CN117921165A - Titanium steel composite board based on control of nano intermetallic compound layer and welding method thereof - Google Patents
Titanium steel composite board based on control of nano intermetallic compound layer and welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002593 Fe-Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910005438 FeTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a titanium steel composite plate welding method based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer, which comprises the steps of determining welding parameters of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of the friction stir welding of titanium composite plates of the titanium steel composite plate, completing the friction stir welding of the titanium composite plates of the welded titanium steel composite plate according to the determined welding parameters, utilizing flowing cooling water to cool a welding part in the friction stir welding process, and then carrying out consumable electrode gas protection arc welding on a steel base layer of the titanium steel composite plate. The invention inhibits the diffusion of each element at the Fe-Ti interface by determining the welding parameters of the titanium composite layer; by determining the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding, the titanium cladding is prevented from being seriously adhered to the stirring pin, and finally, a flat, smooth and defect-free welding seam surface is obtained; no welding wire is needed to be added, so that the integrity of the titanium cladding material is not damaged; the smooth weld surface exhibits more excellent corrosion resistance in corrosive environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a titanium steel composite board based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer and a welding method thereof.
Background
The titanium steel composite plate combines the characteristics of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical property of carbon steel and low price of pure titanium, and the parts and the devices prepared by the titanium steel composite plate play an important role in the fields of petrifaction, light industry, sea water desalination, salt chemical industry, electric power and the like. As an engineering structural member which can be used for manufacturing work under special environments (high temperature, high pressure and strong corrosion) in industry, the welding of the titanium steel composite plate is indispensable, and the welding of the titanium steel composite plate has become a hot spot for research of material scientists at home and abroad.
In the process of welding the titanium steel composite plate, the mechanical properties of the welded joint are drastically reduced by brittle intermetallic compounds FeTi and Fe2Ti formed at the Fe-Ti interface, so that the main problem of welding the titanium steel composite plate is how to weaken the diffusion reaction of the Fe-Ti interface in the welding process. The main mode of the traditional melting welding titanium steel composite plate comprises the steps of only welding the steel side, and then performing compensating split welding by adding a prefabricated body; the reaction of Fe-Ti interface is restrained by adding a vanadium transition layer, and single-sided friction stir welding is performed; the defects of the separation welding are as follows: the welding in the form of adding the preform still has gaps, the welding process is extremely complex, the welding difficulty and the instability of a welding joint are increased, and the welding is often accompanied by higher heat input, so that the diffusion reaction of elements at the Fe-Ti interface is severe and difficult to control. The vanadium transition layer is added to inhibit the reaction of Fe-Ti interface; the defect of adding the vanadium transition layer is that: some V-Fe brittle compounds and various oxides are generated, resulting in degradation of joint properties. The defects of single-sided friction stir welding are: the violent mutual flow between the two materials is easy to cause, and the reaction between the dissimilar elements is initiated, so that the tensile strength of the joint is only 80% of that of the base material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a titanium steel composite board based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer and a welding method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of complex welding process and poor stability of a welding joint of the titanium steel composite board existing in the prior art, and provide a method for realizing efficient welding of the titanium steel composite board, thereby meeting the requirements of multiple fields.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a titanium steel composite plate welding method based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer, which determines welding parameters of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of titanium composite plate titanium composite layer friction stir welding, the friction stir welding of the titanium cladding of the welded titanium steel composite plate is completed by the determined welding parameters, the welding part is subjected to heat dissipation and cooling by flowing cooling water in the friction stir welding process, and then the titanium steel composite plate steel base layer is subjected to consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding;
The welding parameters include the rotational speed and the welding speed of the stirring pin.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, determining the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of the titanium composite plate titanium composite layer friction stir welding;
step 2, determining a friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and determining the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding according to the determined friction coefficient;
Step 3, fixing the titanium steel composite board on a workbench in a butt joint mode, wherein a titanium composite layer is positioned on the upper layer; determining the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the selected rotation speed and the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed determined in the step 1; determining the parameters of the stirring pin according to the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer determined in the step (2); completing titanium cladding friction stir welding at the determined rotation speed, welding speed and stirring pin to obtain a semi-welded titanium steel composite plate;
In the friction stir welding process, continuously spraying argon to a welding area, and cooling the welding area by using flowing cooling water;
Step 4, fixing the semi-welded titanium steel composite plate on a pure copper backing plate, wherein a steel base layer is positioned on the upper layer; and carrying out gas metal arc welding on the steel base layer.
Further, the peak temperature T in step 1 is 575K to 1155K.
Furthermore, the friction coefficient mu between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin in the step 2 is 0.60-0.80.
Furthermore, the contact area A of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding in the step 2 meets the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the mm 2;
Mu is the friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin;
Mu 0 is the inherent friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and the value is 0.60;
k is an empirical coefficient and takes a value of 3.67-3.74.
Still further, the rotational speed to welding speed ratio is determined by the following equation:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Omega is the rotation speed, and the unit is r/min;
v is the welding speed in mm/min;
n is a first tested coefficient, and the value is 1.33-1.35;
t is the peak temperature in K;
T m is the melting point of titanium, and the unit is K;
a is a second empirical coefficient, and the value is 16.67-16.70.
Still further, the pin parameters in step 3 include a shoulder diameter D, a pin end diameter D 1, a pin length h, and a pin root diameter D 2, and the shoulder diameter D and the pin end diameter D 1 satisfy the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the unit is mm 2;
D is the diameter of the shaft shoulder, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
The length h of the stirring pin and the diameter d 2 of the root of the stirring pin meet the following conditions:
h＝b+0.2
d2＝d1+2
wherein,
H is the length of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
b is the thickness of the titanium multilayer layer, and the unit is mm;
d 2 is the diameter of the root of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm.
Further, the rotation speed in the step 3 is 220-400 r/min, and the flow rate when argon is sprayed is 2.3X10 -3～2.5×10-3m3/s; the cooling water flow rate was 1.5X10 -3～1.7×10-3m3/min.
Furthermore, in the consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding described in the step 4, a carbon steel gas shielded welding wire is adopted, the welding voltage is 30-33V, the welding current is 180-210A, and the wire feeding speed is 2.7-2.8 m/min; the thickness of the pure copper plate is 9-10 mm.
The invention also provides a titanium steel composite board based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer, the titanium steel composite board is manufactured by adopting the welding method, and the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer at the interface of the titanium composite layer and the steel base layer of the titanium steel composite board is smaller than 200nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) According to the method, the diffusion behavior of each element at the Fe-Ti interface is effectively inhibited by determining the welding parameters of the titanium composite layer; by determining the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding, the phenomenon of serious adhesion between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin is avoided, and finally, a flat, smooth and defect-free welding seam surface is obtained; compared with other fusion welding methods, the welding wire is not required to be added, so that the integrity of the titanium cladding material is not damaged; compared with the existing friction stir welding, the smooth weld joint surface shows more excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment.
(2) The method of the invention obtains the welded joint with the intermetallic compound layer thickness smaller than 200nm, and compared with the traditional welding, the method reduces the intermetallic compound layer thickness in the welded joint; compared with the existing titanium steel composite plate welding, the tensile strength of the welding joint reaches 92% of that of a base material, and excellent mechanical properties are shown.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding process of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the surface topography of a titanium clad weld according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure view of a welded joint according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a weld joint engineering stress-strain curve of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a microstructure view of the welded joint of comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is a weld surface topography of a titanium cladding of comparative example 2;
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is:
1-1 parts of titanium composite layers, 1-2 parts of steel base layers, 1-3 parts of water tanks, 1-4 parts of water inlet holes, 1-5 parts of water outlet holes, 1-6 parts of stirring heads, 1-7 parts of argon pipes, 1-8 parts of friction stir welding seams, 1-9 parts of welding directions, 1-10 parts of rotating directions, 1-11 parts of overturning directions, 1-12 parts of pure copper plates, 1-13 parts of nozzles, 1-14 parts of welding wires and 1-15 parts of consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding seams.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
The use of the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," and the like herein indicate or are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of simplicity of description or to indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation.
The raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: the key to improving the mechanical property of the welded joint of the titanium steel composite plate is to reduce the thickness of an intermetallic compound layer, and the diffusion coefficient of Fe and Ti elements is critical to the influence of the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer. Since the diffusion coefficient of Fe element in beta-Ti is 1.34×10 -13m2/s, which is far higher than that of Fe element in alpha-Ti and that of Ti in alpha-Fe, when a certain atomization ratio is reached, fe reacts with Ti to generate brittle intermediate phases FeTi and Fe 2 Ti, resulting in rapid reduction of the performance of the welded joint. Controlling the friction stir welding parameters to enable the peak temperature of the friction stir welding to be lower than the phase transition temperature of Ti so as to inhibit the formation of beta-Ti and weaken the diffusion reaction of Fe-Ti interface; the heat dissipation efficiency is improved through flowing cooling water and a pure copper backing plate, the welding area is prevented from being in a high-temperature environment for a long time, the reaction speed of the Fe-Ti interface at a high temperature is effectively slowed down, and the nanoscale intermetallic compound layer can be obtained. The size of the stirring pin is reasonably selected, so that the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer have low friction coefficient during welding, the phenomenon of material adhesion is avoided, and the corrosion resistance of the surface of the welding seam is improved.
The invention provides a titanium steel composite plate welding method based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer, which comprises the steps of determining welding parameters of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of the friction stir welding of titanium composite plates of the titanium steel composite plate, completing the friction stir welding of the titanium composite plates of the welded titanium steel composite plate according to the determined welding parameters, utilizing flowing cooling water to cool a welding part in the friction stir welding process, and then carrying out consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding on a steel base layer of the titanium steel composite plate;
The welding parameters include the rotational speed and the welding speed of the stirring pin.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
Step 1, determining the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of the titanium composite plate titanium composite layer friction stir welding;
preferably, the rotation speed to welding speed ratio is determined by the following formula:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Omega is the rotation speed, and the unit is r/min;
v is the welding speed in mm/min;
n is a first tested coefficient, and the value is 1.33-1.35;
t is the peak temperature in K;
T m is the melting point of titanium, and the unit is K;
a is a second empirical coefficient, and the value is 16.67-16.70.
Step 2, determining a friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and determining the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding according to the determined friction coefficient;
preferably, the friction coefficient μ between the titanium clad layer and the stirring pin is 0.60 to 0.80.
Preferably, the contact area A of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer meets the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the mm 2;
Mu is the friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin;
Mu 0 is the inherent friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and the value is 0.60;
k is an empirical coefficient and takes a value of 3.67-3.74.
Step 3, fixing the titanium steel composite board on a workbench in a butt joint mode, wherein a titanium composite layer is positioned on the upper layer; determining the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the selected rotation speed and the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed determined in the step 1; determining the parameters of the stirring pin according to the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer determined in the step (2), and further determining the stirring pin; completing titanium cladding friction stir welding at the determined rotation speed, welding speed and stirring pin to obtain a semi-welded titanium steel composite plate;
In the friction stir welding process, continuously spraying argon to a welding area, and cooling the welding area by using flowing cooling water;
Preferably, the stirring pin parameters comprise a shaft shoulder diameter D, a stirring pin end diameter D 1, a stirring pin length h and a stirring pin root diameter D 2, and the shaft shoulder diameter D and the stirring pin end diameter D 1 meet the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the unit is mm 2;
D is the diameter of the shaft shoulder, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
The length h of the stirring pin and the diameter d 2 of the root of the stirring pin meet the following conditions:
h＝b+0.2
d2＝d1+2
wherein,
H is the length of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
b is the thickness of the titanium multilayer layer, and the unit is mm;
d 2 is the diameter of the root of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm.
Preferably, the rotation speed is 220-400 r/min, the welding speed is 40-100 mm/min, and the flow rate when argon is sprayed is 2.3X10 -3～2.5×10-3m3/s; the cooling water flow rate was 1.5X10 -3～1.7×10-3m3/min.
Step 4, fixing the semi-welded titanium steel composite plate on a pure copper backing plate, wherein a steel base layer is positioned on the upper layer; and carrying out gas metal arc welding on the steel base layer.
Preferably, in the consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding, a carbon steel gas shielded welding wire is adopted, the welding voltage is 30-33V, the welding current is 180-210A, the wire feeding speed is 2.7-2.8 m/min, and the thickness of the pure copper plate is 9-10 mm.
The invention also protects a titanium steel composite board based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer, the titanium steel composite board is prepared by adopting the welding method, the interface between the titanium composite layer and the steel base layer of the titanium steel composite board forms the nano intermetallic compound layer, and the thickness of the nano intermetallic compound layer is smaller than 200nm
Example 1
According to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a titanium steel composite plate welding method based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer, the pre-welded titanium steel composite plate in the embodiment is a titanium-Q235B titanium steel composite plate prepared by adopting an explosion-rolling method, the thickness of a titanium composite layer of the titanium steel composite plate is 1mm, and the thickness of a steel base layer is 3mm.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The butt joint surface of the pre-welded titanium steel composite plate is processed to be smooth by a milling machine, and then the cooling liquid remained on the surface is removed by acetone; and fixing the cleaned titanium steel composite board on a workbench in a butt joint mode, wherein the titanium composite layer is positioned on the upper layer.
In the embodiment, the welding peak temperature is 1155K, the first experience coefficient n is 1.33, the second experience coefficient a is 16.69, and the rotation speed is 220r/min and the welding speed is 40mm/min; the friction coefficient is 0.74, the empirical coefficient k is 3.71, the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer is 37.69mm 2, a round table-shaped stirring head made of W-Re alloy is selected, and the parameters of the stirring head are determined as follows: the length of the stirring pin is 1.2mm, the diameter of the shaft shoulder is 12mm, the diameter of the root of the stirring pin is 4mm, and the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin is 2mm;
(2) And (3) finishing the titanium cladding friction stir welding to obtain a semi-welded titanium steel composite plate, continuously spraying argon to a welding area in the welding process, and cooling the welding area by using flowing cooling water, wherein the flow rate of the cooling water is 1.5X10 -3m3/min, and the flow rate of the argon sprayed is 2.3X10 -3m3/s.
(3) After removing welding flash, polishing the titanium composite layer with sand paper to be smooth, and then turning over and fixing the semi-welded titanium steel composite plate on a pure copper plate with the thickness of 9mm to enable the Q235B steel base layer to be positioned on the upper layer; and carrying out consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding on the Q235B steel base layer, wherein the welding wire is DHQ50-6 carbon steel gas shielded welding wire, the welding voltage is 30V, the welding current is 180A, and the wire feeding speed is 2.7m/min.
According to detection, in the embodiment, the thickness of the nano intermetallic compound layer formed at the interface of the titanium composite layer and the steel base layer is 185nm, and the tensile strength of the welding joint is 481mPa and reaches 92% of the base material.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present embodiment completes the effective connection of the titanium steel composite board, and finally the titanium steel composite board based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer is manufactured. The surface of the titanium composite layer of the prepared titanium steel composite plate is bright, has no oxidation and is not adhered to the hair of the stirring machine.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is identical to the procedure of the welding method of example 1, except that: the rotation speed of friction stir welding of the titanium clad layer is 500r/min, and the heat input is too high, so that Fe is a beta stable element and rapidly diffuses to the Ti side, the titanium clad layer is beta-Ti, and the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer is more than 10 mu m.
Example 2
The method for welding the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer disclosed in the embodiment is the same as the method disclosed in the embodiment 1 in steps, and the difference is that: the thickness of the titanium composite layer is 1.2mm, and the thickness of the steel base layer is 3.5mm; the flow rate of the cooling water is 1.6X10 -3m3/min; argon flow rate is 2.4X10 -3m3/s; the friction coefficient is 0.75, the empirical coefficient k is 3.68, the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer is 39.60mm 2, the length of the stirring pin is 1.4mm, the root diameter of the stirring pin is 6mm, and the end diameter of the stirring pin is 4mm; taking 1.34 as a first experience coefficient n and 16.68 as a second experience coefficient a, and calculating to obtain the rotation speed of friction stir welding of 350r/min and the welding speed of 80mm/min; the welding current for consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding was 190A.
The embodiment completes the effective connection of the pre-welded titanium steel composite board, and finally the titanium steel composite board based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer is manufactured. The surface of the titanium composite layer of the prepared titanium steel composite plate is bright, has no oxidation and is not adhered to the hair of the stirring machine.
According to detection, in the embodiment, the thickness of the nano intermetallic compound layer formed at the interface of the titanium composite layer and the steel base layer is 179 mu m, and the tensile strength of the welded joint is 455mPa and reaches 87% of the parent metal.
Comparative example 2
The method for welding the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer disclosed in the embodiment is the same as the method disclosed in the embodiment 2, and the difference is that: the length of the stirring pin is 1.5mm, the diameter of the shaft shoulder is 15mm, the diameter of the root of the stirring pin is 6mm, and the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin is 4mm.
As shown in fig. 6, the surface of the welded joint finally produced in this comparative example was rough, mainly because the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium clad layer was 60.26mm 2, resulting in an increase in friction coefficient to 0.82, resulting in difficulty in separation of the two during relative movement, and representing a severe adhesion phenomenon between the stirring pin and the titanium clad layer.
Example 3
The method for welding the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer disclosed in the embodiment is the same as the method disclosed in the embodiment 1 in steps, and the difference is that: the thickness of the titanium composite layer is 1.3mm, and the thickness of the steel base layer is 4mm; the flow rate of the cooling water is 1.7X10 -3m3/min; argon flow rate is 2.5X10 -3m3/s; the friction coefficient is 0.75, the empirical coefficient k is 3.72, the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer is calculated to be 40.01mm 2, the length of the stirring pin is 1.5mm, the diameter of the root part of the stirring pin is 6mm, and the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin is 4mm; taking 1.35 as a first experience coefficient n and 16.67 as a second experience coefficient a, and calculating to obtain the rotation speed of 400r/min and the welding speed of 100mm/min; the welding voltage was 33V, the welding current was 210A, and the wire feed speed was 2.8m/min.
The embodiment completes the effective connection of the pre-welded titanium steel composite board, and finally the titanium steel composite board based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer is manufactured. The surface of the titanium composite layer of the prepared titanium steel composite plate is bright, has no oxidation and is not adhered to the hair of the stirring machine.
According to detection, in the embodiment, the thickness of the nano intermetallic compound layer formed at the interface of the titanium composite layer and the steel base layer is 187 mu m, and the tensile strength of the welded joint is 471mPa and reaches 90% of the base material.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example adopts a single-sided friction stir welding technology, wherein a titanium composite layer is positioned on the upper layer, and the titanium-Q235B titanium steel composite plate prepared by the explosion-rolling method used in the example 1 is welded, so that the effective connection of the titanium steel composite plate is finally realized, and the tensile strength of a welded joint only reaches 80% of that of a base metal.
It can be seen from examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 that:
The titanium steel composite board welded joint prepared by the method controls the thickness of the brittle intermetallic compound layer to be in the nanometer level on the basis of ensuring that the titanium composite layer is complete, smooth and defect-free. The welding joint not only has excellent corrosion resistance, but also has excellent tensile property, and high-quality connection of the titanium steel composite plate is realized.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method is characterized in that the welding parameters of friction stir welding are determined according to the peak temperature of the friction stir welding of the titanium composite plate, the friction stir welding of the titanium composite plate is completed according to the determined welding parameters, the welding part is subjected to heat dissipation and cooling by flowing cooling water in the friction stir welding process, and then the titanium composite plate steel base layer is subjected to consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding;
The welding parameters comprise the rotation speed and the welding speed of the stirring pin.
2. The method for welding a titanium steel composite plate based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
Step 1, determining the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the peak temperature of the titanium composite plate titanium composite layer friction stir welding;
step 2, determining a friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and determining the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium cladding according to the determined friction coefficient;
Step 3, fixing the titanium steel composite board on a workbench in a butt joint mode, wherein a titanium composite layer is positioned on the upper layer; determining the welding speed of friction stir welding according to the selected rotation speed and the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed determined in the step 1; determining the parameters of the stirring pin according to the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer determined in the step (2), and further determining the stirring pin; completing titanium cladding friction stir welding at the determined rotation speed, welding speed and stirring pin to obtain a semi-welded titanium steel composite plate;
In the friction stir welding process, continuously spraying argon to a welding area, and cooling the welding area by using flowing cooling water;
Step 4, fixing the semi-welded titanium steel composite plate on a pure copper backing plate, wherein a steel base layer is positioned on the upper layer; and carrying out gas metal arc welding on the steel base layer.
3. The method for welding the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein the peak temperature T in the step 1 is 575K-1155K.
4. The welding method of the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein the friction coefficient mu between the titanium composite layer and the stirring pin in the step 2 is 0.60-0.80.
5. The welding method of the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein the contact area A of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer in the step 2 meets the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the mm 2;
Mu is the friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin;
Mu 0 is the inherent friction coefficient between the titanium cladding and the stirring pin, and the value is 0.60;
k is an empirical coefficient and takes a value of 3.67-3.74.
6. The method for welding a titanium steel composite plate based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the rotation speed to the welding speed in step 1 is determined by the following formula:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Omega is the rotation speed, and the unit is r/min;
v is the welding speed in mm/min;
n is a first tested coefficient, and the value is 1.33-1.35;
t is the peak temperature in K;
T m is the melting point of titanium, and the unit is K;
a is a second empirical coefficient, and the value is 16.67-16.70.
7. The method for welding a titanium steel composite plate based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein the stirring pin parameters in step 3 include a shaft shoulder diameter D, a stirring pin end diameter D 1, a stirring pin length h and a stirring pin root diameter D 2, and the shaft shoulder diameter D and the stirring pin end diameter D 1 satisfy the following conditions:
wherein,
A is the contact area of the stirring pin and the titanium composite layer, and the unit is mm 2;
D is the diameter of the shaft shoulder, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end part of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
The length h of the stirring pin and the diameter d 2 of the root of the stirring pin meet the following conditions:
h＝b+0.2
d2＝d1+2
wherein,
H is the length of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
b is the thickness of the titanium multilayer layer, and the unit is mm;
d 2 is the diameter of the root of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm;
d 1 is the diameter of the end of the stirring pin, and the unit is mm.
8. The welding method of the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the rotation speed is 220-400 r/min, and the flow rate when argon is sprayed is 2.3×10 -3～2.5×10-3m3/s; the cooling water flow rate was 1.5X10 -3～1.7×10-3m3/min.
9. The method for welding the titanium steel composite plate based on the control of the nano intermetallic compound layer according to claim 2, wherein in the gas shielded arc welding of the consumable electrode in the step 4, a carbon steel gas shielded welding wire is adopted, the welding voltage is 30-33V, the welding current is 180-210A, the wire feeding speed is 2.7-2.8 m/min, and the thickness of the pure copper plate is 9-10 mm.
10. A titanium steel composite board based on control of a nano intermetallic compound layer, which is characterized in that the titanium steel composite board is manufactured by adopting the welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a nano intermetallic compound layer is formed at the interface of a titanium composite layer and a steel base layer of the titanium steel composite board, and the thickness of the nano intermetallic compound layer is less than 200nm.
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