CN1183140A - 燃烧器的弹簧密封装置 - Google Patents

燃烧器的弹簧密封装置 Download PDF

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CN1183140A
CN1183140A CN97190018A CN97190018A CN1183140A CN 1183140 A CN1183140 A CN 1183140A CN 97190018 A CN97190018 A CN 97190018A CN 97190018 A CN97190018 A CN 97190018A CN 1183140 A CN1183140 A CN 1183140A
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spring
spring sealed
burner
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CN1099003C (zh
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小野正树
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/023—Transition ducts between combustor cans and first stage of the turbine in gas-turbine engines; their cooling or sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0887—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing the sealing effect being obtained by elastic deformation of the packing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
    • F05D2230/642—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供的燃烧器弹簧密封装置,能防止因长年使用变形而泄漏空气。弹簧密封(3、4)连接燃烧器的内筒(1)和尾筒(2),将弹簧密封(3、4)的上流侧端部固定在内筒(1)的外周,弹簧密封(3、4)的下流侧端部,夹在尾筒(2)的内壁与安装在其上的弹簧密封导引件(5)之间。随着燃气轮机的起动、停止产生的内筒(1)与尾筒(2)之间的热伸展,被弹簧密封在弹簧密封导引件(5)中的滑动所吸收。

Description

燃烧器的弹簧密封装置
[技术领域]
本发明涉及在燃气轮机等的燃烧器内，连接内筒与尾筒的弹簧密封装置。
[背景技术]
图7表示燃气轮机的燃烧器。来自压缩机的空气，在设在机室6的内筒1、尾筒2内使燃料燃烧，产生高温的燃气，该燃气供给到气轮机，将气轮机驱动。
图8表示燃烧器部的放大图。如图8所示，为了吸收热伸展，燃烧器主要由内筒1和尾筒2构成。弹簧密封3、4设在内筒1与尾筒2之间，用于防止空气从该处泄漏。为了在产生热伸展时也能防止空气从内筒1与尾筒2之间泄漏(在构造上也具有增加阻尼的作用)，该弹簧密封做成为板簧的一种型式。
图9～图11放大地表示现有的弹簧密封部。
弹簧密封做成外侧密封板3和内侧密封板4的二层构造。密封板端的构造如图10所示，内侧密封板4重叠在外侧密封板3的间隙部位，可由内侧密封板4防止外侧密封板3的间隙处的泄漏。止挡件9限制热伸展时产生的密封板的变形。
燃气轮机的燃烧器在停止时是常温，在运转时温度高达1000℃，其温度差相当大，所以在轴向及径向会产生大的热伸展。燃气轮机的反复几十次起动、停止后，在检查时发现，具有规定尺寸的弹簧密封弹力减弱，不能恢复到原来状态，在尾筒2与弹簧密封3、4之间产生间隙。
如果机室6内的空气从该间隙泄漏到燃烧器内，则燃烧器内的燃空比(燃料与空气的比例)发生变化，燃烧状态亦发生变化，给NOx及燃烧振动带来不利影响。
另外，流过该间隙的流体，由一种间隙流引起自励振动，使弹簧密封剧烈振动，会使弹簧密封破损。万一该弹簧密封的碎片进入了燃烧器内，可能会损坏叶片，成为相当严重的问题。本发明的目的在于提供一种燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，它的构成为，弹簧密封连接在燃烧器的内筒与尾筒之间，不会因长年使用变形而泄漏空气。
[发明的公开]
为了实现上述目的，本发明的弹簧密封装置，设有弹簧密封导引件，将弹簧密封的端部夹在燃气轮机等的燃烧器内筒的外壁与弹簧密封导引件之间、或者夹在燃烧器尾筒内壁与弹簧密封导引件之间地连接。
未夹在弹簧密封导引件与内筒外壁之间的、或者未夹在弹簧密封导引件与尾筒内壁之间的弹簧密封的端部，用适当的方式固定在尾筒内壁或内筒外壁上。
弹簧密封可以与现有技术同样地，由内侧弹簧密封和外侧弹簧密封构成。另外，弹簧密封可以沿着内筒外壁或尾筒内壁的全周设置。
这样构成的本发明弹簧密封装置中，检查时所确认的规定尺寸的外侧弹簧密封及内侧弹簧密封，在组装时，导入弹簧密封导引件，沿着全周嵌入内筒外壁或尾筒内壁与弹簧密封导引件之间。
在燃气轮机的起动、停止时产生的热伸展，被弹簧密封在弹簧密封导引件中的滑动所吸收，同时，由于在弹簧密封导引件内的滑动反复进行，所以，即使反复几十次地起动、停止，也不会产生间隙，不产生大的泄漏。因此，采用本发明的弹簧密封装置，能防止因燃烧状态的变化而对NOx或燃烧振动产生不良影响，并且，能防止弹簧密封因自励振动而破损。
[附图的简单说明]
图1是表示本发明第1实施例弹簧密封构造的截面图。
图2是图1所示弹簧密封的平面图。
图3是从轴向看图1所示弹簧密封的端面图。
图4是表示本发明第2实施例的弹簧密封构造的截面图。
图5是图4所示弹簧密封的侧面图。
图6是从轴方向看图4所示弹簧密封的端面图。
图7是表示燃气轮机的燃烧器构造的说明图。
图8是现有燃气轮机中的燃烧器部的截面图。
图9是现有燃气轮机的燃烧器中的弹簧密封构造的截面图。
图10是图9所示弹簧密封的平面图。
图11是从轴方向看图9所示弹簧密封的端面图。
[实施本发明的最佳形式]
下面，参照图1至图6所示的实施例，具体地说明本发明的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置。在下述的实施例中，为了便于说明，与图7至图11所示现有装置相同的部分，注以相同标号。
先参照图1至图3说明第1实施例的弹簧密封装置。
第1实施例的弹簧密封装置中，与安装在内筒1上的图9所示的现有弹簧密封相反地，将内侧弹簧密封4和外侧弹簧密封3的内筒上流侧的部分固定在内筒上，将其下流侧的部分作为自由端。
在尾筒2上，沿着全周设置弹簧密封导引件5。把内筒1组装到机室6(图7)中时，将外侧弹簧密封3及内侧弹簧密封4的自由端沿着全周嵌入弹簧密封导引件5。这样，在起动、停止时产生的热伸展，被内侧弹簧密封4及外侧弹簧密封3在该弹簧密封导引件5的间隙a内的滑动所吸收。
热伸展使得内筒1和尾筒2产生变形，该变形又使外侧弹簧密封3及内侧弹簧密封4变形(弹性减弱)，而弹簧密封导引件5则可以防止该外侧弹簧密封3及内侧弹簧密封4的变形，可防止在尾筒2与弹簧密封3、4之间产生间隙，防止空气从机室6向燃烧器内泄漏，同时，可防止弹簧密封3、4的自励振动。
这样，可以防止因长年使用而在弹簧密封部产生的、从机室6向燃烧器内的空气泄漏，从而可防止燃烧状态变化及对NOx及燃烧振动的不良影响。同时，可防止弹簧密封3、4因自励振动而破损，提高了燃烧器的可靠性。
图4至图6表示本发明第2实施例的弹簧密封装置。该第2实施例中，把内侧弹簧密封4及外侧弹簧密封3的尾筒上流侧的部分作为自由端、将其下流侧的部分作为固定端安装在尾筒2上。在内筒1上沿着全周，在其外周设置弹簧密封导引件5。
把内筒1组装到机室6中时，将外侧弹簧密封3及内侧弹簧密封4的自由端沿着弹簧密封导引件5的全周嵌入。该第2实施例也具有与上述第1实施例的弹簧密封装置同样的作用及效果。
本发明的弹簧密封装置中，由于把弹簧密封导入弹簧密封导引件内，燃气轮机的起动、停止时产生的热伸展，被弹簧密封在密封导引件中的滑动吸收，同时，由于防止热伸展引起的弹簧密封的弹性减弱，所以，可防止空气从机室泄漏到燃烧器内。
其结果，可防止因泄漏而产生的燃烧状态变化，也就防止了NOx的产生及对燃烧振动的不良影响，同时，可防止弹簧密封因自励振动而破损，提高了燃气轮机的可靠性。

Claims (6)

1.一种燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，该装置连接燃烧器的内筒和尾筒，其特征在于，设有弹簧密封导引件，将弹簧密封的端部夹在内筒外壁及尾筒内壁中的任一方与该弹簧密封导引件之间地连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，其特征在于，把弹簧密封的上流侧固定在内筒外壁上，将其下流侧作为自由端，并将其下流侧夹在尾筒内壁与弹簧密封导引件之间地连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，其特征在于，把弹簧密封的下流侧固定在尾筒外壁上，将其上流侧作为自由端，并将其上流侧夹在内筒外壁与弹簧密封导引件之间地连接。
4.如权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，其特征在于，弹簧密封导引件沿着内筒的外壁或尾筒的内壁的全周设置。
5.如权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，其特征在于，弹簧密封由内侧弹簧密封和外侧弹簧密封构成。
6.如权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的燃烧器的弹簧密封装置，其特征在于，上述燃烧器是燃气轮机的燃烧器。
CN97190018A 1996-01-17 1997-01-14 燃烧器的弹簧密封装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1099003C (zh)

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JP8005606A JPH09195799A (ja) 1996-01-17 1996-01-17 燃焼器のスプリングシール装置
JP5606/96 1996-01-17
JP5606/1996 1996-01-17

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US (1) US5987879A (zh)
EP (1) EP0875721B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09195799A (zh)
KR (1) KR100264183B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1099003C (zh)
CA (1) CA2215625C (zh)
DE (1) DE69714704T2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997026485A1 (zh)

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EP0875721A1 (en) 1998-11-04
DE69714704D1 (de) 2002-09-19
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DE69714704T2 (de) 2003-04-10

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