CN117844716A - Microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of microbial agents; the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 10-15 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 10-15 parts of bacillus coagulans, 5-8 parts of saccharomycetes, 5-8 parts of pseudomonas putida, 6-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of actinomycetes nigricans powder, 3-5 parts of white rot fungi and 3-5 parts of bacillus natto. The microbial agent provided by the invention is suitable for being used in a low-temperature state, can quickly promote the rise of the composting temperature within 24 hours, can obviously shorten the fermentation starting time in a low-temperature environment, accelerates the composting fermentation process, has high temperature, and is beneficial to killing harmful organisms in livestock and poultry manure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agent preparation, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Composting is one of the main methods of harmless and resource utilization of livestock manure. With the large-scale and intensive development of the breeding industry, the generation of the livestock manure is greatly concentrated, and the in-situ digestion is difficult to realize by the traditional composting and returning mode, and huge pressure is caused to the surrounding environment, so that the livestock manure is converted into the commercial organic fertilizer or the higher-value bio-organic fertilizer, the circulation and application range of the converted product is enlarged, and the method becomes an effective way for relieving the problem.
The microbial composting fermentation method is a common harmless treatment method for livestock manure with low investment and high benefit. The traditional composting method mainly uses indigenous microorganisms in materials to decompose organic matters, and the participating microorganism groups mainly comprise bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. Due to the limited variety and quantity of indigenous microorganisms and the limitation of fermentation process conditions, a series of problems of long fermentation period, low fertilizer efficiency of fermentation products and the like exist, so that the large-scale application of the fermentation products is limited. In this regard, most of the methods for inoculating exogenous microbial agents into materials are currently adopted to improve the fermentation efficiency.
The composting has very strict requirements on temperature, most of the composting needs higher temperature, the external environment temperature has larger influence on the internal temperature of the composting body, particularly when composting in winter, the composting body can not rise temperature and stops the composting operation due to the excessively low external environment temperature, the prior art solves the problems by adjusting the strain types, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN112195136A discloses a microbial agent for quickly rising the temperature of the composting body at low temperature, which comprises the following components: the microbial agent disclosed by the invention is added with the chemolithotrophic bacteria, the psychrophilic bacteria and the acetococcus on the basis of the conventional microbial agents of the low-temperature compost quick-acting microbial agents, so that the quick-acting time of farmyard manure can be obviously improved, and the farmyard manure can be quickly improved to more than 35 ℃ within 24 hours at a low temperature lower than-20 ℃, and can be improved to more than 60 ℃ within 36 hours, but the organic matter conversion rate and the stability in the compost are unknown, so that the microbial agent for improving the organic matter conversion of the compost under the low-temperature condition needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the microbial agent for improving the conversion of the organic matters in the compost and the preparation method thereof, and in order to solve the problem of difficult temperature rise of low-temperature compost, the invention provides the microbial agent which is applicable to the low-temperature state, can quickly promote the temperature rise of the compost within 24 hours, can obviously shorten the fermentation starting time in the low-temperature environment, accelerates the fermentation process of the compost and has high temperature, thereby being beneficial to killing harmful organisms in the livestock manure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost, which comprises a composite warming bacterial liquid, a composite auxiliary composition and a matrix.
Preferably, the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 10-15 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 10-15 parts of bacillus coagulans, 5-8 parts of saccharomycetes, 5-8 parts of pseudomonas putida, 6-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of actinomycetes nigricans powder, 3-5 parts of white rot fungi and 3-5 parts of bacillus natto.
The bacillus licheniformis, the thermophilic side spore mold and the bacillus coagulans have the rapid heating effect, the thermophilic side spore mold belongs to typical high-temperature fiber decomposition strains, the temperature of manure can be rapidly increased, and cellulase can be secreted in a large amount at high temperature, so that organic matters such as livestock manure and the like are rapidly decomposed into organic matters, and other substances which can be directly absorbed by plants are formed by utilizing the organic matters.
The bacillus subtilis, the actinomycetes nigricans powder and the white rot fungi can produce various enzymes such as cellulase, protease, pectase and the like, can degrade various insoluble organic matters in the feces to generate various nutrient molecules, and are beneficial to mineralization of the organic matters.
Further, the number of the viable bacteria of the microbial inoculum in the composite temperature-rising bacteria liquid is 1-1.2X10 9 cfu·g -1 。
Preferably, the composite auxiliary composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; 1-2 parts of ammoxidation lignin; 0.5-2 parts of malic acid;
the preparation method of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product comprises perforating activated Phellinus linteus with a puncher, inoculating into CYM liquid culture medium, culturing in shaking table at 150rpm and 28deg.C for 5-10 days, and filtering with 0.45 μm filter to obtain Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product.
Preferably, the substrate is prepared from corn straw and rice husk according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Further, the moisture content of the corn stalk and the rice hull is 5-10%.
Further, the mass ratio of the composite warming bacterial liquid to the composite auxiliary composition to the matrix is (5-10): (1-2): (30-35).
Further, the preparation method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Strain culture: respectively inoculating bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, bacillus coagulans, saccharomycetes, pseudomonas putida, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces rubrum powder, white rot fungi and bacillus natto into respective basic solid culture mediums for culture;
(2) Preparing bacterial liquid: inoculating the strains in the step (1) to respective basic liquid culture mediums by inclined planes respectively for independent culture to obtain bacterial solutions of the strains, inoculating the bacterial solutions into a fermentation culture medium for culture, and mixing the bacterial solutions in proportion after fermentation to obtain composite temperature-raising bacterial solutions;
(3) And (3) preparing a microbial agent: and (3) after the number of the viable bacteria is detected to be qualified, adding the composite auxiliary composition, mixing, drying and spraying powder by using a spray powder spraying drying tower, and then uniformly stirring with a substrate.
Wherein the fermentation temperature is regulated according to the characteristics of the strain, the viable count reaches the qualification, the fermentation temperature is generally 28-45 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36-72 hours.
The invention also discloses application of the microbial agent in treating livestock and poultry manure, wherein the application comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking livestock and poultry manure, adding 15% by volume of agricultural waste into the livestock and poultry manure, and uniformly mixing;
(2) Adjusting the total moisture content of the material to about 55%;
(3) Weighing microbial agent, adding 10 times of corn stalk powder and rice husk into the microbial agent in advance, mixing and stirring the mixture and diluting the mixture;
(4) Uniformly stirring the mixed materials by using a batch stirrer, and piling the mixed materials into long piles with the width and the height of one meter;
(5) After the temperature of the pile reaches 50 ℃, the pile is turned for the 1 st time, so that the materials are uniform, and ventilation and oxygen ventilation are realized. And turning and stirring the pile according to the pile temperature condition, turning the pile for one time in 2-3 days generally, and controlling the temperature below 75 ℃.
Wherein the inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 1-5wt%.
Wherein the water content of the livestock manure is 50-60%.
Wherein the agricultural waste is selected from one or more of straw, stubble, weed, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines and the like.
Wherein the livestock manure is one selected from chicken manure, cow manure, duck manure and pig manure, and is not limited in the invention.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
(1) The microbial agent prepared by the invention is suitable for being used in a low-temperature state, can quickly promote the rise of the composting temperature within 24 hours, can obviously shorten the fermentation starting time in a low-temperature environment, accelerates the composting fermentation process and has high temperature, thereby being beneficial to killing harmful organisms in livestock and poultry manure;
(2) The composite temperature-rising bacterial liquid can promote the temperature rising, strengthen the organic matter reduction value and promote the organic matter conversion;
(3) In the composting process, the organic matters decomposed in the composting process are promoted to be oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms in the heap, and more humus containing oxygen-containing functional groups such as phenolic groups, carboxyl functional groups and the like is synthesized;
(4) The microbial agent provided by the invention can be suitable for different composting processes, the compost obtained by treatment meets the requirements of the excrement innocent department (GB 7959-1987), the harmless sanitary requirement can be considered to be met, and the microbial agent prepared by the invention adopts the traditional strain, is simple and easy to obtain, and is easy to prepare;
(5) Phellinus linteus mycelium is rich in flavone, isoquercitrin, rutin, colchicoside, quercetin and sakurin, has good cooperation with the composite warming bacterial liquid, and participates in the fermentation process of compost together, probably because active substances of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product have promotion effect on the growth of flora.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a temperature test during use of a microbial inoculant compost to enhance the conversion of organic matter from the compost;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a pH measurement in use of a microbial inoculant compost to enhance organic matter conversion in the compost;
FIG. 3 shows the change of organic matters in the use of microbial agent composting for improving the conversion of organic matters of the compost;
FIG. 4 shows the results of a test for seed germination rate in use of microbial inoculant compost to enhance organic matter conversion in the compost.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the present invention. The preferred methods and materials described herein are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the test materials and test strains used in the examples described below, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from conventional commercial sources. Wherein the bacillus licheniformis is bacillus licheniformis CICC 10092; the thermophilic side spore mold is thermophilic side spore mold CICC 2440; the actinomycetes nigricans powder is purchased from the medical biotechnology limited company, and other strains are common strains purchased through commercial channels.
Example 1
Microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and preparation method thereof
The invention provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost, which comprises a composite warming bacterial liquid, a composite auxiliary composition and a matrix, wherein the mass ratio of the composite warming bacterial liquid to the composite auxiliary composition to the matrix is 5:1:30. the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 10 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 10 parts of bacillus coagulans, 5 parts of saccharomycetes, 5 parts of pseudomonas putida, 6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of actinomyces rubrum powder, 3 parts of white rot fungi and 3 parts of bacillus natto, wherein the number of the live bacteria of the microbial inoculum in the composite warming bacterial liquid is 1-1.2 multiplied by 10 9 cfu·g -1 。
The composite auxiliary composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; 1 part of ammoxidation lignin; malic acid 0.5 part; the preparation method of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product comprises perforating activated Phellinus linteus with a puncher, inoculating into CYM liquid culture medium, culturing in shaking table at 150rpm and 28deg.C for 10 days, and filtering with 0.45 μm filter to obtain Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; the matrix is prepared from corn straw and rice husk according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the water content of the corn straw and the rice husk is 5-10%.
The preparation method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Strain culture: respectively inoculating bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, bacillus coagulans, saccharomycetes, pseudomonas putida, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces rubrum powder, white rot fungi and bacillus natto into respective basic solid culture mediums for culture;
(2) Preparing bacterial liquid: inoculating the strains in the step (1) to respective basic liquid culture mediums by inclined planes respectively for independent culture to obtain bacterial solutions of the strains, inoculating the bacterial solutions into a fermentation culture medium for culture, and mixing the bacterial solutions in proportion after fermentation to obtain composite temperature-raising bacterial solutions;
(3) And (3) preparing a microbial agent: and (3) after the number of the viable bacteria is detected to be qualified, adding the composite auxiliary composition, mixing, drying and spraying powder by using a spray powder spraying drying tower, and then uniformly stirring with a substrate.
Wherein the fermentation temperature is regulated according to the characteristics of the strain, the viable count reaches the qualification, the fermentation temperature is generally 28-45 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36-72 hours.
Example 2
Microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and preparation method thereof
The invention provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost, which comprises a composite warming bacterial liquid, a composite auxiliary composition and a matrix, wherein the mass ratio of the composite warming bacterial liquid to the composite auxiliary composition to the matrix is 7:1:32. the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 19 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 13 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 12 parts of bacillus coagulans, 5 parts of saccharomycetes, 8 parts of pseudomonas putida, 8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 4 parts of actinomyces rubrum powder, 4 parts of white rot fungi and 4 parts of bacillus natto, wherein the number of the live bacteria of the microbial inoculum in the composite warming bacterial liquid is 1-1.2 multiplied by 10 9 cfu·g -1 。
The composite auxiliary composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; 2 parts of ammoxidation lignin; 2 parts of malic acid; the preparation method of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product comprises perforating activated Phellinus linteus with a puncher, inoculating into CYM liquid culture medium, culturing in shaking table at 150rpm and 28deg.C for 8 days, and filtering with 0.45 μm filter to obtain Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; the matrix is prepared from corn straw and rice husk according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the water content of the corn straw and the rice husk is 5-10%.
The preparation method of the microbial agent is shown in the example 1.
Example 3
Microbial agent for improving organic matter conversion of compost and preparation method thereof
The invention provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost, which comprises a composite warming bacterial liquid, a composite auxiliary composition and a matrix, wherein the mass ratio of the composite warming bacterial liquid to the composite auxiliary composition to the matrix is 10:2:35. the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 15 parts of bacillus coagulans, 8 parts of saccharomycetes and oxa6 parts of pseudomonas putida, 10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of actinomycetes nigricans powder, 5 parts of white rot fungi and 5 parts of bacillus natto, wherein the number of the bacterial agent viable bacteria in the composite temperature-rising bacterial liquid is 1-1.2 multiplied by 10 9 cfu·g -1 。
The composite auxiliary composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; 1 part of ammoxidation lignin; 1 part of malic acid; the preparation method of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product comprises perforating activated Phellinus linteus with a puncher, inoculating into CYM liquid culture medium, culturing in shaking table at 150rpm and 28deg.C for 5 days, and filtering with 0.45 μm filter to obtain Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; the matrix is prepared from corn straw and rice husk according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the water content of the corn straw and the rice husk is 5-10%.
The preparation method of the microbial agent is shown in the example 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost and a preparation method thereof, and the microbial agent is different from the microbial agent in the example 2 only in that all components do not contain composite warming bacteria liquid, the components are replaced by matrixes in the same proportion, and the contents of the other components and the components are the same as those in the example 2.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost and a preparation method thereof, which is different from example 2 only in that all components do not contain a composite auxiliary composition, the composite auxiliary composition is replaced by a matrix with the same proportion, and the rest components and the content of the components are the same as those in example 2.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost and a preparation method thereof, which is different from example 2 only in that the composite auxiliary composition does not contain Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation products in all components, and the same proportions of yeast ferments are used for substitution, and the rest components and the content of the components are the same as those in example 2.
Composting fermentation test
Composting is carried out using the microbial agents prepared in example 2 and comparative examples 1-3, respectively, the composting process comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking livestock manure (half of each of pig manure and sheep manure), adding 15% by volume of agricultural waste into the livestock manure, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the C/N of the livestock manure to be 28-30;
(2) Adjusting the total moisture content of the material to about 55%;
(3) Weighing microbial agent accounting for 3wt% of the total weight of the materials, and adding 10 times of corn stalk powder, rice husk and the microbial agent in advance, mixing and stirring for dilution;
(4) Uniformly stirring the mixed materials by using a batch stirrer, and piling the mixed materials into long piles with the width and the height of one meter;
(5) Turning the stack for the 1 st time after the temperature of the stack reaches 50 ℃ to ensure that the materials are uniform, ventilating and oxygen introducing are carried out, the ventilation time is 0.5-1h, and the ventilation rate is 0.01-1 m 3 ·min -1 ·m -3 . And turning and stirring the pile according to the pile temperature condition, turning the pile once for 2-3 days, and controlling the temperature below 75 ℃.
The basic properties of the compost material are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic Properties of compost feedstock
| Raw materials | Moisture content/% | pH value of | Total organic carbon/% | Total nitrogen/% | Total phosphorus/% | Total potassium/% |
| Livestock manure | 65.21 | 8.11 | 25.45 | 2.11 | 1.55 | 2.12 |
| Corn stalk | 6.48 | 6.74 | 40.21 | 0.75 | 0.01 | 1.05 |
| Rice husk | 5.11 | - | - | 1.58 | - | - |
| Rotten apples | 73.41 | 4.25 | - | - | - | - |
The temperature test method comprises the following steps: three composting groups were measured at nine am and four pm a day during composting using temperature probes, and the temperatures at 20, 40 and 60cm at the top of the heap and ambient temperature were measured, recorded after waiting for the readings to stabilize, and the daily temperatures averaged.
Other index testing methods: in the composting fermentation process, sampling is carried out every 3d, the sampling depth is respectively 20 cm, 40 cm and 60cm away from the top of the pile body, each layer adopts a five-point sampling method, 250g is respectively taken, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for measuring physicochemical indexes.
The physical and chemical index testing method comprises the following steps:
(1) PH determination
3.0g of fresh compost sample is weighed by filter paper on an electronic balance, evenly mixed with 30mL of deionized water in a plastic centrifuge tube, placed in a horizontal shaking table for shaking for 30min, the rotating speed is set to be 200rpm, placed in a centrifuge for centrifugation at 4000rpm for 20min, the supernatant is taken out, filtered by the filter paper, and then collected in a 50mL centrifuge tube for marking correspondingly. The pH of the collected filtrate was measured with pH meter.
(2) Organic matter measurement
Taking out the cleaned crucible, putting the crucible into a baking oven to dry water, putting the crucible into a muffle furnace (550 ℃) to be fired for 5 hours, taking out the crucible and weighing the crucible to be M1; weighing 10.0g of the sample, putting the sample into a crucible, putting the crucible into an oven for 24 hours, taking out the sample, and weighing the sample and marking the sample as M2; and placing the dried crucible with the sample in a muffle furnace, firing for 8 hours at 550 ℃, taking out the crucible after the muffle furnace is cooled to room temperature, and weighing the crucible, and marking the crucible as M3. The calculation formula of the organic matter is OM= (M3-M1)/(M2-M1) multiplied by 100 percent. The content of organic matters before and after the compost fermentation is measured, and the reduction percentage of the organic matters is calculated.
(3) The seed germination test is performed by referring to conventional methods in the prior literature.
The test results were as follows:
(1) Results of temperature test
As shown in fig. 1, the ambient temperature was about 7-10 ℃, the treatment group 1 was example 2, the control group 1 was comparative example 1, the control group 2 was comparative example 2, and the control group 3 was comparative example 3. The results show that the fermentation of the treatment group 1 is started most quickly, the heap temperature reaches 57 ℃ after 24 hours, and the high temperature above 55 ℃ is kept for more than 10 days. After turning over the stack, the temperature of the stack will drop slightly, but then the temperature will rise rapidly. The control group 1 has low temperature, slow self-fermentation temperature rise and low high temperature value, while the control group 2-3 has a highest temperature of more than 50 ℃, but the stack temperature rises slowly, the temperature reaches the highest by 11 days, only 40-50 ℃, and the difference of the stack temperatures in the later fermentation stage is gradually reduced. Therefore, the microbial agent can obviously shorten the fermentation starting time under a low-temperature environment, the composite temperature-rising bacterial liquid and the composite auxiliary composition can accelerate the composting fermentation process, and the microbial agent provided by the application meets the requirement that the temperature of the microbial agent is higher than 50-55 ℃ for 5-7 days or higher than 55 ℃ for 3 days in the high-temperature period of composting, meets the regulations of Chinese excrement innocuous treatment (GB 7959-1987), and can confirm that the composting fermentation of the embodiment 2 reaches the decomposition standard.
(2) Measurement result of pH
As can be seen from fig. 2, the treatment group 1 is example 2, the control group 1 is comparative example 1, the control group 2 is comparative example 2, the control group 3 is comparative example 3, and after the compound fermentation inoculant is inoculated in example 2, the pH value of the material is obviously reduced, and possibly due to the fermentation activity of the acidogenic bacteria, organic matters in the material are converted into partial organic acids, so that the pH value of the stacking material is reduced, which is beneficial to inhibiting the generation of ammonia and reducing the loss of nitrogen. As the temperature of the reactor increases, the organic acid volatilizes or is utilized, and protein organic matters in the raw materials are decomposed and mineralized to generate a small amount of ammonia gas, so that the pH value is raised. In the later period of composting, the composting temperature is reduced, the pH value of each treatment is slowly reduced and tends to be stable, and the pH value accords with the composting standard range of 6.7-9.0 in the composting period process.
(3) Organic matter change
As shown in fig. 3, the treatment group 1 is example 2, the control group 1 is comparative example 1, the control group 2 is comparative example 2, the control group 3 is comparative example 3, the organic matter reduction rate of example 2 is highest, the Organic Matter (OM) is taken as an important carbon source and energy source in the heap, nutrition can be provided for the growth, propagation and metabolism of microorganisms in different composting periods, the microbial inoculum added in example 2 can promote the degradation of the organic matter and improve the conversion of the organic matter, and the control group has a small obvious reduction of the organic matter, so that the microbial inoculum prepared by the invention has a good effect of promoting the conversion of the organic matter of the compost, the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product has a good cooperation with the composite temperature-rising bacterial liquid, and the fermentation process of the compost is jointly participated, probably because the active matter of the Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product has a promoting effect on the growth of the bacterial group.
(4) Seed germination rate test results
As can be seen from fig. 4, the germination index of seeds is an effective index for checking the degree of composting, the treatment group 1 is example 2, the control group 1 is comparative example 1, the control group 2 is comparative example 2, the control group 3 is comparative example 3, the germination index of seeds is lower in the initial stage of composting, the inhibition effect of each treatment material on the germination of seeds is gradually weakened along with the prolongation of composting time, and the germination index rising speed of the treatment group 1 is obviously higher than that of the control group. Therefore, the fermentation material can enter the decomposing period in advance by inoculating the microbial agent, and the fermentation period is obviously shortened.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings as one of its embodiments, without limitation in practice. In summary, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that the invention can be practiced without the specific details disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters of compost is characterized in that: comprises a composite warming bacterial liquid, a composite auxiliary composition and a matrix;
the composite warming bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 10-15 parts of sporotrichum thermophile, 10-15 parts of bacillus coagulans, 5-8 parts of saccharomycetes, 5-8 parts of pseudomonas putida, 6-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of actinomycetes nigricans powder, 3-5 parts of white rot fungi and 3-5 parts of bacillus natto.
2. The microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters in compost according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of the viable bacteria of the microbial inoculum in the composite temperature-rising bacterial liquid is 1-1.2 multiplied by 109cfu g < -1 >.
3. The microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters in compost according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the composite auxiliary composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of Phellinus linteus mycelium fermentation product; 1-2 parts of ammoxidation lignin; malic acid 0.5-2 parts.
4. A microbial inoculant for improving the conversion of organic matter in compost as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the mass ratio of the composite warming bacterial liquid to the composite auxiliary composition to the matrix is (5-10): (1-2): (30-35).
5. The microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters in compost of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the matrix is prepared from corn straw and rice husk according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the composition is as follows; the water content of the corn stalk and the rice hull is 5-10%.
6. The microbial agent for improving the conversion of organic matters in compost according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Strain culture: respectively inoculating bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, bacillus coagulans, saccharomycetes, pseudomonas putida, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces rubrum, white rot fungi and bacillus natto into respective basic solid culture mediums for culture;
(2) Preparing bacterial liquid: inoculating the strains in the step (1) to respective basic liquid culture mediums by inclined planes respectively for independent culture to obtain bacterial solutions of the strains, inoculating the bacterial solutions into a fermentation culture medium for culture, and mixing the bacterial solutions in proportion after fermentation to obtain composite temperature-raising bacterial solutions;
(3) And (3) preparing a microbial agent: and (3) after the number of the viable bacteria is detected to be qualified, adding the composite auxiliary composition, mixing, drying and spraying powder by using a spray powder spraying drying tower, and then uniformly stirring with a substrate.
7. Use of the microbial agent according to any one of claims 1-6 for treating livestock and poultry manure.
8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the application comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking livestock manure, adding 15% by volume of agricultural waste into the livestock manure, and uniformly mixing to obtain a material;
(2) Regulating the total moisture content of the material to 55%;
(3) Weighing microbial agent, adding 10 times of corn stalk powder and rice husk into the microbial agent in advance, mixing and stirring the mixture and diluting the mixture;
(4) Uniformly stirring the mixed materials by using a batch stirrer, and piling the mixed materials into long piles with the width and the height of one meter;
(5) After the temperature of the pile reaches 50 ℃, the pile is turned for the 1 st time, so that the materials are uniform, and ventilation and oxygen ventilation are realized.
9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 1-5wt%.
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