CN1183653A - Air-cooled metal-air battery - Google Patents
Air-cooled metal-air battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN1183653A CN1183653A CN96123446A CN96123446A CN1183653A CN 1183653 A CN1183653 A CN 1183653A CN 96123446 A CN96123446 A CN 96123446A CN 96123446 A CN96123446 A CN 96123446A CN 1183653 A CN1183653 A CN 1183653A
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical zinc-air multi-cell battery, each cell being of the type provided with a housing having a base, two major surfaces and two minor surfaces, at least one air permeable but liquid impermeable air electrode, each of the at least one air electrode being installed in a window opening; an electrolyte in contact with the zinc electrode and the air electrode; and means for directing a flow of reaction air from a scrubber across the outer faces of two adjacently interfacing air electrodes; the battery further having cooling-air; flow-directing means comprising a pair of spaced-apart thin plates positioned between adjacent cells and means being provided for forcing cooling-air to flow between the pair of thin plates.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-air battery of cooling.
Particularly, the invention provides a kind of reliable air-cooling apparatus, be applicable to from mechanically chargeable electricity zinc-air battery and extract a large amount of heats as vehicular propulsion.
All batteries produce heat during operation, and a reason is that chemical reaction takes place in the battery, and second reason is the mobile Ohmic resistance that runs into battery self of electric current.In most of batteries, these heats mainly scatter and disappear naturally by convection current.Yet, be used for providing the battery of power can be designed to big power can be provided from the compact battery big envelope to motor vehicle, if do not take additional cooling provision, may present high temperature rise.More serious problem is, vehicle need be designed to and can work under up to 45-50 ℃ ambient temperature, in this case, and the level that the heat of generation may make battery temperature be elevated to cause battery to destroy.
When the hot operation temperature may not impair battery performance, also existing some to think had the reason of certain cooling device in this class battery.The first, in the natural cooling battery, internal element can be worked under than the higher temperature in the unit around the battery, thereby causes the operational differences between battery.The second, when needs, often can utilize the passenger unit that heats vehicle from the heat of battery extraction.Three, must prevent because the too early destruction of the solid-state and liquid material in the battery that heat causes.
The cooling system of battery is at United States Patent (USP) 754,969; 3,767,468; 4,007,315; 4,463,064; Describe in 4,578,324 and 5,212,024.Disclose in these specifications to make and in battery, followed the various systems that remove its heat as the refrigerating gas of air or as the liquid of water.
Electrolytical cooling system is at United States Patent (USP) 3,290, describes in 176 and 5,093,213.Though these systems have certain advantage, especially realizing that electrolyte mixes aspect the removal concentration difference, these systems need aspirator, and more complicated and heavy than the system that uses air cooling.Astoundingly, the electrolyte cooling system for example is applicable to and only extracts about 40 watts heat in the primary cell in the battery that is used in vehicular propulsion from each primary cell of the about 24cm * 24cm of size.
Be designed so that the system that cooling air flow passes across metal current collector frame roof only keeps about 20 watts exchange capacity to above-mentioned primary cell size, only be in actual vehicle power set battery desired volume about 25%.Flow velocity by the reaction air that uses big air blast to increase to contact with air electrode can be enough to remove any unnecessary heat.This device is suitable for short-term to be used very much, and for example as in the battery of torpedo power, it is useful life of clock in a measure only.Yet,, will finally cause the electrolyte of air electrode to become dry the energy loss that this will cause battery to be difficult to accept if greatly needed above reaction oxygen is provided by the air velocity of air electrode.
Because contain the carbon dioxide of volume about 0.0314% in the air, and known this gas impairs the efficiency operation of metal-air battery, and this brings further obstacle for the reaction air stream that fully increases as coolant.Therefore, the inventor proposes a kind of cleaning device of form, and it is fit to use with battery, as U. S. application No.08/210, describes in 333.Remove CO
2Cleaning device generally include and use CO
2Absorbing material, the crystalline alkali metal hydroxide that for example on porous absorber, absorbs or the alkali metal hydroxide of hydration.No matter use which kind of absorber material, thoroughly using the back absorbent to exhaust by chemistry, need replacement or chemistry to replenish.By using cleaner to come to handle a large amount of air that contain sufficient oxygen as cell reaction, just can avoiding prematurely, absorbent exhausts.Yet, found that battery operated required air capacity is not enough to realize the two-forty cooling.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of zinc-air battery that high heat extracts capacity system that has, can from each unit of the battery size being used in road vehicle power set battery, remove the heat of 50 watts of minimum values.
And another object of the present invention is by use forcing air cooling system to remove heat from the air adjacent to the first type surface of battery unit.
The present invention seeks to realize like this: one electrochemical zinc-air multi-unit battery is provided, and there is a shell each unit, and shell has a base, two main surface and two less important surfaces, defines the inner space that comprises zinc electrode therein; The roughly dull and stereotyped air electrode of at least one air permeable and liquid non-permeate, each of at least one air electrode is installed on the window at least one main surface; With zinc electrode and the contacted electrolyte of air electrode; Make reaction air stream from cleaner pass the device of outside of the air electrode of two adjacent interfaces; Battery also has air cooling, flow to guiding device, it comprises a pair of thin plate that separates that is arranged between the adjacent cells, and each thin plate has similar size to first type surface, and having a device that cold air is flowed between a pair of thin plate, the outside of thin plate is arranged to and is reacted air and contact and cool off and react air.
In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of aforesaid zinc-air battery is provided, wherein said thin plate is made of plastics.
In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of zinc-air battery is provided, the flow velocity of wherein said cooling air surpasses the twice at least of described reaction air velocity.
In preference of the present invention, above-mentioned zinc electrode is made up of the conductive frame parts of substantitally planar, the framework original paper is surrounded by active metal component, the porous zinc particle that comprises the fixed bed that forms slurry, this fixed bed electrolyte-impregnated, the above-mentioned inner space of above-mentioned shell links with the opening with respect to above-mentioned base, by the detachable above-mentioned zinc electrode of above-mentioned base, can replace with the new electrode machinery that replenishes.
Very clear now, battery of the present invention has and is used for two independent air streams, heat is passed to the device of cold air from the reaction air, yet two air streams are produced by single air blast.Provide the reaction air actuation battery of capacity, and more substantial cold air is used for extracting heat not from the reaction air.
Finished relevant battery testing with unit of 24cm * 24cm, discovery can be extracted 80 watts of heats from every unit.This result is enough to small-sized, the high-power battery of satisfactory operation necessary economical operation in vehicular propulsion.
Notice to it has been generally acknowledged that plastics are not suitable as the selection material in heat exchange applications, because metal has than the about high 1000 times thermal conductivity of general solid plastic.Yet this viewpoint is according to actual simple viewpoint of dispersing heat when by wall conduction heat.The hot surface of wall and cold surface cover the skim respective media, and air contacts with wall in the present patent application.The convection coefficient value depends on many factors, wherein the coefficient of heat conduction, viscosity, density and specific heat.Accurate calculation of complex, but usually, remove non-air stream and be turbulent flow and heat exchange wall thickness, the heat flow of anti-every single rete are generally than the big manyfold of opposing of the immobilization material that constitutes wall.Certainly, two such air retes are arranged, and the still air thin layer heat conductivity that closely contacts with wall is poor.
This consideration has special effect in the present invention, and used wall thickness is very little, about 1mm, because the restriction of blower power consumption, expectation air stream becomes stratiform.Final result is, when considering total thermal endurance, not only considers the thermal conductivity of wall material, and in this application, the wall that solid plastic constitutes is only to a certain degree inferior to metal.
Plastics have several compensatory absorptive performances that have, and can be used as cold air flow guiding device of the present invention, the chemical corrosion of general alkaline medium in for example in light weight, low cost of manufacture and the good anti-described type cell.For example, the copper of stack pile is compared with polypropylene, plastics have light 9.9 times weight advantage.This advantage is very important at the battery that is used for vehicular propulsion, and wherein low weight is a key request for obtaining acceptable vehicle performance.
With reference now to accompanying drawing,, be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, will be more fully understand the present invention.
With reference to concrete details drawing, focus on use-case subrepresentation details, and purpose is only in signal discussion the preferred embodiments of the present invention with in order to provide the most useful and description the most intelligible notion of the present invention and principle.Like this, do not attempt CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of the present invention is shown, understand the necessary part of the present invention and just be depicted as, the description by accompanying drawing makes those skilled in the art understand several form of the present invention of how implementing in practice.
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram according to the most preferred embodiment of cooled battery of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram of a primary cell;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a pair of battery that separated by air-cooling apparatus;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition elevation of an embodiment, and wherein an extension gas channel is arranged between a pair of thin plate;
Fig. 5 is the decomposition diagram of an embodiment, and a plurality of parallel airflow passages are arranged between a pair of thin plate; And
Fig. 6 has reception from the air flows schematic diagram in the battery of the airflow diversion pipe of the air-flow of air blast.
Fig. 1 is the electrochemical zinc-air multi-unit battery 10 that is used for repeatedly the charge and discharge cycles type.The more detailed cold airflow guiding device 12 of having represented is from manifold 14 admission of airs in Fig. 3, and manifold 14 is along the length direction setting of battery 10, and manifold outlet 16 is connected to air inlet 18.
Cold air 20 leaves battery case 22 by exporting 24.For simplicity, in the present embodiment manifold 14 along the top edge setting of battery unit 26.According to space situation and easy to use, manifold 14 can be arranged to the 26 layout sides introducing cold airs 20 from the unit.
Referring now to Fig. 2, one of detail knowledge battery unit 26 more, battery unit 26 is provided with cell enclosure 28, and cell enclosure 28 has 30, two first type surfaces 32 and two minor surface 34 at the bottom of the unit, and they define an inner space 36.Comprise the porous zinc mosaic electrode 38 that can replace again within it, it plays anodize, is flooded by electrolyte 40.Inner space 36 is communicated in and bottom surface 30 opening opposing 42.
In an illustrated embodiment, two air penetrations are arranged in each unit but liquid does not see through the air electrode 44 of general plane, play cathodic process.Each air electrode 44 is fixed in the grid window 46, and grid window 46 is arranged on first type surface 32.The electrolyte 40 that remains in the inner space contacts with two air electrodes 44 with zinc electrode 38.Battery output is by 45 transmission of pair of terminal clip.
Fig. 3 represents manifold device 46, is used to guide the outside of passing through the air electrode 44 of two adjacent interfaces from the reaction air stream 48 of cleaner 50.
Cold air flow guiding device 12 roughly comprises a pair of isolated thin plate 52, and thin plate 52 is arranged between the adjacent cells 26.Each thin plate 52 has similar size to unit first type surface 32.As shown in the figure, a pair of isolated thin plate 52 is preferably formed as a single unit system 54, and single unit system 54 forms the cored slab with a plurality of air ducts 56.
Thin plate 52 is fit to be made of copper, and provides anticorrosion by nickel plating, silver or iridium.
By with as polyacrylic plastics can realize low weight and low manufacturing cost.Because used walled thickness-1mm or littler-bulk flow that is made of plastics will provide an acceptable performance level to device 54, as explained earlier.
Device as air blast 58 is used to force cold air 20 to flow between a pair of thin plate 52.The outside of thin plate 52 is arranged to contact with reacting air 48, and cooling reaction air.
In an illustrated embodiment, air blast 58 is driven by electricity.Yet, on vehicle, often there is the rotating shaft (not shown), this rotating shaft brings by one or more and is used to drive various auxiliary component of vehicle.This kind axle or band are actually existing, and air blast 58 can drive thus.
The flow velocity of cold air 20 preferably surpasses the twice at least of the flow velocity of reaction air 48.Air blast 58 has the wheel member 60 of two different sizes and 62, two all to be driven by same motor 64, and air stream can be provided easily.
With reference to figure 6, the supply of cold air will be related to further.
Fig. 4 represents the details of cold air guiding device 54, and wherein the snake shape gas channel 66 of Yan Changing is used at 68 guiding of a pair of thin plate cold air 20.Cold air inlet 70 is arranged on an end 72 of passage 66, is arranged on its opposing ends and export 74.The gas channel 66 that prolongs allows the heat exchange of more times, thereby has reduced shown in Figure 3 than the whole temperature differences between thermal response air 48 and the cold air 20.
Fig. 5 has described another embodiment of thin coldplate 78.A plurality of parallel airflow passages 80 are arranged between a pair of thin coldplate 78, and cold air inlet (not shown) is provided with along an edge 82 of plate 78, and the air outlet slit (not shown) is along relative edge's 84 settings of plate 78.The device pressure drop still less that present embodiment provides air flows faster and described than Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the airflow apparatus of zinc-air battery 10, further is provided with air diverter 86.
The air-flow 88 that shunt 86 receives from air blast 90, air blast 90 is provided with only impeller.The a part of air-flow of shunt 90 guiding generally is that sub-fraction arrives CO
2Cleaner 50 arrives air electrode then, as reaction air 48.Shunt 86 guiding residual gas stream 20 are to the guiding device of cold airflow 12.
The whole air that offered battery case 22 by air blast 90 are got rid of by exporting 24.If necessary, from exporting 24,, be discharged to atmosphere 94 if do not need directly to Vehicular occupant modular heater 92.
If desired, air blast 90 has another outlet stool 96, is used for the ventilation of passenger unit 98.
For a person skilled in the art, the present invention obviously is not limited to the details of previous embodiment, the present invention can implement by other concrete form, and do not break away from characteristic of the present invention, therefore wish that the various aspects of considering present embodiment illustrate, but be not restrictive, with reference to accessory claim, but not the description of front, the various variations of equality unit in the claims and scope all are contained in wherein.
Claims (11)
1 one kinds of electrochemical zinc-air multi-unit batteries, each unit is provided with:
A shell, this shell have a bottom surface, two first type surfaces and two subsurfaces, define an inner space that comprises zinc electrode therein;
At least one air penetration but the air electrode of the impervious general plane shape of liquid, each of described at least one air electrode is fixed in the window, and window is arranged at least one described first type surface;
The electrolyte that contacts with described air electrode with described zinc electrode; And
Be used to guide the device of crossing the air electrode outer surface of two adjacent interfaces from the reaction circulation of air of cleaner; Described battery also has: cold air; By the airflow guidance device that a pair of thin plate that separates that is arranged between the adjacent cells constitutes, each thin plate has similar size to first type surface; And being provided with the device that cold air is flowed between described a pair of thin plate, the outside of described thin plate is arranged to and is reacted air and contact and cool off described reaction air.
2 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described a pair of thin plate that separates is into a single unit system of cored slab.
3 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described thin plate is made of plastics.
4 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described thin plate is made of copper.
5 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described copper coin is coated with the metal of selecting from nickel, silver and iridium.
6 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with the gas channel of an extending length between described a pair of thin plate, the cold air inlet is arranged on an end of described passage, and outlet is arranged on its opposing ends.
7 zinc one air cells as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with a plurality of parallel gas flow passages between described a pair of thin plate, cool air inlet is along a side setting of described thin plate, and air outlet slit is along the couple positioned opposite of described thin plate.
8 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described cold air flow guiding device comprises the manifold that is provided with along described battery length direction, and the manifold outlet is connected to described air intake.
The flow velocity that 9 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1, the flow velocity that it is characterized in that described cold air surpass described reaction air is twice at least.
10 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1, also further be provided with stream splitter, it receives the air-flow from air blast, and a part of air-flow is introduced described minus plate, as the reaction air, and remaining air-flow is directed to described cold airflow guiding device.
11 zinc-air batteries as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described zinc electrode is to be made of the conductive frame member that roughly becomes the plane that the reactive metal composition surrounds, comprise by electrolyte-impregnated, form the porous zinc particle of fixed bed of slurry, and the described inner space of described shell links to each other with the opening with respect to described bottom surface, by the detachable described zinc electrode of this opening, can carry out machinery with the new metal electrode that replenishes and replace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96123446A CN1183653A (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1996-11-26 | Air-cooled metal-air battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/451,012 US5753384A (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1995-05-25 | Air-cooled metal-air battery |
| CN96123446A CN1183653A (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1996-11-26 | Air-cooled metal-air battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1183653A true CN1183653A (en) | 1998-06-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96123446A Pending CN1183653A (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1996-11-26 | Air-cooled metal-air battery |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1183653A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102246338B (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2014-06-11 | 迪亚能源股份有限公司 | Thermal control of a flow cell battery |
| CN112086586A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2020-12-15 | *** | Device for maintaining performance of storage battery |
-
1996
- 1996-11-26 CN CN96123446A patent/CN1183653A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112086586A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2020-12-15 | *** | Device for maintaining performance of storage battery |
| CN112086589A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2020-12-15 | *** | Device for maintaining performance of storage battery |
| CN102246338B (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2014-06-11 | 迪亚能源股份有限公司 | Thermal control of a flow cell battery |
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