，如马唐、稗草、狗尾草、反枝苋、马齿苋、冰草、苘麻、蓼草等。
2.作物安全性高。本发明除草组合物毒性低，弱致敏，对作物、人畜的毒害低。可以在不伤害作物的情况下，安全地防除单、双子叶杂草。
3.杂草防除增效作用显著。
制剂实施例
本发明用下列实施例进行说明，但不限制本发明。
制剂实施例1：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油
原料 用量(重量份)
灭草松 15
氟磺胺草醚 7
精喹禾灵 2
农乳2201 10
二甲苯 46
正己烷 20
称取活性成分溶解于溶剂中，然后再加入乳化剂，搅拌均匀，即制得所述的乳油。
制剂实施例2：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油
原料 用量(重量份)
灭草松 20
氟磺胺草醚 2
精喹禾灵 2
农乳2201 10
二甲苯 46
正己烷 20
称取活性成分溶解于溶剂中，然后再加入乳化剂，搅拌均匀，即制得所述的乳油。
制剂实施例3：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油
原料 用量(重量份)
灭草松 10
氟磺胺草醚 12
精喹禾灵 2
农乳2201 10
二甲苯 46
正己烷 20
称取活性成分溶解于溶剂中，然后再加入乳化剂，搅拌均匀，即制得所述的乳油。
制剂实施例4：24％苯·氟·精喹悬乳剂
原料 用量(重量份)
灭草松 15
氟磺胺草醚 7
精喹禾灵 2
白炭黑 2
尿素 5
农乳1601 8
ABS-Ca 2
水 加至100
称取活性成分，加入水和上述加工辅助成分，经过球磨、砂磨处理，即制得所述的悬乳剂。
生物实施例
生物实施例1：
选择直径为12cm的塑料盆，加入适量湿润灭菌壤土，6月15日播种，每盆均匀播种大豆种子6粒，及混合均匀的杂草种子。杂草2-4叶期(播种后第15天)，准确量取各盆所需药量，兑水喷雾。施药后20天调查试验结果。
取25％灭草松水剂每m2有效成份80mg的用量、25％虎威水剂每m2有效成份40mg的用量、5％精禾草克乳油每m2有效成份8mg的用量及24％苯·氟·精喹乳油1号(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝20∶2∶2)、2号(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝15∶7∶2)、3号(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝10∶12∶2)每m2有效成份40mg的用量，施药后20天，统计杂草出苗种类和株数，计算株防效，观其杀草谱(见表1)。
表1 除草剂杀草谱测定结果
| 试验处理(mgai/m2) | 单子叶杂草 | 双子叶杂草 | 杂草 | |||||||||||||
| 马唐 | 防效(％) | 稗草 | 防效(％) | 狗尾草 | 防效(％) | 总株数 | 总防效(％) | 反枝苋 | 防效(％) | 马齿苋 | 仿效(％) | 总株数 | 总防效(％) | 总株数 | 总防效(％) | |
| 试剂A 80 | 69 | 11.5 | 22 | -15.8 | 24 | 7.7 | 11.5 | 65 | 4 | 85.7 | 7 | 78.8 | 11 | 82.0 | 126 | 31.5 |
| 试剂B 40 | 44 | 43.6 | 13 | 31.6 | 22 | 15.4 | 79 | 35.8 | 0 | 100 | 1 | 97.0 | 1 | 98.4 | 80 | 56.5 |
| 试剂C 8 | 4 | 94.9 | 2 | 89.5 | 1 | 96.2 | 7 | 94.3 | 22 | 21.4 | 24 | 27.3 | 46 | 24.6 | 53 | 71.2 |
| 试剂D 40 | 7 | 91.0 | 2 | 89.5 | 2 | 92.3 | 11 | 91.1 | 0 | 100 | 3 | 90.9 | 3 | 95.1 | 14 | 92.4 |
| 试剂E 40 | 4 | 94.9 | 2 | 89.5 | 1 | 96.2 | 7 | 94.3 | 0 | 00 | 1 | 97.0 | 1 | 98.4 | 9 | 95.1 |
| 试剂F 40 | 3 | 96.2 | 0 | 100 | 1 | 96.2 | 4 | 96.7 | 0 | 00 | 2 | 93.9 | 2 | 96.7 | 8 | 95.7 |
| 空白对照 | 78 | - | 19 | - | 26 | - | 123 | - | 28 | - | 33 | - | 61 | - | 184 | - |
注：试剂A：25％灭草松水剂(江苏省建湖县农药厂)
试剂B：25％虎威水剂(捷利康公司产品)
试剂C：5％精禾草克乳油(日本石原公司产品)
试剂D：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝20∶2∶2)
试剂E：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝15∶7∶2)
试剂F：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝10∶12∶2)
从上表1中可以看出灭草松、氟磺胺草醚、精喹禾灵不同配比组成的混剂24％苯·氟·精喹乳油对单、双子叶杂草防效均较好，总株防效分别为92.4％、95.1％和95.7％，明显优于三个单剂单用，其中25％灭草松水剂、25％虎威水剂对双子叶杂草除草效果(82.0-98.4％)较好，对单子叶杂草除草效果(6.5-35.8％)较差，杂草总株防效为31.5-56.5％；5％精禾草克乳油对单子叶杂草除草效果(94.3％)较好，对双子叶杂草除草效果(24.6％)较差，杂草总株防效为71.2％。上述表明24％苯·氟·精喹乳油均比单剂明显地扩大了杀草谱。
生物实施例2：
选择直径为12cm的塑料盆，加入适量湿润灭菌壤土，6月15日播种，每盆均匀播种大豆种子6粒，及混合均匀的杂草种子。杂草2-4叶期(播种后第15天)，准确量取各盆所需药量，兑水喷雾。施药后20天调查试验结果。
每药剂设5个浓度，每浓度处理4次重复，设清水对照。试验期间观察大豆生长发育情况，确定试验药剂的安全性。施药后20天，检查各处理杂草生长情况，以处理为单位收取杂草称其鲜重，计算各处理的鲜重防效。利用fx-180p计算器求出毒力回归式及各药剂的ED50、ED90，并求出24％苯·氟·精喹乳油的共毒系数。
表2 各种药剂不同处理杂草鲜重、防效及共毒系数
注：试剂A：25％灭草松水剂(江苏省建湖县农药厂)
试剂B：25％虎威水剂(捷利康公司产品)
试剂C：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝20∶2∶2)
试剂D：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝15∶7∶2)
试剂E：24％苯·氟·精喹乳油(灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝10∶12∶2)
由上表可见，所述的本发明组合物具有显著的增效作用。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基本上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种除草组合物，其特征在于它由灭草松、氟磺胺草醚和精喹禾灵作为活性成分，活性成分的重量比为灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝2-20∶1-10∶1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物，其特征在于含有活性成分的重量比为灭草松∶氟磺胺草醚∶精喹禾灵＝5-10∶1-6∶1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的除草组合物，其特征在于活性成分在除草组合物中的重量百分含量为10-50％。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的除草组合物，其中，所述的除草组合物是乳油、可湿性粉剂、粒剂、可溶性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬乳剂、水乳剂、微乳剂或乳剂。
5. 如权利要求3所述的除草组合物，其中，所述的除草组合物是乳油、可湿性粉剂、粒剂、可溶性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬乳剂、水乳剂、微乳剂或乳剂。
6、如权利要求4所述的除草组合物，其中，所述的除草组合物是乳油或悬乳剂。
7、如权利要求5所述的除草组合物，其中，所述的除草组合物是乳油或悬乳剂。
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Effective date of registration: 20111102 Address after: 256600, 518, Yongxin Road, foreshore North Office, Foreshore City, Shandong, Binzhou Patentee after: SHANDONG BINNONG TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 256621, Shandong, Binzhou Province, Bohai, five northbound East Side Patentee before: SHANDONG BINZHOU PESTICIDE PLA |
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Denomination of invention: Herbicide composition containing bentazone, fomesafen and quizalofop-P-fefuryl Effective date of registration: 20131227 Granted publication date: 20060927 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd. Binzhou branch Pledgor: SHANDONG BINNONG TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: 2013990001033 |
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Denomination of invention: Herbicide composition containing bentazone, fomesafen and quizalofop-P-fefuryl Effective date of registration: 20141102 Granted publication date: 20060927 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd. Binzhou branch Pledgor: SHANDONG BINNONG TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: 2014990000921 |
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Denomination of invention: Herbicide composition containing bentazone, fomesafen and quizalofop-P-fefuryl Effective date of registration: 20150929 Granted publication date: 20060927 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd. Binzhou branch Pledgor: SHANDONG BINNONG TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: 2015990000838 |
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