CN118046033A

CN118046033A - Rail milling equipment and rail milling blade

Info

Publication number: CN118046033A
Application number: CN202410438348.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周鸣曦
Original assignee: Hubei Keruiyou Rail Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Keruiyou Rail Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-04-12
Filing date: 2024-04-12
Publication date: 2024-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2044-04-12
Also published as: CN118046033B

Abstract

The application relates to the field of rail milling equipment, and particularly discloses rail milling equipment and a rail milling blade, wherein the milling equipment comprises a milling vehicle and a milling cutter head, a mounting column is arranged on the milling vehicle, and the milling cutter head is rotatably arranged at the end part of the mounting column; the mounting column is internally provided with: the device comprises a driving mechanism, an assembling and disassembling mechanism, a conversion mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a cutter head replacing mechanism. In the moving process of the milling vehicle, the detection mechanism detects the milling cutter head, if the milling cutter head is detected to be damaged, the conversion mechanism controls the driving mechanism to enable the milling cutter head to be converted to stop by high-speed rotation, and controls the mounting and dismounting mechanism to dismount the milling cutter head, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism drives the mounting column to rotate to the cutter head replacement mechanism to dismount the milling cutter head. The switching mechanism controls the driving mechanism, the end part of the mounting column is switched from stop to low-speed rotation, and at the moment, the end part of the mounting column rotating at low speed can be installed in a low-speed rotation mode with the tool bit replacing mechanism, so that the milling tool bit is installed.

Description

Rail milling equipment and rail milling blade

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of rail milling equipment, in particular to rail milling equipment and a rail milling blade.

Background

Railway tracks are an important component of railway transportation systems, and are metal tracks on railways for supporting and guiding the running of trains, which are usually composed of two parallel rails laid on railway sleepers and fastened to the sleepers by means of track bolts.

In the long-term use process of the rail, the surface can be worn and damaged, and the surface of the rail needs to be detected and milled regularly to restore the flatness of the rail and reduce noise, and meanwhile, the travelling comfort and the safety of the train are improved.

The milling equipment is generally a track milling machine, also called a track milling vehicle, and the track milling vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein a power system for driving the body to move along a rail is arranged on the vehicle body, a milling cutter head is arranged at a position, close to the bottom, of the vehicle body, and a control system for controlling the operation of the power system and the milling cutter head is arranged on the vehicle body. The milling machine is arranged on the rail in advance, the milling cutter head is adjusted to be in fit with the upper surface of the rail, when the rail is required to be moved and milled, an operator sitting on the milling machine controls the power system to work through the control system, so that the power system drives the vehicle body to move forwards, meanwhile, the control system drives the milling cutter head to rotate at a high speed, the milling cutter head rotating at the high speed is continuously rubbed with the upper surface of the rail, the surface of the rail is cut and leveled, and hard blocks, inclusions or other abnormal materials attached to the upper surface of the rail are removed, so that the rail is moved and milled.

In the process of moving milling for a long time, the milling cutter head is difficult to avoid to generate loss, the cutting performance of the worn milling cutter head is reduced, and the milling cutter head is seriously damaged possibly, so that the worn or damaged milling cutter head needs to be replaced. However, the common replacing method needs to stop the milling vehicle, after the milling vehicle is stopped, an operator sitting on the milling vehicle gets off from the milling vehicle, and then the milling cutter head is detached from the vehicle body by using the detaching tool, so that the process is complicated and a great deal of time is consumed for replacing the milling cutter head, the replacing efficiency of the milling cutter head is low, the efficiency of the whole milling process is greatly reduced, and therefore, improvement of the milling equipment is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the efficiency of replacing milling heads and therefore improve the efficiency of the whole milling process, the application provides rail milling equipment and a rail milling blade.

The application provides track milling equipment, which adopts the following technical scheme:

The rail milling equipment comprises a milling vehicle, wherein two groups of milling cutter heads are arranged at the bottom of the milling vehicle corresponding to two rails, two mounting columns are arranged at the bottom of the milling vehicle corresponding to two milling cutter heads, a containing groove for the mounting columns to contain is formed in the bottom of the milling vehicle, one end of each mounting column is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the containing groove, and the milling cutter heads are rotatably mounted at the other end of each mounting column;

The mounting columns are respectively provided with:

the driving mechanism is used for driving the milling cutter head to rotate at a high speed;

the detection mechanism is used for detecting vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head;

The mounting and dismounting mechanism is used for fixedly mounting the milling cutter head on the end part of the mounting column or separating the milling cutter head from the end part of the mounting column;

the switching mechanism is used for regulating and controlling the input and output states of the driving mechanism to enable the milling cutter head to be switched between a state of high-speed rotation to a state of stop, a state of stop to a state of low-speed rotation and a state of high-speed rotation to a state of low-speed rotation;

the accommodating groove is internally provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the mounting column to be accommodated in the accommodating groove, and the inner wall of the accommodating groove is provided with a cutter head replacing mechanism for replacing the milling cutter head;

When the switching mechanism enables the milling cutter head to be switched from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state, the lifting mechanism drives the milling cutter head to rotate to the cutter head replacing mechanism; when the switching mechanism enables the milling cutter head to be switched from a high-speed rotation state to a low-speed rotation state, the cutter head replacing mechanism replaces the milling cutter head.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the moving process of the milling vehicle, the driving mechanism can drive the milling cutter head to rotate at a high speed so as to mill the surface of the rail at a high speed, the detection mechanism can detect vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head, and whether the milling cutter head and the surface of the rail are in a good milling process is judged according to the vibration;

if the detected vibration is obviously weakened, the milling cutter head is seriously worn or even damaged, and the milling cutter head which is seriously worn or damaged needs to be replaced in time.

At the moment, the switching mechanism controls the driving mechanism to switch the milling cutter head from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state, so that the milling cutter head stops rotating, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism drives the mounting column to rotate to the cutter head replacing mechanism.

In the process of rotation of the mounting column, the switching mechanism controls the mounting and dismounting mechanism to unlock the milling cutter head, and when the mounting column rotates to the cutter head replacing mechanism, the cutter head replacing mechanism dismantles the milling cutter head from the end part of the mounting column.

Then the switching mechanism controls the driving mechanism to enable the end part of the mounting column to be switched from a stop state to a low-speed rotation state, and at the moment, the end part of the mounting column rotating at a low speed can be installed with the tool bit replacing mechanism in a low-speed rotation mode, so that the milling tool bit is installed.

The whole process can realize automatic operation, does not need to stop an operator and get off to replace the milling cutter head, greatly shortens the time for manually installing, detaching and replacing the milling cutter head, and greatly improves the efficiency of the whole milling process.

And the whole process can realize the adjustment of the rotating speed of the milling cutter head through the mutual control of the conversion mechanism and the driving mechanism:

When the milling cutter head is in a high-speed rotation state, the milling cutter head is in a normal milling state;

when the milling cutter head is in a stop state, the switching mechanism drives the mounting and dismounting mechanism to unlock the milling cutter head, so that the milling cutter head is in the stop state and is unlocked with the mounting column;

When the milling cutter head is in a low-speed rotation state, the damaged or worn milling cutter head is detached, and in the low-speed rotation state, the milling cutter head can be matched with a cutter head replacement mechanism to realize rotation installation.

Therefore, the whole process can be matched with each other to realize a series of continuous processes such as stalling, dismounting, low-speed rotation, mounting and the like of the milling cutter head, the actions realized in the whole process are coherent and logical reasonable, each mechanism is matched with each other to form a whole set of replacement actions, the non-detachable performance is realized, and the improvement is aimed at the improvement of the pertinence of the problems and has good popularization significance.

Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a first driving member, a driving gear, an inner gear ring, a second driving member, a sun gear, a planet carrier, a first bevel gear set, a connecting rod, a second bevel gear set, a mounting member and a fixing cylinder, the mounting column is arranged in a hollow manner, the first driving member is mounted on the side wall of the mounting column, an output shaft extends into an inner cavity of the mounting column, the first driving member stops without self-locking, the driving gear is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first driving member, and the inner gear ring is rotatably mounted in the inner cavity of the mounting column and is meshed with the driving gear;

The second driving piece is arranged on the side wall of the mounting column at intervals, the second driving piece is stopped and self-locked, the sun wheel is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second driving piece, two planetary wheels are arranged, the two planetary wheels are rotatably arranged on the planet carrier, and the inner teeth of the inner gear ring and the outer teeth of the sun wheel are respectively meshed with the planetary wheels;

The planet carrier is fixedly provided with a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is coaxial with the sun gear, one end far away from the planet carrier is in transmission connection with the first bevel gear set, the first bevel gear set is in transmission connection with the second bevel gear set through the connecting rod, the mounting piece is rotationally mounted in the mounting column and in transmission connection with the second bevel gear set, the fixing barrel is mounted on the mounting piece, the mounting and dismounting mechanism is used for enabling the fixing barrel to be fixed and separated with the mounting piece, and the milling cutter head is fixedly mounted on one end of the fixing barrel far away from the mounting piece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when first driving piece work, and the second driving piece is in the shut down state, first driving piece drives the driving gear and rotates, and the driving gear drives the ring gear and rotates in opposite directions, and the ring gear drives the planet wheel and rotates in the same direction, and the planet wheel drives the planet carrier and rotate in opposite directions, and the planet carrier rotates and drives the fixed axle and rotate, and the fixed axle drives the connecting rod through first bevel gear group and rotates, and the connecting rod drives the installed part through the second bevel gear group and rotates, and the installed part drives the rotation of fixed section of thick bamboo to this drives the rotation of milling cutter head. In the process, when the second driving piece is stopped, the output shaft is fixed, the sun gear is static, the input end is in transmission connection with the annular gear, the output end is connected with the planet carrier, and the planet wheel can rotate at a speed higher than that of the input end, so that the milling cutter head is driven to rotate at a high speed under normal conditions, and the rail is milled at a high speed;

when the first driving piece is stopped, the output shaft of the first driving piece can also freely rotate, the second driving piece rotates, the second driving piece drives the sun wheel to rotate, meanwhile, the second driving piece drives the conversion mechanism to act, so that the conversion mechanism controls the planet carrier to be fixed, the planet wheel can not revolve along the sun wheel and can only rotate, and the planet carrier is in transmission connection with the milling cutter head, so that the milling cutter head stops rotating at the moment, namely, the milling cutter head is converted from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state, the stopped milling cutter head can be safely replaced, and meanwhile, the conversion mechanism also controls the dismounting mechanism to unlock the milling cutter head and detach the milling cutter head;

When the second driving piece rotates reversely, the conversion mechanism is driven to act reversely, the conversion mechanism is enabled to control the output end of the first driving piece to be fixed, the driving gear output by the first driving piece can not rotate at the moment, so that the inner gear ring meshed with the driving gear is fixed, the second driving piece drives the sun gear to rotate, the sun gear drives the planet carrier to rotate at a rotating speed lower than that of the output end of the second driving piece through the planet gear, and the end part of the mounting post rotating at a low speed can be well mounted on the milling cutter head through the cutter head replacement mechanism, so that the replacement process of the milling cutter head is completed.

In the above three processes, the first driving piece and the second driving piece can both drive the milling cutter head to rotate at different rotation speeds, which corresponds to the normal milling process of the milling cutter head and the process of installing the milling cutter head, and the second driving piece can drive the conversion mechanism to perform opposite actions according to different rotation directions, so that the conversion mechanism can control the driving mechanism in reverse, and the input and the output of the driving mechanism are changed, thereby regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the end part of the mounting column, or controlling the end part of the mounting column to stop rotating the milling cutter head, which corresponds to the disassembly of the milling cutter head.

Optionally, the mounting piece includes with the installation section of thick bamboo of second bevel gear group transmission connection and fixed mounting in the mount pad of the other end of installation section of thick bamboo, the rotation direction of installation section of thick bamboo is unanimous with milling cutter head's rotation direction, install and tear mechanism open including inserted bar, elastic component and push rod, set up the mounting groove on the mount pad inner wall, inserted bar slidable mounting in the mounting groove, elastic component one end with the inner wall fixed connection of mounting groove, the other end with inserted bar fixed connection, the elastic component can drive inserted bar tip stretches out outside the mounting groove;

the mounting seat outer peripheral wall is provided with a limit strip along the length direction of the mounting cylinder, the fixing cylinder is sleeved on the mounting seat outer peripheral wall, the inner peripheral wall is provided with a limit groove in sliding fit with the limit strip, and the inner peripheral wall of the fixing cylinder is also provided with an annular clamping groove for inserting the end part of the inserting rod;

the end part of the fixed cylinder, which is far away from the mounting seat, is provided with a plug-in column, the end part of the fixed cylinder, which is far away from the mounting seat, is also provided with a plurality of fixing holes at intervals, and the plug-in column and the fixing holes can be connected and fixed with the milling cutter head;

The push rod sliding mounting is in the installation section of thick bamboo, and with be provided with restriction relatively pivoted limit structure between the installation section of thick bamboo inner wall, the intercommunication in the mount pad the slot has been seted up to the inner chamber of installation section of thick bamboo, be provided with wedge inclined plane on the inserted bar, push rod one end stretches out outside the installation section of thick bamboo, the other end stretches into in the slot, the tip of push rod corresponds in the slot wedge inclined plane on the inserted bar sets up, works as conversion mechanism drives milling cutter head is by high-speed rotation state conversion when stopping state, conversion mechanism promotes the push rod to in the slot remove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs to carry out the unblock to milling cutter head, the second driving piece drives conversion mechanism, realizes the fixed to the planet carrier, and milling cutter head stops rotating this moment, and milling cutter head of the stopped state can realize safe change.

Meanwhile, the second driving piece drives the conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism drives the push rod to move into the slot, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the end part of the slot pushes the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the end part of the inserting rod, the end part of the inserting rod is retracted into the mounting groove from the annular clamping groove, at the moment, the end part of the inserting rod is not limited in terms of anti-falling of the fixed cylinder, and at the moment, the fixed cylinder can be easily detached from the mounting seat.

When the mounting column rotates to the cutter head replacing mechanism, the cutter head replacing mechanism integrally replaces the fixed cylinder and the milling cutter head fixed at the end part of the fixed cylinder, so that the milling cutter head is detached. And then the end part of the mounting column is converted into a low-speed rotation state from a stop state, and the rotating end part of the mounting column is matched with the tool bit replacing mechanism, so that a new milling tool bit is mounted on the mounting seat, and the disassembly and replacement of the milling tool bit are completed.

Optionally, the conversion mechanism comprises a push plate, a first power locking assembly, a second power locking assembly and a linkage assembly, wherein the push plate is slidably installed in the installation column, two ends of the push plate are slidably clamped and installed on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the installation column respectively, and the sliding direction of the push plate is consistent with the length direction of the fixed shaft;

The first power locking component is arranged between the push plate and the output shaft of the first driving piece and used for locking the rotation of the output shaft of the first driving piece, and the second power locking component is arranged between the inner wall of the mounting column and the fixed shaft and used for locking the rotation of the fixed shaft;

the fixed shaft comprises a first shaft body and a second shaft body which are in sliding connection with each other, the first shaft body and the second shaft body are limited to rotate mutually, the second shaft body penetrates through the push plate and is rotatably arranged on the push plate, and the second power locking assembly is used for locking the rotation of the second shaft body;

The linkage assembly is used for carrying out transmission connection on the second driving piece and the movement of the push plate, so that the push plate can move in the direction close to the second driving piece or in the direction far away from the second driving piece when the second driving piece rotates forwards and reversely.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when milling the tool bit and appearing damaging or wearing and tearing need change, first driving piece shut down, and the second driving piece rotates, and the second driving piece passes through the linkage subassembly and drives the push pedal and move to the direction of keeping away from the second driving piece, makes second power locking subassembly lock the rotation of planet carrier, mills the tool bit and stops rotating this moment. Meanwhile, the push plate pushes the push rod to move, unlocking of the fixed barrel and the milling cutter head is achieved, and the milling cutter head is convenient to detach and replace by the cutter head replacing mechanism.

When the tool bit replacement mechanism is used for completing the disassembly of the milling tool bit, the second driving part reversely rotates, and the second driving part drives the push plate to reversely move towards the position close to the second driving part through the linkage assembly, so that the first power locking assembly locks the free rotation of the output shaft of the first driving part, the adjustment of the rotating speed on the planet carrier is realized, the planet carrier drives the end part of the mounting column to rotate at a slow speed again, and the end part of the mounting column can be matched with the tool bit replacement mechanism, and the new milling tool bit is replaced.

Optionally, the first power locking component includes a first locking column installed on the push plate and a first locking block coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first driving piece, the end part of the first locking column is opposite to the first locking block and provided with a first groove adapted to the first locking block, and the first groove on the first locking column can cooperate with the first locking block to lock the output shaft of the first driving piece;

The second power locking assembly comprises a second locking column arranged on the inner wall of the mounting column and a second locking block coaxially fixed at the end part of the second shaft body, the end part of the second locking column is opposite to the second locking block, a second groove matched with the second locking block is formed in the second locking block, and the second groove on the second locking column can be matched with the second locking block to lock the second shaft body.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the push plate moves in the direction away from the second driving piece, the push plate can drive the second shaft body to move in the direction close to the second locking column, and the second locking block at the end part of the second shaft body is spliced and abutted in the second groove, so that the second shaft body is locked in rotation, namely the planet carrier is locked in rotation, and the milling cutter head stops rotating at the moment and corresponds to the disassembly process of the milling cutter head;

when the push plate moves towards the direction close to the second driving piece, the push plate can drive the first locking column to move towards the direction close to the first driving piece, so that the first groove on the first locking column is in butt joint with the first locking block at the end part of the first driving piece, the locking of the rotation of the output shaft of the first driving piece is realized, and at the moment, when the second driving piece rotates, the planet carrier drives the end part of the mounting column to rotate at a speed lower than that of the input end, and the mounting process of the milling cutter head corresponds to the mounting process of the milling cutter head.

Optionally, the linkage assembly includes a first linkage gear, a second linkage gear, a linkage shaft, a third bevel gear set, a third linkage gear and a rack, wherein the first linkage gear is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second driving piece, and the second linkage gear is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the mounting column and meshed with the first linkage gear;

The connecting shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting column, the axis of the connecting shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the second connecting gear, the third bevel gear set is used for enabling the second connecting gear to be in transmission connection with the connecting shaft, the third connecting gear is rotatably arranged at one end, far away from the third bevel gear set, of the connecting shaft, the rack is fixedly arranged on the push plate and is parallel to the axis of the second connecting gear, and the third connecting gear is meshed with the rack.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the second driving piece during operation, drive first interlock gear and rotate, first interlock gear drives second interlock gear and rotates, and the second interlock gear passes through the third bevel gear group and drives the axis of linkage and rotate, makes the axis of linkage drive the rack rotation of meshing with it, and the rack drives the push pedal to be close to or keep away from the direction removal of second driving piece, realizes the switching to the rotatory state of erection column tip.

Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes first extensible member and connecting seat, first extensible member one end rotate in on the holding tank inner wall, the other end with the connecting seat top rotates to be connected, connecting seat fixed mounting in on the periphery wall of erection column.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when milling the tool bit needs to be changed, first extensible member shrink drives the erection column and takes place to rotate along the pivot, realizes the lifting to the erection column, makes the erection column keep away from the tip of pivot and rotates to tool bit change mechanism department.

Optionally, the tool bit replacement mechanism includes second extensible member and adsorption piece, the standing groove has been seted up along the direction that is parallel to the bottom plate in milling vehicle's the bottom plate, the standing groove tip runs through the holding groove sets up, and the second extensible member is installed the standing groove, and the tip can stretch into in the holding groove, the adsorption piece install in the flexible end tip of second extensible member, and be used for adsorbing milling tool bit;

The utility model discloses a milling cutter head, including standing groove, milling cutter head, collecting tank, placing groove, milling cutter head, collecting tank, milling cutter head, storage tank top and below have been seted up respectively and have been put thing groove and collecting tank, put thing groove with the collecting tank all with the standing groove intercommunication, and dislocation set each other, put thing inslot and placed the milling cutter head that supplies to change, the cross-section size of standing groove with milling cutter head's cross-section size is the same, collecting tank below intercommunication is provided with the collection storehouse that is used for collecting milling cutter head after changing.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the tip of erection column rotates to with the standing groove when being right, the extension of second extensible member this moment, the absorption piece on the second extensible member will install the milling cutter head that the post tip had been unblock and pull down, then the second extensible member shrink, when the shrink to the collecting groove, the absorption piece loosens the milling cutter head, milling cutter head falls to the collecting bin of below by the collecting groove in, after the shrink is through putting the thing groove, the new milling cutter head of placing in putting the thing groove falls to the standing groove. And then the second telescopic piece is extended, and the adsorbing piece drives the new milling cutter head to be in running fit with the end part of the mounting column rotating at a low speed, so that the milling cutter head is mounted.

Optionally, the detection mechanism includes install in piezoelectric sensor on the erection column inner wall, install control panel on the milling vehicle, piezoelectric sensor with control panel electric communication, actuating mechanism lifting mechanism the tool bit change mechanism all with control panel electric communication.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, piezoelectric sensor can detect milling cutter head produced vibrations to give control panel with vibration signal transmission, through control panel automatic control actuating mechanism, too elevating system and tool bit change mechanism, realize milling cutter head damage or automatic change when wearing and tearing.

The application also provides a track milling blade, which adopts the following technical scheme:

Optionally, including milling wheel, milling blade body, fixed column and rings, the wheel face that mills the wheel corresponds the upper surface of rail and is concave setting, milling wheel tip has run through and has offered the interface, milling blade body is provided with a plurality ofly, each milling blade body interval is fixed in on the wheel face of milling the wheel, the fixed column is provided with a plurality ofly, each fixed column interval is fixed in on the one side terminal surface of milling the wheel, rings are provided with a plurality ofly, each rings interval is fixed in on the opposite side terminal surface of milling the wheel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, milling wheel one side fixed column can peg graft fixedly with the fixed orifices of fixed cylinder tip each other, and milling wheel on the interface can peg graft the cooperation with the spliced pole, realize milling wheel and fixed connection of fixed cylinder, and milling wheel opposite side's rings can conveniently hoist and mount milling wheel.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

In the moving process of the milling vehicle, the driving mechanism can drive the milling cutter head to rotate at a high speed so as to mill the surface of the rail at a high speed, and the detection mechanism can detect vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head and judge whether the milling cutter head and the surface of the rail are in a good milling process according to the vibration;

when the milling cutter head is worn or damaged and needs to be replaced, the switching mechanism controls the driving mechanism to enable the milling cutter head to be switched from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state, so that the milling cutter head stops rotating, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism drives the mounting column to rotate to the cutter head replacing mechanism;

In the process of rotating the mounting column, the switching mechanism controls the mounting and dismounting mechanism to unlock the milling cutter head, when the mounting column rotates to the cutter head replacing mechanism, the switching mechanism controls the driving mechanism to enable the end part of the mounting column to be switched from a stop state to a low-speed rotation state, and at the moment, the end part of the mounting column rotating at a low speed can be installed in a low-speed rotation mode with the cutter head replacing mechanism, so that the milling cutter head is installed;

the whole process can realize automatic operation without stopping and getting off of operators to replace milling cutter heads, so that the time for manually installing, detaching and replacing the milling cutter heads is greatly shortened, and the efficiency of the whole milling process is greatly improved;

The whole process can drive the conversion mechanism through one driving mechanism, the conversion mechanism controls the driving mechanism in turn to realize the adjustment of the rotating speed of the milling cutter head, and when the milling cutter head is in a high-speed rotating state, the milling cutter head is in a normal milling state; when the milling cutter head is in a stop state, the switching mechanism drives the mounting and dismounting mechanism to unlock the milling cutter head, so that the milling cutter head is in the stop state and is unlocked with the mounting column; when the milling cutter head is in a low-speed rotation state, the damaged or worn milling cutter head is detached, and in the low-speed rotation state, the milling cutter head can be matched with a cutter head replacement mechanism to realize rotation installation;

The whole process can mutually cooperate to realize a series of continuous processes such as stalling, disassembly, low-speed rotation, installation and the like of the milling cutter head, the action realized in the whole process is coherent and logical reasonable, each mechanism mutually cooperates to form a whole set of replacement action, the whole milling cutter head has irrepartibility, and the improvement is the improvement aiming at the pertinence of the problem and has good popularization significance.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a track milling apparatus in an in-use state according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a view from the bottom of a rail milling apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the orbital milling apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mounting post of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the interior of the mounting post of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an exploded construction of the end structure of the mounting post of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the end of the mounting post of FIG. 6;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the milling head.

Reference numerals: 1. a milling vehicle; 11. milling a cutter head; 12. a control panel; 13. a placement groove; 14. a storage groove; 15. a collection tank; 16. a collecting bin; 2. a mounting column; 3. a driving mechanism; 31. a first driving member; 32. a drive gear; 33. an inner gear ring; 34. a second driving member; 35. a sun gear; 36. a planet wheel; 37. a planet carrier; 371. a fixed shaft; 3711. a first shaft body; 3712. a second shaft body; 381. a first bevel gear set; 382. a connecting rod; 383. a second bevel gear set; 384. a mounting member; 3841. a mounting cylinder; 3842. a mounting base; 3843. a limit bar; 384. a slot; 385. a fixed cylinder; 3851. a limit groove; 3852. a plug-in column; 4. an installing and detaching mechanism; 41. a rod; 42. an elastic member; 43. a push rod; 5. a conversion mechanism; 51. a push plate; 52. a first power lock assembly; 521. a first locking post; 522. a first lock block; 53. a second power lock assembly; 531. a second locking post; 532. a second lock block; 54. a linkage assembly; 541. a first linkage gear; 542. a second interlocking gear; 543. a linkage shaft; 544. a third bevel gear set; 545. a third linkage gear; 546. a rack; 6. a lifting mechanism; 61. a first telescopic member; 62. a connecting seat; 7. a cutter head replacing mechanism; 71. a second telescopic member; 72. an absorbing member; 81. a milling wheel; 811. an interface; 82. milling an insert body; 83. fixing the column; 84. and (5) hanging rings.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1-9.

The embodiment of the application discloses track milling equipment.

The utility model provides a track milling equipment, refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, including milling car 1, two sets of rail wheels are installed to milling car 1 bottom correspondence rail, and milling car 1's bottom corresponds two rail and is provided with two sets of milling tool bits 11, and milling car 1 bottom corresponds two milling tool bits 11 and is provided with two erection columns 2, and milling car 1 bottom has seted up the holding tank that supplies erection column 2 to hold, and erection column 2 one end is rotated and is installed on the holding tank inner wall, mills tool bit 11 and rotates the other end of installing in erection column 2.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the mounting posts 2 are provided with: the driving mechanism 3 is used for driving the milling cutter head 11 to rotate at a high speed; the detection mechanism is used for detecting vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head 11; the mounting and dismounting mechanism 4 is used for fixedly mounting the milling cutter head 11 on the end part of the mounting column 2 or separating the milling cutter head 11 from the end part of the mounting column 2; a switching mechanism 5 for controlling the input and output states of the driving mechanism 3 to switch the milling head 11 from the high-speed rotation state to the stop state, from the stop state to the low-speed rotation state, and from the high-speed rotation state to the low-speed rotation state; the holding groove is also internally provided with a lifting mechanism 6 for driving the mounting column 2 to be stored in the holding groove, and the inner wall of the holding groove is provided with a tool bit replacing mechanism 7 for replacing the milling tool bit 11.

In the moving process of the milling vehicle 1, the driving mechanism 3 can drive the milling cutter head 11 to rotate at a high speed, so that the rail surface is milled at a high speed, and the detection mechanism can detect vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head 11, and whether the milling cutter head 11 and the rail surface are in a good milling process is judged according to the vibration.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the detection mechanism comprises a piezoelectric sensor mounted on the inner wall of the mounting column 2, a control panel 12 is mounted on the milling vehicle 1, the piezoelectric sensor is electrically communicated with the control panel 12, and the driving mechanism 3, the lifting mechanism 6 and the tool bit replacing mechanism 7 are electrically communicated with the control panel 12.

If the detected vibration is significantly reduced, the milling cutter head 11 is severely worn or even damaged, and the milling cutter head 11 severely worn or damaged needs to be replaced in time.

At this time, the switching mechanism 5 controls the driving mechanism 3 to switch the milling cutter head 11 from the high-speed rotation state to the stop state, so that the milling cutter head 11 stops rotating, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism 6 drives the mounting column 2 to rotate to the cutter head replacing mechanism 7.

During the rotation of the mounting post 2, the switching mechanism 5 controls the mounting and dismounting mechanism 4 to unlock the milling cutter head 11, and when the mounting post 2 rotates to the cutter head replacing mechanism 7, the cutter head replacing mechanism 7 removes the milling cutter head 11 from the end part of the mounting post 2.

The switching mechanism 5 then controls the driving mechanism 3 to switch the end of the mounting post 2 from the stopped state to the low-speed rotation state, and at this time, the end of the mounting post 2 that rotates at a low speed can be mounted in a low-speed rotation with the tool bit changing mechanism 7, thereby mounting the milling tool bit 11.

The whole process can realize automatic operation, does not need to stop an operator and get off to replace the milling cutter head 11, greatly shortens the time for manually installing, detaching and replacing the milling cutter head 11, and greatly improves the efficiency of the whole milling process.

The whole process can realize the adjustment of the rotating speed of the milling cutter head 11 through the mutual control of the conversion mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism 3:

when the milling cutter head 11 is in a high-speed rotation state, the milling cutter head 11 is in a normal milling state;

when the milling cutter head 11 is in a stop state, the switching mechanism 5 drives the mounting and dismounting mechanism 4 to unlock the milling cutter head 11, so that the milling cutter head 11 is in the stop state and is unlocked with the mounting column 2;

When the milling cutter head 11 is in a low-speed rotation state, the damaged or worn milling cutter head 11 is removed at this time, and in the low-speed rotation state, the rotary mounting can be realized in cooperation with the cutter head changing mechanism 7.

The specific structure of each mechanism is described in detail below:

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the driving mechanism 3 includes a first driving member 31, a driving gear 32, an inner gear ring 33, a second driving member 34, a sun gear 35, a planet gear 36, a planet carrier 37, a first bevel gear set 381, a connecting rod 382, a second bevel gear set 383, a mounting member 384 and a fixed cylinder 385, the mounting column 2 is arranged in a hollow manner, the first driving member 31 is mounted on a side wall of the mounting column 2, an output shaft extends into an inner cavity of the mounting column 2, the first driving member 31 is stopped and is not self-locked, in this embodiment, the first driving member 31 adopts an ac synchronous motor, the driving gear 32 is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the first driving member 31, and the inner gear ring 33 is rotatably mounted in the inner cavity of the mounting column 2 and is meshed with the driving gear 32.

The bevel gear groups comprise the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshed with each other and are fixedly connected through the connecting plate, so that the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear can be kept in a meshed state at any time.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the second driving member 34 is mounted on the side wall of the mounting column 2 with the first driving member 31 therebetween, the second driving member 34 is stopped and self-locked, in this embodiment, the second driving member 34 adopts an ac asynchronous motor, the sun gear 35 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second driving member 34, two planetary gears 36 are provided, the two planetary gears 36 are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier 37, and the inner teeth of the ring gear 33 and the outer teeth of the sun gear 35 are respectively meshed with the planetary gears 36.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a fixed shaft 371 is fixed on the planet carrier 37, the fixed shaft 371 is coaxial with the sun gear 35, one end far away from the planet carrier 37 is in transmission connection with a first bevel gear set 381, a connecting rod 382 is rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting column 2, the first bevel gear set 381 is in transmission connection with a second bevel gear set 383 through the connecting rod 382, a mounting piece 384 is rotatably mounted in the mounting column 2 and is in transmission connection with the second bevel gear set 383, a fixed cylinder 385 is mounted on the mounting piece 384, a mounting and dismounting mechanism 4 is used for fixing and separating the fixed cylinder 385 from the mounting piece 384, and a milling cutter head 11 is fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed cylinder 385 far away from the mounting piece 384.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the mounting piece 384 includes a mounting cylinder 3841 in transmission connection with the second bevel gear set 383 and a mounting seat 3842 fixedly mounted at the other end of the mounting cylinder 3841, the rotation direction of the mounting cylinder 3841 is consistent with that of the milling cutter head 11, the mounting and dismounting mechanism 4 includes a plug rod 41, an elastic piece 42 and a push rod 43, a mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the mounting seat 3842, the plug rod 41 is slidably mounted in the mounting groove, one end of the elastic piece 42 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove, the other end of the elastic piece 42 is fixedly connected with the plug rod 41, and the end of the elastic piece 42 can drive the plug rod 41 to extend out of the mounting groove.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, a limiting bar 3843 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting base 3842 along the length direction of the mounting barrel 3841, a fixing barrel 385 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting base 3842, a limiting groove 3851 in sliding fit with the limiting bar 3843 is formed on the inner peripheral wall, and an annular clamping groove for inserting the end portion of the inserting rod 41 is further formed on the inner peripheral wall of the fixing barrel 385.

Referring to fig. 7, an end of the fixing cylinder 385 remote from the mounting base 3842 is provided with a socket post 3852, and an end of the fixing cylinder 385 remote from the mounting base 3842 is further provided with a plurality of fixing holes at intervals, and the socket post 3852 and the fixing holes can be connected and fixed with the milling cutter head 11.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, one end of the push rod 43 is rotatably mounted on the push plate 51, the push rod 43 is slidably mounted in the mounting cylinder 3841, a limiting structure for limiting relative rotation is arranged between the push rod 43 and the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 3841, a slot 384 is formed in an inner cavity of the mounting cylinder 3841 in the mounting seat 3842, a wedge-shaped inclined plane is arranged on the inserting rod 41, one end of the push rod 43 extends out of the mounting cylinder 3841, the other end of the push rod 43 extends into the slot 384, the end of the push rod 43 in the slot 384 is arranged corresponding to the wedge-shaped inclined plane on the inserting rod 41, and when the switching mechanism 5 drives the milling cutter head 11 to be switched from a high-speed rotation state to a stop state, the switching mechanism 5 pushes the push rod 43 to move into the slot 384.

Specifically, when the first driving member 31 is in the stop state and the second driving member 34 is in the stop state, the first driving member 31 drives the driving gear 32 to rotate, the driving gear 32 drives the ring gear 33 to rotate reversely, the ring gear 33 drives the planet gears 36 to rotate in the same direction, the planet gears 36 drive the planet carrier 37 to rotate reversely, the planet carrier 37 rotates to drive the fixed shaft 371 to rotate, the fixed shaft 371 drives the connecting rod 382 to rotate through the first bevel gear set 381, the connecting rod 382 drives the mounting member 384 to rotate through the second bevel gear set 383, and the mounting member 384 drives the fixed cylinder 385 to rotate, so that the milling cutter head 11 is driven to rotate.

In the process, when the second driving piece 34 is stopped, the output shaft is fixed, the sun gear 35 is static, the input end is in transmission connection with the annular gear 33, the output end is connected with the planet carrier 37, and the planet wheel 36 can rotate at a speed higher than that of the input end, so that the milling cutter head 11 is driven to rotate at a high speed under normal conditions, and the rail is milled at a high speed;

When the first driving member 31 is stopped, the output shaft of the first driving member 31 can rotate freely, the second driving member 34 rotates, the second driving member 34 drives the sun gear 35 to rotate, meanwhile, the second driving member 34 drives the conversion mechanism 5 to act, the conversion mechanism 5 controls the planet carrier 37 to be fixed, the planet wheel 36 can not revolve along the sun gear 35 and can only rotate, the planet carrier 37 is in transmission connection with the milling cutter head 11, and therefore the milling cutter head 11 stops rotating at the moment, namely, the milling cutter head 11 is converted from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state, the stopped milling cutter head 11 can be safely replaced, meanwhile, the conversion mechanism 5 also controls the dismounting mechanism 4, unlocking of the milling cutter head 11 is achieved, and dismounting of the milling cutter head 11 is achieved.

When the second driving member 34 rotates reversely, the conversion mechanism 5 is driven to act reversely, so that the conversion mechanism 5 controls the output end of the first driving member 31 to be fixed, at the moment, the driving gear 32 output by the first driving member 31 cannot rotate, so that the inner gear ring 33 meshed with the driving gear 32 is fixed, at the moment, the second driving member 34 drives the sun gear 35 to rotate, the sun gear 35 drives the planet carrier 37 to rotate at a rotating speed lower than that of the output end of the second driving member 34 through the planet gears 36, and the end part of the mounting post 2 rotating at a low speed can be better mounted on the milling cutter head 11 with the cutter head replacement mechanism 7, so that the milling cutter head 11 is replaced.

In the above three processes, the first driving member 31 and the second driving member 34 can drive the milling cutter head 11 to rotate at different rotation speeds, corresponding to the normal milling process of the milling cutter head 11 and the process of installing the milling cutter head 11, and the second driving member 34 can drive the conversion mechanism 5 according to different rotation directions to perform opposite actions, so that the conversion mechanism 5 can control the driving mechanism 3 in turn, and the input and output of the driving mechanism 3 are changed, thereby regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the end part of the mounting column 2, or controlling the end part of the mounting column 2 to stop rotating the milling cutter head 11, and at the moment, correspondingly dismantling the milling cutter head 11.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the conversion mechanism 5 includes a push plate 51, a first power locking assembly 52, a second power locking assembly 53, and a linkage assembly 54, wherein the push plate 51 is slidably mounted in the mounting column 2, and both ends of the push plate are slidably and respectively mounted on the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting column 2 in a clamped manner, and the sliding direction of the push plate 51 is consistent with the length direction of the fixed shaft 371.

The first power locking assembly 52 is installed between the push plate 51 and the output shaft of the first driving member 31 for locking the rotation of the output shaft of the first driving member 31, and the second power locking assembly 53 is installed between the inner wall of the mounting post 2 and the fixed shaft 371 for locking the rotation of the fixed shaft 371.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the fixed shaft 371 includes a first shaft body 3711 and a second shaft body 3712 slidably inserted into each other, the first shaft body 3711 and the second shaft body 3712 are limited from rotating with each other, the second shaft body 3712 penetrates the push plate 51 and is rotatably mounted on the push plate 51, the drive bevel gear of the first bevel gear set 381 is coaxially slidably mounted on the second shaft body 3712, and the drive bevel gear of the first bevel gear set 381 and the second shaft body 3712 are limited from rotating with each other in such a manner that a spline and a key groove are provided therebetween, and the second power locking assembly 53 is used for locking the rotation of the second shaft body 3712.

The linkage assembly 54 connects the second driving member 34 with the movement of the push plate 51 in a driving manner, so that the push plate 51 can move in a direction approaching the second driving member 34 or in a direction separating from the second driving member 34 when the second driving member 34 rotates in a forward direction and rotates in a reverse direction.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the first power locking assembly 52 includes a first locking post 521 mounted on the push plate 51 and a first locking block 522 coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first driving member 31, where the end of the first locking post 521 faces the first locking block 522 and is provided with a first groove adapted to the first locking block 522, and the first groove on the first locking post 521 can cooperate with the first locking block 522 to lock the output shaft of the first driving member 31;

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the second power locking assembly 53 includes a second locking post 531 mounted on an inner wall of the mounting post 2 and a second locking block 532 coaxially fixed to an end of the second shaft 3712, wherein a second groove adapted to the second locking block 532 is formed on the end of the second locking post 531 opposite to the second locking block 532, and the second groove on the second locking post 531 can cooperate with the second locking block 532 to lock the second shaft 3712.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the linkage assembly 54 includes a first linkage gear 541, a second linkage gear 542, a linkage shaft 543, a third bevel gear set 544, a third linkage gear 545, and a rack 546, the first linkage gear 541 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the second driving member 34, and the second linkage gear 542 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting column 2 and is meshed with the first linkage gear 541;

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the linkage shaft 543 is rotatably mounted in the mounting column 2, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the second linkage gear 542, the third bevel gear set 544 is used for driving the second linkage gear 542 to be connected with the linkage shaft 543, the third linkage gear 545 is rotatably mounted at one end of the linkage shaft 543 away from the third bevel gear set 544, the rack 546 is fixedly mounted on the push plate 51 and is parallel to the axis of the second linkage gear 542, and the third linkage gear 545 and the rack 546 are meshed with each other.

When the milling cutter head 11 is damaged or worn and needs to be replaced, the first driving piece 31 is stopped, the second driving piece 34 rotates, the second driving piece 34 drives the push plate 51 to move away from the second driving piece 34 through the linkage assembly 54, the second power locking assembly 53 locks the rotation of the planet carrier 37, and at the moment, the milling cutter head 11 stops rotating. Meanwhile, the push plate 51 pushes the push rod 43 to move, unlocking of the fixed cylinder 385 and the milling cutter head 11 is achieved, and the cutter head replacing mechanism 7 is convenient for disassembling and replacing the milling cutter head 11.

When the milling cutter head 11 is dismounted by the cutter head replacing mechanism 7, the second driving piece 34 reversely rotates, the second driving piece 34 drives the push plate 51 to reversely move towards the position close to the second driving piece 34 through the linkage assembly 54, so that the first power locking assembly 52 locks the free rotation of the output shaft of the first driving piece 31, the adjustment of the rotating speed on the planet carrier 37 is realized, the planet carrier 37 drives the end part of the mounting column 2 to rotate at a slow speed again, and therefore the end part of the mounting column 2 can be matched with the cutter head replacing mechanism 7, and the replacement of a new milling cutter head 11 is realized.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the lifting mechanism 6 includes a first telescopic member 61 and a connecting seat 62, one end of the first telescopic member 61 is rotated on the inner wall of the accommodating groove, the other end is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting seat 62, and the connecting seat 62 is fixedly mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting column 2.

When milling tool bit 11 needs to be changed, first extensible member 61 contracts, drives erection column 2 to take place to rotate along the pivot, realizes the lifting to erection column 2, makes the end that erection column 2 kept away from the pivot rotate to tool bit change mechanism 7 department.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the tool bit replacing mechanism 7 includes a second telescopic member 71 and an adsorbing member 72, a placing groove 13 is formed in the bottom plate of the milling vehicle 1 along a direction parallel to the bottom plate, the end portion of the placing groove 13 penetrates through the accommodating groove, the second telescopic member 71 is installed in the placing groove 13, the end portion can extend into the accommodating groove, the adsorbing member 72 can adopt a sucker or an electromagnet, in this embodiment, the adsorbing member 72 adopts an electromagnet, in other embodiments, a sucker can be adopted, the adsorbing member 72 is installed at the end portion of the telescopic end of the second telescopic member 71, and is used for adsorbing the milling tool bit 11.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a storage tank 14 and a collection tank 15 are respectively provided above and below the storage tank 13, the storage tank 14 and the collection tank 15 are both communicated with the storage tank 13 and are staggered with each other, milling cutter heads 11 for replacement are placed in the storage tank 14, the size of the section of the storage tank 13 is the same as that of the milling cutter heads 11, a collection bin 16 for collecting the replaced milling cutter heads 11 is communicated below the collection tank 15, and the collection bin 16 can be opened and closed.

When the end of the mounting post 2 is turned to be aligned with the placement groove 13, the second telescopic member 71 is extended, the suction member 72 on the second telescopic member 71 removes the milling cutter head 11 whose end of the mounting post 2 has been unlocked, and then the second telescopic member 71 is retracted, when retracted into the collection groove 15, the suction member 72 releases the milling cutter head 11, the milling cutter head 11 falls from the collection groove 15 into the collection bin 16 below, and when retracted into the passing placement groove 14, the new milling cutter head 11 placed in the placement groove 14 falls into the placement groove 13. And then the second telescopic piece 71 is extended, and the absorption piece 72 drives the new milling cutter head 11 to be in running fit with the end part of the mounting column 2 rotating at a low speed, so that the milling cutter head 11 is mounted.

The implementation principle of the track milling equipment provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: in the moving process of the milling vehicle 1, the driving mechanism 3 can drive the milling cutter head 11 to rotate at a high speed so as to mill the surface of the rail at a high speed, and the detection mechanism can detect vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head 11 and judge whether the milling cutter head 11 and the surface of the rail are in a good milling process according to the vibration;

The embodiment of the application also discloses a track milling blade which is applied to the milling equipment.

Referring to fig. 7 and 9, a track milling blade, namely a milling cutter head 11 in the foregoing, includes a milling wheel 81, a milling cutter blade body 82, fixing columns 83 and hanging rings 84, wherein the wheel surface of the milling wheel 81 is concave corresponding to the upper surface of the rail, the end of the milling wheel 81 is provided with a plurality of inserting ports 811 in a penetrating manner, the milling cutter blade body 82 is provided with a plurality of milling cutter blade bodies 82 at intervals, the fixing columns 83 are provided with a plurality of fixing columns 83 at intervals and are fixed on one side end surface of the milling wheel 81, the hanging rings 84 are provided with a plurality of hanging rings 84 at intervals and are fixed on the other side end surface of the milling wheel 81.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. The terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, is intended to mean that elements or items that are present in front of "comprising" or "comprising" are included in the word "comprising" or "comprising", and equivalents thereof, without excluding other elements or items. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to denote relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object to be described changes.

The foregoing are all optional embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.

Claims

1. A track milling apparatus, characterized in that: the milling device comprises a milling vehicle (1), wherein two groups of milling cutter heads (11) are arranged at the bottom of the milling vehicle (1) corresponding to two rails, two mounting columns (2) are arranged at the bottom of the milling vehicle (1) corresponding to two milling cutter heads (11), a containing groove for containing the mounting columns (2) is formed in the bottom of the milling vehicle (1), one end of the mounting column (2) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the containing groove, and the milling cutter heads (11) are rotatably mounted at the other end of the mounting column (2);

The mounting columns (2) are respectively provided with:

The driving mechanism (3) is used for driving the milling cutter head (11) to rotate at a high speed;

the detection mechanism is used for detecting vibration generated in the milling process of the milling cutter head (11);

the mounting and dismounting mechanism (4) is used for fixedly mounting the milling cutter head (11) on the end part of the mounting column (2) or separating the milling cutter head (11) from the end part of the mounting column (2);

the switching mechanism (5) is used for regulating and controlling the input and output states of the driving mechanism (3) to enable the milling cutter head (11) to switch between a high-speed rotation state to a stop state, a stop state to a low-speed rotation state and a high-speed rotation state to a low-speed rotation state;

The accommodating groove is internally provided with a lifting mechanism (6) for driving the mounting column (2) to be accommodated in the accommodating groove, and the inner wall of the accommodating groove is provided with a cutter head replacing mechanism (7) for replacing the milling cutter head (11);

When the milling cutter head (11) is converted from a high-speed rotating state to a stopping state by the conversion mechanism (5), the lifting mechanism (6) drives the milling cutter head (11) to rotate to the cutter head replacing mechanism (7); when the switching mechanism (5) enables the milling cutter head (11) to be switched from a high-speed rotation state to a low-speed rotation state, the cutter head replacing mechanism (7) replaces the milling cutter head (11).

2. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (3) comprises a first driving part (31), a driving gear (32), an annular gear (33), a second driving part (34), a sun gear (35), a planet wheel (36), a planet carrier (37), a first bevel gear set (381), a connecting rod (382), a second bevel gear set (383), a mounting part (384) and a fixed cylinder (385), wherein the mounting column (2) is arranged in a hollow mode, the first driving part (31) is mounted on the side wall of the mounting column (2), an output shaft extends into the inner cavity of the mounting column (2), the first driving part (31) stops without self-locking, the driving gear (32) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first driving part (31), and the annular gear (33) is rotatably mounted in the inner cavity of the mounting column (2) and is meshed with the driving gear (32);

The second driving piece (34) is arranged on the side wall of the mounting column (2) at intervals of the first driving piece (31), the second driving piece (34) is stopped and self-locked, the sun gear (35) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second driving piece (34), two planetary gears (36) are arranged, the two planetary gears (36) are rotatably arranged on the planetary carrier (37), and the inner teeth of the inner gear ring (33) and the outer teeth of the sun gear (35) are respectively meshed with the planetary gears (36);

The utility model discloses a milling cutter, including a planet carrier (37), a fixed axle (371), fixed axle (371) with sun gear (35) is coaxial, and is kept away from the one end of planet carrier (37) with first bevel gear group (381) transmission is connected, first bevel gear group (381) pass through connecting rod (382) with second bevel gear group (383) transmission is connected, installed piece (384) rotate install in erection column (2), and with second bevel gear group (383) transmission is connected, fixed cylinder (385) install in on installed piece (384), install and tear mechanism (4) are used for making fixed cylinder (385) with install piece (384) are fixed and are separated, milling cutter head (11) fixed mounting in fixed cylinder (385) keep away from on the one end of installed piece (384).

3. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mounting piece (384) comprises a mounting barrel (3841) in transmission connection with the second bevel gear set (383) and a mounting seat (3842) fixedly mounted at the other end of the mounting barrel (3841), the rotation direction of the mounting barrel (3841) is consistent with that of the milling cutter head (11), the mounting and dismounting mechanism (4) comprises a plug rod (41), an elastic piece (42) and a push rod (43), a mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the mounting seat (3842), the plug rod (41) is slidably mounted in the mounting groove, one end of the elastic piece (42) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove, the other end of the elastic piece (42) is fixedly connected with the plug rod (41), and the end of the plug rod (41) can be driven by the elastic piece (42) to extend out of the mounting groove;

A limiting strip (3843) is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting seat (3842) along the length direction of the mounting cylinder (3841), the fixing cylinder (385) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting seat (3842), a limiting groove (3851) which is in sliding fit with the limiting strip (3843) is formed in the inner peripheral wall, and an annular clamping groove for inserting the end part of the inserting rod (41) is further formed in the inner peripheral wall of the fixing cylinder (385);

An insertion column (3852) is arranged at the end part of the fixed cylinder (385) far away from the mounting seat (3842), a plurality of fixing holes are further formed in the end part of the fixed cylinder (385) far away from the mounting seat (3842) at intervals, and the insertion column (3852) and the fixing holes can be connected and fixed with the milling cutter head (11);

Push rod (43) slidable mounting is in installation section of thick bamboo (3841), and with be provided with restriction relatively pivoted limit structure between installation section of thick bamboo (3841) inner wall, the mount pad (3842) internal communication slot (384) have been seted up to the inner chamber of installation section of thick bamboo (3841), be provided with wedge inclined plane on inserted bar (41), push rod (43) one end stretches out outside installation section of thick bamboo (3841), the other end stretches into in slot (384), the tip of push rod (43) corresponds wedge inclined plane setting on inserted bar (41) in slot (384), works as conversion mechanism (5) drive milling cutter head (11) are by high-speed rotation state conversion to the state of stopping, conversion mechanism (5) promote push rod (43) to in slot (384) remove.

4. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the conversion mechanism (5) comprises a push plate (51), a first power locking component (52), a second power locking component (53) and a linkage component (54), wherein the push plate (51) is slidably installed in the mounting column (2) and two ends of the push plate are slidably and respectively clamped and installed on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the mounting column (2), and the sliding direction of the push plate (51) is consistent with the length direction of the fixed shaft (371);

The first power locking component (52) is arranged between the push plate (51) and the output shaft of the first driving piece (31) and used for locking the rotation of the output shaft of the first driving piece (31), and the second power locking component (53) is arranged between the inner wall of the mounting column (2) and the fixed shaft (371) and used for locking the rotation of the fixed shaft (371);

The fixed shaft (371) comprises a first shaft body (3711) and a second shaft body (3712) which are in sliding connection with each other, the first shaft body (3711) and the second shaft body (3712) are limited to rotate mutually, the second shaft body (3712) penetrates through the push plate (51) and is rotatably arranged on the push plate (51), and the second power locking assembly (53) is used for locking the rotation of the second shaft body (3712);

the linkage assembly (54) is used for connecting the second driving piece (34) and the pushing plate (51) in a transmission way, so that the pushing plate (51) can move in a direction approaching to the second driving piece (34) or in a direction far from the second driving piece (34) when the second driving piece (34) rotates forwards and reversely.

5. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the first power locking assembly (52) comprises a first locking column (521) arranged on the push plate (51) and a first locking block (522) coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first driving piece (31), the end part of the first locking column (521) is opposite to the first locking block (522) and provided with a first groove matched with the first locking block (522), and the first groove on the first locking column (521) can be matched with the first locking block (522) to lock the output shaft of the first driving piece (31);

The second power locking assembly (53) comprises a second locking column (531) arranged on the inner wall of the mounting column (2) and a second locking block (532) coaxially fixed at the end part of the second shaft body (3712), the end part of the second locking column (531) is opposite to the second locking block (532) and provided with a second groove matched with the second locking block (532), and the second groove on the second locking column (531) can be matched with the second locking block (532) to lock the second shaft body (3712).

6. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the linkage assembly (54) comprises a first linkage gear (541), a second linkage gear (542), a linkage shaft (543), a third bevel gear set (544), a third linkage gear (545) and a rack (546), wherein the first linkage gear (541) is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the second driving piece (34), and the second linkage gear (542) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the mounting column (2) and is meshed with the first linkage gear (541);

The connecting shaft (543) is rotatably installed in the installation column (2) and the axis is perpendicular to the axis of the second connecting gear (542), the third bevel gear set (544) is used for enabling the second connecting gear (542) to be in transmission connection with the connecting shaft (543), the third connecting gear (545) is rotatably installed at one end, far away from the third bevel gear set (544), of the connecting shaft (543), the rack (546) is fixedly installed on the push plate (51) and is parallel to the axis of the second connecting gear (542), and the third connecting gear (545) is meshed with the rack (546) mutually.

7. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism (6) comprises a first telescopic piece (61) and a connecting seat (62), one end of the first telescopic piece (61) rotates on the inner wall of the accommodating groove, the other end of the first telescopic piece is rotationally connected with the top of the connecting seat (62), and the connecting seat (62) is fixedly installed on the peripheral wall of the mounting column (2).

8. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tool bit replacing mechanism (7) comprises a second telescopic piece (71) and an adsorption piece (72), a placing groove (13) is formed in the bottom plate of the milling vehicle (1) along the direction parallel to the bottom plate, the end part of the placing groove (13) penetrates through the containing groove, the second telescopic piece (71) is installed in the placing groove (13), the end part of the second telescopic piece can extend into the containing groove, and the adsorption piece (72) is installed at the end part of the telescopic end of the second telescopic piece (71) and is used for adsorbing a milling tool bit (11);

Storage groove (14) and collecting vat (15) have been seted up respectively to standing groove (13) top and below, storage groove (14) with collecting vat (15) all with standing groove (13) intercommunication, and dislocation set each other, place milling cutter head (11) that supply to change in standing groove (14), the cross-section size of standing groove (13) with milling cutter head (11)'s cross-section size is the same, collecting vat (15) below intercommunication is provided with and is used for milling cutter head (11) after changing and collects storehouse (16).

9. A track milling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection mechanism comprises a piezoelectric sensor arranged on the inner wall of the mounting column (2), a control panel (12) is arranged on the milling vehicle (1), the piezoelectric sensor is electrically communicated with the control panel (12), and the driving mechanism (3), the lifting mechanism (6) and the tool bit replacing mechanism (7) are electrically communicated with the control panel (12).

10. A rail milling insert for use in a rail milling apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: including milling wheel (81), milling blade body (82), fixed column (83) and rings (84), the wheel face that mills wheel (81) corresponds the upper surface of rail and is concave setting in, milling wheel (81) tip is run through and is offered interface (811), milling blade body (82) are provided with a plurality ofly, each milling blade body (82) interval is fixed in on the wheel face of milling wheel (81), fixed column (83) are provided with a plurality ofly, each fixed column (83) interval is fixed in on the one side terminal surface of milling wheel (81), rings (84) are provided with a plurality ofly, each rings (84) interval is fixed in on the opposite side terminal surface of milling wheel (81).