CN117845303A - Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece - Google Patents

Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117845303A
CN117845303A CN202311866367.7A CN202311866367A CN117845303A CN 117845303 A CN117845303 A CN 117845303A CN 202311866367 A CN202311866367 A CN 202311866367A CN 117845303 A CN117845303 A CN 117845303A
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China
Prior art keywords
metal piece
plate
tank body
treated
power supply
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CN202311866367.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王林通
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Shanghai Wingtech Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Wingtech Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311866367.7A priority Critical patent/CN117845303A/en
Publication of CN117845303A publication Critical patent/CN117845303A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
    • C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a metal piece surface treatment device, a metal piece surface treatment method and a metal piece. The metal piece surface treatment device comprises: the device comprises a first groove body, a first metal part to be treated and at least one first cathode plate, wherein the first groove body is internally provided with the metal part to be treated and the first cathode plate in parallel; the first tank body is internally provided with a tank liquid, and the tank liquid comprises fluoride and acid salt; the positive electrode end of the first power supply is connected with the metal piece to be treated, and the negative electrode end of the first power supply is connected with at least one first cathode plate; the bath solution is used for carrying out oxidation film forming treatment on the metal piece to be treated in the power-on state, or/and the bath solution is used for carrying out corrosion treatment on the metal piece to be treated in the power-off state. The roughness of the surface layer of the metal piece obtained by the metal piece surface treatment device is more uniform, the investment of equipment and manpower is reduced, the treatment time is shortened, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

Description

Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of surface treatment of metal materials, and in particular, to a surface treatment device and a surface treatment method for a metal part, and a metal part.
Background
The current aluminum and aluminum alloy anode process in the market is a substrate mechanical sand blasting process and an anodic oxidation process. Firstly, punching or precision machining (CNC) is carried out on an aluminum alloy base material to obtain a base type; then manually or mechanically polishing to remove the defects of the basic appearance so that the surface of the base material is smooth and consistent; and finally, mechanically sand blasting (iron sand, zirconium sand, silicon carbide, walnut sand and the like) is carried out on the polished base material, so that a layer of sand effect with consistent roughness is formed on the original smooth surface of the base material. And transferring the base material subjected to the treatment to an anodic oxidation process for anodic processing. The mode of current mechanical sandblast can lead to equipment and the input cost of manpower too high, and can have the sand fog leak outward when mechanical sandblast, causes operational environment pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing drawbacks or shortcomings in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a metal piece surface treatment apparatus, a metal piece surface treatment method, and a metal piece.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a surface treatment apparatus for a metal piece, including:
the device comprises a first groove body, a first metal part to be treated and at least one first cathode plate, wherein the first groove body is internally provided with the metal part to be treated and the first cathode plate in parallel; the first tank body is internally provided with a tank liquid, and the tank liquid comprises fluoride and acid salt;
the positive electrode end of the first power supply is connected with the metal piece to be treated, and the negative electrode end of the first power supply is connected with at least one first cathode plate;
the bath solution is used for carrying out oxidation film forming treatment on the metal piece to be treated in the power-on state, or/and the bath solution is used for carrying out corrosion treatment on the metal piece to be treated in the power-off state.
Preferably, the fluoride comprises ammonium fluoride or/and fluoroboric acid; the acid salt comprises: at least one of sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
Preferably, the metal piece to be treated is an aluminum alloy plate, an aluminum plate, a stainless steel plate or a titanium alloy plate; the first cathode plate is a graphite plate.
Preferably, the metal piece to be treated is positioned at the middle position of the first groove body,
the first cathode plate is positioned at the side wall position of the first groove body, or at least part of the first cathode plate is positioned at two opposite side wall positions of the first groove body.
Preferably, the metal piece surface treatment device further includes:
the side wall bottom of the second groove body is communicated with the side wall bottom of the first groove wall, and the side wall upper part of the second groove body is communicated with the side wall upper part of the first groove body; at least one second cathode plate and at least one anode plate are arranged in the second groove body, and the second cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel; wherein the second tank body comprises tank liquor and metal impurities in the first tank body;
the positive end of the second power supply is connected with the anode plate, and the negative end of the second power supply is connected with the second cathode plate; the metal impurities in the second groove body are used for being adsorbed on the second cathode plate under the action of the second power supply.
Preferably, the second cathode plate is an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate; the anode plate is a graphite plate.
Preferably, the second cathode plate is located at the middle position of the second tank body, and the anode plate is located at the side wall position of the second tank body;
or the second cathode plate is positioned at the side wall of the second tank body, and the anode plate is positioned at the middle position of the second tank body.
Preferably, at least part of the second cathode plate is located at two opposite side walls of the second tank.
Preferably, the anode plate is sleeved with an anode bag.
Preferably, the metal piece surface treatment device further comprises a filter, and the upper part of the side wall of the second groove body is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the first groove body through the filter.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for treating a surface of a metal part, including:
turning on a first power supply, and forming an oxide film on the surface of a metal piece to be treated in a first tank body under the action of tank liquor;
and cutting off the first power supply, and corroding the oxide film of the metal piece to be treated in the anodic oxidation solution to form a rough surface on the surface of the metal piece to be treated.
Preferably, the temperature in the first tank is 40 to 60 ℃.
Preferably, the total concentration of fluoride and acid salt in the tank solution is 10-200 g/L.
Preferably, the current density of the first power supply is 10-15A/dm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The energizing time of the first power supply is 60-180 s.
Preferably, the oxide film has a thickness of 1 to 3. Mu.m.
Preferably, the first power supply is turned on, and at the same time, a second power supply is turned on, and a second cathode plate in the second tank body is used for adsorbing metal impurities generated in the first tank body under the action of the second power supply, and returning the tank liquor after removing the metal impurities to the first tank body.
Preferably, the current density of the second power supply is 1-3A/dm 2 。
Preferably, before the tank solution from which the metal impurities are removed is returned to the first tank body, the impurities in the second tank body are filtered by a filter, and the filtered tank solution is returned to the first tank body.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a metal part, where the metal part is obtained by using the metal part surface treatment device according to any embodiment of the present application, or is obtained by using the metal part surface treatment method according to any embodiment of the present application.
According to the metal piece surface treatment device, the metal piece surface treatment method and the metal piece, chemical reaction of the metal piece to be treated and acid salt and electrochemical film forming characteristics of the metal piece to be treated in an acidic environment are utilized, the metal piece to be treated, which is originally smooth in surface layer or has smaller roughness, is placed in a groove liquid containing fluoride and acid salt, the metal piece to be treated is used as an anode plate, a graphite plate is used as a cathode plate, and after a certain period of electricity is conducted, a layer of compact microporous film layer is formed on the surface of the metal piece to be treated; then, the metal piece to be treated with the microporous film layer is subjected to uniform microetching in an acid salt solution after power failure, so that the metal piece with consistent surface roughness can be obtained.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram of a metal part before being processed according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a metal part according to an embodiment of the present disclosure after anodic oxidation and corrosion;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of a surface treatment apparatus for a metal piece according to an embodiment of the present application;
in fig. 1-3 above: 1a first tank body; 11 a metal piece to be treated; a first cathode plate member; 2a first power supply; 3, a second groove body; 31 a second cathode plate; 32 anode plate members; 4 a second power supply; 5a filter.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only a portion related to the present invention is shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is to be interpreted as an open, inclusive meaning, i.e. "comprising, but not limited to, unless the context requires otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The current market aluminum and aluminum alloy anode process is as follows: firstly, carrying out mechanical sand blasting treatment and anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum and aluminum alloy base materials, so that rough surfaces are formed on the aluminum and aluminum alloy base materials. Among them, mechanical blasting has the following problems: 1) The equipment investment is large, the cost is high, special sand blasting equipment is needed for mechanical sand blasting, different sand effects cannot be sprayed on the same equipment at the same time, the replacement of sand and cleaning are troublesome, the timeliness is poor, and therefore, more equipment is needed; 2) The labor and bad cost are increased, the mechanical sand blasting feeding and receiving materials cannot be replaced mechanically, manual operation is needed, the labor cost is increased, the sand blasted materials are deformed, manual shaping and repacking turnover are needed, the procedures are complicated, and the bad probability is increased; 3) The working environment pollution is big, and there is the sand fog leak during mechanical sandblast, can harm operating personnel's health and cause the pollution of surrounding environment, and the iron sand still can bring into anodic oxidation process, pollutes and influences water plating bath liquid and product quality.
To solve the above problem, referring to fig. 3, in a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a surface treatment apparatus for a metal piece, including:
a first tank body 1, wherein a metal piece 11 to be treated and at least one first cathode plate 12 are arranged in the first tank body 1, and the metal piece 11 to be treated and the first cathode plate 12 are arranged in parallel; a tank liquid is filled in the first tank body 1, and the tank liquid comprises fluoride and acid salt;
a first power supply 2, wherein the positive end of the first power supply 2 is connected with the metal piece 11 to be processed, and the negative end of the first power supply 2 is connected with at least one first cathode plate 12;
the bath solution is used for carrying out oxidation film forming treatment on the metal piece 11 to be treated in the power-on state, or/and the bath solution is used for carrying out corrosion treatment on the metal piece 11 to be treated in the power-off state.
The metal surface treatment device provided by the embodiment of the application is used for treating the surface of a metal piece according to the following principle: the method comprises the steps of placing a metal piece 11 to be treated (shown in figure 1) with a smooth surface layer or smaller roughness in a groove liquid containing fluoride and acid salt by utilizing the chemical reaction of the metal piece 11 to be treated and acid salt and the electrochemical film forming characteristic of the metal piece 11 to be treated in an acid environment, taking the metal piece 11 to be treated as an anode plate, taking a graphite plate as a cathode plate, electrifying, and quickly forming a compact microporous film layer on the surface of the metal piece 11 to be treated after electrifying for a certain time; then, the metal piece 11 to be treated having a microporous film layer is uniformly microetched in an acid salt solution by power-off, and a metal piece with uniform surface roughness can be obtained (as shown in fig. 2).
In the example, the metal surface treatment device is used for replacing mechanical sand blasting equipment to treat the surface of the metal piece 11, so that the problems of high equipment and labor cost, large environmental pollution and complicated working procedures caused by a mechanical sand blasting mode can be avoided, and the metal surface treatment device is used for carrying out anodic oxidation and corrosion on the surface of the metal piece 11, so that the roughness of the surface layer of the finally obtained metal piece is more uniform, the investment of equipment and labor is reduced, the treatment time is shortened, the treatment efficiency is improved, and the sand blasting and oxidation integrated water plating process of the surface of the metal piece 11 to be treated is realized.
Specifically, the bath solution in the first bath body 1, the first cathode plate 12, the metal piece 11 to be treated and the first power supply 2 together form an anodic oxidation device, which is used for performing anodic oxidation on the metal piece 11 to be treated to form an oxide film when the power is on, and corroding the oxide film of the metal piece 11 to be treated after the power is off, so that the surface layer of the metal piece forms sand effect with certain roughness.
The first tank 1 is made of insulating material, such as non-conductive plastic material. The size and shape of the first tank body 1 can be adjusted according to the shape of the metal piece 11 to be processed, for example, the first tank body 1 can be designed in plurality in advance, the sizes and shapes of the first tank bodies 1 are different, and the first tank body 1 with the corresponding size is selected to carry out anodic oxidation and corrosion on the metal piece 11 to be processed according to the size and shape of the metal piece 11 to be processed. For another example, the first tank body 1 is formed by a bottom plate and four side plates, a rectangular cavity is formed by surrounding the bottom plate and the four side plates, an insulating sleeve is arranged in the rectangular cavity, the shape of the insulating sleeve can be adaptively adjusted along with the shape of the rectangular cavity, one side plate can slide relatively along the bottom plate, so that rectangular cavities with different sizes are formed, and the slidable side plate can slide to a corresponding position according to the size of the metal piece 11 to be processed, so as to adapt to the metal piece 11 to be processed with the corresponding size.
The first power supply 2 may be a direct current power supply, a high frequency direct power supply, or an alternating current power supply, and converts alternating current supplied by the alternating current power supply into direct current by using a rectifier. It will be appreciated that the first power source 2 is an adjustable power source, the voltage, current density, etc. of which are adjustable.
In some embodiments, the fluoride comprises ammonium fluoride or/and fluoroboric acid; the acid salt comprises: at least one of sodium chloride, sodium bisulfate and potassium chloride.
Specifically, the fluoride is an inert substance, and when the surface layer of the metal piece 11 to be treated forms an uneven rough surface, the fluoride dissolves the convex part of the rough surface faster than the concave part of the rough surface, thereby playing a role in leveling the surface layer of the metal piece 11 to be treated. The metal piece 11 to be treated can react with acid salt to generate an oxide film, and the oxide film can be corroded in the acid salt, so that the surface of the metal piece 11 to be treated forms a surface layer with uniform roughness.
In this embodiment, the tank solution includes fluoride and acid salt, where the ratio of fluoride to acid salt can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. The ratio of fluoride to acid salt is adjusted to meet the requirements of metal parts with different roughness of the surface layers. Wherein the fluoride can be ammonium fluoride, or fluoroboric acid, or a combination of both; the acid salt can be at least one of sodium chloride, sodium bisulfate and potassium chloride, such as sodium bisulfate, sodium bisulfate and potassium chloride, etc.
In some embodiments, the metal piece 11 to be treated is an aluminum alloy plate, an aluminum plate, a stainless steel plate, or a titanium alloy plate; the first cathode plate 12 is a graphite plate.
Specifically, the metal piece 11 to be treated is used as an anode plate and is connected with the positive electrode end of the first power supply 2, the graphite plate is used as a first cathode plate 12 and is connected with the negative electrode end of the first power supply 2, and when the first power supply 2 is turned on, the metal piece 11 to be treated reacts with the bath solution to form a microporous membrane layer; when the first power supply 2 is disconnected, the formed film reacts with acid salt in the bath solution to corrode the formed film, and finally the surface of the metal part 11 to be treated forms a micro rough matte surface layer.
In some embodiments, the metal piece 11 to be treated is located at the middle position of the first tank body 1,
the first cathode plate 12 is located at a side wall position of the first tank body 1, or at least a part of the first cathode plate 12 is located at two opposite side wall positions of the first tank body 1.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the relative positions of the metal piece 11 to be processed and the first cathode plate 12 may have various layout manners, and the number of the first cathode plate 12 is at least 1. Illustratively, when the number of the first cathode plate members 12 is 1, the metal member 11 to be processed and the first cathode plate members 12 are respectively located at two opposite side wall positions of the first tank body 1; alternatively, the metal piece 11 to be treated is located at the middle position of the first tank body 1, and the first cathode plate 12 is located at one side wall position of the first tank body 1. When the number of the first cathode plates 12 is 2, the metal piece 11 to be treated is located at the middle position of the first tank body 1, and the two first cathode plates 12 are respectively located at two opposite side wall positions of the first tank body 1, in this case, under the action of the first power supply 2, the two side surfaces of the metal piece 11 to be treated can be oxidized simultaneously, so that oxide films with consistent thickness are formed on the two sides of the metal piece 11 to be treated.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the metal piece surface treatment apparatus further comprises:
the bottom of the side wall of the second groove body 3 is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the first groove wall, and the upper part of the side wall of the second groove body 3 is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the first groove body 1; at least one second cathode plate 31 and at least one anode plate 32 are arranged in the second tank body 3, and the second cathode plate 31 and the anode plate 32 are arranged in parallel; wherein the second tank body 3 comprises tank liquor and metal impurities in the first tank body 1;
a second power supply 4, wherein the positive end of the second power supply 4 is connected with the anode plate 32, and the negative end of the second power supply 4 is connected with the second cathode plate 31; wherein, the metal impurities in the second tank 3 are used for being adsorbed on the second cathode plate 31 under the action of the second power source 4.
Specifically, the bottoms of the side walls of the first tank body 1 and the second tank body 3 are communicated, so that the tank liquid in the first tank body 1 and the metal impurities generated after the reaction can flow to the second tank body 3. The second power supply 4, the second tank body 3, a second cathode plate 31 and an anode plate 32 which are arranged in the second tank body 3, and tank liquor of the second tank body 3 together form an electrolytic device, wherein the second cathode plate 31 is an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate; the anode plate 32 is a graphite plate, the positive electrode of the second power supply 4 is connected with the anode plate 32, and the negative electrode of the second power supply 4 is connected with the second cathode plate 31. The electrolytic device is used for adsorbing metal impurities generated after the reaction in the first tank body 1, the metal impurities move towards one side of the second cathode plate 31 under the action of the second power supply 4 and are adsorbed on the second cathode plate 31, and the metal ions and impurities generated in the first tank body 1 can be removed well and the specific gravity in the first tank body 1 can be regulated by periodically replacing the second cathode plate 31. The upper part of the side wall of the second tank body 3 is communicated with the side wall of the first tank body 1, so that the tank liquor after the metal impurities are removed in the second tank body 3 can be returned to the first tank body 1 for recycling, and the utilization efficiency of the tank liquor is improved.
The specific gravity refers to the specific gravity of fluoride, acid salt, metal ions and the like in the first tank body 1, and the metal ions in the first tank body 1 are adsorbed by the second cathode plate 31 of the second tank body 3, so that the specific gravity and the process stability in the first tank body 1 are maintained.
The second tank 3 is made of an insulating material, such as a non-conductive plastic material. The size and shape of the second groove body 3 can be adjusted according to the shape of the second cathode plate 31, for example, the second groove body 3 can be designed in plurality in advance, the shapes and the sizes of the second groove bodies 3 are different, and the second groove body 3 with the corresponding size is selected for anodic oxidation and corrosion according to the shape and the size of the second cathode plate 31. For another example, the second groove body 3 is formed by a bottom plate and four side plates, a rectangular cavity is enclosed between the bottom plate and the four side plates, an insulating sleeve is arranged in the rectangular cavity, the shape of the insulating sleeve can be adaptively adjusted along with the shape of the rectangular cavity, one side plate can slide relatively along the bottom plate, so that rectangular cavities with different sizes are formed, and the slidable side plate can slide to a corresponding position according to the size of the second cathode plate 31, so as to adapt to the second cathode plate 31 with the corresponding size.
The second power supply 4 may be a direct current power supply, a high frequency direct power supply, or an alternating current power supply, and converts alternating current supplied by the alternating current power supply into direct current by using a rectifier. It can be understood that the second power source 4 is an adjustable power source, and the voltage, current density, etc. of the second power source 4 are adjustable, and the second power source 4 is used for providing a stable voltage of the weak electrolysis device, so as to ensure that the second cathode plate 31 stably adsorbs metal ions.
In some embodiments, the second cathode plate 31 is located at a middle position of the second tank 3, and the anode plate 32 is located at a side wall position of the second tank 3;
alternatively, the second cathode plate 31 is located at a side wall of the second tank 3, and the anode plate 32 is located at an intermediate position of the second tank 3.
Specifically, the relative positional relationship between the second cathode plate 31 and the anode plate 32 in the second slot body 3 may have various layout manners, the number of the second cathode plate 31 may be more than 1, and the number of the anode plate 32 may be more than 1, which may be set by those skilled in the art according to actual requirements. For example, when the number of the second cathode plate members 31 is 1 and the number of the anode plate members 32 is 1, the anode plate members 32 and the second cathode plate members 31 are respectively located at two opposite side wall positions of the second tank body 3, in which case, metal impurities may be adsorbed at one side of the second cathode plate members 31; alternatively, the second cathode plate member 31 is located at the intermediate position of the second tank body 3, and the anode plate member 32 is located at one side wall position of the second tank body 3, in which case the side of the second cathode plate member 31 close to the anode plate member 32 has a stronger adsorption force for metal impurities than the other side. For another example, when the number of the second cathode plates 31 is 1 and the number of the anode plates 32 is 2, the second cathode plates 31 can be located at the middle position of the second tank body 3, and the two anode plates 32 are respectively located at two opposite side wall positions of the second tank body 3, so that the two sides of the second cathode plates 31 can adsorb metal impurities at the same time, and the treatment efficiency of the impurities is higher.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second cathode plate 31 is located at two opposite side wall positions of the second tank 3.
Specifically, when the number of the second cathode plate members 31 is plural, the plural second cathode plate members 31 can simultaneously remove the metal impurities in the second tank body 3, thereby further improving the removal efficiency of the metal impurities. For example, if the number of the second cathode plates 31 is 2, the anode plates 32 may be located at two opposite side wall positions of the second tank 3, and the two second cathode plates 31 are disposed in parallel and between the two anode plates 32, then the two second cathode plates 31 simultaneously remove metal impurities in the second tank 3.
In some embodiments, the anode plate 32 is provided with an anode pouch.
Specifically, when the anode plate 32 is a graphite plate, since the graphite plate is a material formed by compounding graphite with a carbon content of 99.9% through the processes of high-pressure forming, vacuum impregnation and the like, the surface of the graphite plate is in a microporous state and has a certain adsorptivity, and organic matters and metal impurities in the second tank 3 can be adsorbed when no reaction (no operation) occurs, so that the effect of the anode plate 32 during operation is reduced. By providing the anode bag over the anode plate 32, it is possible to prevent organic matters, metal impurities, and the like from being adsorbed on the anode plate 32 when the anode plate 32 is not in operation. The anode bag can be a layer of anode protection bag with the thickness of 5 mu m sleeved on the graphite plate.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the metal piece surface treatment apparatus further includes a filter 5, and the upper side wall portion of the second tank 3 communicates with the upper side wall portion of the first tank 1 through the filter 5.
Specifically, although the electrolytic device constituted by the second tank 3 and the like can effectively remove the metal impurities generated in the first tank 1, complete and thorough removal cannot be achieved. In this embodiment, through setting up filter 5 can filter impurity such as copper, iron in the second cell body 3 and dust, guarantee back to the cell juice in the first cell body 1 as far as is required composition, improve the anodic oxidation efficiency and the corrosion effect of waiting to handle metalwork 11 in the first cell body 1.
It should be noted that, the inlet of filter 5 is linked together with the liquid outlet on the upper portion of the lateral wall of second cell body 3, and the liquid outlet of filter 5 is linked together with the inlet on the upper portion of the lateral wall of first cell body 1, and the position of the inlet of filter 5 is less than the liquid outlet position of second cell body 3, and the liquid outlet position of filter 5 is less than the liquid inlet position of first cell body 1, guarantees that filter 5 can be fine get rid of the metallic impurity of second cell body 3 to the cell liquid after will getting rid of metallic impurity returns first cell body 1 and carries out cyclic utilization.
It can be understood that the first stop valve can be arranged on the pipeline which is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the first tank body 1 and the bottom of the side wall of the second tank body 3, and is used for controlling whether the bottoms of the first tank body 1 and the second tank body 3 are communicated or not, so that the first tank body 1 and the second tank body 3 can be controlled to work simultaneously or work separately and independently. The second stop valve can be arranged on the pipeline which is communicated with the filter 5 at the upper part of the side wall of the first tank body 1 and is used for controlling whether the upper part of the side wall of the first tank body 1 is communicated with the upper part of the second tank body 3, and the first tank body 1 and the second tank body 3 can be controlled to work simultaneously or independently through the cooperation of the first stop valve and the second stop valve.
The filter 5 itself has a pumping unit for filtering the tank liquid in the second tank 3 and returning the filtered tank liquid to the first tank 1. The filter 5 has a 5 μm membrane, filtering out substances larger than 5 μm, and returning filtrate smaller than 5 μm to the first tank 1. In the embodiment of the application, other sizes of filter membranes can be used for filtering treatment.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for treating a surface of a metal part, including:
turning on a first power supply 2, and forming an oxide film on the surface of a metal part 11 to be treated in a first tank body 1 under the action of tank liquor;
the first power supply 2 is disconnected, and the oxide film of the metal piece 11 to be treated is corroded in the anodic oxidation solution, so that a rough surface is formed on the surface of the metal piece 11 to be treated.
Illustratively, when the metal piece 11 to be treated is an aluminum alloy sheet, the aluminum alloy sheet includes copper (Cu), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), etc., and the firstA cathode plate 12 is made of graphite plate, and when an aluminum alloy plate (anode plate) is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the first power source 2 and the graphite plate is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the first power source 2, sodium bisulfate (NaHSO) is contained in the bath solution 4 ) And ammonium fluoride, turning on the first power supply 2, and dissolving the copper lost electrons into bivalent copper ions Cu-2e=Cu in the electrolytic process of the aluminum alloy plate 2+ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Iron loses electrons and dissolves into ferrous ions Fe-2e=fe 2+ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Aluminum loses electrons to dissolve trivalent aluminum ions Al-3e=al 3+ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Therefore, metal ion impurities such as copper ions, ferrous ions, and aluminum ions are generated in the second tank body 3; at the same time, the anode plate side aluminum is oxidized to an aluminum oxide film 2AL+3H 2 O→AL 2 O 3 +6H + +6e - 。
When the first power supply 2 is turned off, the aluminum oxide film formed on the anode plate side reacts with the acid salt by corrosion reaction AL 2 O 3 +6NaHSO 4 ＝Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 +3H 2 O+3Na 2 SO 4 ，AL 2 O 3 +6H + ＝2Al 3+ +3H 2 O, hydrolysis reaction 6H occurs at the first cathode plate side 2 O+6e-→3H 2 ↑+6OH - 。
In the embodiment of the application, according to different types of the metal piece 11 to be treated, the temperature in the first tank body 1 is 40-60 ℃ according to the effective reaction area of the metal piece 11 to be treated, the overall concentration of fluoride and acid salt in the liquid in the first tank body 1 is 10-200 g/L, and the current density of the first power supply 2 is 10-15A/dm 2 The energizing time of the first power supply 2 is 60-180 s; the thickness of the surface oxide film on the metal piece 11 to be treated can be adjusted to be 1-3 mu m by adjusting the temperature of the first tank body 1, the concentration of fluoride and acid salt in the tank liquid, the current density of the first power supply 2 and the energizing time of the first power supply 2. It can be understood that, in the case where the same oxide film thickness is reached, the larger the current density of the first power supply 2, the shorter the corresponding energization time; the smaller the current density of the first power supply 2, the longer the corresponding energizing time.
After the first power supply 2 is powered off, the power-off time of the second power supply 4 is controlled according to the roughness required by the surface layer of the metal piece 11 to be treated, namely, the longer the time that the metal piece with the oxide film is soaked in the groove liquid in the first groove body 1 after power-off, the matt and roughness of the surface layer of the metal piece are.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the application, the corresponding first tank body 1 is selected according to the size of the metal piece 11 to be processed for operation, and the sand effect with different surface roughness and glossiness can be obtained by controlling the concentration, temperature and operation time of fluoride and acid salt, and the sand effect is perfectly combined with the traditional processes of anodic oxidation and the like after alkali etching and neutralization in the original process flow. The metal piece finally obtained has a roughness of 3-100 μm.
In some embodiments, the second power supply 4 is turned on while the first power supply 2 is turned on, and the second cathode plate 31 in the second tank 3 is used for adsorbing the metal impurities generated in the first tank 1 under the action of the second power supply 4, and returning the tank solution after removing the metal impurities to the first tank 1.
Specifically, when the first power supply 2 is turned on, the second power supply 4 is turned on, that is, the metal piece 11 to be treated is oxidized to form a film, and metal ions such as copper ions, ferrous ions, copper ions and the like in the second tank body 3 are adsorbed on the second cathode plate 31, so that the specific gravity in the first tank body 1 can be maintained, and the stability of the process can be maintained. The current density of the second power supply 4 is 1-3A/dm 2 The greater the current density of the second power supply 4, the greater the adsorption capacity of impurities such as metal ions, and the like, and the actual adjustment and control is required in accordance with the size of the area of the second cathode plate 31 and the stability of the specific gravity at the time of production. In this example, when the current density of the second power supply 4 exceeds 3A/dm 2 When the temperature of the tank liquid in the second tank body 3 is too high, the temperature of the tank liquid in the first tank body 1 is affected; when the current density of the second power supply 4 is less than 1A/dm 2 In this case, the metal ions are weak in their ability to treat, and the byproducts in the first tank 1 accumulate.
When the first power supply 2 is turned on, if the specific gravity of impurities such as metal ions in the first tank 1 is low, the second power supply 4 may not be turned on first; and when the specific gravity of the plurality of first tank bodies 1 reaches the preset specific gravity, the second power supply 4 is turned on to remove metal ions.
It is understood that when the first power source 2 is turned off, the first power source 2 may be turned off or turned on, and those skilled in the art may set the power source according to actual requirements.
When the second power source 4 is turned off, the high temperature reaction equation of the power failure of the anode plate 32 is: C+2CuO→2Cu+CO 2 ∈ (copper precipitation); 3C+2Fe 2 O 3 →4Fe+3CO 2 ∈ (iron precipitation); equation of reaction at the cathode: cu (Cu) 2+ +2e→Cu；Fe 2+ +2e→fe. Since impurities such as copper and iron deposited affect the specific gravity of the bath in the first bath 1, these impurities need to be removed by the filter 5.
In some embodiments, before the tank solution after removing the metal impurities is returned to the first tank body 1, the impurities in the second tank body 3 are filtered by using a filter 5, and the filtered tank solution is returned to the first tank body 11.
Specifically, impurities in the tank liquid in the second tank 11 can be further removed by the filter 5, and the quality of the tank liquid in the first tank 11 can be improved.
In some embodiments, before the metal impurity-removed tank solution is returned to the first tank body 1, the metal impurity-removed tank solution is further filtered by a filter 5, and the filtered tank solution is returned to the first tank body 1.
Specifically, impurities such as dust and metal ions exist in the tank liquid of the second tank body 3, and the impurities are removed by the filter 5, so that the tank liquid returned into the first tank body 1 meets the oxidation and corrosion requirements of the metal piece 11 to be treated.
In this embodiment, the method for analyzing and supplementing the tank solution in the first tank body 1 includes:
pre-filtering the tank liquor in the first tank body 1 by filter paper (model No. 5C) to obtain filtrate;
fine-taking 10mL of the filtrate into a conical beaker by a pipette, and adding 100mL of pure water;
adding 2-3 drops of methyl red, fully stirring, and titrating with 1N sodium hydroxide standard solution;
titration endpoint: the color of the solution changes from red to yellow;
and (3) calculating: concentration of fluoride and acid salt in the bath solution g/l=9.3×a×f (a: titration mL number of 1N sodium hydroxide standard solution; F: coefficient of 1N sodium hydroxide standard solution droplet quantification);
the replenishment and the bath liquid update are carried out according to the finished state of the product, if the surface roughness is obvious, 1/3-1/2 bath liquid is updated, the bath liquid is stopped for more than 30 minutes in advance during the update, the bath liquid in the first bath body 1 is transferred to another container from top to bottom, the bath liquid at the rest bath bottom in the container is removed while stirring, sediment is removed, and then the new bath liquid is added. Wherein, the obvious judgment basis of the surface roughness is as follows: if the roughness of the metal piece 11 to be treated is greater than that of the standard metal piece, compared with that of the standard metal piece, the surface roughness of the metal piece 11 to be treated is considered to be remarkable.
It should be noted that, before the oxidation process is performed on the metal piece 11 to be treated in the embodiment of the present application, the following process may be further performed:
selecting aluminum and aluminum alloy substrate structural members, and eliminating sand blasting after normal stamping-CNC-polishing treatment; hanging the polished structural member on a titanium alloy hanger, wherein the hanging points are required to be uniformly distributed (uniform in electric conduction and good in uniformity of sand effect of electrochemical treatment on the surface); degreasing and deoiling the hung product, and performing nitric acid treatment of 20-30% after the deoiling treatment to ensure that foreign matters such as oil stains and wax on the surface are clean (according to the traditional process); and (3) carrying out electrochemical anodic oxidation and corrosion treatment on the product with the clean surface subjected to oil and dirt removal treatment.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a metal part, where the metal part is obtained by using the metal part surface treatment device according to any embodiment of the present application, or is obtained by using the metal part surface treatment method according to any embodiment of the present application.
Specifically, the metal piece with preset roughness obtained by the embodiment of the application can be used in the fields of mobile phones, pen-powered devices and intelligent wearing, can also be used in the fields of household appliances, aviation, automobile electronics and the like, and endows the structural component with a performance decoration function.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (10)

1. A metal piece surface treatment device, characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a first tank body (1), wherein a metal piece (11) to be treated and at least one first cathode plate (12) are arranged in the first tank body (1), and the metal piece (11) to be treated and the first cathode plate (12) are arranged in parallel; a tank liquid is assembled in the first tank body (1), and the tank liquid comprises fluoride and acid salt;
the positive end of the first power supply (2) is connected with the metal piece (11) to be treated, and the negative end of the first power supply (2) is connected with at least one first cathode plate (12);
the bath solution is used for carrying out oxidation film forming treatment on the metal piece (11) to be treated in an electrified state, or/and the bath solution is used for carrying out corrosion treatment on the metal piece (11) to be treated in a power-off state.
2. The metal piece surface treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the metal piece (11) to be treated is an aluminum alloy plate, an aluminum plate, a stainless steel plate or a titanium alloy plate; the first cathode plate (12) is a graphite plate.
3. The device for treating the surface of a metal piece according to claim 1, wherein the metal piece (11) to be treated is positioned at the middle position of the first groove body (1),
the first cathode plate (12) is located at the side wall position of the first tank body (1), or at least part of the first cathode plate (12) is located at two opposite side wall positions of the first tank body (1).
4. A metal piece surface treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
the side wall bottom of the second groove body (3) is communicated with the side wall bottom of the first groove wall, and the side wall upper part of the second groove body (3) is communicated with the side wall upper part of the first groove body (1); at least one second cathode plate (31) and at least one anode plate (32) are arranged in the second groove body (3), and the second cathode plate (31) and the anode plate (32) are arranged in parallel; wherein the second tank body (3) comprises tank liquor and metal impurities in the first tank body (1);
a second power supply (4), wherein the positive end of the second power supply (4) is connected with the anode plate (32), and the negative end of the second power supply (4) is connected with the second cathode plate (31); wherein, metal impurities in the second groove body (3) are used for being adsorbed on the second cathode plate (31) under the action of the second power supply (4).
5. A metal piece surface treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the second cathode plate (31) is an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate; the anode plate (32) is a graphite plate.
6. A metal piece surface treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that the second cathode plate (31) is located at a middle position of the second tank body (3), and the anode plate (32) is located at a side wall position of the second tank body (3);
or, the second cathode plate (31) is positioned at the side wall of the second tank body (3), and the anode plate (32) is positioned at the middle position of the second tank body (3).
7. The surface treatment device for metal pieces according to claim 4, wherein the anode plate (32) is provided with an anode bag.
8. The metal piece surface treatment device according to claim 4, further comprising a filter (5), wherein an upper side wall portion of the second tank body (3) communicates with an upper side wall portion of the first tank body (1) through the filter (5).
9. A method for treating a surface of a metal part, comprising:
turning on a first power supply (2), and forming an oxide film on the surface of a metal piece (11) to be treated in a first tank body (1) under the action of tank liquor;
and switching off the first power supply (2), and corroding an oxide film of the metal piece (11) to be treated in the anodic oxidation solution to form a rough surface on the surface of the metal piece (11) to be treated.
10. A metal piece, characterized in that the metal piece is obtained by treatment with the metal piece surface treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or by the metal piece surface treatment method according to claim 9.
CN202311866367.7A 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece Pending CN117845303A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311866367.7A CN117845303A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311866367.7A CN117845303A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Metal piece surface treatment device, treatment method and metal piece

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117845303A true CN117845303A (en) 2024-04-09

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