CN117802782A - 一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其不仅具有较好的抗紫外线性能,同时耐久性好、抗菌性能优良,所制得的仿真丝面料滑爽柔糯与真丝及其相似,光泽优雅高贵,具有良好的透气性、遮热性、卓越的防紫外线性、接触凉感性,具有优异的市场推广价值。在制备过程中,通过碱减量处理使面料手感爽滑,具有仿真丝效果,通过SiO2/ZnO/木质素紫外线屏蔽剂的整理,使面料具有优异的遮热性与防紫外线性能,在紫外线整理前,采用海藻酸盐对纤维进行表面改性处理,提高紫外线屏蔽剂与纤维间的结合率,提高耐久性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织面料处理技术领域,具体为一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着臭氧层的逐渐被破坏及紫外线辐射的增加,导致各种危害的发生。紫外线分为短波紫外线 UVC( 200 ~ 290 nm) 、中波紫外线UVB( 290 ~ 320 nm) 和长波紫外线 UVA( 320 ~ 400 nm) 。其中,UVC 会被大气层中的臭氧层所吸收,不会对皮肤造成危害; UVB 过量照射会导致人体出现红肿脱皮和老化,严重时会引发皮肤癌; UVA 具有较强的穿透能力,会引起皮肤晒黑、老化和 DNA 损伤。
为了使面料具有防紫外线的效果,人们会在面料中添加防晒剂,例如ZnO,ZnO 可以阻隔 UVA 和 UVB 波段,是一个全波段的紫外屏蔽剂。然而实际使用过程中发现,ZnO 颗粒应用在防晒中容易团聚和使面料变色,影响其防晒效果,同时,单独采用ZnO对面料防晒性能提升也相对有限。
发明内容
针对现有面料防晒、抗紫外线的效果不好的问题,本发明提供了一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其不仅具有较好的抗紫外线性能,同时耐久性好、抗菌性能优良。
其技术方案是这样的:一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其中,面料为梭织面料,其采用的纱线为异形涤纶长丝,纱支规格为20-80D,其特征在于:利用海藻酸盐处理液对定型后的面料进行表面改性处理,所述海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的质量分数为0.1-0.5%,处理时按照浴比为1:40-60将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐处理液中,浸泡5-15min,在100-120℃下固化5-15min后用水冲洗并干燥,将处理后的面料按照浴比1:20-30浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浸渍时间为5-10 min,在100-120℃下固化25-45 min后用水冲洗并干燥;
所述紫外线屏蔽剂中具有质量分数为5-15%的防紫外线复合粉体,所述防紫外线复合粉体的制备方法为:将 SiO2和ZnO 粉体溶解于蒸馏水中,升温至 60-90℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为 9 - 10 的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2和ZnO的溶解液中,在 60-90℃下搅拌 25-45 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 中性,搅拌25-45min,经过抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得所述防紫外线复合粉体,所述防紫外线复合粉体中,SiO2和ZnO 粉体总质量与木质素粉体的质量比不小于5:1,SiO2和ZnO的质量比不大于2:1;
所述紫外线屏蔽剂的制备方法为:将所述防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌25-45min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌25-45min,调节pH到不大于3,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速2-4mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,30-60℃水浴加热1-3h后即得。
进一步地,面料的制备过程中还包括碱减量处理,碱减量处理的烧碱的质量分数为8%-20%,面料的碱减量为10%-20%。
进一步地,面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,所述异形涤纶长丝的截面为三叶形、五叶形、五角星、Y形或者H形。
进一步地,SiO2和ZnO 粉体的粒径为30-100nm。
进一步地,制得的面料的克重为120-200g/m2。
本发明的有益效果为:(1)仿真丝面料选用异形截面涤纶长丝,结构选用缎纹结构,纱线、织造结构都有助于提升面料的品质,制得的面料具有蚕丝般柔软的手感、柔和的光泽,高贵典雅。
(2)面料经过海藻酸盐处理,赋予面料羟基,有助于紫外线屏蔽剂跟面料纤维结合,提高耐久性同时可赋予纺织品抗菌性能。
(3)SiO2/ZnO/木质素紫外线屏蔽剂为全波段的紫外线屏蔽剂,三者间相辅相成,SiO2可以消除ZnO的容易聚团和影响面料颜色的弊端,木质素是一种天然的广谱防晒剂,木质素中酚羟基共轭的乙烯基在聚合过程中电子会丢失,导致形成紫外线发色团,从而可以有效吸收紫外线/可见光,同时,木质素还具有优异的抗氧化性能。
(4)通过本发明制得的仿真丝面料,紫外线防护系数UPF500+,紫外线遮蔽率大于99%,并爽滑亲肤,穿着舒适凉感,透气性、遮热性兼具外观与功能。
具体实施方式
一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其包括织坯→预定形→精练→碱减量→溢流染色( 定形机涤加白) →定型→表面改性处理,其中,面料为梭织面料,面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,其采用的纱线为异形涤纶长丝,异形涤纶长丝的截面为三叶形、五叶形、五角星、Y形或者H形,纱支规格为20-80D,碱减量处理的烧碱的质量分数为8%-20%,面料的碱减量为10%-20%,表面改性处理时利用海藻酸盐处理液进行,海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的质量分数为0.1-0.5%,处理时按照浴比为1:40-60将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐处理液中,浸泡5-15 min,在100-120℃下固化5-15min后用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥,将处理后的面料按照浴比1:20-30浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浸渍时间为5-10 min,在100-120℃下固化25-45 min后用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥,最终制得的面料的克重为120-200g/m2,制备得到的面料滑爽柔糯与真丝及其相似,光泽优雅高贵,具有良好的透气性、遮热性、卓越的防紫外线性、接触凉感性。
上述的紫外线屏蔽剂中具有质量分数为5-15%的防紫外线复合粉体,防紫外线复合粉体的制备方法为:将 SiO2和ZnO 粉体溶解于蒸馏水中,SiO2和ZnO 粉体的粒径为30-100nm,升温至 60-90℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为 9 - 10 的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2和ZnO的溶解液中,在 60-90℃ 下搅拌 25-45 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 中性,搅拌25-45min,经过抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得防紫外线复合粉体,所述防紫外线复合粉体中,SiO2和ZnO 粉体总质量与木质素粉体的质量比不小于5:1,SiO2和ZnO的质量比不大于2:1。
制备得到上述防紫外线复合粉体后,将防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌25-45min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌25-45min,调节pH到不大于3,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速2-4mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,30-60℃水浴加热1-3h后即得紫外线屏蔽剂。
实施例1
(1)防紫外线复合粉体的制备
将粒径为30nmSiO2/ZnO 粉体溶解与蒸馏水中,升温至 60℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为9的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2/ZnO溶解液中,在 60℃ 下搅拌 25 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 7 左右,搅拌 25min。 抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得 SiO2/ZnO/木质素复合粉体。其中SiO2/ZnO 粉体与木质素粉体的质量比为5:1;SiO2/ZnO粉体的质量比为1:1。
(2)紫外线屏蔽剂的制备
将防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌25min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌25min,调节pH到1,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速2mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,30℃水浴加热1h后即得。
(3)底布准备
底布的工艺流程:织坯→预定形→精练→碱减量→溢流染色( 定形机涤加 白)→定型→海藻酸盐处理
其中:织坯所用纱线为异形涤纶长丝,纱支规格为20D,面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,所述异形涤纶长丝的截面为三叶形;
碱减量处理的烧碱浓度为8%,仿真丝面料的碱减量为10%;海藻酸盐处理的工艺为:采用低粘度海藻酸钠制备海藻酸盐溶液,将海藻酸钠溶于蒸馏水中,搅拌20 min。按照浴比为1:40,将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐溶液中,浸泡5min,在100℃下固化5min后,将面料用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥,海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的浓度为0.1%。
(4)紫外线整理
将上述处理后的面料,按照浴比1:20浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浓度为5%,浸渍时间为5min,在100℃下固化25 min后,织物用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥即可得到本发明的面料;所制得的面料的克重为120g/m2。
实施例2
(1)防紫外线复合粉体的制备
将粒径为60nmSiO2/ZnO 粉体溶解与蒸馏水中,升温至 75℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为9的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2/ZnO溶解液中,在 75℃ 下搅拌 35 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 7 左右,搅拌 35min。 抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得 SiO2/ZnO/木质素复合粉体。其中SiO2/ZnO 粉体与木质素粉体的质量比为6:1;SiO2/ZnO粉体的质量比为1:1。
(2)紫外线屏蔽剂的制备
将防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌35min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌35min,调节pH到2,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速3mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,40℃水浴加热2h后即得。
(3)底布准备
底布的工艺流程:织坯→预定形→精练→碱减量→溢流染色( 定形机涤加 白)→定型→海藻酸盐处理
其中:织坯所用纱线为异形涤纶长丝,纱支规格为70D,面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,所述异形涤纶长丝的截面为五角星;
碱减量处理的烧碱浓度为14%,仿真丝面料的碱减量为15%;海藻酸盐处理的工艺为:采用低粘度海藻酸钠制备海藻酸盐溶液,将海藻酸钠溶于蒸馏水中,搅拌30 min。按照浴比为1:50,将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐溶液中,浸泡10min,在110℃下固化10min后,将面料用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥,海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的浓度为0.3%。
(4)紫外线整理
将上述处理后的面料,按照浴比1:25浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浓度为10%,浸渍时间为8min,在110℃下固化30 min后,织物用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥即可得到本发明的面料;所制得的面料的克重为160g/m2。
实施例3
(1)防紫外线复合粉体的制备
将粒径为100nmSiO2/ZnO 粉体溶解与蒸馏水中,升温至 90℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为10的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2/ZnO溶解液中,在 90℃ 下搅拌 45 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 7 左右,搅拌 45min。 抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得 SiO2/ZnO/木质素复合粉体。其中SiO2/ZnO 粉体与木质素粉体的质量比为8:1;SiO2/ZnO粉体的质量比为2:1。
(2)紫外线屏蔽剂的制备
将防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌45min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌45min,调节pH到3,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速4mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,60℃水浴加热3h后即得。
(3)底布准备
底布的工艺流程:织坯→预定形→精练→碱减量→溢流染色( 定形机涤加 白)→定型→海藻酸盐处理
其中:织坯所用纱线为异形涤纶长丝,纱支规格为80D,面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,所述异形涤纶长丝的截面为Y形;
碱减量处理的烧碱浓度为20%,仿真丝面料的碱减量为20%;海藻酸盐处理的工艺为:采用低粘度海藻酸钠制备海藻酸盐溶液,将海藻酸钠溶于蒸馏水中,搅拌40 min。按照浴比为1:60,将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐溶液中,浸泡15min,在120℃下固化15min后,将面料用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥,海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的浓度为0.5%。
(4)紫外线整理
将上述处理后的面料,按照浴比1:30浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浓度为15%,浸渍时间为10min,在120℃下固化45 min后,织物用水冲洗两次,并在室温下干燥即可得到本发明的面料;所制得的面料的克重为200g/m2。
对比例1
本实施例中未采用ZnO 粉体,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例2
本实施例中未采用SiO2粉体,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例3
本实施例中未采用木质素粉体,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例4
本实施例中直接采用木质素粉体作为紫外线屏蔽剂,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例5
本实施例中直接采用SiO2粉体作为紫外线屏蔽剂,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例6
本实施例中直接采用ZnO 粉体作为紫外线屏蔽剂,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
对比例7
本实施例中未进行海藻酸盐处理,其余步骤与实施例2相同。
上述实施例中各物质的购买厂家分别为:异形涤纶长丝 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司;SiO2、ZnO常州纳欧新材料科技有限公司;木质素 山东天峰化工科技有限公司;海藻酸钠 天津市祥瑞鑫化工科技有限公司;无水乙醇、冰醋酸、烧碱、蒸馏水 山东鼎盛化工有限公司。
实施例1-3与对比例的面料,进行测试,防晒性能的测试标准为GB/T 18830-2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定》 防紫外线产品,凉感性能的测试标准为GB/T 35263-2017《纺织品接触瞬间凉感性能的检测与评价》,抗菌性能的测试标准为GB/T 20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价 第 3 部分:振荡法》;透气性的测试标准为GB/T5453-1997《纺织品织物透气性的测定》遮热性的测试标准为GB/T41560-2022《纺织品遮热性能的测定》
测试结果如下表1:
10次水洗后测试结果如下表2:
对比例1-7是在实施例2的对照试验,由上表可知,通过本发明的方法制备得到的面料具有优异的功能性,特别适宜夏季服饰。从表中对比数据来看,SiO2/ZnO/木质素紫外线屏蔽剂为全波段的紫外线屏蔽剂,三者间相辅相成比其他组分紫外线屏蔽剂具有更好的防晒性能、遮热率;对比例7的洗前洗后的检测数值来看,面料经过海藻酸盐处理,提高面料功能的耐久性,特别是抗紫外线性能和抗菌性能。
以上,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (5)
1. 一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其中,面料为梭织面料,其采用的纱线为异形涤纶长丝,纱支规格为20-80D,其特征在于:利用海藻酸盐处理液对定型后的面料进行表面改性处理,所述海藻酸盐处理液中海藻酸钠的质量分数为0.1-0.5%,处理时按照浴比为1:40-60将面料浸入制备的海藻酸盐处理液中,浸泡5-15 min,在100-120℃下固化5-15min后用水冲洗并干燥,将处理后的面料按照浴比1:20-30浸在紫外线屏蔽剂中,浸渍时间为5-10 min,在100-120℃下固化25-45 min后用水冲洗并干燥;
所述紫外线屏蔽剂中具有质量分数为5-15%的防紫外线复合粉体,所述防紫外线复合粉体的制备方法为:将 SiO2 和ZnO 粉体溶解于蒸馏水中,升温至 60-90℃,将木质素粉体溶解在 pH为 9 - 10 的水溶液中,然后缓慢加入SiO2和ZnO的溶解液中,在 60-90℃ 下搅拌 25-45 min,调节混合溶液 pH 至 中性,搅拌 25-45min,经过抽滤、洗涤、烘干、研磨即得所述防紫外线复合粉体,所述防紫外线复合粉体中,SiO2 和ZnO 粉体总质量与木质素粉体的质量比不小于5:1,SiO2和ZnO的质量比不大于2:1;
所述紫外线屏蔽剂的制备方法为:将所述防紫外线复合粉体溶于乙醇水溶液中,搅拌25-45min,得到溶液A,然后将冰醋酸和蒸馏水倒入无水乙醇中,搅拌25-45min,调节pH到不大于3,得到溶液B,将溶液A缓慢滴入溶液B中,滴速2-4mL/min边滴加边搅拌,滴加完毕后,30-60℃水浴加热1-3h后即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其特征在于:面料的制备过程中还包括碱减量处理,碱减量处理的烧碱的质量分数为8%-20%,面料的碱减量为10%-20%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其特征在于:面料的梭织结构为缎纹结构,所述异形涤纶长丝的截面为三叶形、五叶形、五角星、Y形或者H形。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其特征在于:SiO2和ZnO 粉体的粒径为30-100nm。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的一种遮热防紫外线仿真丝面料的制备方法,其特征在于:制得的面料的克重为120-200g/m2。
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