CN1214422C - Vacuum switch device - Google Patents

Vacuum switch device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1214422C
CN1214422C CNB991243862A CN99124386A CN1214422C CN 1214422 C CN1214422 C CN 1214422C CN B991243862 A CNB991243862 A CN B991243862A CN 99124386 A CN99124386 A CN 99124386A CN 1214422 C CN1214422 C CN 1214422C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
shielding
gap length
switching device
solenoid
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB991243862A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1256503A (en
Inventor
盐入哲
山崎利春
村上伸
横仓邦夫
佐藤纯一
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H01H2033/566—Avoiding the use of SF6
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66269—Details relating to the materials used for screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66276—Details relating to the mounting of screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66284—Details relating to the electrical field properties of screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66292—Details relating to the use of multiple screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

The vacuum switchgear comprises a vacuum interrupter from which the seal is put on to both ends of insulation container where the insulation medium is enclosed airtight with the first and second metallic material, in which the vacuum interrupter has fixed electrode which penetrates through the first metallic material and clings the first metallic material, and movable electrode which penetrates the through the second metallic material, is fixed the second metallic material through bellows, and is provided to oppose to the fixed electrode; and operation mechanism which moves the movable electrode along a straight line at three positions of a close position, an open position, and an isolation position.

Description

Vacuum switching device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a SF 6Gas particularly relates to and has suppressed SF as the vacuum switching device of dielectric 6Deng vacuum switching device use amount and that environment is in harmonious proportion of dielectric.
Background technology
With 22/33kV, other extra-high-speed converting equipment of 66/77kV level is example, and existing switching device is described.
Other switching device of this level, problem for the pollution of the surging and live part of cost of erection, prices of land, fail safe, noise etc., require the miniaturization and the closure of switching device, so people are carrying out the exploitation of gas-insulating type switching device (GIS:Gas InsulatedSwitchgear) or box type gas insulating switching device (C-GIS:Cubicle-type GIS) always.
In GIS, with the canister of tubulose each electric equipment is covered, enclose the SF of high pressure as dielectric 6Gas makes it miniaturization, closure.
C-GIS is with respect to GIS, be a kind ofly to have higher reliability, fail safe and maintenance overhaul easy the time, can also build between short-term on the narrow land for building, and the switching device that also can develop contentedly the requirement that is in harmonious proportion with on every side environment.
This C-GIS a kind ofly is accommodated in each electric equipment in the box container that utilizes near the low-voltage insulation gas the atmospheric pressure totally, and the device that inside is distinguished by each component unit, and outward appearance is the same with other locking distribution board.
As mentioned above, recently, SF 6Gas is many as the situation that the switching device of dielectric turns round.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 1 shows the configuration example of this representational box type gas insulating switching device.In Fig. 1, the inside at the casing 1 that periphery is fenced up airtightly with mild steel plate is sealed with SF 6Gas 2.Casing 1 gas zone is divided into and is subjected to electric chamber 1a, breaker chamber 1b and bus-bar room 1c.
In being subjected to electric chamber 1a, cable end 3 is installed in the side of casing 1.Being accommodated in the lightning arrester 4 that is subjected in the electric chamber 1a is connected with detection insulator 5 usefulness bonding conductors 7.In addition, the electric power of perforation current transformer 8 is connected on the cable 9 with cable.
In addition, the insulating cell 10a that being situated between in the middle of the breaker chamber 1b has and be subjected to electric chamber 1a to carry out the hypomere of gas differentiation takes in circuit breaker 11, and this circuit breaker 11 has been taken in the vacuum tube that does not draw and.Being situated between in the middle of this circuit breaker 11 has bonding conductor 7 to be connected to bus-bar room 1c to carry out on the insulating cell 10b of the epimere that gas distinguishes.
Circuit breaker 11 uses high vacuum as the insulation arc extinguishing medium.And isolator 6 uses SF as the insulation arc extinguishing medium 6Gas.
Remove outside electromagnet and the movable core, possess the solenoid mechanism that is referred to as stable type of permanent magnet, have in the motion end of movable core function by means of the attraction holding position of permanent magnet.In addition, in the solenoid mechanism of this stable type, having can be in the mechanism that is referred to as monostable typing of the holding position, office, an end of the actuating range of movable core and can be in the mechanism that is referred to as the bistable typing of the holding position, two ends of the actuating range of movable core.
By the movable core of attraction, owing to can stably keep till the boundary of attraction, old friends have proposed a kind of operating mechanism as vacuum circuit-breaker and have used solenoidal scheme.
The solenoid mechanism that can use in the operating mechanism of vacuum circuit-breaker is even if it is desirable to be at electromagnet the mechanism of the stable type of the position that also can keep electrode under the non-excited state.This solenoid mechanism, components number is few, simple structure, and only move to linearity.Since will produce big stress or compress into the part of line slip with big contact-making surface few, so have the advantage that is easy to guarantee reliability.
Yet in the switching device of such formation, isolator 6 uses SF as the insulation arc extinguishing medium 6Gas.People know, this SF 6Gas and air ratio have about 100 times arc performance and about 3 times insulation property.And, this SF 6Gas is a kind of colourless, odorless, tasteless, incombustible highly stable gas under common state, and nontoxic.
But, when at this SF 6In when, in the gas arc discharge having taken place, SF 6SOF just takes place in gas 2, SO 2, SO 2F 2, SOF 4, HF, SiF 4Deng decomposition product or decomposition gas.Because this SF 6The decomposition product of gas or decomposition gas strong toxicity are so when the gas that reclaims after decomposing, must handle especially or manage.
Because the disconnection of fault current etc. is carried out with circuit breaker 11, so the danger of decomposition product or decomposition gas does not take place.But the bus in the electric substation switches or circuit switches and will carry out with isolator 6.
Therefore, isolator 6 requires to have the disconnection responsibility of loop current.This loop current will become the current value that approaches rated current.At this moment, in isolator 6 decomposition product or decomposition gas will take place.So, under the situation of the gas that reclaims such isolator, though be to adopt the method that absorbs etc. by adsorbent, will be painstakingly for its operation.
In addition, SF 6Gas be a kind of become the root that makes global warming by greenhouse gases, its greenhouse effect coefficient is 24000 times of carbon dioxide.Therefore, SF 6Gas also becomes the reduction object gas, and requirement can just be discharged inhibition and reduction and be taken measures.From the environmental requirement aspect, as the insulation arc extinguishing medium of isolator, desirable also is not use SF like this 6Gas.
So people consider that a kind of dielectric isolator becomes the vacuum separator of vacuum.But, exist problem as the price raising of switching device.
Have again, in such switching device shown in Figure 1, by from 11 and the temperature of the bonding conductor that heating produced 7 of the contact of isolator 6 rise and will become problem.So, by the heating of the contact of such circuit breaker 11 or isolator 6, be this part thing of causing by this part the Joule heat that contact resistance produced as can be known, must take to be used for reducing certain countermeasure of contact resistance.
On the other hand, in order to solve such problem, for example telling about following such vacuum switching device in Japan's ' spy opens flat 9-153320 communique '.This vacuum switching device is provided with fixed electrode and grounding electrode at the two ends of criss-cross vacuum tube, and setting is the energising axle and the movable electrode of fulcrum with vertical with it position.
But, this vacuum switching device, because the formation complexity of vacuum tube, so components number will increase, it is very high that the price of vacuum tube can become.Because constitute complexity, the assembling of vacuum tube is not easy, so be difficult to obtain the high vacuum tube of reliability in addition.Have again,,, lack the long-term reliability of intensity aspect so will add the loading of excessive bending direction to bellows because movable axis moves in a circumferential direction by bellows.For this reason, will cause the vacuum leak of vacuum tube.Moreover, carrying out short-time current when test, for the rebound of the movable electrode that suppresses to cause by electromagnetic force, though add loading with spring usually,, in the vacuum tube of such formation, exist the problem that is difficult to add such loading.
Because above reason is not used SF 6The realization of the switching device of the gas difficulty that becomes.
In addition,,, only just can keep the position of movable core, then can not keep stable in the centre position in the end of actuating range if use solenoid mechanism from the operating mechanism aspect.Therefore, can not stably keep closing position (the contact position contacting of the contact of movable electrode and fixed electrode), open position, these 3 positions of off position and comprise earthing position in 4 interior positions.
In addition, because the attraction that is obtained by magnet is subjected to the influence in the gap of magnet and magnetic widely, thus if the gap broadening, then attraction will reduce sharp.For this reason, it is difficult realizing keeping the needed enough strokes in 3 positions or 4 positions.In addition, in order to increase stroke, electromagnet or permanent magnet magnetic force just must be very big, exist the maximization of device or the problem that electromagnet needs big current drives.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of possess constitute the high vacuum tube of simple and reliable property and can realize closing position, open position, these 3 positions of off position, or also comprise the high operating mechanism of reliability of 4 positions of earthing position, suppress SF 6The vacuum switching device that is in harmonious proportion with environment of the use amount of the dielectric of gas etc.
The invention provides a kind of vacuum switching device, comprise: enclosed the vacuum tube at two ends of the insulating vessel of dielectric with the 1st and the 2nd hardware gas-tight seal, above-mentioned vacuum tube has: connect above-mentioned the 1st hardware and be fixed on fixed electrode on above-mentioned the 1st hardware; When connecting above-mentioned the 2nd hardware, be fixed to the movable electrode on above-mentioned the 2nd hardware by means of bellows, this movable electrode and said fixing electrode are oppositely arranged, and the operating mechanism that above-mentioned movable electrode is moved to linearity on these 3 positions of closing, open, open circuit, wherein, be d in the gap length of establishing between the contact of above-mentioned open position 1, above-mentioned off position contact between gap length be decided to be d 2Situation under, by relational expression d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Set each gap length d 1, d 2
In the vacuum tube body of sealing airtightly, cross bellows and in transportable a pair of energising on the direction of principal axis spool, disposing fixed electrode and movable electrode opposite to each other connecting a hardware and a square tube, the contact position contacting of the contact of movable electrode and fixed electrode is defined as closes the position, employing makes closes the position, open position, these 3 positions of off position are carried out the way that straight line moves continuously, the intrinsic movable electrode of vacuum tube is moved on the off position, contact as isolator moves, so can be accommodated in the isolator contact in the vacuum tube body that circuit breaker uses.
In addition, the present invention also provides another kind of vacuum switching device, comprise: enclosed the vacuum tube at two ends of the insulating vessel of dielectric with the 1st and the 2nd hardware gas-tight seal, above-mentioned vacuum tube has: connect above-mentioned the 1st hardware and be fixed on fixed electrode on above-mentioned the 1st hardware; The movable electrode that when connecting above-mentioned the 2nd hardware, is fixed on above-mentioned the 2nd hardware and is oppositely arranged with the said fixing electrode by means of bellows; Grounding electrode with an opposite side of being located at above-mentioned movable electrode with fixed electrode, and make above-mentioned movable electrode close, open, open circuit and these 4 positions of ground connection on linearity the operating mechanism that moves, wherein, be d in the gap length of establishing between the contact of above-mentioned open position 1, above-mentioned off position contact between gap length be decided to be d 2Situation under, by relational expression d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Set each gap length d 1, d 2
On the other hand, the gap length between the contact of open position is being decided to be d 1, the gap length between the contact of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, adopt each gap length d 1, d 2Relation be decided to be d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Way, can be reduced in the insulation breakdown rate between the contact at off position place, can realize the coordination of the insulation of off position and open position.
In addition, the arc shield that the metal manufacturing is set makes fixed electrode and movable electrode is surrounded, the gap length separately between this arc shield and fixed electrode and the movable electrode is decided to be d 3, the gap length between the contact of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, adopt each gap length d 2, d 3Relation be decided to be d 3=(0.35～0.8) d 2Way, can determine the optimum position of the arc shield under the situation of insulating surfaces, can reduce the electric field strength of movable electrode and fixed electrode.
Have again, the 2nd shielding of surrounding fixed electrode and the 3rd shielding of surrounding movable electrode are set, adopt the way of supporting the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding with the metallic plate at two ends, the electric field strength that can reduce a movable side and fix side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode.
On the other hand, adopt with the energising axle that is connected on the fixed electrode and support the 2nd way that shields, when can reducing a movable side and fixing the electric field strength of side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode, can also reduce the electric field strength of the upper end of arc shield.
In addition, adopt the way of supporting the 2nd shielding with fixed electrode, when can reducing a movable side and fixing the electric field strength of side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode, can also reduce the electric field strength of the upper end of arc shield.
Have again, the gap length of the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding is being decided to be d 4, the gap length between the contact of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, adopt each gap length d 2, d 4Relation be decided to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2Way, when can reducing a movable side and fixing the electric field strength of side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode, can also make the electric field strength optimization of these various pieces.
On the other hand, the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding is decided to be stainless steel.
In addition, the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding is decided to be tungsten.
Adopt the way that the material of the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding is decided to be stainless steel or tungsten, when can reducing a movable side and fixing the electric field strength of side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode, can also improve the insulation property between the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding.
On the other hand, the combined electrolysis milled processed is carried out on the surface of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding.
In addition, the upgrading layer that setting is formed by the irradiation of electron beam on the surface of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding.
The way of combined electrolysis milled processed or electron beam treatment is carried out in employing to the surface of the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding, when can reducing a movable side and fixing the electric field strength of side joint point or movable electrode and fixed electrode, can also improve the insulation property between the 2nd shielding and the 3rd shielding.
Have again, be fixed on the movable electrode the energising axle and with it the gap length between in opposite directions the grounding electrode be decided to be d 5, the gap length between the contact of open position is decided to be d 1Situation under, adopt each gap length d 1, d 5Relation be decided to be d 5=(1.3～1.8) d 1Way, can be implemented in the coordination of the insulation of insulation between the contact at open position place of a movable side and earthing position, can improve reliability.
On the other hand, in vacuum switching device of the present invention, disconnecting mechanism part and interrupter part that aforesaid operations mechanism has in series configuration and moves to linearity between 2 positions respectively; The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is attached on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part, and above-mentioned interrupter partly carries out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till switch motion.
Employing makes the carrying out that require high speed motion begin the way of the interrupter part configured in series of the switch motion till the off position from the carrying out that close the position and begin the disconnecting mechanism part of the switch motion till the open position and do not need to carry out high speed motion from open position, can realize the switch motion of 3 positions with certain and cheap operating mechanism.
In addition, in vacuum switching device of the present invention, aforesaid operations mechanism has in series configuration and respectively in the disconnecting mechanism part of linearity ground action between 2 positions with comprising the interrupter part of linearity ground action between 3 positions of intermediate point; The framework of above-mentioned interrupter part is attached on the above-mentioned movable electrode, carries out above-mentioned gap length d 1Switch motion; The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is attached on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part, and above-mentioned interrupter partly carries out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till and from above-mentioned gap length d 2Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 3Till the switch motion in 2 stages.
Begin switch motion till the open position with what disconnecting mechanism partly carried out the requirement high speed motion from closing the position, partly do not need the way that begins the switch motion till the off position and begin the action in this 2 stage of switch motion till the earthing position from open position of high speed motion with configured in series to the interrupter on the disconnecting mechanism part, can realize the switch motion of 4 positions with certain and cheap operating mechanism from off position.
Moreover, in vacuum switching device of the present invention, disconnecting mechanism part and interrupter part and earthing mechanism part that aforesaid operations mechanism has in series configuration and moves to linearity between 2 positions respectively; The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is attached on the above-mentioned movable electrode, carries out above-mentioned gap length d 1Switch motion; The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is attached on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part, and above-mentioned interrupter partly carries out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till switch motion; The framework of above-mentioned interrupter part is attached on the moving part of above-mentioned earthing mechanism part, and above-mentioned earthing mechanism partly carries out from above-mentioned gap length d 2Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 3Till switch motion.
Employing makes the carrying out that require high speed motion begin the interrupter part of the switch motion till the off position from the carrying out that close the position and begin the disconnecting mechanism part of the switch motion till the open position and do not need to carry out high speed motion from open position and carries out beginning from off position the way of the earthing mechanism part configured in series of the switch motion till the earthing position, can realize the switch motion of 4 positions with certain and cheap operating mechanism.
On the other hand, each side in above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part and the above-mentioned interrupter part, solenoid mechanism of apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet all perhaps also possesses the solenoid mechanism formation of spring as required; The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is the movable core of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is the yoke of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part is the movable core of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, and the framework of above-mentioned interrupter part is the yoke of the 2nd solenoid mechanism; Above-mentioned each movable core, all by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring.
Adopt with the little disconnecting mechanism of the weight of moving part and partly close switch motion between position and the open position at high speed, stably keep position separately simultaneously, positively carry out switch motion between open position and the off position with interrupter part, the way that stably keeps position separately simultaneously can realize switch motion with certain and cheap operating mechanism.
In addition, the solenoid mechanism of apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet, the solenoid mechanism that perhaps also possesses spring as required constitutes above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part; The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is the movable core of above-mentioned solenoid mechanism, and the framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is above-mentioned yoke; Above-mentioned movable core, by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring; Above-mentioned interrupter partly be possess solenoid, formed protuberance yoke, formed the movable core of protuberance and the electromagnetic actuators of permanent magnet opposite to each other with the protuberance of above-mentioned yoke, the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part is the movable core of above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators; The framework of above-mentioned interrupter part is the yoke of above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators; Above-mentioned movable core is when carrying out reciprocating action by means of the attraction of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet, when the holding position was come by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet in the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core, the protuberance that makes the protuberance of above-mentioned yoke and above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet at the place, centre position of above-mentioned actuating range is the holding position opposite to each other.
Adopt with the little disconnecting mechanism of the weight of moving part and partly close switch motion between position and the open position at high speed, stably keep position separately simultaneously, positively carry out switch motion between open position and the off position with interrupter part, stably keep position separately simultaneously, positively carry out switch motion between off position and the earthing position with earthing mechanism part, the way that stably keeps position separately simultaneously can realize switch motion with certain and cheap operating mechanism.
In addition, above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part and above-mentioned interrupter part and earthing mechanism each side in partly, solenoid mechanism of apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet all perhaps also possesses the solenoid mechanism formation of spring as required; The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is the movable core of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part is the yoke of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part is the movable core of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, the framework of above-mentioned interrupter part is the yoke of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, the moving part of above-mentioned earthing mechanism is the movable core of the 3rd solenoid mechanism, and the framework of above-mentioned earthing mechanism part is the yoke of the 3rd solenoid mechanism; Above-mentioned each movable core, all by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring.
Adopt with the little disconnecting mechanism of the weight of moving part and partly close switch motion between position and the open position at high speed, stably keep position separately simultaneously, positively carry out switch motion between open position and the off position with interrupter part, stably keep position separately simultaneously, positively carry out switch motion between off position and the earthing position with earthing mechanism part, the way that stably keeps position separately simultaneously can realize switch motion with certain and cheap operating mechanism.
Have again, in the solenoid of solenoid that makes solenoid mechanism or electromagnetic actuators any one carried out excitation to be made in unshakable in one's determination the moving, solenoid to other carries out excitation, strengthen other the not confining force of the position of mobile movable core, owing to make disconnecting mechanism part or interrupter part or also have any one movable core in the earthing mechanism part to move, even if effect has reaction force on other the mechanism part of configured in series, also can strengthen the power of holding position, so can stably keep its position, can prevent that misoperation from improving reliability.
As above narration at length, if adopt vacuum switching device of the present invention, then can provide and possess the high vacuum tube of the simple and reliable property of formation, with can realize closing these 3 positions of position, open position and off position, the high operating mechanism of reliability that perhaps also comprises 4 positions of earthing position suppresses SF 6The vacuum switching device that is in harmonious proportion with environment of the use amount of the dielectric of gas etc.
Description of drawings
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 1 shows the configuration example of existing representational box type gas insulating switching device.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 2 shows the embodiment 1 of the vacuum tube of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 3 shows the embodiment 2 of the vacuum tube of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 1 and embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 1 and embodiment 2.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 6 shows the embodiment 5 of the vacuum tube of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 7 shows the embodiment 6 of the vacuum tube of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 8 shows the embodiment 7 of the vacuum tube of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7.
Figure 10 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7.
Figure 11 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7.
Figure 12 is the performance plot that is used for illustrating respectively the effect of the foregoing description 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7.
Figure 13 A shows the embodiment 12 of the operating mechanism of vacuum switching device of the present invention to the sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 13 C.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 14 shows the embodiment 14 of the operating mechanism of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
Figure 15 A shows the embodiment 15 of the operating mechanism of vacuum switching device of the present invention to the sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 15 C.
Figure 16 A shows the embodiment 16 of the operating mechanism of vacuum switching device of the present invention to the sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 16 D.
The sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 17 shows the embodiment 17 of the operating mechanism of vacuum switching device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Followingly embodiments of the invention are at length described with reference to accompanying drawing.
(embodiment 1)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 2 shows the configuration example of vacuum tube 20 of the vacuum switching device of the embodiment of the invention 1.
By the insulating concrete cylinder 21 that pottery or glass constitute, its both ends open part with fixing a side end panel 22 and a movable side end panel 23 seals, constitutes airtight container respectively.
Support is fixed with the fixing energising axle 25 that has engaged fixed electrode 24 on the side end panel 21 fixing.Opposite to each other movable electrode 26 is fixed on the movable energising axle 27 with fixed electrode 24.Should be attached on the operating mechanism that to say the back by movable energising axle 27.
In addition, a side that is contacted with movable electrode 26 at fixed electrode 24 is configured on separately the electrode by contact 28a that constitutes with the corresponding all material of the purposes of vacuum tube 20 and 28b.
On the other hand, between a movable energising axle 27 and a movable side cover plate 23, be provided with bellows 29, movable electrode 26 can be moved to linearity.
In addition, with electric insulating state arc shield 32 is set around fixed electrode 24 and movable electrode 26, the insulating concrete cylinder 21 that the metal vapors when preventing that electric current from disconnecting brings adheres to dirt.
Contact 28a and 28b are carried out position contacting to be decided to be and to close the position.Movable electrode 26 is moved, and is the gap length between each contact d 1The time the position be decided to be open position.Movable electrode 26 is moved, and is the gap length between each contact d 2The time the position be decided to be off position.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, under the situation of the instruction that the control circuit that the vacuum switching device that never draws is arranged sends, movable electrode 26 moves, and the gap length that becomes between contact 28a and 28b is d 1Position (open position).
Sent at the control circuit from vacuum switching device under the situation of opening the utmost point (opening circuit) instruction of isolator, movable electrode 26 is moved further, the gap length between each contact 28a and 28b will become d 2Position (off position).
So, being located at contact 28b on the movable electrode 26 will be continuously carry out straight line on position, open position, these 3 positions of off position and moves closing.
In this case, because the contact of isolator is incorporated in the vacuum tank, so even if the electric currents approaching such as cutoff circuit electric current with rated current, owing to not using SF 6Decomposition gas or decomposition product so can not take place in gas.
In other words, as mentioned above,, do not use this SF as greenhouse gases as the insulation arc extinguishing medium of isolator 6Gas uses high vacuum, so also the market demand with nearest is consistent from the environment aspect.
In addition, because the contact of circuit breaker and isolator becomes one, so contact resistance reduces, the temperature that can reduce main circuit rises.
Have again, because the contact of circuit breaker and isolator is accommodated in identical the vacuum tank, and constitute simply, so vacuum tube 20 can be produced in a large number, can realize the miniaturization and the low price of vacuum switching device.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, adopt closing on these 3 positions of position, open position and off position and carry out the way that straight line moves continuously, just can constitute circuit breaker, isolator, so can their be moved with an operating mechanism.Therefore, from this point, also can realize the miniaturization and the low price of vacuum switching device.
(embodiment 2)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 3 shows the configuration example of vacuum tube 20 of the vacuum switching device of embodiment 2, and the part identical with Fig. 2 given same numeral and omitted its explanation, here only the part different with Fig. 2 told about.
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, with movable energising axle 27 position in opposite directions that is connected on the above-mentioned movable electrode 26 on grounding electrode 35 is set, and make with the internal diameter of movable energising axle 27 contact electrode 35 in opposite directions littler than the external diameter of movable electrode 26.
Between the metal end plate 22,23 at grounding electrode 35 and two ends, dispose insulating cylinder 21,36 respectively.It is to close the position that the contact 28b of movable electrode 26 and the contact 28a of fixed electrode 24 carry out position contacting, and the gap length between contact 28a, 28b is d 6The position be earthing position.
By means of above-mentioned formation, in the present embodiment, movable electrode just can be continuously carries out straight line on these 4 positions of position, open position, off position and earthing position and moves closing.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, when the maintenance of vacuum switching device etc., control circuit at the next vacuum switching device that never draws has sent under the situation of the instruction that becomes ground connection from off state, and movable electrode 26 moves, and the gap length between contact 28a, 28b becomes d 6Position (earthing position) locate ground connection.
By means of this, carry out straight line continuously on position, open position, off position, these 4 positions of earthing position and move closing.
In this case, owing to earthing device is accommodated in the vacuum tube 20, so can realize the miniaturization of vacuum switching device.
In addition, because the formation of vacuum tube 20 is simple,, make a large amount of productions become possibility so the assembling of vacuum tube 20 also becomes easily.
Have again, because the components number minimizing, so can realize the low price of vacuum switching device.
In the present embodiment, adopt closing on these 4 positions of position, open position, off position and earthing position and carry out the way that straight line moves continuously, just can their be moved with an operating mechanism.Therefore, from this point, also can realize the miniaturization and the low price of vacuum switching device.
(embodiment 3)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment 3 in the vacuum tube 20 of the described Fig. 2 in front, is being decided to be d to the gap length between the contact 28a, the 28b that close the position 1, the gap length between contact 28a, the 28b of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, make each gap length d 1, d 2Relation be decided to be d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt each gap length is decided to be d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Way, just can be reduced in the insulation breakdown probability between the contact at off position place, realize the coordination of the insulation of off position and open position.
In general, interelectrode puncture voltage Vb in the vacuum and the relation between the gap length d can be used Vb=ab nExpression.Though this n value is different because of electrode material, people know and say n=0.6 roughly.
In addition, the Probability Distribution of the insulation breakdown in the vacuum is normal distribution, and standard deviation is at this moment represented the decentralization of puncture voltage.
Be located at contact 28b on the movable electrode shown in Figure 2 26 in the surplus of the insulation property at open position place, if 50% puncture voltage is decided to be V here, 50, then for V 50Be target roughly with 2 σ.To this, in the surplus of the insulation property at off position place, owing to must consider reliability or secure context, so for V 50Be defined as the surplus that makes it to have 3 σ.The destruction probability of 3 σ is about 0.1%.
Though the decentralization σ of the puncture voltage between contact 28a, 28b it is generally acknowledged to be 10～23% because of contactor material, surface state, turn-off current etc. differ widely.
The performance plot of Fig. 4, from the relation between above-mentioned puncture voltage and the gap length, showing the gap length that 3 σ are provided and the ratio of the gap length of 2 σ is provided (is d 2And d 1Ratio) and decentralization (standard deviation) σ of puncture voltage between an example of relation.
As the accurate deviation of bidding is 10%, then the ratio d of gap length 2/ d 1To become approximately 1.3, be 23% as the accurate deviation of bidding, then the ratio d of gap length 2/ d 1To become about 2.6.
As mentioned above, employing makes gap length become d 2＜d 1=1.3～2.6 way can obtain the high vacuum switching device of reliability of economy and insulation.
(embodiment 4)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment 4 in the vacuum tube 20 of the described Fig. 2 in front, is being decided to be d to the gap length between the contact 28a, the 28b that close the position 1, be decided to be d surrounding the fixed electrode 24 and the arc shield 32 of movable electrode 26 and the gap length between fixed electrode 24 and the movable electrode 26 3, the gap length between contact 28a, the 28b of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, make d 2, d 3Relation become d 3=(0.35～0.8) d 2
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt to make each gap length d 2, d 3Relation become d 3=(0.35～0.8) d 2Way, just can determine the optimum position of the arc shield under the situation of insulating surfaces, just can reduce the electric field strength of fixed electrode.
The performance plot of Fig. 5 shows above-mentioned d 3And d 2Ratio and an example of the relation between the electric field strength E 1 of the end of fixed electrode 24.
In Fig. 5, the electric field strength E c of the longitudinal axis is decided to be breakdown field strength under the situation of copper to the material of fixed electrode 24.
Ratio d when gap length 3/ d 2Become and be lower than at 0.5 o'clock, because the electric field strength of electrode tip determines by the gap length of 32 of fixed electrode 24 and arc shields, so gap length ratio d 3/ d 2The electric field strength of more little then electrode tip is high more.
Ratio d in gap length 3/ d 2Be 0.35 o'clock, the electric field strength of the end of fixed electrode 24 has reached breakdown field strength.
Ratio d when gap length 3/ d 2Become 0.8 when above, because the electric field strength of the end of fixed electrode 24 determines by electrode gap, so it is so low can not become.
In addition, as the ratio d of gap length 3/ d 2When becoming big, because the diameter of vacuum tube 20 becomes big, so the ratio d of gap length 3/ d 2, as much as possible little from it is desirable in price.
Therefore, adopt the ratio d of gap length 3/ d 2Be decided to be 0.35～0.8 way, suppress the external diameter of vacuum tube 20, can obtain the vacuum tube 20 of excellent in insulation characteristic.
(embodiment 5)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 6 shows the configuration example of vacuum tube 20 of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment.In Fig. 6, for the part identical with Fig. 2 give same numeral and omit to its explanation, here only different parts is told about.
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment 5 as shown in Figure 6, has the 2nd shielding 33 of surrounding said fixing electrode 24 and the 3rd shielding 34 of surrounding above-mentioned movable electrode 26.The metal end plate support at the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 usefulness two ends is fixed.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, employing is provided with the 2nd shielding 33 of surrounding fixed electrode 24 and the 3rd shielding 34 of surrounding movable electrode 26, and with the metal end plate at two ends, the way of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 is fixed in support, can reduce a movable side joint point 28b and fix a side joint point 28a, or the electric field strength of movable electrode 26 and fixed electrode 24.
In other words, in Fig. 6, the insulation property between each contact 28a, 28b, as mentioned above, by about the microcosmic surface state of contact.Therefore, the disconnection condition insulation property that depend on electric current can reduce a lot.In addition,, peel off because the part of contact is in opposite directions applied in sloppy heat even if under zero load, carry out switch, become the projection on surface or with the form of particle from taking off, so the insulation property reduction.
So, employing is provided with the 2nd shielding 33 of surrounding fixed electrode 24 and the way of surrounding the 3rd shielding 34 of movable electrode 26, the electric field strength on the surface of each contact 28a, 28b is reduced, and the result becomes the influence that insulation property are not subjected to the zero load switch of disconnection conditioned disjunction of electric current.
As mentioned above, adopt the 2nd shielding 33 of surrounding fixed electrode 24 and the way of surrounding the 3rd shielding 34 of movable electrode 26 are set, can obtain the good vacuum switching device of insulation property.
(embodiment 6)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 7 shows the configuration example of vacuum tube 20 of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment.In Fig. 7, for the part identical with Fig. 6 give same numeral and omit to its explanation, here only different parts is told about.
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment as shown in Figure 7, is supported the 2nd shielding 33 of fixing above-mentioned encirclement fixed electrode 24 with fixing energising axle 25.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt the way of supporting the 2nd shielding 33 of fixing above-mentioned encirclement fixed electrode 24 with fixing energising axle 25, can reduce a movable side joint point 28b and fix a side joint point 28a, or the electric field strength of movable electrode 26 and fixed electrode 24, simultaneously, can also reduce the electric field strength of the upper end of arc shield.
In other words, in the vacuum tube 20 of Fig. 6 that the 2nd shielding 33 is set, the electric field strength of the upper part of arc shield uprises.
So, adopt the way of supporting the 2nd shielding 33 of fixing above-mentioned encirclement fixed electrode 24 with fixing energising axle 25, can reduce the electric field strength of the upper part of arc shield, improve the insulation property of 33 of arc shield and the 2nd shieldings.In addition, for the insulation property between each contact 28a, 28b, can obtain the same action effect of situation of the embodiment 5 that said with the front.
(embodiment 7)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Fig. 8 shows the configuration example of vacuum tube 20 of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment.In Fig. 8, for the part identical with Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 give same numeral and omit to its explanation, here only different parts is told about.
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment as shown in Figure 8, is supported the 2nd shielding 33 of fixing above-mentioned encirclement fixed electrode 24 with fixed electrode 24.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt the way of supporting the 2nd shielding 33 of fixing above-mentioned encirclement fixed electrode 24 with fixed electrode 24, the action effect same can be obtained, the good vacuum switching device of insulation property can be obtained with the situation of the foregoing description 6.
(embodiment 8)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment in the vacuum tube 20 of the described Fig. 6 in front, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, is being decided to be d to the gap length between the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 4, the gap length between contact 28a, the 28b of off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, make each gap length d 2, d 4Relation be decided to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt each gap length d 2, d 4Relation be decided to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2Way, can reduce a movable side joint point 28b and fix a side joint point 28a, or the electric field strength of movable electrode 26 and fixed electrode 24, simultaneously, can also make the electric field strength optimization of these parts.
The performance plot of Fig. 9 shows these the example of electric field strength of periphery that has or not decision by the 2nd shielding the 33 or the 3rd shielding 34.
Be shown in the chain-dotted line straight line E of upper end here, 0Expression does not have the electric field strength on the surface of the 2nd shielding 34 o'clock contact 28a of the 33 or the 3rd shielding or 28b, curve E 1The electric field strength of representing the top of the 2nd shielding the 33 or the 3rd shielding 34, curve E 2Be illustrated in the electric field strength on the surface of the contact 28a at off position place or 28b.
Curve E 1Ratio d with gap length 4/ d 2Inversely proportional, curve E 2Ratio d with gap length 4/ d 2In direct ratio.
In addition, breakdown field strength Ea is that the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 material is the value under the stainless situation, and breakdown field strength Eb is decided to be value under the situation of chromiumcopper to the material of contact 28a and 28b.
Why low than Ea the breakdown field strength Eb of contact is, is not only because the material difference, can also think as mentioned above the cause of the reduction that all switches because of electric current disconnection etc. produce.
So, as shown in Figure 9, adopt each gap length d 2, d 4Relation be decided to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2Way, can reduce the electric field strength of each contact 28a and 28b, can obtain vacuum switching device small-sized and that insulation property are good.
(embodiment 9)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment in the vacuum tube shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 20, is decided to be stainless steel or tungsten to the material of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt the way that the material of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 is decided to be stainless steel or tungsten, can reduce a movable side joint point 28b and fix a side joint point 28a, or the electric field strength of movable electrode 26 and fixed electrode 24, can also improve the insulation property between the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34.
The performance plot of Figure 10 shows the present inventor and waits the comparative example because of the 2nd shielding 33 and the different anti-thunder pulse voltage performances that form of the material of the 3rd shielding 34 that carries out.
Material is copper (oxygen-free copper), stainless steel (SUS34), tungsten.In addition, testing used electrode shape is the plate electrode of diameter 34mm, and gap length is 1.5mm.
In Figure 10, proof voltage and copper material compare, and stainless steel is 1.7 times, and tungsten is 1.9 times.
But,, also can obtain same effect with the gimmick coating tungsten of vacuum evaporation etc., so as long as a surfacing that shields is decided to be stainless steel or tungsten even if on the surface of copper material.
As mentioned above, adopt the way that the material of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34 is decided to be stainless steel or tungsten, except the effect that above-mentioned electric field relaxes, can also realize the miniaturization of vacuum switching device.
(embodiment 10)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment in the vacuum tube shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 20, is implemented combined electrolysis milled processed or electron beam treatment (shining the upgrading layer that obtains with electron beam) to the surface of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34.
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, the way of combined electrolysis milled processed or electron beam treatment is implemented in employing to the surface of the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34, can reduce a movable side joint point 28b and fix a side joint point 28a, or the electric field strength of movable electrode 26 and fixed electrode 24, can also improve the insulation property between the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34.
The performance plot of Figure 11 shows the present inventor and waits the comparative example because of the 2nd shielding 33 and the different thunder pulse breakdown voltages that form of the material of the 3rd shielding 34 that carries out.
Surface roughness is ground to form about about 1 micron electrode and the thunder impulse withstand voltage characteristic that this electrode has carried out the electrode after the combined electrolysis milled processed is compared.Electrolyte is the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid in addition.
In general, the insulation breakdown in the vacuum as shown in Figure 11, is whenever carried out primary insulation repeatedly and is punctured, and puncture voltage will raise.This is called the adjusting effect, in the final operation of the manufacturing of vacuum tube, utilizes the adjusting of this phenomenon to handle.
As shown in Figure 11, adopt the way carry out the combined electrolysis milled processed, demonstrate high insulation property, and final puncture voltage also becomes and exceeds about 20kV with few puncture number of times.
As mentioned above, adopt the way of carrying out the combined electrolysis milled processed, can obtain shortening the advantage of regulating the needed time of processing.
In addition, this combined electrolysis milled processed is even if implement the effect that also can obtain the raising of same withstand voltage properties to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, arc shield 32 shown in Figure 8.
The performance plot of Figure 12 shows for the 2nd shielding the 33 and the 3rd shielding 34, has carried out the comparative example of the voltage-resistent characteristic under the situation of electron beam treatment for the combined electrolysis milled processed.
As shown in Figure 12, adopt the way carry out electron beam treatment, demonstrate high insulation property, and final puncture voltage also becomes and exceeds about 20kV with few destruction number of times.
As mentioned above, adopt the way of carrying out electron beam treatment, can obtain shortening the advantage of regulating the needed time of processing.
(embodiment 11)
The vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment in the vacuum tube 20 of the described Fig. 3 in front, is being decided to be d to the gap length between contact 28a, the 28b of open position 1, the movable gap length of being located on the movable electrode 26 of switching between axle 27 and the grounding electrode 35 is decided to be d 5Situation under, each gap length d 5, d 1Relation be decided to be d 5=(1.3～1.8) d 1
In the vacuum tube 20 of present embodiment, adopt each gap length d 5, d 1Relation be decided to be d 5=(1.3～1.8) d 1Way, can be implemented in the coordination of the insulation of insulation between the contact at open position place of a movable side joint point 28b and earthing device, can improve reliability.
In other words, if, similarly 50% puncture voltage is made as V with off position in the surplus of the insulation property at earthing position place 50, then for V 50, the surplus of needs 3 σ.As mentioned above, in the surplus of the insulation property at open position place, for V 50, be standard roughly with 2 σ.Grounding electrode 35 is owing to the responsibility that does not have electric current to disconnect, so the damage of electrode surface is fewer.
Grounding electrode 35 and the movably experiment of the decentralization of the puncture voltage of energising axle 27 have been carried out asking, if represent that with standard deviation then decentralization is 10～18%.
(is d by the gap length that 3 σ are provided shown in Figure 4 with the ratio of the gap length of 2 σ is provided 5/ d 1) and the decentralization (standard deviation) of puncture voltage between relation as can be known, the ratio d of gap length 5/ d 1Become 1.3～1.8.
By means of this, the insulation between grounding electrode 35 and the movable energising axle 27 can realize and the coordination of the insulation of off position, can obtain the high vacuum switching device of economy and reliability.
(embodiment 12)
Figure 13 A shows the configuration example of operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment to the sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 13 C, show the formation of closing position, open position off position place respectively.
At Figure 13 A in Figure 13 C, operating mechanism 50 constitute mechanism's part 60,90 configured in series 2 groups.
From to the near side of vacuum tube 20, be decided to be disconnecting mechanism part 60 and interrupter part 90 here.
In other words, the movable energising of the movable axis 61 of disconnecting mechanism part 60 by insulating rod 36 and vacuum tube 20 spools 27 links, and 91 on the rotating shaft of interrupter part 90 engages with the framework 62 of disconnecting mechanism part 60 with bolt part 91a.
In addition, disconnecting mechanism part 60 is mechanisms of disconnection action (beginning switch till the open position from the closing the position) usefulness of requirement speed-sensitive switch action, and interrupter part 90 is to begin the mechanism that uses to the switch motion of closing till the position from open position.
Here, disconnecting mechanism part 60 can be used the operating mechanism of the solenoid type that has for example put forward, have the permanent magnet 63 on the interior week that is fixed on framework 62, be fixed on movable core 64 and solenoid 65 on the movable axis 61, join the coil spring 66 on the movable axis to.
Interrupter part 90 rotating shaft 91 and with it the motor 93 of one be accommodated in the framework 92.
In addition, the bolt part 91a of rotating shaft 91 engages with the framework 62 of disconnecting mechanism part 60, and bonding length S shown in Figure 13 is become greater than (d 2-d 1).
In addition, although do not draw, framework 62 only is constituted as can carry out axial relatively moving for framework 92, can not rotate relatively.
Effect to the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment describes.
At first, the action to disconnecting mechanism part 60 describes.
In the position shown in Figure 13 A, employing makes the flange portion of movable core 64 and the way that the attraction between the permanent magnet 63 surpasses the compression stress of coil spring 66, keeps closing the position.
Now, under such state, when electric current flowed on positive direction, the attraction between the flange of permanent magnet 63 and movable core 64 reduced the external power source that comes when never drawing to solenoid 65, the bounce of coil spring 66 has surpassed attraction, drives movable axis 61 to the open position direction.
At the open position place of Figure 13 B, movable core 64 and permanent magnet 63 have been separated, and for this reason, attraction between the two is little, and the bounce of coil spring 66 has surpassed attraction and kept open position.
Disconnect action by above release.
Secondly, when stream is with reverse current in solenoid 65, the bounce that surpasses coil spring 66 by the electromagnetic force of solenoid 65 and permanent magnet 63 generations, collapse coil spring 66 limits, movable axis 61 limit drive closing on the locality, attraction by means of permanent magnet 63 keeps on the position shown in Figure 13 A, and ON Action finishes.
Secondly, tell about the action of interrupter part 90.
When driving rotating shaft 91 with motor 93 rotations, with the disconnecting mechanism framework 62 partly of bolted joints, movable energising axle 27 open positions from Figure 13 B of vacuum tube 20 begin to carry out electrode till the off position of Figure 13 C and draw back.
Secondly, when making motor 73 reverse rotations, movable energising axle 27 off positions from Figure 13 C of disconnecting mechanism part 60 and vacuum tube 20 move to the open position of Figure 13 B, finish the electrode closed action.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, can realize the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of the embodiment 1 that the front was said with simple formation.
In other words, adopt to do to become and use the mechanism that is suitable for speed-sensitive switch, make the as a whole operating mechanism that can obtain low price in the way of using the formation of the mechanism that is suitable for low speed switch as the action part of isolator at action part as circuit breaker.
In addition, adopt to make to become the way that the independently action of the mechanism's part 60,90 that makes 2 groups is made up, the maintenance that can obtain closing position, open position, off position is certain, and the high operating mechanism of reliability.
(variation of embodiment 12)
In addition, in the present embodiment, what illustrate is partly the connect situation of the formation that directly combines of vacuum tube, disconnecting mechanism part and interrupter, but the present invention is not limited to this, also can make to become such formation: will in series link, engage by lever or connecting rod between vacuum tube and the disconnecting mechanism part or between disconnecting mechanism part and the interrupter part.
(embodiment 13)
The operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, make at the said Figure 13 A in front in the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device shown in Figure 13 C, the bonding length S between the framework 62 of the bolt part 91a of interrupter part and disconnecting mechanism part becomes greater than (d 3-d 1).
In the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, disconnecting mechanism part 60, as explanation among the said embodiment 12 in front, carry out beginning disconnection and ON Action till the open position from closing the position, interrupter part 90, as explanation among the said embodiment 12 in front, carry out beginning to draw back action to the electrode that closes till the position from open position, but adopt the way that further makes motor 93 rotations, begin till earthing position, to drive the movable energising axle 27 of disconnecting mechanism part 60 and vacuum tube 20 from off position.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, can realize the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of the said embodiment 2 in front with simple formation.
In other words, adopt to do to become and use the mechanism that is suitable for speed-sensitive switch, make the as a whole operating mechanism that can obtain low price in the way of using the formation of the mechanism that is suitable for low speed switch as the action part of isolator at action part as circuit breaker.
In addition, adopt to make to become the way that the independently action of the mechanism's part 60,90 that makes 2 groups is made up, the maintenance that can obtain closing position, open position, off position is certain, and the high operating mechanism of reliability.
(embodiment 14)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 14 shows the configuration example of operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, figure 14 illustrates the formation when closing the position.
In Figure 14, operating mechanism 50 constitute mechanism's part 60,70,80 configured in series that make 3 groups.
From to the near side of vacuum tube 20, be decided to be disconnecting mechanism part 60, interrupter part 70 and earthing mechanism part 80 here.
In the present embodiment, disconnecting mechanism part 60, interrupter part 70 and earthing mechanism part 80 all are used in the solenoid type operating mechanism that Figure 13 A illustrated in Figure 13 C and constitute.
In other words, the movable axis 61 of disconnecting mechanism part 60, link by the movable energising axle 27 of insulating rod 36 with vacuum tube 20, the movable axis 71 of interrupter part 70 engages with the framework 62 of disconnecting mechanism part 60, and the movable axis 81 of earthing mechanism part 80 engages with the framework 72 of interrupter part 70.
In the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, by means of the electric current of the external power source that comes from not drawing, the solenoid type operating mechanism of disconnecting mechanism part 60 carries out beginning disconnection and ON Action till the open position from closing the position.
In addition, adopt the way of the solenoid type operating mechanism similarly drive interrupter part 70, movable energising of vacuum tube 20 spools 27 and disconnecting mechanism part 60 carry out beginning switch motion till the off position from open position.
In addition, adopt to drive the way of the solenoid type operating mechanism of earthing mechanism part 80, the movable energising of vacuum tube 20 spools 27, disconnecting mechanism part 60 and interrupter part 70 carry out beginning switch motion till the earthing position from off position.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, can realize the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of the said embodiment 2 in front with simple formation.
In addition, adopt to make to become the way that the independently action of the mechanism's part 60,70,80 that makes 3 groups is made up, the maintenance that can obtain closing position, open position, off position and earthing position is certain, and the high operating mechanism of reliability.
(variation of embodiment 14)
In addition, in the present embodiment, though what illustrate is in series to dispose the situation that 3 groups solenoid type operating mechanism constitutes operating mechanism, but, the present invention is not limited to this, also can make to become such formation: in as the action part of circuit breaker, use the solenoid type operating mechanism that is suitable for speed-sensitive switch, in as the action part of isolator and earthing device, use other the operating mechanism be suitable for low speed switch, in this case, as the operating mechanism that all can obtain low price.
(embodiment 15)
Figure 15 A shows the configuration example of operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment to the sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 15 C, show respectively in the formation of closing position, open position, off position place.
In addition, from Figure 15 A to Figure 15 C, to the embodiment identical element of saying with the front, give same numeral.
In Figure 15 A, operating mechanism 150 in series disposes apart from the near disconnecting mechanism part 160 of vacuum tube 20 with apart from vacuum tube 20 interrupter part 170 far away, and each mechanism's part constitutes with the bistable solenoid-operated mechanism of finalizing the design.
In other words, the movable axis 161a that assembling is made of the nonmagnetic material of stainless steel etc. on the movable core 161 of disconnecting mechanism part 160, movable axis 161a is free to slide twelve Earthly Branches and is held in the guide member 166a that is made of nonmagnetic material, and is assembled on the movable energising axle 27 by insulating rod 36.
In addition, around movable core 161, configuration solenoid 165a and 165b are at the outside of solenoid 165a and 165b configuration yoke 162.
Moreover, between solenoid 165a and 165b, permanent magnet 163 being assembled in the yoke 162, permanent magnet 163 magnetizes on inward-outward direction, makes that for example the inboard becomes the S utmost point outside becoming the N utmost point.
Have again,, also assembled guiding yoke 167 in the inboard of permanent magnet 163.
On the other hand, interrupter part 170 similarly constitutes with above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part 160, the movable axis 171a that is made of nonmagnetic material is assembled on the movable core 171, when movable axis 171a was fixed on the yoke 162 of disconnecting mechanism part 160, head portion guided the movable axis 161b of disconnecting mechanism part 160 with being free to slide.
In addition, around movable core 171, configuration solenoid 175a, 175b, the permanent magnet 173 that has magnetized on inward-outward direction are around solenoid 175a and 175b, assembling yoke 172, yoke 172 are fixed on the next pedestal that do not draw of operating mechanism 150.
In the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, closing on the position shown in Figure 15 A, no matter which solenoid all is unexcited state, the upper end of the movable core 161 of disconnecting mechanism part 160, be adsorbed to the upside of yoke 162 by means of the magnetic force of permanent magnet 163, on the direction shown in the arrow among Figure 15 A, form closed magnetic circuit.
Equally, in interrupter part 170, movable core 171 also is adsorbed on the yoke 172.
Secondly, under such state, when solenoid 165b and 175b are carried out excitation, make when on the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 15 B, producing magnetic flux, movable core 161 moves at high speed, and the bottom is adsorbed on the yoke 162, and movable electrode 26 arrives open position d 1
In this case, though the impact when movable core 161 and yoke 162 collide can be communicated to the movable axis 171b of interrupter part 170, but because the position confining force of the movable core 172 of interrupter part 170 is by the reinforcement of the excitation of solenoid 175a, so movable core 171 is positively kept.So, after drive electrode, if stop the excitation of solenoid, then with above-mentioned similarly can be by means of permanent magnet 163 effect holding position with permanent magnet 173.
In addition, want to carry out closed circuit action, make and on the direction shown in Figure 15 A, produce magnetic flux as long as simultaneously solenoid 165a and solenoid 175b are carried out excitation, then just can under the state that positively keeps interrupter part 170, carry out closed circuit action at high speed.
Moreover, for the action of opening circuit, as long as simultaneously the solenoid 165a of the solenoid 175b of interrupter part 170 and disconnecting mechanism part 160 being carried out excitation similarly makes produce magnetic flux on the direction shown in Figure 15 C, just can under the location status of the movable core 161 that positively keeps interrupter part 160, make the position of movable electrode 27 arrive off position d 2
Have again, for returning open-circuit position d from such state 1Action, also can be same positively carry out.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, owing to only just can realize open position with the reciprocating action of the high speed of a movable electrode and close action between the position, so the action of disconnection and connection is positively carried out.In addition, owing to constitute the solenoid-operated mechanism that in series disposes bistable typing, can positively keep with the attraction of permanent magnet so close position, open position, these 3 positions of off position.Have again, owing to strengthened the position confining force of the opposing party's movable core when becoming the movable core that drives a side, so even if act on impulsive force etc. is arranged, also holding position positively.Therefore, can realize succinct and the high vacuum switching device of reliability.
(variation of embodiment 15)
In addition, in the present embodiment, though explanation is solenoid to be carried out excitation make reinforcement not drive the situation of confining force of the movable core of a side, be not limited to this, under the situation that only just can fully keep, also can not carry out excitation with the attraction of permanent magnet.
In addition, though what illustrate is the situation that in series disposes movable electrode and disconnecting mechanism part 160 and interrupter part 170, but the present invention is not subject to this, even if configuration itself is not series connection, as long as the reception and registration of power is connected, even if work becomes by the lever that freely shakes or the formation of connecting rod,, also can obtain same action effect as what said.
In addition, can also make to become such formation: between the movable axis and movable electrode of disconnecting mechanism part 160, also be provided with and take place closed electrode (wipe) spring mechanism of wiping to the power of closing direction pushing.
Moreover, though what illustrate is to do to become permanent magnet is assembled to formation on the yoke, but the present invention is not subject to this, be assembled on the movable core good, so long as can be just passable with the solenoid-operated mechanism of the bistable typing of the attraction holding position of permanent magnet at the two ends of the actuating range of movable core.
(embodiment 16)
Sectional arrangement drawing from Figure 16 A to Figure 16 D shows the also configuration example of the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of embodiment, shows the formation of closing position, open position, off position and earthing position place respectively.
In Figure 16 A, constituting of operating mechanism 350: make interrupter part 370 configured in series that interrupter part 360 that the solenoid-operated mechanism by the bistable typing that had illustrated in Figure 15 C at Figure 15 A constitutes and the electromagnetic actuators that can keep 3 positions constitute.
In other words, the movable core 361 of disconnecting mechanism part 360 is assembled on the movable energising axle 27 by insulating rod 36, and around solenoid 361, assembling solenoid 365a and 365b are at the fitted around yoke 362 of solenoid 365a and 365b.
In addition, similarly assemble permanent magnet 363 in the inboard of yoke 362 with the state that illustrates in Figure 15 C at Figure 15 A.
Have again, on the movable core 371 of the interrupter part 370 of the yoke 362 that links disconnecting mechanism part 360, be formed with protuberance 371a, 371b, 371c, 371d, be equipped with solenoid 375a, 375b in its outside, around solenoid 375a, 375b, be equipped with yoke 372.
On the other hand, inboard at yoke 372, respectively movable core 371 with raised part 371a, 371b, 371c, 371d position in opposite directions on assembling permanent magnet 363a, 363b, 363c, 363d, permanent magnet 373a and 373b are magnetized to and make the inboard become the S utmost point outside becoming the N utmost point, and permanent magnet 373c and 373d are magnetized to and make the inboard become the N utmost point outside becoming the S utmost point.
In addition, yoke 372 is fixed on the next pedestal that do not draw of operating mechanism 350.
In the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, in the position of closing shown in Figure 16 A, movable core 361 and movable core 371 respectively by the magnetic attraction of permanent magnet 363 and permanent magnet 373a, 373b on yoke 362 and yoke 372.
Secondly, if under such state, when the solenoid 365b to movable core 361 carries out the feasible magnetic flux that produces with the direction shown in the arrow of Figure 16 B of excitation, solenoid 375a to interrupter part 370 carries out excitation, then only movable core 361 with at a high speed in figure downside move when opening a way action, certain open circuit action is realized in the position that is positively kept movable core 371.
In addition, if under such state, the solenoid 375a to interrupter part 370 carry out excitation make on the direction opposite with the arrow shown in Figure 16 B produce magnetic flux in, solenoid b is carried out the feasible position confining force of strengthening the movable core 361 of disconnecting mechanism part 360 of excitation, the following side shifting of movable core 371 in figure then, arrive the state of Figure 16 C, realize opening circuit action.
Under the state of Figure 16 C, protuberance 371a, the 371b of permanent magnet 373a, 373b, 373c, 373d and movable core, 371c, 371d form opposite to each other with the closed magnetic circuit shown in the arrow of Figure 16 C, stably holding position.
Moreover, if under such state, solenoid 375a, 375b to interrupter part 370 carry out excitation make respectively with shown in Figure 16 D direction on produce magnetic flux in, solenoid 375b is carried out the position confining force of the movable core 361 of feasible solenoid 375b of reinforcement of excitation and disconnecting mechanism part 360, then movable core 371 is understood the further following side shifting in figure, arrive the state of Figure 16 D, be grounded action.
Under the state of Figure 16 D, to yoke 372, the position can stably keep movable core 371 by the magnetic attraction of permanent magnet 373c, 373d.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, only just can positively carry out open position and close action between the position with the reciprocating action of the high speed of a movable electrode.In addition, stably keep the electromagnetic actuators of 3 positions in series to dispose,, can positively keep with the attraction of permanent magnet so close these 4 positions of position, open position, off position and earthing position owing to constitute to make.In addition, owing to strengthened the position confining force of the opposing party's movable core when driving a side movable core, so even if act on impulsive force etc. is arranged, also holding position positively.Therefore, can realize having the vacuum switching device succinct and operating mechanism that reliability is high.
(variation of embodiment 16)
Though the main in the present embodiment situation that drives movable core that is noted that, the present invention is not subject to this, the transducer of the position of detecting movable core also can be set, with further raising reliability.
(embodiment 17)
The sectional arrangement drawing of Figure 17 shows the configuration example of operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, and Figure 17 shows and closing the formation of position.
In Figure 17, operating mechanism 250 is from the near side of distance vacuum tube 20, be made of disconnecting mechanism part 260, interrupter part 270, earthing mechanism part 280, each mechanism part is made of the bistable that illustrates in Figure 15 C at Figure 15 A solenoid-operated mechanism of finalizing the design.
In other words, the movable core 261 of disconnecting mechanism part 260 is attached on the movable energising axle 27 by insulating rod 36, the movable core 271 of interrupter part 270 is attached on the yoke 262 of disconnecting mechanism part 260, and the movable core 281 of earthing mechanism part 280 is attached on the yoke 272 of interrupter part 270.
On above-mentioned 3 mechanisms part, be respectively fitted with solenoid 265a, 265b, 275a, 275b, 285a, 285b and permanent magnet 263,273,283.
In addition, the yoke 282 of earthing mechanism part 280 is fixed on the next pedestal that do not draw of operating mechanism 250.
In the operating mechanism of the vacuum switching device of present embodiment, its effect with almost be the same with Figure 15 A to the effect that Figure 15 C illustrates.
In other words, close switch motion between position and open position by means of the action of disconnecting mechanism part 260, carry out switch motion between open position and off position by means of the action of interrupter part 270, carry out switch motion between off position and earthing position by means of the action of earthing mechanism part 280.
In addition, when driving the movable core of 1 mechanism's part, each solenoid is carried out excitation, make other the confining force of position of 2 movable cores strengthen.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment,,, can positively keep with the attraction of permanent magnet so close these 4 positions of position, open position, off position and earthing position owing to constitute 3 solenoid-operated mechanisms that in series dispose the bistable typing.In addition, owing to strengthened the position confining force of other movable core when driving a movable core, so even if act on impulsive force etc. is arranged, also holding position positively.Therefore, can realize having the vacuum switching device succinct and operating mechanism that reliability is high.

Claims (30)

1. vacuum switching device comprises:
Enclosed the vacuum tube (20) at two ends of the insulating vessel (21) of dielectric with the 1st and the 2nd hardware (22,23) gas-tight seal, above-mentioned vacuum tube (20) has: connect above-mentioned the 1st hardware (22) and be fixed on fixed electrode (24) on above-mentioned the 1st hardware (22); Be fixed to movable electrode (26) on above-mentioned the 2nd hardware (23) by means of bellows (29) when connecting above-mentioned the 2nd hardware (23), this movable electrode (26) is oppositely arranged with said fixing electrode (24), and
The operating mechanism (60,160,90,170) that above-mentioned movable electrode (26) is moved to linearity on these 3 positions of closing, open, open circuit,
Wherein, be d in the gap length of establishing between the contact of above-mentioned open position 1, above-mentioned off position contact between gap length be decided to be d 2Situation under, by relational expression d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Set each gap length d 1, d 2
2. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also possessing:
The arc shield (32) that said fixing electrode (24) and above-mentioned movable electrode (26) are surrounded,
Gap length separately between above-mentioned arc shield (32) and said fixing electrode (24) and movable electrode (26) is being decided to be d 3, the gap length between the contact of above-mentioned off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, set above-mentioned each gap length d 2, d 3Relation, make it to be d 3=(0.35～0.8) d 2
3. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that also possessing:
Be located at the inside of above-mentioned arc shield (32), the 3rd shielding (34) of surrounding the 2nd shielding (33) of said fixing electrode (24) and surrounding above-mentioned movable electrode (26),
Above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34) support are fixed on the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd hardware (22,23).
4. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) support is fixed on the energising axle (25) that is connected on the said fixing electrode (24).
5. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) support is fixed on the said fixing electrode (24).
6. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the gap length between above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34) is being decided to be d 4, the gap length between the above-mentioned contact of above-mentioned off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, set above-mentioned each gap length d 2, d 4Relation, make it to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2
7. as any one the described vacuum switching device in the claim 3～6, it is characterized in that: the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and the 3rd shielding (34) is a stainless steel.
8. as any one the described vacuum switching device in the claim 3～6, it is characterized in that: the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and the 3rd shielding (34) is a tungsten.
9. as any one the described vacuum switching device in the claim 3～6, it is characterized in that: the combined electrolysis milled processed is carried out on the surface to above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34).
10. as any one the described vacuum switching device in the claim 3～6, it is characterized in that: the upgrading layer that setting is formed by the irradiation of electron beam on the surface of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34).
11., it is characterized in that as each described vacuum switching device in the claim 1～6:
Aforesaid operations mechanism has in series configuration and disconnecting mechanism part (60,160) of moving to linearity between the two positions respectively and interrupter part (90,170),
The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,160) is connected on the above-mentioned movable electrode (26), carries out above-mentioned gap length d 1Switch motion;
The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,160) is connected on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part (90), and above-mentioned interrupter part (90,170) is carried out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till switch motion.
12. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (160) and above-mentioned interrupter part (170) respectively apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet solenoid mechanism or also possess the solenoid mechanism formation of spring as required,
The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (160) is the movable core of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (160) is the yoke of the 1st solenoid mechanism, the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part (170) is the movable core of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, the framework of above-mentioned interrupter part (170) is the yoke of the 2nd solenoid mechanism
Above-mentioned each movable core, all by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring.
13. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
Make under the situation that movable core moves in the solenoid of the solenoid of above-mentioned solenoid mechanism or above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators any being carried out excitation, solenoid to other carries out excitation, strengthens other the not confining force of the position of mobile movable core.
14. a vacuum switching device comprises:
Enclosed the vacuum tube (20) at two ends of the insulating vessel (21) of dielectric with the 1st and the 2nd hardware (22,23) gas-tight seal, above-mentioned vacuum tube (20) has: connect above-mentioned the 1st hardware (22) and be fixed on fixed electrode (24) on above-mentioned the 1st hardware (22); The movable electrode (26) that when connecting above-mentioned the 2nd hardware (23), is fixed to by means of bellows (29) that above-mentioned the 2nd hardware (23) is gone up and is oppositely arranged with said fixing electrode (24); Be located at above-mentioned movable electrode (26) and grounding electrode (35) the opposite side of fixed electrode (24), and
Make above-mentioned movable electrode (26) close, open, open circuit and these 4 positions of ground connection on linearity the operating mechanism (60,70,80,90,260,270,280,360,370) that moves,
Wherein, be d in the gap length of establishing between the contact of above-mentioned open position 1, above-mentioned off position contact between gap length be decided to be d 2Situation under, by relational expression d 2=(1.3～2.6) d 1Set each gap length d 1, d 2
15. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that also possessing:
The arc shield (32) that said fixing electrode (24) and above-mentioned movable electrode (26) are surrounded,
Gap length separately between above-mentioned arc shield (32) and said fixing electrode (24) and movable electrode (26) is being decided to be d 3, the gap length between the contact of above-mentioned off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, set above-mentioned each gap length d 2, d 3Relation, make it to be d 3=(0.35～0.8) d 2
16. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that also possessing:
Be located at the inside of above-mentioned arc shield (32), the 3rd shielding (34) of surrounding the 2nd shielding (33) of said fixing electrode (24) and surrounding above-mentioned movable electrode (26),
Above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34) support are fixed on the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd hardware (22,23).
17. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) support is fixed on the energising axle (25) that is connected on the said fixing electrode (24).
18. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) support is fixed on the said fixing electrode (24).
19. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: the gap length between above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34) is being decided to be d 4, the gap length between the above-mentioned contact of above-mentioned off position is decided to be d 2Situation under, set above-mentioned each gap length d 2, d 4Relation, make it to be d 4=(0.6～0.95) d 2
20. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 15～18 is characterized in that: the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and the 3rd shielding (34) is a stainless steel.
21. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 15～18 is characterized in that: the material of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and the 3rd shielding (34) is a tungsten.
22. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 15～18 is characterized in that: the combined electrolysis milled processed is carried out on the surface to above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34).
23. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 15～18 is characterized in that: the upgrading layer that setting is formed by the irradiation of electron beam on the surface of above-mentioned the 2nd shielding (33) and above-mentioned the 3rd shielding (34).
24. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: be fixed on the above-mentioned movable electrode (26) the energising axle and with it the gap length between in opposite directions the grounding electrode (35) be decided to be d 5, the gap length between the contact of above-mentioned open position is decided to be d 1Situation under, above-mentioned each gap length d 1, d 5Relation be set at d 5=(1.3～1.8) d 1
25. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 14～18,24 is characterized in that:
Aforesaid operations mechanism has in series the configuration and the disconnecting mechanism part (60,360) of linearity ground action and in the interrupter part (90,370) that is comprising linearity ground action between 3 positions of intermediate point between the two positions respectively,
The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,360) is connected on the above-mentioned movable electrode (26), carries out above-mentioned gap length d 1Switch motion;
The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,360) is connected on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part (90,370), and above-mentioned interrupter part (90,370) is carried out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till and from above-mentioned gap length d 2Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 3Till the switch motion in 2 stages.
26. any one the described vacuum switching device as in the claim 14～18,24 is characterized in that:
Aforesaid operations mechanism has in series configuration and the disconnecting mechanism part (60,260) of moving to linearity between the two positions respectively, interrupter part (70,270) and earthing mechanism part (80,280),
The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,260) is attached on the above-mentioned movable electrode (26), carries out above-mentioned gap length d 1Switch motion,
The framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (60,260) is connected on the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part (70,270), and above-mentioned interrupter part (70,270) is carried out from above-mentioned gap length d 1Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 2Till switch motion,
The framework of above-mentioned interrupter part (70,270) is connected on the moving part of above-mentioned earthing mechanism part (80,280), and above-mentioned earthing mechanism part (80,280) is carried out from above-mentioned gap length d 2Begin to above-mentioned gap length d 3Till switch motion.
27. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that:
The solenoid mechanism of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (360) apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet or the solenoid mechanism that also possesses spring as required constitute,
The moving part of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (360) is the movable core of above-mentioned solenoid mechanism, and the framework of above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (360) is above-mentioned yoke,
Above-mentioned movable core is by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring
Above-mentioned interrupter part (370) be possess solenoid, formed protuberance yoke, relatively formed the movable core of protuberance and the electromagnetic actuators of permanent magnet with the protuberance of above-mentioned yoke, the moving part of above-mentioned interrupter part (370) is the movable core of above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators
The framework of above-mentioned interrupter part (370) is the yoke of above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators,
Above-mentioned movable core carries out reciprocating action in the attraction by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet, simultaneously, when the holding position was come by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet in the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core, the protuberance that makes the protuberance of above-mentioned yoke and above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet at the place, centre position of above-mentioned actuating range is the holding position relatively.
28. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part (260), above-mentioned interrupter part (270) and earthing mechanism part (280) be the solenoid mechanism of apparatus power backup magnetic coil, yoke, movable core and permanent magnet respectively, the solenoid mechanism that perhaps also possesses spring as required constitutes
Above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part, (260) moving part is the movable core of the 1st solenoid mechanism, above-mentioned disconnecting mechanism part, (260) framework is the yoke of the 1st solenoid mechanism, above-mentioned interrupter part, (270) moving part is the movable core of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, above-mentioned interrupter part, (270) framework is the yoke of the 2nd solenoid mechanism, the moving part of above-mentioned earthing mechanism is the movable core of the 3rd solenoid mechanism, above-mentioned earthing mechanism part, (280) framework is the yoke of the 3rd solenoid mechanism
Above-mentioned each movable core, all by means of above-mentioned solenoid and permanent magnet magnetic force, perhaps also carry out reciprocating action as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring, simultaneously, at the two ends of the actuating range of above-mentioned movable core by means of the attraction of above-mentioned permanent magnet or also come the holding position as required by means of the recuperability of above-mentioned spring.
29. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that:
Make under the situation that movable core moves in the solenoid of the solenoid of above-mentioned solenoid mechanism or above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators any being carried out excitation, solenoid to other carries out excitation, strengthens other the not confining force of the position of mobile movable core.
30. vacuum switching device as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that:
Make under the situation that movable core moves in the solenoid of the solenoid of above-mentioned solenoid mechanism or above-mentioned electromagnetic actuators any being carried out excitation, solenoid to other carries out excitation, strengthens other the not confining force of the position of mobile movable core.
CNB991243862A 1998-11-27 1999-11-26 Vacuum switch device Expired - Fee Related CN1214422C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP337107/1998 1998-11-27
JP33710798A JP3664899B2 (en) 1998-11-27 1998-11-27 Vacuum switchgear

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CN1256503A CN1256503A (en) 2000-06-14
CN1214422C true CN1214422C (en) 2005-08-10

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JP (1) JP3664899B2 (en)
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EP1005058A2 (en) 2000-05-31
EP1005058A3 (en) 2001-07-11
CN1256503A (en) 2000-06-14
DE69931583D1 (en) 2006-07-06
DE69931583T2 (en) 2007-04-26
EP1005058B1 (en) 2006-05-31
JP3664899B2 (en) 2005-06-29
JP2000164084A (en) 2000-06-16

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