CN117838823A - Traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117838823A CN117838823A CN202311238681.0A CN202311238681A CN117838823A CN 117838823 A CN117838823 A CN 117838823A CN 202311238681 A CN202311238681 A CN 202311238681A CN 117838823 A CN117838823 A CN 117838823A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition, which contains ginger extract and chamomile extract, wherein the weight ratio of the ginger extract to the chamomile extract is 10:4-30, the ginger extract is prepared by a water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and the chamomile extract is prepared by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and organic solvent extraction. The Chinese medicinal composition can be used for treating motion sickness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to a combination of chamomile and ginger, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Motion sickness (motion sickness), also known as motion sickness, refers to motion sickness, namely motion sickness, seasickness, motion sickness, etc., which are commonly known by people, and comprises astronavigation sickness, etc. which occurs under microgravity conditions, and a series of physiological reactions of human bodies, which are wrongly perceived by multiple factors, are caused. The symptoms of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, epigastric discomfort, pale complexion, cold sweat and the like are usually seen when a vehicle is taken, at the moment, the phenomenon of vomiting, dizziness and the like can be more easily stimulated by smelling gasoline smell, smoke smell and the like, the symptoms of vomiting, palpitation, cold limbs and the like can be seen when the symptoms are serious, and the symptoms can be relieved after taking is stopped, so that the life is not threatened. In traditional Chinese medicine, motion sickness is classified as dizziness, which is the upward adverse flow of stomach qi, and is closely related to liver, spleen and kidney.
Motion sickness treatment is currently dominated by exercise environment and drug therapy that is free of pathogenic disease. Some patient conditions seriously affect the daily life workers, and doctors can choose surgical treatments such as vestibular neurosurgery and the like according to the conditions. The drug therapy mainly comprises antihistamines, anticholinergic agents, calcium channel blockers, dopamine receptor antagonists and the like. The antihistamine is usually selected from the group consisting of theabehenamine tablet, diphenhydramine, promethazine, chlorpheniramine, etc.; the anticholinergic agent is scopolamine; the common drugs of the calcium channel blocker are cinnarizine; a common drug for dopamine receptor antagonists is domperidone.
In addition, nausea and vomiting are common clinical phenomena, particularly diseases which are not avoided by tumor patients in the chemotherapy process, and many patients often have to abandon chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to fear of postoperative vomiting, so that the illness state is delayed. However, the current drugs for treating emesis have a relatively large number of effects, but the effects are not ideal.
Matricaria chamomilla belongs to the family of Compositae, has slightly bitter, sweet and fragrant taste, and has effects of tranquilizing, improving sleep, relieving pain, caring skin, and soothing emotion. In addition, it has effects of diminishing inflammation, removing pathogenic fire, relieving spasm and resisting abdominal distention. The chamomile is rich in antiallergic and pain relieving healing components, including flavonoid substances such as apigenin, gan Jusu, chamomile alcohol and the like, antiallergic substances such as alpha-bisabolol, chamomile blue alkene and the like, and active substances such as tannic acid, alpha-methyl crotonic acid, vitamin A, mineral substances and the like, so that the chamomile extract can inhibit histamine release, thereby relieving anaphylactic reaction. In addition, bisabolol, albizia julibrissin, bisabolol oxide A and elemene in flos Matricariae Chamomillae have antiinflammatory, tranquilizing, and red swelling removing effects, and many flavonoid glycoside substances such as apigenin, quercetin, rutin, hyperoside, and Tagetin can be used for antiinflammatory and antibacterial effects.
Ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, and has pungent and hot nature, warm middle energizer and expelling cold, and return yang and promote blood circulation. For cold pain in heart and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, weak cold pulse, dyspnea and cough due to cold, arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness, vomiting due to yang deficiency, epistaxis and bleeding. The chemical components of ginger, gingerol and gingerol not only have obvious effects of invigorating stomach and protecting gastric mucosa, but also have obvious promotion effect on gastrointestinal motility; the chemical components of the mixture of the gingerol and the gingerol can relax intestinal canal and weaken peristalsis; the chemical component gingerol and Jiang Xitong have strong peripheral anti-emetic effect; in addition, gingerol and Jiang Xitong also have sedative and analgesic effects.
For the treatment of nausea and vomiting, sedative antiemetics are commonly used, mainly for inhibiting nerve center excitation and relieving digestive tract spasm, but most of the drugs are chemical drugs, have a plurality of side effects after being taken, and can also cause symptoms such as dry mouth and the like, and the effect is not obvious. There is also a need to develop a traditional Chinese medicine composition with good curative effect and low side effect in clinic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition, which contains ginger extract and chamomile extract, wherein the weight ratio of the ginger extract to the chamomile extract is 10:4-30, preferably 10:6-24, more preferably 10:9-21, and still more preferably 10:12-18.
The composition is characterized in that the ginger extract is prepared by a water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and the chamomile extract is prepared by a water extraction, alcohol precipitation and organic solvent extraction method.
Specifically, the ginger extract is prepared by the following steps: (1) Extracting with water to obtain water extract, (2) concentrating the water extract to obtain water concentrate; (3) Carrying out alcohol precipitation on the water extraction concentrated solution to prepare an alcohol precipitation supernatant; (4) Concentrating the supernatant, and drying to obtain rhizoma Zingiberis recens extract.
The chamomile extract is prepared by the following method: (1) Extracting with water to obtain water extract, (2) concentrating the water extract to obtain water concentrate; (3) Carrying out alcohol precipitation on the water extraction concentrated solution to prepare an alcohol precipitation supernatant; (4) concentrating the supernatant fluid of the alcohol precipitation to obtain concentrated solution of the alcohol precipitation; (5) Extracting the alcohol precipitation concentrated solution by an organic solvent to obtain an extract; (6) Concentrating the organic layer extract, and drying to obtain flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract.
In the process of extracting and preparing ginger and chamomile, in the alcohol precipitation step, the alcohol is ethanol, 75-100% of ethanol is used for enabling the alcohol content of the solution to reach 70-80%, and preferably 95% of ethanol is used for enabling the alcohol content of the solution to reach 75-80%; the residence time of the alcohol precipitation is preferably 12 to 72 hours, more preferably 24 to 48 hours.
In the water extraction step, heating reflux extraction is carried out, the extraction times are preferably 1 to 3 times, the extraction time is 1 to 5 hours, and the water consumption is 3 to 15 times of that of the medicinal materials; the concentration of the concentrated solution is 1mL, and the solution contains 1-3 g of crude drug.
In the water extraction step, the extraction times are 2-3 times, the extraction time is 1-3 hours, and the water consumption is 3-10 times of that of the medicinal materials; the concentration of the concentrated solution is 1mL, and the solution contains 1-2 g of crude drug.
The alcohol precipitation concentrated solution is 1mL solution containing 1-3 g of crude drug, and the organic solvent is selected from diethyl ether or ethyl acetate.
The alcohol precipitation concentrated solution is 1mL solution containing 1-2 g crude drug, the organic solvent is selected from diethyl ether, and the extraction times are 1-3 times, preferably 2 times; the volume ratio of diethyl ether to the concentrate is preferably 0.5 to 1.5, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and can be prepared into various pharmaceutically acceptable dosage forms.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can be used for preparing a medicine for treating motion sickness.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can be used in medicines for treating stomach discomfort, nausea or vomiting.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can be used in dietary supplements for treating motion sickness and relieving stomach discomfort, nausea or vomiting.
The ginger can absorb gastric acid, prevent vomiting symptoms caused by nausea, and the chamomile can calm spirit and ease mood, so that the symptoms of carsickness can be prevented. The invention fully utilizes the active ingredients of the materials and can effectively relieve dizziness and vomiting symptoms after carsickness.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition can relieve stomach discomfort, nausea and vomiting caused by motion sickness, inhibit defecation reaction, improve ingestion reduction, body temperature reduction and spontaneous activity reduction, has better prevention and treatment effects on the motion sickness, can be applied to developing drugs for resisting motion sickness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting caused by pregnancy and chemotherapy, improving somnolence and narcolepsy, promoting wakefulness, improving appetite and gastrointestinal functions, maintaining body temperature and the like.
The invention can reduce the side effect and pungency of the ginger extract used alone by combining the ginger and the chamomile, and has higher patient compliance.
The ginger disclosed by the invention is rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and can be ginger or dried ginger obtained by drying ginger.
The chamomile disclosed by the invention is a flower of a asteraceae plant, and can be a fresh flower or a dried flower obtained by drying the fresh flower.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The ginger used in this example is rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and the place of origin is Sichuan; the flos Matricariae Chamomillae is fresh flower of Matricaria chamomilla of Compositae, and the origin is Yunnan.
The ginger used in this example is dried rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and the place of production is Sichuan; the flos Matricariae Chamomillae is dried flower of Matricaria chamomilla of Compositae, and the origin is Yunnan.
Example 1-1 preparation of ginger extract
The ginger used in this example is rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and the place of origin is Sichuan.
Taking 5.0kg of ginger, crushing, adding distilled water, heating, refluxing and extracting for 3 times, each time for 2-3 hours, filtering, combining the extracting solutions, steaming until 1mL of solution contains 2g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, precipitating with ethanol to ensure that the alcohol content of the solution reaches 75%, standing for 24 hours, filtering, steaming with rotation, and drying at a constant temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the ginger extract. And when water is added for three times for extraction, the weight of the first water is 6 times of the total weight of the ginger, and the weight of the second water and the third water is 4 times of the total weight of the ginger.
Examples 1-2 preparation of Matricaria chamomilla extract
The chamomile used in this example is a fresh flower of a chamomile plant of the family Compositae, and the origin is Yunnan.
Taking 5.0kg of fresh flos Matricariae Chamomillae, adding 5 times of distilled water, heating and reflux-extracting for 3 times, each time for 1.5h, filtering, mixing the extracting solutions, steaming until 1mL of solution contains 2g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, precipitating with ethanol to make the alcohol content of the solution reach 75%, standing for 12h, centrifuging, taking supernatant, concentrating until 1mL of solution contains 2g of crude drug, extracting the concentrate with diethyl ether twice to obtain diethyl ether layer, concentrating and steaming the diethyl ether layer to dryness, and recovering diethyl ether to obtain fat-soluble part.
Wherein, during diethyl ether extraction, the diethyl ether is extracted twice, the volume of diethyl ether used each time is 1 time of the volume of the concentrated solution, and when diethyl ether is recovered by concentration of diethyl ether layer, water bath normal pressure is adopted, and the concentration temperature is 40-50 ℃.
Example 2-1 preparation of ginger extract
The ginger used in this example is rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and the place of origin is Sichuan.
Taking 5.0kg of ginger, crushing, adding distilled water, heating, refluxing and extracting for 2 times, 4 hours each time, filtering, combining the extracting solutions, steaming until 1mL of solution contains 1-2 g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, precipitating with ethanol to ensure that the ethanol content of the solution reaches 70-80%, standing for 48 hours, filtering, steaming with rotation, and drying at a constant temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the ginger extract. And in the secondary water adding extraction, the weight of the first water is 8 times of the total weight of the ginger, and the weight of the second water is 5 times of the total weight of the ginger.
EXAMPLE 2-2 preparation of Matricaria chamomilla extract
The chamomile used in this example is a fresh flower of a chamomile plant of the family Compositae, and the origin is Yunnan.
Taking 5.0kg of fresh flos Matricariae Chamomillae, adding 8 times of distilled water, heating and reflux-extracting for 2 times each for 2 hours, filtering, mixing the extracting solutions, steaming until 1mL of solution contains 1.5g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, precipitating with ethanol to make the alcohol content of the solution reach 80%, standing for 48 hours, centrifuging, taking supernatant, concentrating until 1mL of solution contains 1.5g of crude drug, extracting the concentrate with diethyl ether twice to obtain diethyl ether layer, concentrating and evaporating the diethyl ether layer to dryness, and recovering diethyl ether to obtain fat-soluble part.
Wherein, during the diethyl ether extraction, the volume of diethyl ether used each time is 1.5 times of the volume of the concentrated solution. When diethyl ether is recovered by concentration of diethyl ether layer, water bath normal pressure is adopted, and the concentration temperature is 40-50 ℃.
Example 3-1 preparation of ginger extract
The ginger used in this example is dried rhizome of ginger of Zingiberaceae, and the place of origin is Sichuan.
Taking 5.0kg of ginger, crushing, adding distilled water, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2-3 times, each time for 2-4 hours, filtering, combining the extracting solutions, performing rotary evaporation until 1mL of solution contains 1-2 g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, performing alcohol precipitation to ensure that the ethanol content of the solution reaches 70-80%, standing for 12-24 hours, filtering, performing rotary evaporation, and performing constant-temperature drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the ginger extract. When water is added for three times for extraction, the weight of the first water is 5-8 times of the total weight of the ginger, and the weight of the second water and the third water is 3-5 times of the total weight of the ginger.
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of Matricaria chamomilla extract
The chamomile used in this example is a fresh flower of a chamomile plant of the family Compositae, and the origin is Yunnan.
Taking 5.0kg of fresh flos Matricariae Chamomillae, adding 8 times of distilled water, heating and reflux-extracting for 3 times each for 1.5h, filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, steaming until 1mL of solution contains 1g of crude drug, adding 95% ethanol, precipitating with ethanol to make the ethanol content of the solution reach 60%, standing for 30h, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, vacuum concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying at 60deg.C to obtain crude flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract.
Example 5 motion sickness rat animal model test
1. Animal and feed
Species: SD rats; grade: SPF; gender: a male; age: 6-7 weeks of age at purchase; the individual animal weight values are within the range of +/-20% of average value when the animals are grouped, wherein the individual animal weight values are 220-250 g after 7-8 weeks of age during molding.
Feed: the rats and mice maintained the feed. The illumination and darkness are alternated every day for 12h/12h, and drinking water is fed freely.
2. Grouping and administration modes for animals
Stimulating the control group, given only distilled water;
standing the control group, and only administering distilled water;
the test drug (1:1.5) was allowed to stand still to prepare a control group containing 20mg of the ginger extract prepared in example 1-1, 30mg of the chamomile extract prepared in example 1-1, and dissolved in 100ml of distilled water.
The test drug (1:1.5) stimulated group contained 20mg of the ginger extract prepared in example 1-1, 30mg of the chamomile extract prepared in example 1-1, and was prepared by dissolving in 100ml of distilled water.
The test drug (4:1) was allowed to stand still to give a control group containing 40mg of the ginger extract prepared in example 1-1, 10mg of the chamomile extract prepared in example 4, and dissolved in 100ml of distilled water.
The test drug (4:1) stimulated group contained 40mg of the ginger extract prepared in example 1-1, 10mg of the chamomile extract prepared in example 4, and was prepared by dissolving in 100ml of distilled water.
The administration volume is 1mL/100g by stomach irrigation. From day 1 of molding, 9 in the morning each day: 00, each group of animals is respectively filled with corresponding distilled water or liquid medicine.
3. Moulding method
The rats filled with distilled water or liquid medicine are placed in an organic glass cage of a simulated carsickness stimulation device in an unbound mode, and angular acceleration stimulation is carried out. The stimulation mode is as follows: the rotation is clockwise around the horizontal axis, accelerated at an angular acceleration of 16 DEG, and decelerated at an angular acceleration of 48 DEG/s 2 immediately after reaching a maximum speed of 120 DEG/s until the rotation stops for 1 rotation cycle, each cycle time being 10s, in this way the stimulation is continued for 2 hours for 3 days, once per day (2 hours/d x 3 d). Stimulation was fixed at night 7:00 to adapt to the biological rhythm of rats.
In addition, the single rat cage of the standing control group is singly placed in the rotary stimulation device for 2h/d multiplied by 3d without rotary stimulation, so that possible influences of noise, room temperature, humidity and the like on the model are eliminated. The behavioral changes associated with motion sickness and the effects on ingestion were observed.
The motion sickness symptom judging indexes take defecation amount, hypothermia, conditional opening and spontaneous activities as main indexes, and detect the food intake within 2 hours after the experiment is finished, defecation condition and corresponding index values.
4. Experimental results
Compared with a static control group, the number of the rat fecal particles in the rotary stimulation group is obviously increased, the food intake in 2 hours is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.01), the defecation reaction caused by motion sickness stimulation is completely inhibited (P is less than 0.001) in the test drug (1:1.5) stimulation group, the food intake is obviously improved, the appetite stimulating effect is realized, and the normal food intake can be improved.
Compared with the static control group, the body temperature of the rat in the rotation stimulation group is obviously reduced, and the body temperature of the rat in the test drug stimulation group and the low dose group of the test drug are obviously or obviously improved respectively.
Compared with a static control group, the mouth opening reflex of rats in a rotary stimulation group is obviously increased, and the conditioned mouth opening reflex caused by motion sickness stimulation is obviously improved in a test drug stimulation group and a test drug low-dose group; the method shows that obvious vomit-like reaction appears after the motion sickness stimulation of rats, and the intervention of the administration group can obviously relieve and even inhibit the vomit-like reaction of animals caused by the motion sickness.
Compared with a static control group, the movement distance of rats in a rotation stimulation group is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.001), the static time is prolonged (P is less than 0.005), and the spontaneous activity is reduced; the administration group can improve the phenomenon of reduced movement distance of rats caused by motion sickness stimulation; indicating that the rat has depression-like behavior after the motion sickness stimulation, and the intervention of the administration group can relieve the depression-like behavior of the motion sickness animal.
Claims (14)
1. A Chinese medicinal composition comprises rhizoma Zingiberis recens extract and flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract, wherein the weight ratio of rhizoma Zingiberis recens extract to flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract is 10:4-30.
2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of ginger extract and chamomile extract is 10:6-24, more preferably 10:9-21, still more preferably 10:12-18.
3. The composition according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the ginger extract is prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and the chamomile extract is prepared by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and organic solvent extraction.
4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the ginger extract is obtained by the following process: (1) Extracting with water to obtain water extract, (2) concentrating the water extract to obtain water concentrate; (3) Carrying out alcohol precipitation on the water extraction concentrated solution to prepare an alcohol precipitation supernatant; (4) Concentrating the supernatant, and drying to obtain rhizoma Zingiberis recens extract.
5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the chamomile extract is obtained by the following process: (1) Extracting with water to obtain water extract, (2) concentrating the water extract to obtain water concentrate; (3) Carrying out alcohol precipitation on the water extraction concentrated solution to prepare an alcohol precipitation supernatant; (4) concentrating the supernatant fluid of the alcohol precipitation to obtain concentrated solution of the alcohol precipitation; (5) Extracting the alcohol precipitation concentrated solution by an organic solvent to obtain an extract; (6) Concentrating the organic layer extract, and drying to obtain flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract.
6. The composition according to claims 3-4, characterized in that in the alcohol precipitation step, 75-100% ethanol is used to make the alcohol content of the solution 70-80%, preferably 95% ethanol is used to make the alcohol content of the solution 75-80%; the residence time of the alcohol precipitation is preferably 12 to 72 hours, more preferably 24 to 48 hours.
7. The composition according to claim 3-4, characterized in that in the water extraction step, the extraction is performed under reflux by heating, preferably for 1-3 times, for 1-5 hours, with water usage 3-15 times that of the medicinal material; the concentration of the concentrated solution is lmL, and the solution contains 1-3 g of crude drug.
8. The composition of claim 6, wherein in the water extraction step, the extraction times are 2-times, the extraction time is 1-3 hours, and the water consumption is 3-10 times of that of the medicinal materials; the concentration of the concentrated solution is 1mL, and the solution contains 1-2 g of crude drug.
9. The composition of claim 4, wherein the alcohol precipitation concentrate is 1mL solution containing 1-3 g crude drug, and the organic solvent is selected from diethyl ether or ethyl acetate.
10. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the alcohol precipitation concentrate is 1mL solution containing 1-2 g crude drug, and the organic solvent is selected from diethyl ether, and the extraction times are 1-3 times, preferably 2 times; the volume ratio of diethyl ether to the concentrate is preferably 0.5 to 1.5, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
11. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that it comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
12. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for the preparation of a dietary supplement for the prevention of motion sickness.
13. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of motion sickness.
14. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of gastric discomfort, nausea or vomiting.
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