CN117980450A - 用于降低沉积物和微粒排放的燃料添加剂 - Google Patents
用于降低沉积物和微粒排放的燃料添加剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117980450A CN117980450A CN202280063802.XA CN202280063802A CN117980450A CN 117980450 A CN117980450 A CN 117980450A CN 202280063802 A CN202280063802 A CN 202280063802A CN 117980450 A CN117980450 A CN 117980450A
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- hydrocarbyl
- fuel composition
- amine
- fuel
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 hydrocarbyl phenol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 17
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 10
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUFBDUDYFHCIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(11-methyldodecoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCOCCCN CUFBDUDYFHCIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTUONMUMVUKYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetrapropylphenol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC(O)=C(CCC)C(CCC)=C1CCC YTUONMUMVUKYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical class ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVFGEIYOLIFSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCCCN DVFGEIYOLIFSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-aminobenzoate Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006079 antiknock agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CREXVNNSNOKDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaniumylideneazanide Chemical group N[N] CREXVNNSNOKDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/183—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
- C10L1/1832—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom mono-hydroxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
- C10L1/2387—Polyoxyalkyleneamines (poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0415—Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
- C10L2200/0423—Gasoline
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0438—Middle or heavy distillates, heating oil, gasoil, marine fuels, residua
- C10L2200/0446—Diesel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
- C10L2300/40—Mixture of four or more components
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
描述了一种燃料组合物。所述组合物含有在汽油或柴油范围内沸腾的基于烃的燃料;载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构(I)的烷基聚乙氧基化物,其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1‑C4烃基基团或C1‑C3醇,其中R1为C4‑C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构(II)的烃基酚,其中R为C4‑C100的烃基基团;由式2即R4‑O‑(CH2)y‑NHR5给出的基于胺的去垢剂,其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及燃料添加剂。更具体地,本公开描述了促进沉积物清洁性能和降低微粒排放的组合物和方法。
背景技术
针对进气道燃料喷射(PFI)汽油发动机开发的传统燃料添加剂通常未优化用于控制直喷火花点火式(DISI)发动机(有时称为直喷式汽油(DIG)发动机或汽油喷射式(GDI)发动机)中沉积物的形成。与PFI发动机不同,DISI发动机将燃料直接送入燃烧室。当燃料直接喷射时,它会立即暴露在高温和高压下。在这种环境下,燃烧产物可积聚在喷射器和喷嘴的外表面和/或内表面上(称为喷射器结垢)。
喷射器喷嘴周围和燃烧室内沉积物的形成可对燃料流速、喷射持续时间和喷雾模式中的一项或多项产生显著的负面影响。这转而可导致排放增加、微粒物(PM)形成增加、燃料经济性降低、功率/性能损失、磨损增加和/或设备寿命缩短。
发明内容
一方面,提供了一种燃料组合物,其包含:i)在汽油或柴油范围内沸腾的基于烃的燃料;ii)载送流体(carrier fluid),所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;
iii)由下式给出的基于胺的去垢剂:
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及iv)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
另一方面,提供了一种用于控制内燃机中碳沉积的方法,其包括:在内燃机中提供燃料,其中所述燃料包含:i)在汽油或柴油范围内沸腾的基于烃的燃料;ii)载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;iii)具有下式的基于胺的去垢剂:
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5,
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及iv)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
另一方面,提供了一种浓缩组合物,其包含:约30重量%至90重量%的在65℃至205℃范围内沸腾的有机溶剂;和约10重量%至70重量%的去垢剂混合物,所述去垢剂混合物包含:
i)载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;ii)由下式给出的基于胺的去垢剂:
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5,
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及iii)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
附图说明
图1A-图1I在实施例部分描述。
具体实施方式
本公开提供了用于改善发动机性能,特别是改善沉积物清洁性能和/或降低微粒排放的组合物和方法。本发明可以有效控制内燃机中的碳沉积。
一般而言,本发明的燃料组合物包含(i)基于烃的燃料,(ii)载送流体,(iii)基于胺的去垢剂,和(iv)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
基于烃的燃料
基于烃的燃料包括汽油和柴油。
汽油燃料是指至少主要含有C4-C12烃的组合物。在一个实施方案中,汽油或汽油沸程组分被进一步定义为是指至少主要含有C4-C12烃并且进一步具有从约37.8℃(100°F)至约204℃(400°F)的沸程的组合物。在替代的实施方案中,汽油被定义为是指至少主要含有C4-C12烃、具有从约37.8℃(100°F)至约204℃(400°F)的沸程,并且被进一步界定为符合ASTM D4814的组合物。
柴油燃料是指至少主要含有C10-C25烃的中间馏分燃料。在一个实施方案中,柴油被进一步定义为是指至少主要含有C10-C25烃,并且进一步具有从约165.6℃(330℉)至约371.1℃(700℉)的沸程的组合物。在替代的实施方案中,柴油如上所定义,是指至少主要含有C10-C25烃、具有从约165.6℃(330℉)至约371.1℃(700℉)的沸程,并且被进一步界定为符合ASTM D975的组合物。
基于烃的燃料按总燃料组合物的重量%计大量存在。在一些实施方案中,基于烃的燃料以约50重量%或更多、55重量%或更多、60重量%或更多、65重量%或更多、70重量%或更多、75重量%或更多、80重量%或更多、85重量%或更多、90重量%或更多、95重量%或更多,或介于约50重量%至100重量%以下的任何范围之间存在。
根据一些实施方案,本发明中采用的汽油可以是清洁燃烧汽油(CBG)。CBG是指硫、芳族化合物和烯烃含量降低的汽油配制物。确切的配制物可因当地法规定义而异。
载送流体
燃料可溶性的非挥发性载送流体(carrier fluid)或油也可以与本公开的化合物一起使用。载送流体是这样的化学惰性的烃可溶性液体媒介物,其明显增加燃料添加剂组合物的非挥发性残留物(NVR)或无溶剂液体级分,同时不会极大地促进辛烷需求值的增加。在一些实施方案中,载送流体是表面活性剂。
本发明的载送流体可以是由以下式1给出的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20。
术语“烃基”是指衍生自烃(包括饱和烃和不饱和烃)的化学基团或部分。烃基的实例包括烯基、烷基、聚烯基、聚烷基、苯基等。烃基基团的具体实例包括丁基、异丙基和聚异丁烯基基团。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的载送流体可以是具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团。烃基酚的具体实例包括四丙烯基酚、PIB酚、丁基酚、辛基酚等。
载送流体可采用的量的范围为烃燃料的35至5000ppm重量(例如燃料的50至3000ppm)。当被用于燃料浓缩物中时,载送流体可以以从20重量%至60重量%(例如,30重量%至50重量%)的量存在。
基于胺的去垢剂
本发明的基于胺的去垢剂(更具体地,直链/支链脂肪族醚胺)由下式表示:
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5
式2
其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数。烃基基团可以是饱和的或不饱和的。在一些实施方案中,烃基基团可以含有一个以上的不饱和键。
作为一个优点,与常规的基于胺的燃料去垢剂(诸如聚异丁烯胺、聚醚胺等)相比,本发明的燃料添加剂可以在相同的处理速率下输送更多的碱性氮。这一特征对决定去垢力很重要。作为另一个优点,本发明添加剂的低分子量以及它们的低分解温度和高挥发性防止添加剂产生有害沉积物。
特别是与本发明相容的例示性脂肪族醚胺包括异十三烷氧基丙胺和2-乙基己氧基丙胺。这些是例示性实例,不旨在限制。
在一些实施方案中,主要燃料添加剂可以基于总燃料组合物以约10ppm至约750ppm(诸如20至700、30至650、50至600、100至500、200至400、250至350等)存在。
含氮去垢剂
本发明的燃料组合物包括一种或多种含氮去垢剂。合适的次要燃料添加剂可分类为脂族烃基取代的胺、烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺、烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺、曼尼希反应(Mannich reaction)产物、聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃、聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的硝基和氨基芳族酯以及含氮化油器/喷射器去垢剂。本文将更详细地描述每一类次要燃料添加剂。
具体而言,本发明采用的脂族烃基取代的胺可以是具有至少一个碱性氮的直链或支链烃基取代的胺,其中烃基基团的数均分子量为约700至3,000。脂族烃基取代的胺的具体实例包括聚异丁烯基胺和聚异丁基胺。这些胺可以衍生为单胺或聚胺。脂族胺的制备通常是已知的,并在以下美国专利中有详细描述:3,438,757号、3,565,804号、3,574,576号、3,848,056号、3,960,515号、4,832,702号和6,203,584号,所有这些专利特此通过引用并入。
具体而言,本发明采用的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺(也称为“聚醚胺”)可以包括烃基聚(氧化烯)胺(单胺或聚胺),其中烃基基团含有约1至约30个碳原子。氧化烯单元的数量可以在约5至约100的范围内。胺部分衍生自氨、伯烷基或仲二烷基单胺或具有末端氨基氮原子的聚胺。氧化烯部分可以是氧化丙烯或氧化丁烯或它们的混合物。烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺在美国专利6,217,624号和美国专利5,112,364号中有描述,这些专利特此通过引用并入。烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)单胺的具体实例包括烷基苯基聚(氧化烯)单胺,其中聚(氧化烯)部分含有氧化丙烯单元或氧化丁烯单元或者氧化丙烯和氧化丁烯单元的混合物。烷基苯基部分上的烷基基团是约1至约24个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。优选的烷基苯基部分是四丙烯基苯基,其中烷基基团是衍生自丙烯四聚体的12个碳原子的支链烷基。
更具体地,另外的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺包括以下美国专利中公开的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)氨基氨基甲酸酯:4,288,612号、4,236,020号、4,160,648号、4,191,537号、4,270,930号、4,233,168号、4,197,409号、4,243,798号和4,881,945号,这些专利特此通过引用并入。这些烃基聚(氧化烯)氨基氨基甲酸酯含有至少一个碱性氮原子且平均分子量为约500至10,000,优选约500至5,000,且更优选约1,000至3,000。优选的氨基氨基甲酸酯是烷基苯基聚(氧丁烯)氨基氨基甲酸酯,其中胺部分衍生自乙二胺或二亚乙基三胺。
具体而言,本发明采用的烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺包括聚烷基和聚烯基琥珀酰亚胺,其中聚烷基或聚烯基基团的平均分子量为约500至5,000,且优选约700至3,000。烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺通常通过使烃基取代的琥珀酸酐与胺或聚胺反应来制备,所述胺或聚胺具有至少一个键合到胺氮原子上的活性氢。优选的烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺包括聚异丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺和聚异丁烷基琥珀酰亚胺及它们的衍生物。烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺在美国专利5,393,309号、5,588,973号、5,620,486号、5,916,825号、5,954,843号、5,993,497号和6,114,542号及英国专利1,486,144号中有描述,所有这些专利特此通过引用并入本文。
具体而言,本发明采用的曼尼希反应产物包括通常由高分子量烷基取代的羟基芳族化合物、含有至少一个活性氢的胺和醛的曼尼希缩合获得的产物。高分子量烷基取代的羟基芳族化合物优选为聚烷基酚,诸如聚丙基酚和聚丁基酚,尤其是聚异丁基酚,其中聚烷基基团的平均分子量为约600至3,000。胺反应物通常是聚胺,诸如亚烷基聚胺,尤其是亚乙基聚胺或聚亚乙基聚胺,例如乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺等,例如1-(2-氨基乙基)哌嗪。醛反应物通常是脂族醛,诸如甲醛(包括多聚甲醛和***)和乙醛。优选的曼尼希反应产物是通过使聚异丁基酚与甲醛和二亚乙基三胺缩合获得的,其中聚异丁基基团的平均分子量为约1,000。适合在本发明中使用的曼尼希反应产物例如在美国专利4,231,759号、美国专利5,697,988和美国专利6,749,651号中有描述,每个专利的公开内容通过引用并入本文。
适合在本发明中使用的另一类去垢剂添加剂是聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃。优选的聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃包括具有下式的那些:
其中R6是平均分子量在约600至5,000范围内的多烷基基团;R7和R8独立地为氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基;并且A是氨基、在烷基基团中具有约1至约20个碳原子的N-烷基氨基、在每个烷基基团中具有约1至约20个碳原子的N,N-二烷基氨基,或具有约2至约12个胺氮原子和约2至约40个碳原子的聚胺部分。上述式3的聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃及其制备在美国专利5,669,939号中有详细描述,该专利特此通过引用并入本文。
根据本发明,某些去垢剂混合物可特别用作次要添加剂。
在一些实施方案中,可以使用聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃和聚(氧化烯)胺的混合物。这些混合物在美国专利5,851,242号中有详细描述,该专利特此通过引用并入。
在一些实施方案中,可以采用聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的硝基和氨基芳族酯的混合物。优选的聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的硝基和氨基芳族酯包括具有下式的那些:
其中:R9为硝基或—(CH2)—NR14R15,其中R14和R15独立地为氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基;R10为氢、羟基、硝基或—NR16R17,其中R16和R17独立地为氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基;R11和R12独立地为氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基;并且R13为平均分子量在约450至5,000范围内的多烷基基团。上述式4所示的聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的芳族酯及其制备在美国专利5,618,320号中有详细描述,该专利特此通过引用并入本文。
本发明也可采用聚烷基苯氧基烷醇和烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺的硝基和氨基芳族酯的混合物。这些混合物在美国专利5,749,929号中有详细描述,该专利特此通过引用并入。可在本发明中用作去垢剂添加剂的优选烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺包括具有下式的那些:
其中:R18是具有约1至约30个碳原子的烃基基团;R19和R20独立地为氢或具有约1至约6个碳原子的低级烷基,并且每个—O—CHR19—CHR20—单元独立于其它—O—CHR19—CHR20—单元;m为约5至约100;B是氨基、在烷基基团中具有约1至约20个碳原子的N-烷基氨基、在每个烷基基团中具有约1至约20个碳原子的N,N-二烷基氨基,或具有约2至约12个胺氮原子和约2至约40个碳原子的聚胺部分;并且m为约5至约100的整数。上述式5的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺及其制备在美国专利6,217,624号中有详细描述,该专利特此通过引用并入。式5的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺优选单独使用或与其它去垢剂添加剂组合使用,特别是与聚烷基苯氧基氨基烷烃或聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的硝基和氨基芳族酯组合使用。更优选地,本发明采用的去垢剂添加剂将是烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺与聚烷基苯氧基烷醇的硝基和氨基芳族酯的组合。特别优选的烃基取代的聚(氧化烯)胺去垢剂添加剂是十二烷基苯氧基聚(氧化丁烯)胺,并且特别优选的去垢剂添加剂组合是十二烷基苯氧基聚(氧化丁烯)胺和对氨基苯甲酸4-聚异丁基苯氧基乙酯的组合。
适合在本发明中使用的另一类去垢剂添加剂包括含氮的化油器/喷射器去垢剂。化油器/喷射器去垢剂添加剂通常是低分子量化合物,其数均分子量为约100至约600,并具有至少一个极性部分和至少一个非极性部分。非极性部分通常是具有约6至约40个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烯基基团。极性部分通常是含氮的。典型的含氮极性部分包括胺(例如,如美国专利5,139,534号和PCT国际公开WO 90/10051号所述)、醚胺(例如,如美国专利3,849,083号和PCT国际公开WO 90/10051号所述)、酰胺、聚酰胺和酰胺酯(例如,如美国专利2,622,018号、4,729,769号和5,139,534号;及欧洲专利公开149,486号所述)、咪唑啉(例如,如美国专利4,518,782号所述)、氧化胺(例如,如美国专利4,810,263号和4,836,829号所述)、羟胺(例如,如美国专利4,409,000号所述)和琥珀酰亚胺(例如,如美国专利4,292,046号所述)。这些参考文献中的每一篇都特此通过引用并入。
每种次要燃料添加剂可以按燃料组合物的重量计以约50ppm至约2500ppm(诸如100至2000、200至1500、300至1000等)存在。更优选地,次要燃料添加剂按燃料组合物的重量计以约50ppm至约1000ppm存在。
其它添加剂
燃料组合物可以包含其它通常已知的燃料添加剂。合适的实例包括但不限于抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、破乳剂、氧合剂、抗爆剂、分散剂和其它去垢剂。在柴油燃料中,可以使用其它众所周知的添加剂,诸如降凝剂、流动改进剂等。
当使用时,前述添加剂中的每一种都以功能有效量使用以赋予燃料组合物期望的特性。一般来讲,除非另外指明,否则当使用时,这些添加剂中的每一种的浓度可以在约0.001重量%至约20重量%、诸如约0.01重量%至约10重量%的范围内。
浓缩物
本公开的化合物可使用在65℃至205℃范围内沸腾的惰性稳定亲油(即,可溶于烃燃料)有机溶剂配制成浓缩物。可使用脂肪族或芳香族的烃溶剂,诸如苯、甲苯、二甲苯,或较高沸点的芳族化合物或芳香族稀释剂。含有2至8个碳原子的脂族醇,诸如乙醇、异丙醇、甲基异丁基甲醇、正丁醇等,与烃溶剂组合也适合与本发明添加剂一起使用。在浓缩物中,添加剂的量可在从10重量%至70重量%的范围内(例如,20重量%至40重量%)。
以下实施例旨在为非限制性的。
实施例
下表1总结了用于测试喷射器结垢和/或沉积物控制性能的添加剂。基础燃料是无添加的汽油组成。
表1
测试是在含直列4缸涡轮增压发动机的2012 2.0L GM LHU上进行的。该测试是一项污染/清洁(Dirty-Up/Clean-Up,DU/CU)测试,其中发动机首先完成100小时的DU段,以产生沉积物并在喷射器上结垢,然后是1箱CU段。
配制物测试:该配制物含有聚醚胺(PEA)、1000ppmw的非离子表面活性剂(表面活性剂A和表面活性剂B)和150ppmw的异十三烷氧基丙胺。表面活性剂A是乙氧基化的(C12-C14)仲醇。表面活性剂B是壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
DU燃料:专业、高硫、E0燃料
DU循环:稳态2000rpm/100Nm
1箱CU燃料:该测试使用PUL E0 49状态无添加剂基础燃料完成。
1箱CU循环:5级循环,包括怠速、低速和负载段以及中速和负载段。由于测试的DU阶段与CU阶段之间燃料和循环条件的变化,我们运行了基础燃料运行,以验证没有添加剂的情况下喷射器没有CU。配制物如表1所示,且图像如图1A-图1I所示。
本文所述的所有文献均以引用方式并入本文,包括任何优先权文献和/或测试程序,只要它们与本文不矛盾。如从前述一般描述和具体实施方案显而易见的,虽然已经例示和描述了本公开的形式,但在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下可进行各种修改。因此,这并不意图本公开因此而受到限制。
为简洁起见,本文仅明确公开某些范围。然而,从任何下限起的范围可与任何上限组合以列举未明确列举的范围,并且从任何下限起的范围可与任何其它下限组合以列举未明确列举的范围,以相同的方式,从任何上限起的范围可与任何其它上限组合以列举未明确列举的范围。此外,在范围内包括该范围的端点之间的每个点或单个值,即使没有明确列举。因此,每个点或单个值可充当其自身的下限或上限来与任何其它点或单个值或者任何其它下限或上限组合,以列举未明确列举的范围。
同样,术语“包含(comprising)”被认为与术语“包括(including)”同义。同样,每当组合物、一个要素或一组要素前面有过渡短语“包含”时,应理解我们也考虑了在组合物、一个要素或多个要素的叙述之前具有过渡短语“基本上由……组成”、“由……组成”、“选自由以下组成的组”或“是”的相同组合物或要素组,反之亦然。
如本文所用的术语“一个/种”和“该/所述”应理解为涵盖复数以及单数。
各种术语已在上文进行了定义。如果权利要求书中使用的术语未在上文定义,则应被给予相关领域的人员已经给予该术语的如在至少一件印刷的出版物或授权的专利中所反映的最广泛定义。此外,本申请中引用的所有专利、测试程序和其它文献在此种公开内容不与本申请冲突的程度上且针对其中允许此种并入的所有司法权限以引用的方式全部并入。
本公开的前述描述说明并描述了本公开。另外,本公开仅显示并描述了优选实施方案,但如上文所提到的,应当理解,本公开能够用于各种其它组合、修改和环境中,并且能够在与上述教导和/或相关领域的技术或知识相称的如本文所表达的概念的范围内进行改变或修改。虽然前述内容针对本公开的实施方案,但可在不脱离本公开的基本范围的情况下设计本公开的其它和此外的实施方案,并且本公开的范围由所附权利要求确定。
应当理解,当公开了要素的组合、子集、组等时(例如,组合物中的组分的组合,或方法中的步骤的组合),虽然可能没有明确地公开对这些要素的各种单独的和集体的组合和排列中的每一者的具体提及,但本文具体地考虑和描述了每一者。
上文所述的实施方案进一步旨在解释实践它的已知最佳模式,并且使本领域的其它技术人员能够在此类或其它实施方案中以及利用特定应用或用途所需的各种修改来利用本公开。因此,本说明书并不旨在将其限制于本文公开的形式。此外,所附权利要求书旨在被解读为包括替代实施方案。
Claims (16)
1.一种燃料组合物,其包含:
i)在汽油或柴油范围内沸腾的基于烃的燃料;
ii)载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20;
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;
iii)具有下式的基于胺的去垢剂,
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5,
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及
iv)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料组合物,其中所述羧基基团是羧酸、酯、酰胺或酮。
3.如权利要求1所述的燃料组合物,其中所述C1-C3醇具有由下式表示的结构
-[CH2]w-OH
其中w为1至3。
4.如权利要求1所述的燃料组合物,其中所述烷基聚乙氧基化物由以下结构表示:
其中每个R22和R23独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中p为1至20,q为1至3,s为1至3,其中q+s<6;并且R21为C1-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团、氨基烷基基团或羟基基团。
5.如权利要求1所述的燃料组合物,其中所述燃料组合物包含约50ppmw至约2000ppmw的所述载送流体。
6.如权利要求1所述的燃料组合物,其中所述燃料组合物包含约100ppmw至750ppmw的所述基于胺的去垢剂。
7.一种用于控制内燃机中碳沉积的方法,其包括:
在所述内燃机中提供燃料,其中所述燃料包含:
i)在汽油或柴油范围内沸腾的基于烃的燃料;
ii)载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚:
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;
iii)具有下式的基于胺的去垢剂,
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5,
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及
iv)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述羧基基团是羧酸、酯、酰胺或酮。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述C1-C3醇具有由下式表示的结构
-[CH2]w-OH
其中w为1至3。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述烷基聚乙氧基化物由以下结构表示:
其中每个R22和R23独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中p为1至20,q为1至3,s为1至3,其中q+s<6;并且R21为C1-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团、氨基烷基基团或羟基基团。
11.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述燃料组合物包含约50ppmw至约2000ppmw的所述载送流体。
12.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述燃料组合物包含约100ppmw至750ppmw的所述基于胺的去垢剂。
13.一种浓缩组合物,其包含:
约30重量%至90重量%的在65℃至205℃范围内沸腾的有机溶剂;
约10重量%至70重量%的去垢剂混合物,所述去垢剂混合物包含:
i)载送流体,所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烷基聚乙氧基化物:
其中每个R2和R3独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中R1为C4-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团或芳族基团,其中x为1至20,
或所述载送流体包含具有以下结构的烃基酚
其中R为C4-C100的烃基基团;
ii)具有下式的基于胺的去垢剂,
R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5,
其中所述基于胺的去垢剂基于所述燃料组合物的总重量计以约10ppm至约750ppm重量存在;其中R4为具有8至20个碳的烃基基团,R5为氢或(CH2)zNH2部分,并且其中y、z独立地是值为2或更大的整数;以及
iii)一种或多种含氮去垢剂。
14.如权利要求13所述的浓缩物,其中所述羧基基团是羧酸、酯、酰胺或酮。
15.如权利要求13所述的浓缩物,其中所述C1-C3醇具有由下式表示的结构
-[CH2]w-OH
其中w为1至3。
16.如权利要求13所述的浓缩物,其中所述烷基聚乙氧基化物由式6表示,
其中每个R22和R23独立地为氢、C1-C4烃基基团或C1-C3醇,其中p为1至20,q为1至3,s为1至3,其中q+s<6;并且R21为C1-C100烃基基团、羧基基团、醚基团、硫醚基团、氨基烷基基团或羟基基团。
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US5954843A (en) | 1998-08-28 | 1999-09-21 | Chevron Chemical Company Llc | Aminocarbamates of polyalkyl or polyalkenyl N-hydroxyalkyl succinimides and fuel compositions containing the same |
US6114542A (en) | 1998-08-28 | 2000-09-05 | Chevron Chemical Company Llc | Ethers of polyalkyl or polyalkenyl N-hydroxyalkyl succinimides and fuel compositions containing the same |
US5916825A (en) | 1998-08-28 | 1999-06-29 | Chevron Chemical Company Llc | Polyisobutanyl succinimides and fuel compositions containing the same |
US6217624B1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2001-04-17 | Chevron Chemical Company Llc | Fuel compositions containing hydrocarbyl-substituted polyoxyalkylene amines |
US6749651B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-06-15 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Fuel additive compositions containing a mannich condensation product, a poly (oxyalkylene) monool, and a carboxylic acid |
US20050268540A1 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2005-12-08 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Fuel additive composition suitable for control and removal of tenacious engine deposits |
-
2022
- 2022-10-06 KR KR1020247011768A patent/KR20240076794A/ko unknown
- 2022-10-06 AU AU2022360878A patent/AU2022360878A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-06 CA CA3233105A patent/CA3233105A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-06 WO PCT/IB2022/059541 patent/WO2023057943A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-10-06 CN CN202280063802.XA patent/CN117980450A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20240076794A (ko) | 2024-05-30 |
WO2023057943A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
CA3233105A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
AU2022360878A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
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