CN118007315A - Combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric which is formed by reinforcing a three-layer laminated composite fiber web through spunlacing, wherein the three-layer laminated composite fiber web consists of a first surface layer, a second surface layer and a middle layer positioned between the first surface layer and the second surface layer; the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled hydrophobic fiber layers and are formed by direct lapping; the middle layer is a hydrophilic fiber layer and is formed by air-laying; the first surface layer is substantially perpendicular to the MD direction of the second surface layer; the crimp degree of the crimped hydrophobic fiber is 7-10, and the crimp degree is 15% -20%; the hydrophilic fiber layer is prepared by compounding superfine cellulose fiber with crystallinity of 40-60% and low-melting-point fiber, and the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fiber is 80-95%. The preparation process of the invention does not involve chemical modification and post-finishing procedures, and the process is convenient; the prepared non-woven fabric has good water absorbability, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, wear resistance and durability, and is suitable for wiping articles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, and particularly relates to a combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Nonwoven fabrics are widely used in medical, hygienic and wiping applications. The wiping articles generally require that the nonwoven have good water absorption and soft hand and good mechanical properties. Hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics are widely used for their relatively soft hand and bulk. According to different net forming modes, the spunlaced non-woven fabrics are mainly divided into cross net laying, direct net laying and a new net laying mode between the cross net laying and the direct net laying, namely semi-cross net laying.
The direct lapping, namely parallel lapping, adopts more than 1 carding machine or at least one double doffer carding machine, and the fiber webs are overlapped into a plurality of layers in the output direction, and the fibers in the obtained fiber webs are mainly arranged along the longitudinal direction. The lapping mode has the advantages of less and simple equipment, high production speed and good product uniformity; the disadvantage is that the working width of the carding machine can limit the width of the output web, and the longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratio of the product is large and is generally 3:1-5:1, so that the application of the product is limited.
The cross lapping refers to that the fiber web combed by a carding machine is layered and paved in a Z shape by a cross lapping machine, and is characterized by being suitable for the spunlaced non-woven fabric with higher gram weight, and the aspect strength ratio of the product is obviously improved compared with that of a direct lapping method, namely, the aspect strength ratio is small, and the transverse strength is higher; the disadvantages are poor uniformity of product appearance, slow line speeds, typically less than 100m/min, and the need for complex control systems to modify the cross-sectional profile of the multi-layer web to avoid thin middle and thick edges.
When used in wiping articles, nonwoven fabrics generally need to have the characteristics of rapid water absorption and small difference in longitudinal and transverse strength. And the polypropylene and polyester fibers commonly used in non-woven fabrics have poor water absorbability, and are usually improved to meet the use requirement of quick water absorption. At present, the water absorption performance of the spun-laced non-woven fabric is generally improved through chemical modification, material structural design, after-finishing and other aspects. The chemical modification method generally comprises grafting and copolymerizing hydrophilic groups, or blending with hydrophilic polymers to prepare various composite fibers; the chemical modification method has better effect, but has complex process, poor controllability and low production efficiency. The post-finishing method generally comprises the steps of dipping and spraying related chemical reagents in the post-finishing stage of the non-woven fabric; the after-finishing method is convenient and easy to control, but the stability of the product is poor. The material structure is generally designed into a multi-layer composite structure, different fibers with large hydrophilic difference are designed in different layers, a certain wetting gradient is achieved, and then the quick water absorption performance is realized, but chemical modification is often involved in the fiber raw materials. Namely, the method for realizing the quick water absorption performance of the non-woven fabric in the prior art cannot be compatible with the convenience and durability and stability of the performance, and has the advantages of complex process, low production efficiency or durability and stability of the performance.
The method for improving the small difference of the longitudinal and transverse strength of the non-woven fabric is generally to combine corresponding structural designs through combined lapping, and the combined lapping generally adopts the combination of cross lapping and direct lapping or a multi-layer direct lapping technology. While air-laid can give good bulk and isotropy to the product, the uniformity of the product is poor; when the non-woven fabric formed by combining the non-woven fabric with other lapping modes is used as a wiping article, interlaminar fiber slippage easily occurs in the use process, the strength of the whole fiber layer is reduced, and the wear resistance and the durability are poor. In order to maintain a high strength in the production of a heavy nonwoven fabric for wiping, it is necessary to spray a large amount of binder onto the air-laid fibrous layer and then heat-roll the resultant nonwoven fabric with a heated roll, and the use of a large amount of binder reduces the bulk of the nonwoven fabric. Air-laying is therefore generally used more in dry paper and dust-free paper with lower grammage, so-called pulp air-laying.
CN 202111153900.6 discloses a directly-laid three-carding spunlaced nonwoven fabric, which comprises a first fiber layer, a third fiber layer and a second fiber layer positioned between the first fiber layer and the third fiber layer, wherein the second fiber layer comprises a plurality of fiber areas which are mutually spaced, the first fiber layer and the third fiber layer are hydrophilic fiber structure layers, the second fiber layer is a low-melting-point fiber structure layer, and the second fiber layer is thermally fused at the positions of the plurality of fiber areas and bonds the first fiber layer and the third fiber layer; the second fiber layer which can be bonded by hot melting is arranged between the hydrophilic first fiber layer and the third fiber layer, and fiber raw materials of the second fiber layer are paved at intervals, so that the non-woven fabric can obtain smaller aspect strength ratio without being processed by adopting a cross lapping process, can replace a part of cross lapping products, expands the application range and the field of direct lapping non-woven fabric products, reduces the production cost, and improves the production efficiency and the product quality. The invention adopts a multilayer direct lapping technology, but the fiber raw materials of the second fiber layer are paved at intervals, the process control is complex and tedious, and a specific process method is not provided in the scheme.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a water-jet nonwoven fabric which is convenient in process, high in production efficiency, wear-resistant, durable, and small in longitudinal and transverse strength difference and absorbs water quickly so as to meet the wiping requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above prior art problems, the invention provides a combined lapping spunlaced nonwoven fabric and a preparation method thereof, which realize the spunlaced nonwoven fabric with wear resistance, durability, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference and quick water absorption through the combined use of direct lapping and air-laying and the matching selection of raw material fibers. The preparation process of the invention does not involve chemical modification and post-finishing procedures, and has convenient process and high production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric is formed by reinforcing a three-layer laminated composite fiber web through spunlacing, wherein the three-layer laminated composite fiber web consists of a first surface layer, a second surface layer and an intermediate layer positioned between the first surface layer and the second surface layer; the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled hydrophobic fiber layers and are formed by direct lapping; the middle layer is a hydrophilic fiber layer and is formed by air-laying; the first surface layer is substantially perpendicular to the MD direction of the second surface layer; the crimp degree of the crimped hydrophobic fiber is 7-10, and the crimp degree is 15% -20%; the hydrophilic fiber layer is prepared by compounding superfine cellulose fiber with crystallinity of 40-60% and low-melting-point fiber, and the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fiber is 80-95%.
The curling hydrophobic fiber with the curling degree of 7-10 and the curling degree of 15-20% is used as a surface layer, and is entangled with the fiber in the middle hydrophilic fiber layer during hydroentanglement, so that the uniform moisture-conducting gradient is given to the non-woven fabric while the integral mechanical property of the non-woven fabric is ensured. The superfine cellulose fiber macromolecules are formed by linking beta-D-glucose residues (oxa-rings) with each other through 1, 4-glycoside bonds, and the molecular skeleton is provided with abundant hydroxyl groups, so that the superfine cellulose fiber macromolecules have excellent hydrophilicity, and the oxa-ring structure and the crystallinity of 40-60% enable the cellulose fiber to have moderate rigidity, so that uniform air-laid is realized; the low-melting-point fiber plays a role in adhesion, so that the air-laid middle layer has a certain mechanical strength; the bonding effect and the water-jet reinforcement of the low-melting-point fibers are combined to finally ensure that the non-woven fabric has mechanical strength meeting the use requirement.
Further, the curled hydrophobic fiber is one of curled polyester and curled polypropylene.
Further, the superfine cellulose fiber is at least one of lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp fiber.
Further, the low melting point fibers are fibers that form a molten state bond interlayer at 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Further, the low-melting point fiber is one or more of a low-melting point monocomponent fiber and a low-melting point multicomponent fiber; low melting point monocomponent fibers include, but are not limited to, low melting point polyamide fibers and low melting point polyester fibers; the low-melting point multicomponent fiber has a sheath-core composite structure, a core layer having a high melting point, maintaining a fiber morphology at a temperature of 100 ℃ to 150 ℃, a sheath layer made of low-melting point monocomponent fibers, and a sheath layer having a lower melting point than the core layer, the sheath layer being hot-melted to bond adjacent fibers.
Further, the length of the curled hydrophobic fiber is 40-80mm, and the fineness of the fiber is 1.5-5.0dtex; the length of the superfine cellulose fiber is 5-10mm, the fiber fineness is 0.1-1.0dtex, the fiber of the middle layer is thin and short, and the air-laid uniformity is ensured, and meanwhile, more excellent hydrophilicity is endowed: the length of the low-melting-point fiber is 5-10mm, and the fineness of the fiber is 0.5-2.0dtex.
Further, the substantial perpendicularity is 85-95 ° in the MD direction of the first skin layer and the second skin layer, such as 81 °, 85 °, 89 °, 90 °, 91 °, 92 °.
Further, the gram weights of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are independently 8-15g/m 2, the gram weight of the middle layer is 20-60g/m 2, and the porosity is 70% -85%; the gram weight ratio of the first surface layer to the middle layer to the second surface layer is 1:2-4:1.
Further, the aspect ratio of the combined lapping spunlaced nonwoven is 1.3-1.6:1.
Furthermore, the combined lapping spunlaced nonwoven fabric can be subjected to surface hole rolling and bulge processing, and the hole rolling and bulge processing is well known to those skilled in the art.
The mechanism of the invention is described:
The fiber formed by air flow is output to the net curtain after the high-speed turbine has the high disorder effect, so that the arrangement direction of the fiber is changed from the planar distribution of normal parallel arrangement to three-dimensional arrangement, thereby the isotropy of the product is endowed. The invention utilizes direct lapping and air-laying, the first surface layer and the second surface layer are formed by adopting curled hydrophobic fibers through direct lapping, and good uniformity, wear resistance and hydrophobic performance of the product surface layer are endowed; the middle layer is formed by mixing superfine cellulose fibers and low-melting-point fibers and then forming through air-laying, the superfine cellulose fibers have good water absorbability, the low-melting-point fibers have a bonding effect, and the superfine cellulose fibers and the low-melting-point fibers act together and finally endow a product with good water absorbability and fluffiness through air-laying; after three layers are laminated and compounded, the water-jet nonwoven fabric has good moisture-conducting gradient and differential capillary effect from the hydrophobic surface layer to the hydrophilic middle layer in a vertical plane, and has good quick water absorption performance. However, when the arbitrary curled hydrophobic fiber roll is not used for compounding a surface layer and an arbitrary hydrophilic fiber layer formed by air current, the spun-laced non-woven fabric has the characteristics of good water absorption performance, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, wear resistance, durability and uniform appearance.
The crimped hydrophobic fibers have a crimped structure and impart good hydrophobicity and cotton feeling when used as a surface layer of a nonwoven fabric. However, when the curling degree and the curling rate of the curled hydrophobic fibers are higher, the curled fibers of the surface layer and the hydrophilic fibers of the middle layer are entangled tightly during hydroentanglement, so that a large amount of curled fibers and hydrophilic fibers are accumulated in the middle mixing area, the hydrophobic surface layer and the hydrophilic middle layer become weak, and an effective moisture-conducting gradient cannot be formed; meanwhile, as the entanglement is too tight, the difference of equivalent radiuses of two capillaries formed by the curled hydrophobic fibers and the hydrophilic fibers is small, and the differential capillary effect is affected; this adverse effect on the moisture transport gradient and differential capillary effect in turn deteriorates the water absorption properties of the nonwoven. When the curling degree and the curling rate of the curled hydrophobic fiber are low, the entanglement of the surface layer and the middle layer is too loose, so that the overall mechanical property of the non-woven fabric is poor, the fiber between the layers is easy to slip in the use process, and the wear resistance and the durability are low. Thus the specific degree of crimp and degree of crimp required by the present invention are crimped hydrophobic fibers.
The crystallinity of the crystalline region of the fiber is an important parameter for the structure of the fiber supermolecule. The superfine cellulose fiber has good hydrophilicity, but the problem of uneven netting exists when the middle layer with higher gram weight is formed by air-laying, and the uneven netting affects the overall mechanical property and durability of the product. The crystallinity of the fiber is low, the molecular structural rigidity is low, the thermal stability of the fiber is relatively poor, the fiber is easy to curl and shrink, and fiber bundles are further aggregated, so that the fiber is difficult to open uniformly during air-laying, a uniform fiber layer cannot be formed, further the durability of the product is poor, and particularly when the fiber is ultrafine fiber, uniform laying is more difficult to realize. The crystallinity of the fiber is high, the molecular structural rigidity of the fiber is high, the thermal stability is good, the strength of the fiber is high, but the too high degree affects the overall hydrophilic performance of the fiber, and the intermediate layer of the invention needs to have good hydrophilicity. Accordingly, the present invention requires superfine cellulose fibers of a specific crystallinity.
The inventor finds that only the crimped fiber with the crimp degree of 7-10 and the crimp degree of 15% -20% is used as a first surface layer and a second surface layer after being directly paved; only the superfine cellulose fiber with 40-60% crystallinity is mixed with the low-melting point fiber, and then air-laid is adopted as the middle layer; the three layers are laminated and compounded, and then are subjected to hydro-entangled reinforcement to form the hydro-entangled non-woven fabric which has good water absorption performance, and meanwhile has the characteristics of small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, uniform appearance, wear resistance and durability. Compared with the fiber with high crimping degree and crimping rate, the crimping form of the crimping hydrophobic fiber with the crimping degree of 5-7 and the crimping degree of 15-20% is plane zigzag, and when the middle layer serving as the surface layer and the hydrophilic fiber is reinforced by hydroentanglement, the entangled fiber of the hydrophilic fiber of the middle layer is loosened, so that the content of the crimping fiber is gradually reduced from the hydrophobic surface layer to the hydrophilic middle layer in a vertical plane, the hydrophobic layer, the middle mixing area and the hydrophilic layer are relatively balanced, and the crimping hydrophobic fiber has good moisture guiding gradient and differential capillary effect, so that the hydroentangled non-woven fabric has good quick water absorption capacity. Compared with non-crimped fibers, low-crimp and low-crimp fibers, the entanglement of the crimped hydrophobic fibers with the crimp of 5-7 and the crimp of 15-20% and the superfine hydrophilic fibers of the middle layer is strong and compact, so that slippage of fibers between the layers in the use process can be avoided, good mechanical properties are provided for the spunlaced non-woven fabric, and the requirements of wear resistance and durability are met. In addition, after the superfine cellulose fiber with the crystallinity of 40-60% is mixed with the low-melting-point fiber, the air-laid fiber is used as the middle layer, so that the uniformity of the air-laid fiber and the good hydrophilicity of the middle layer are ensured.
In conclusion, through the combination of direct lapping and air-laid and the selection matching of fiber raw materials, the prepared three-layer laminated composite fiber web is subjected to hydroentanglement to form the non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric has the excellent performances of quick water absorption, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, uniform appearance, wear resistance and durability.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned combined-lapping spunlaced nonwoven fabric, comprising the following steps:
(S1) respectively putting the fiber raw materials of the three fiber net layers into an opener for independent opening, weighing and mixing;
(S2) feeding the opened fiber raw material of the first surface layer into a first carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form the first surface layer;
(S3) the fiber raw material of the intermediate layer after opening is matched with a suction system through a vortex air-laying machine, the fibers on the cylinder are coagulated on a net curtain to form the intermediate layer, and the longitudinal and transverse strength (MD/CD) and the longitudinal and transverse strength ratio of the intermediate layer are adjusted by adjusting the speed of the main cylinder, the speed of a turbine and the coefficient of a suction fan;
(S4) feeding the opened fiber raw material of the second surface layer into a second carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form the second surface layer;
(S5) the first surface layer is short in conveying distance, and is firstly fed into a composite net forming system; feeding the intermediate layer into a net forming system and covering the first surface layer; the second surface layer is then fed into the composite web forming system and is covered on the middle layer in a manner of being substantially perpendicular to the MD direction of the first surface layer, so as to form a three-layer laminated composite fiber web;
(S6) the three-layer laminated composite fiber web in the step (S4) is subjected to water jet, drying and rolling to obtain the quick water absorption combined lapping water jet non-woven fabric.
In the step (S3), the working process of the turbine type air-laying machine matched with the suction system is as follows: fully carding the primarily mixed and opened fiber bundles through a chest cylinder and a main cylinder under reasonable process conditions to form single fibers, and transferring the single fibers to a high-speed turbine through a transfer roller; the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the high-speed turbine lifts the single fibers to float on the surface of the card clothing of the high-speed turbine; when the fiber on the surface of the high-speed turbine contacts the suction wind area, the single fiber generates disorder under the combined action of the rotary airflow, the suction airflow and the air inlet airflow of the high-speed turbine, so that the fiber is changed and disordered; simultaneously, the net curtain adsorbs highly disordered fibers through the air flow of the suction fan, so that a fiber net layer is formed.
Further, in the step (S3), the main cylinder speed is 800-1200m/min, the turbine speed is 4500-5000m/min, and the suction fan coefficient is 65-85%.
Further, in the step (S3), the mesh curtain is a curved mesh curtain, the curved mesh curtain has a larger unfolding area than a plane mesh curtain, the residence time of the local part of the fiber mesh at the airflow suction port is prolonged, the probability of overlapping and condensing the fiber multiple times is high, and the uniformity of the fiber mesh is improved.
Further, in the step (S3), the included angle between the air flow and the mesh curtain is 75-85 °, the included angle is not close to 90 °, the fibers are prevented from being flushed into the meshes, but the degree of the included angle is low, and the mesh formation is uneven.
Further, the hydroentangling pressure in the step (S6) is 4-8MPa, the number of hydroentangling channels is 4-6, and the hydroentangling pressure and the number of channels are important factors for ensuring the hydroentangling effect and the strength of the non-woven fabric.
Further, in the step (S6), the drying temperature is 100 ℃ to 150 ℃, and the low-melting-point fiber of the middle layer is in a molten state at the temperature, so that hydrophilic fiber can be bonded, and the overall strength of the non-woven fabric is further improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) According to the invention, the advantages of direct lapping and air-laying are combined for lapping, the first surface layer and the second surface layer are paved on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer obtained by air-laying in parallel, the surface fiber web gaps formed by air-laying are covered, and the MD direction of the first surface layer and the second surface layer is 90 degrees, so that the advantages of uniform appearance and small longitudinal and transverse strength difference of the non-woven fabric are provided.
2) The invention adopts the superfine cellulose fiber with the crystallinity of 40-60 percent and the low-melting-point fiber to be mixed and then used as the middle layer after being air-laid, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the laying and the good hydrophilicity of the middle layer; the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled hydrophobic fibers with the curling degree of 7-10 and the curling degree of 15% -20%, good cotton softness and hydrophobicity are provided, and fibers of the middle layer are entangled in a proper range during hydroentanglement, so that the hydrophilic middle layer from the hydrophobic surface layer in a vertical plane has good moisture-conducting gradient and differential capillary effect, and the hydroentangled non-woven fabric has good quick water absorption performance; the two are matched with each other and combined to form a combined net, so that the non-woven fabric has the advantages of uniform appearance, wear resistance, durability, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference and quick water absorption.
3) The preparation process of the invention does not involve chemical modification and post-finishing procedures, has convenient process, high production efficiency and durable and stable product performance, and is suitable for wiping cloth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail by means of the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the same. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The crimped polypropylene is selected from Jiangsu Huayang light velvet products limited company, 4.0dtex multiplied by 60mm, the crimp degree is 7.8, and the crimp degree is 16.5%.
The crimping polyester A is selected from Jiangsu Jiangnan high-fiber yarn Co., ltd., 3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 8.3, and the crimping degree is 15.3%.
The crimping polyester B is selected from Jiangsu Jiangnan high-fiber yarn Co., ltd., 3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 11.4, and the crimping degree is 25.8%.
The crimping polyester C is selected from Jiangsu Jiangnan high-fiber yarn Co., ltd., 3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 5.3, and the crimping degree is 13.7%.
The bamboo pulp fiber is selected from Shandong Jiuyan textile Co., ltd, 0.8dtex×6mm, and has crystallinity of 55.2%.
The lyocell fibers were selected from the group consisting of Sidery (Jiangsu) fiber Co., ltd, 0.5dtex 5mm, and 45.7% crystallinity.
The viscose fiber is selected from Jiangsu Xiangsheng viscose fiber Co., ltd, 0.6dtex×8mm, and has a crystallinity of 31.8%.
The low-melting-point fiber is selected from ES fibers of Hebei Jin You new material science and technology Co., ltd, 1.8dtex×8mm, and melting point 130+ -5deg.C.
The crystallinity of the above fibers was measured by Differential Scanning (DSC) method.
Example 1
A quick water absorption combined lapping water thorn non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials:
The fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled polyester A,3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the curling degree is 8.3, and the curling degree is 15.3%;
The middle layer is formed by compounding superfine cellulose fibers and low-melting-point fibers, the superfine cellulose fibers are lyocell fibers, the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fibers is 85%, the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fibers is 0.5dtex multiplied by 5mm, and the crystallinity is 45.7%; the low-melting-point fiber is ES fiber, 1.8dtex multiplied by 8mm, the melting point is 130+ -5 ℃, and the mass ratio is 15%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(S1) opening: the curled polyester A is divided into two parts and viscose fiber is respectively put into an opener for independent opening, weighing and mixing;
(S2) feeding a part of the opened curled polyester A into a first carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form a first surface layer, wherein the number of layers of the net is 1, and the gram weight is 10g/m 2;
(S3) the opened viscose fiber is matched with a suction system through an eddy air-laying machine, the fiber on the cylinder is condensed on a curved net curtain to form an intermediate layer, the main cylinder speed is 1200m/min, the turbine speed is 5000m/min, the suction fan coefficient is 85%, and the included angle between the air flow and the net curtain is 75 °; the grammage of the intermediate layer was 30g/m 2.
(S4) feeding the other part of the opened curled polyester A into a second carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form a second surface layer, wherein the number of layers of the net is 1, and the gram weight is 10g/m 2;
(S5) the first surface layer is short in conveying distance, and is firstly fed into a composite net forming system; feeding the intermediate layer into a net forming system and covering the first surface layer; the second surface layer is then fed into the composite web forming system and is covered on the middle layer in a manner of being substantially 90 ° with the MD direction of the first surface layer to form a three-layer laminated composite fiber web;
(S6) water thorn and drying: and (3) carrying out hydroentanglement reinforcement, drying and coiling on the three-layer laminated composite fiber net in the step (S4) to obtain the quick water absorption combined lapping hydroentangled non-woven fabric, wherein the hydroentangled pressure is 5MPa, the number of hydroentangled channels is 5, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, and finally the hydroentangled non-woven fabric with the total gram weight of 50g/m 2 is prepared, and the aspect strength ratio is 1.4:1.
Example 2
A quick water absorption combined lapping water thorn non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials:
The fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled polypropylene fibers, the curling degree is 7.8, and the curling degree is 16.5%;
The middle layer is formed by compounding superfine cellulose fibers and low-melting-point fibers, the superfine cellulose fibers are bamboo pulp fibers, the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fibers is 85%, the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fibers is 0.8dtex multiplied by 6mm, and the crystallinity is 55.2%; the low-melting-point fiber is ES fiber, 1.8dtex multiplied by 8mm, the melting point is 130+ -5 ℃, and the mass ratio is 15%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(S1) opening: the two-dimensional curled polypropylene is divided into two parts and the bamboo pulp fibers are respectively put into three openers for independent opening, weighing and mixing;
(S2) feeding a part of the two-dimensional curled polypropylene fibers after opening into a first carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form a first surface layer, wherein the number of layers of the net is 1, and the gram weight is 10g/m 2;
(S3) enabling the opened bamboo pulp fibers to pass through an eddy air-laying machine to be matched with a suction system, condensing the fibers on a cylinder onto a curved net curtain to form an intermediate layer, wherein the speed of the main cylinder is 1000m/min, the turbine speed is 4500m/min, the coefficient of a suction fan is 65%, and the included angle between air flow and the net curtain is 85 °; the grammage of the intermediate layer was 30g/m 2.
(S4) feeding the other part of the two-dimensional curled polypropylene fibers after opening into a second carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form a second surface layer, wherein the number of layers of the net is 1, and the gram weight is 10g/m 2;
(S5) the first surface layer is short in conveying distance, and is firstly fed into a composite net forming system; feeding the intermediate layer into a net forming system and covering the first surface layer; the second surface layer is then fed into the composite web forming system and is covered on the middle layer at 90 ° with the MD direction of the first surface layer to form a three-layer laminated composite fiber web;
(S6) water thorn and drying: and (3) carrying out hydroentanglement reinforcement, drying and coiling on the three-layer laminated composite fiber net in the step (S4) to obtain the quick water absorption combined lapping hydroentangled non-woven fabric, wherein the hydroentangled pressure is 7MPa, the number of hydroentangled channels is 4, the drying temperature is 110 ℃, and finally the hydroentangled non-woven fabric with the total gram weight of 50g/m 2 is prepared, and the aspect strength ratio is 1.3:1.
Example 3
The remainder was the same as in example 1, except that the raw materials were different:
The fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are crimped polypropylene fibers, the crimp degree is 7.8, and the crimp degree is 16.5 percent.
Finally, the water-jet nonwoven fabric with the total gram weight of 50g/m 2 is prepared, and the aspect strength ratio is 1.5:1.
Comparative example 1
The remainder was the same as in example 1, except that the raw materials were different:
The fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are crimped terylene B,3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 11.4, and the crimping degree is 25.8%.
Finally, the aspect ratio of the prepared spunlaced non-woven fabric is 1.3:1.
Comparative example 2
The remainder was the same as in example 1, except that the raw materials were different:
the fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are crimped terylene C,3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 5.3, and the crimping degree is 13.7%.
Finally, the aspect ratio of the prepared spunlaced non-woven fabric is 1.4:1.
Comparative example 3
The remainder was the same as in example 1, except that the raw materials were different:
the fibers of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are crimped terylene C,3.0dtex multiplied by 50mm, the crimping degree is 5.3, and the crimping degree is 13.7%.
The superfine cellulose fiber of the middle layer is viscose fiber, 0.6dtex multiplied by 8mm, and the crystallinity is 30.8%.
Finally, the aspect ratio of the prepared spunlaced non-woven fabric is 1.4:1.
Comparative example 4
The rest is the same as in example 1, except that step (S3) in the production method employs a direct-lapping method to produce the second fiber layer. Finally, the water-jet nonwoven fabric with the total gram weight of 50g/m 2 is prepared, and the aspect strength ratio is 3.1:1.
The following performance tests were performed on the spunlaced nonwoven fabrics of the above examples and comparative examples, and the results are shown in table 1.
Liquid penetration time: the measurement was carried out with reference to standard GB/T24218.8.
Breaking strength: the measurement was carried out with reference to GB/T24218.3.
Water absorption rate: the measurement was carried out with reference to GB/T24218.6.
Abrasion resistance: and (3) carrying out a flat grinding experiment on the spunlaced non-woven fabric by adopting a reciprocating flat grinding instrument, and recording the abrasion times.
Table 1 performance test
As can be seen from Table 1, the combined lapping non-woven fabric prepared by the invention has good water absorption, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, wear resistance and durability, and is suitable for wiping articles. The water-entangled nonwoven fabric prepared in comparative example 1 had a slightly inferior quick water absorption; although the spunlaced non-woven fabrics prepared in the comparative examples 2 and 3 have high water absorption rate and small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, the fiber layer is easy to slip and has poor durability; the intermediate layer of comparative example 4 was prepared by direct lapping, and the abrasion resistance was good, but the water absorption property and the longitudinal and transverse strength of the nonwoven fabric were poor. The preparation process of the invention does not involve chemical modification and post-finishing procedures, and has convenient process and high production efficiency.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to one of the possible embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but is to be accorded the full scope of all such equivalents and modifications so as not to depart from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The combined lapping spunlaced non-woven fabric is characterized by being formed by reinforcing a three-layer laminated composite fiber web through spunlacing, wherein the three-layer laminated composite fiber web consists of a first surface layer, a second surface layer and an intermediate layer positioned between the first surface layer and the second surface layer; the first surface layer and the second surface layer are curled hydrophobic fiber layers and are formed by direct lapping; the middle layer is a hydrophilic fiber layer and is formed by air-laying; the first surface layer is substantially perpendicular to the MD direction of the second surface layer; the crimp degree of the crimped hydrophobic fiber is 7-10, and the crimp degree is 15% -20%; the hydrophilic fiber layer is prepared by compounding superfine cellulose fiber with crystallinity of 40-60% and low-melting-point fiber, and the mass ratio of the superfine cellulose fiber is 80-95%.
2. The composite lapping spunlaced nonwoven fabric of claim 1, wherein the crimped hydrophobic fiber is one of crimped polyester and crimped polypropylene; the superfine cellulose fiber is at least one of lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp fiber; the low-melting point fiber is a fiber forming a bonding intermediate layer in a molten state at 100-150 ℃.
3. The composite laid spunlaced nonwoven of claim 2, wherein the low-melt fibers are one or more of low-melt monocomponent fibers and low-melt multicomponent fibers.
4. The composite-laid spunlaced nonwoven fabric of claim 1, wherein the crimped hydrophobic fibers have a length of 40-80mm and a fineness of 1.5-5.0dtex; the length of the superfine cellulose fiber is 5-10mm; the length of the low-melting-point fiber is 5-10mm, and the fineness of the fiber is 0.5-2.0dtex.
5. The composite laid spunlaced nonwoven of claim 1, wherein the substantial perpendicularity is 85-95 ° in the MD direction of the first skin layer and the second skin layer, such as 81 °,85 °, 89 °, 90 °, 91 °, 92 °.
6. The composite laid spunlaced nonwoven of claim 1, wherein the first and second skin layers independently have a grammage of 8-15g/m 2 and the middle layer has a grammage of 20-60g/m 2; the gram weight ratio of the first surface layer to the middle layer to the second surface layer is 1:2-4:1.
7. The composite web-laid spunlaced nonwoven of claim 1, wherein the aspect ratio of the composite web-laid spunlaced nonwoven is 1.3-1.6:1.
8. The method for producing a composite-laid spunlaced nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(S1) respectively putting the fiber raw materials of the three fiber net layers into an opener for independent opening, weighing and mixing;
(S2) feeding the opened fiber raw material of the first surface layer into a first carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form the first surface layer;
(S3) the fiber raw material of the intermediate layer after opening is matched with a suction system through a vortex air-laying machine, the fibers on the cylinder are coagulated on a net curtain to form the intermediate layer, and the longitudinal and transverse strength (MD/CD) and the longitudinal and transverse strength ratio of the intermediate layer are adjusted by adjusting the speed of the main cylinder, the speed of a turbine and the coefficient of a suction fan;
(S4) feeding the opened fiber raw material of the second surface layer into a second carding machine and a parallel lapping machine to form the second surface layer;
(S5) the first surface layer is short in conveying distance, and is firstly fed into a composite net forming system; feeding the intermediate layer into a net forming system and covering the first surface layer; the second surface layer is then fed into the composite web forming system and is covered on the middle layer in a manner of being substantially perpendicular to the MD direction of the first surface layer, so as to form a three-layer laminated composite fiber web;
(S6) the three-layer laminated composite fiber web in the step (S4) is subjected to water jet, drying and rolling to obtain the quick water absorption combined lapping water jet non-woven fabric.
9. The method for producing a composite-laid spunlaced nonwoven fabric according to claim 8, wherein the main cylinder speed in step (S3) is 800-1200m/min, the turbine speed is 4500-5000m/min, and the suction fan coefficient is 65-85%; the net curtain is a curved net curtain; the included angle between the air flow and the net curtain is 75-85 °.
10. The method for producing a composite-laid spunlaced nonwoven fabric according to claim 8, wherein the spunlaced pressure in step (S6) is 4 to 8MPa, and the number of spunlaced lanes is 4 to 6; the drying temperature is 100-150 ℃.
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