CN1177523C - Method for transplanting old and noble trees - Google Patents
Method for transplanting old and noble trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN1177523C CN1177523C CNB00130108XA CN00130108A CN1177523C CN 1177523 C CN1177523 C CN 1177523C CN B00130108X A CNB00130108X A CN B00130108XA CN 00130108 A CN00130108 A CN 00130108A CN 1177523 C CN1177523 C CN 1177523C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for transplanting large trees, old trees and famous wood, which comprises the working procedures of lump lifting, reinforcement, transplant and postorder treatment, wherein the lump lifting working procedure can be determined according to a root system distributing condition and can reach 3000 cubic meters. Through mechanical calculation, root lumps are reinforced by engineering structural materials, bottom plates of the root lumps are provided with upslide ways or upslide surfaces, and floors are provided with downslide ways or downslide surfaces. Hydraulic equipment provides power for the root lumps to lift and move horizontally, a reinforcer is dismantled after the root lumps are set in place, and earth filling and maintenance are carried out. The method protects effective absorption root systems of the root lumps at full steam, survival rates are greatly improved, and the present invention is suitable for the transplant of the large trees, the old trees and the famous wood caused by construction projects.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of trees are transplanted, particularly relate to the method for a kind of big tree, ancient and well-known trees migration.
Background technology:
Trees have significant role to the ecological balance of the protection existent environment of people and the earth, and are of all times, and people are advocated as a kind of virtue and civilized conduct planting trees.In the last few years, China's economy was in development constantly, and population increases constantly, and the city is in expansion sharp, and soil, forest, trees are constantly reducing, and big tree, ancient tree are day by day rare especially.China regulation trees more than 100 years are ancient tree, according to the Ministry of Construction " eight--five ", " nine--five " generaI investigation statistics, ancient tree about 20 ten thousand strains of the whole nation more than 100 years, wherein about 20,000 strains of the ancient tree more than 1000.Ancient tree is as the historical relic of living, in environmental protection, and meteorology, geography, the hydrology, plant evolution and variation, aspects such as tree ecology research all have great scientific research value.The protection ancient tree is cultivated the generally attention that ancient tree has caused government and society.
In China's the nineties later stage, the basis is implemented to build and is entered a climax.The contradiction of construction project and ancient tree protection constantly takes place in various places.The felling ancient tree so that construction project carries out smoothly, is not allowed by various circles of society; Avoid ancient tree, often will increase huge investment, make the owner be difficult to bear again.
Example 1: Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province-Taizhou highway meets an ancient camphor tree in thousand in Sanmen County Ling Kou village.This Gu camphor tree just in time is positioned on No. 1 bridge central axis in mouth intercommunication district, mountain range of design.If detour, country will increase by more than 8,000 ten thousand investment; The relevant rules of country are violated in felling, and the local resident resolutely opposes; Because of ancient camphor tree collar empty rotten, 2 meters of diameters, high 17 meters, 22 meters on tree crown, Root Distribution with the traditional big tree transplanting technology in circle, present gardens, can't be transplanted ancient camphor tree on long 38 meters, the stone hillside of wide 12 meters, thick 0.5---1.5 rice.At present, highway has been repaiied in face of the ancient camphor tree, has to stop.Whole nation dozens of news media disclose this thing, and authorities are very awkward.
Example 2: sky way is being repaiied in the city, Hangzhou, met at Wen Huilu and last Tang crossing two at a distance of 3.8 meters, chest through about 1 meter, high about 20 meters, age of tree 300---500, the luxuriant ancient camphor tree of growing way; Two ancient camphor trees just in time shelves in the middle of the sky way that will repair.Many big camphor trees were once transplanted by locality gardens department, and having extremely has work, transplants camphor tree tall and big like this, ancient, disjunctor, does not have good plan.Detour and still cut down, the people of whole city suggestion is openly seeked the opinion of by Hangzhou government, and preliminary decision is implemented sky way and detoured.This will cause a large amount of removals of both sides building, about 6,000 ten thousand yuan of newly-increased investment; Sky way increases curve, will cause permanent disease; And the most of branches and leaves of ancient camphor tree with shade under sky way, very unfavorable to ancient camphor tree existence.
Of this sort example various places are many in addition.From above-mentioned example as can be seen, ancient tree is implemented to cut down or detour and all do something against one's will, main cause is that circle, present gardens does not also have a kind of mature technique and method that solves this type of problem.According to a preliminary estimate, from now on China every year in various construction projects because of about 3,000,000,000 yuan of this type of fund that must not spend then; Then be difficult to calculate because of haveing no alternative but to cut down the loss that big tree causes.
The present big tree transplanting in circle, gardens mainly is the requirement of satisfying urban afforestation, viewing and admiring, and can change appearance of city faster.Big tree transplanting is transplanted with general sapling and is compared, and is characterized in that big tree has huge tree body and sizable weight, often to finish by certain machinery, and as crane, automobile, the machine etc. of planting trees.Can transplanting big tree successful, depends primarily on root and absorb what of root in sticking together, and absorbs root the more, and survival rate is just high more.
For making the root Nei Duosheng that sticks together absorb root, big tree transplanting will shift to an earlier date one to the several years perfecting program, chooses the transplanting object, the short measure that absorbs root of giving birth to that sticks together of contracting of taking to be completely cured.Being completely cured contracts sticks together and is meant that in advance 2-3 is transplanting the week ditching of object root, and the distance that ditch leaves trunk is 5 times of trunk warp, finishes 1/2-1/3 every year, digs in opposite directions, and radicula digs disconnected, and thick root ringing is coated with root-growing agent, and landfill waters then.Behind the 2-3, root has sticked together more absorption root inside and outside newborn.During transplanting, for alleviating the root weight that sticks together, the root topsoil that sticks together is rooted out, primitive root sticks together and amplifies excavation a little.The packing that root sticks together has two kinds: a kind of is flexible package, and root sticks together and scrapes out spherically, is suitable for chest through 10-15 centimetre big tree; Root sticks together ball less than 1.3 meters, with rush bag, straw rope wrapping; The shape of wrapping has orange shape, groined type, pentagon.Another kind method is rigid package, and root sticks together and packs with square chest, is suitable for chest through 15-30 centimetre big tree; Root sticks together behind the wall excavation, accomplishes trapezoidally, surrounds root with the plank of fixing and sticks together, and binds with steel wire rope, and fix with iron sheet the corner; Supportted wall then, dug down and feel out, nailed on base plate, added the wood support and reinforce.Root stick together reinforce good after, with crane root is sticked together and to hang on the automobile, transport to the place of planting, hang down root to stick together, put into foundation ditch, remove packing, banket, apply fertilizer, tread, water.
Big tree transplanting has frozen soil ball grafting at northern frore area, is suitable for the root system winter hardy tree species, excavate root in the season of water-sprinkling Cheng Bing and stick together, root stick together and the road of hauling on water-sprinkling, the root that is frozen into native ball is sticked together on the ice face haul to the place of transplanting.The seeds that are easy to survive for transplanting, as willow, Chinese scholartree, deciduous trees such as ginkgo also can naked transplanting; The trees chest is advisable through 10-20 centimetre, and indivedual seeds such as Chinese scholartree chest also can move work through 40-50 centimetre; Carry out season before the rudiment in spring, the capable heavy pruning of tree crown; After root sticked together and digs out, soil was removed in carefulness, protected bark and fibrous root as possible; It is moistening that root will keep.The big tree transplanting machine be a kind of on automobile or tractor controllable spoon shovel shape mechanical device, the taper root can be sticked together and once dig out, be transported to then and transplant the place, machinery directly sticks together root and puts into tree well, and numerous links of big tree transplanting are finished by machinery, efficient is very high.
From the above mentioned, the key that transplanting big tree survives is to absorb what of root in root sticks together, and size that root sticks together or weight are to absorb what sign of root.At present in circle, the gardens big tree transplanting technology, size that root sticks together and weight are subjected to crane, the restriction of the machine of planting trees, haulage vehicle, general super only 50 tons.Meet the situation of similar example 1, example 2, the big tree transplanting technology on circle, gardens is just powerless at present.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is: for big tree, ancient and well-known trees migration provide a kind of method, the protection that runs in the project construction is set greatly to properly settle, the problem of ancient tree, avoids big tree, ancient tree to be cut down, and saves substantial contribution again.
The present invention implements like this:
At first selected big tree (1) is excavated trench all around and form root stick together (4); Reinforce root stick together (4) form wall (5) and the base plate (6) that root sticks together, resemble big tree (1) be put into inside huge " flowerpot "; Root sticks together and establishes sliding way (7) or upglide surface (7) on the base plate (6); Root sticks together on the ground under the base plate (6) or sets slideway (8) on the ground supporter; Establish sliding surface (16) or rolling layer (16) between glide path (8) and sliding way (6).The root wall (5) that sticks together, the root base plate (6) that sticks together, sliding way (7), glide path (8), sliding surface (16), rolling layer (16) is made up of general structural timber, and its physical dimension determines by Mechanics Calculation.The weight W that root sticks together (12) is passed to sliding way (7) by the root base plate (6) that sticks together, and passes to sliding surface (16) or rolling layer (16) again, is distributed to ground by glide path (8) at last.Root sticks together in (4) transition process, and ground supports power P (13) and root stick together that weight W (12) equates and oppositely.Root stick together motive force F1 (9), root stick together the power source of tractive force F2 (10) can be by multiple mode, general F1 (9) can be provided by hydraulic test, F2 (10) can be provided by assembly pulley.According to concrete migration situation, root stick together motive force F1 (9) and root stick together tractive force F2 (10) optional one of them.Root sticks together (4) when mobile, and sliding surface (16) is gone up and produced frictional force f (11), and its size and the root weight W (12) that sticks together is relevant with coefficient of friction.F1 (9) or F2 (10) overcome friction f (11), root stick together (4) just can move.Root stick together (4) move to precalculated position (15), remove root stick together wall (5) and base plate (6), backfill soil is also taked a series of maintenance measures.Root stick together (4) migration can be divided into translation, three kinds of basic forms are rotated in lifting; According to big tree (1) migration position absolute altitude and place different, root (4) translation that sticks together can be divided into root again and sticks together (4) moving and the root two kinds of forms of (4) lifting on the inclined-plane that stick together on the horizontal plane; Root (4) lifting that sticks together has liter-translation, translation-fall, rises-translation-fall three kinds of forms.The elevating translational of (4) directly provides support power (13) by ground because root sticks together, and present engineering mechanical device such as hydraulic test can provide powerful vertical top lift and horizontal thrust, root stick together the volume of (4) can be fully according to the actual distribution decision of big tree root system (2), hectostere in full, the weight that last kilostere, root stick together (12) can reach several kilotons.This just big quantum jump traditional big tree transplanting method to the stick together restriction of weight of root, the problem that similar example 1, example 2 are such just can solve in this way.
Effect of the present invention and advantage are as follows:
This method has broken through the lifting of traditional big tree transplanting crane to the stick together restriction of weight of root; root (4) slippage or roll and move under the effect of external force (9), (10) on the spot that sticks together; the size of (4) can stick together according to the actual distribution decision root of big tree root system (2); the root weight (12) that sticks together can reach several kilotons; the absorption root system (2) of big tree can obtain abundant must the protection; migration back big tree survival rate is very high, and can not be subject to seasonal restrictions, and is suitable for the such especially big trees of similar example 1, example 2, the migration of ancient and well-known trees especially.This method has very properly solved the problem that runs in similar example 1, example 2 construction projects, can make a lot of big trees, ancient and well-known trees exempt from the calamity of felling, can be the owner and saves huge investment because of spending then.This method has obvious social and huge economic benefit.
Description of drawings:
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.Be labeled as among the figure: 1 big tree or ancient tree, the 2 interior root systems that stick together, the 3 outer root systems that stick together, 4 stick together, 5 walls that stick together, 6 base plates that stick together, 7 sliding ways or upglide surface, 8 glide paths or glide slope, 9 motive force F1 that stick together, 10 tractive force F2 that stick together, 11 slippages or roll and move face frictional force f, 12 weight W that stick together, 13 ground supports power, 14 former address that stick together, 15 new addresses that stick together, 16 slide surfaces or rolling layer.
For determining the stick together size of (4) of root, survey big tree root system (2), method has mining method, profile method, and radioactivity is shown The track Atom Method. Stick together reinforcing (5), (6) material of root has steel, concrete, and armored concrete gives stress armored concrete, waits the worker The journey structural material. Stick together base plate (6) construction of root can be taked the methods such as prefabricated jacking, supporting excavation. Root stick together the frame mode (5) reinforced, (6), (7) have assembly unit, build, or the two is furthermore. Stick together wall (5) and root of root sticks together and puts burlap or straw bag between (4). If geological condition License, root stick together and can be designed to the plane below the base plate (6) and do sliding way (7), and glide path (8) is done in ground after reinforcing, the root baseplane that sticks together (6) slide at ground level (8), root sticks together, and weight (12) is even to distribute by ground supports (13). (4) too big or geological condition if root sticks together Disapprove, root sticks together bottom (6) along migratory direction by jacking and the excavation construction formation above sliding ways in 2 roads (7), in sliding way (7) On put beam slab (6) the support root weight (12) that sticks together, to be rigidly connected the root root system (2) that sticks together perpendicular to stick together end face and sliding way (7) of the root of slideway The stick together wall of outer root system (3) of traction can be reinforced with steel truss or reinforced concrete truss. Arrange together in the corresponding ground of sliding way (7) The glide path of sample quantity (8). Up and down slideway face (16) can be established the steel plate sliding surface, also can (16) establish the roller bearing rolling between the up and down slideway face, With capable of reducing friction resistance. Roller bearing can be used rod iron, steel pipe, and steel pipe reinforced-concrete, steel fiber reinforced concrete are also shut two ends.
The stick together root system (2) of (4) of big tree (1) migration root takes following measure to process:
Be completely cured. Also make the contracting of being completely cured stick together. According to the root system butt of trees and the correlation of lateral root, cut off butt, be conducive to promote side Root new life. Some big tree growing way is weak, and newborn ability is completely cured and will be strictly grasped, general 20% of the root system total amount that do not surpass. If the time allows, in big tree migration in two years, in the direction certain limit of the four corners of the world, the zanjon of excavation 1*4m, cut every year The part root system of two directions of disconnected big tree is cut in opposite directions. Scope will be apart from the actual conditions of root system and is decided, and is generally 5 times of tree-walk, Radicula cuts off, but thick root girding is coated with root-inducing powder, wrapping. Banket, having peace of mind is poured water, supporting. The method should enter the winter Front enforcement.
Short root. When the contracting of being completely cured sticks together, in (4) scope that sticks together at root, thoroughly pour water and add the ABT root-growing agent. The ABT root-growing agent is A kind of root-inducing promoter of efficient, broad spectrum activity. The ABT root-growing agent accelerates the healing of otch, shortens rootage duration, promotes adventitious root Former basic meristematic cell is divided into a plurality of tips of a root, is a bunch shape, and burst is taken root. The method should be implemented before entering the winter. At this moment, Big tree (1) aerial part relative dormancy, and root system (2) is still being grown whole winter, under the stimulation of root-growing agent, can impel root (4) interior newborn a large amount of absorption root sticks together. When Second Year root in spring sticked together (4) migration, new root generated in a large number. At this moment, big tree (1) Unbalance to the dehydration that excavation, transpiration cause, had good root system (2) basis, be to guarantee that big tree (1) moves survive important Measure.
Get to the bottom of it. Since the complexity of the sometimes asymmetry of big tree root system (2) and migration geology, if do not adopt an effective measure, Big tree migration engineering will be lost the whole outer root system (3) that sticks together of damage. Survive principle according to the trees migration, the forfeiture of mass efficient root system, To jeopardize big tree migration survives. Trying one's best keeps the outer root system (3) that sticks together, and is the successful essential condition of big tree migration. Entering the winter Before the contracting of being completely cured stick together when excavating, the outer effective root system (3) that sticks together is taked to demand the method for excavation, excavate along root, unless it is necessary continuous Root. Process then wound, wrapping is drawn, and buries, when spring in the coming year, root sticked together (4) migration, by dragging the root method to process.
Drag root. This measure is that characteristics propose with migration engineering characteristics according to big tree root. If the root system (2) of big tree divides Cloth is extremely unbalanced, and root sticks together interior absorption root seldom, and a large amount of effective root systems is outside root sticks together in the certain limit, for guaranteeing big tree (1) Move successfully, must keep the root outer effective root system (3) that sticks together. These roots are stayed root and are sticked together outside (4), must not cut off, and take phase The measure of answering makes the root outer root system (3) that sticks together keep fresh and alive. Root sticks together (4) when mobile, these root systems (3) with root stick together (4) drag and walk to New address (15) is buried in place. During big tree (1) migration, the damage root system is less, and the outer root system (3) that sticks together that drags is still in effective work, Having kept to greatest extent underground and water metabolism balance aerial part, is the important measures that big tree (1) migration survives.
Embodiment:
Be most preferred embodiment with example 1 below, describe step of the invention process and method in detail.
The ancient camphor tree migrating technology of mountain range mouth scheme
1. ancient camphor tree migration scheme comparison
1.1 ancient camphor tree migration scheme
According to mountain range mouth intercommunication district project situation and terrain, the possible scheme in ancient camphor tree migration new address has 3:
1). west, ancient camphor tree present location, bridge axis Taizhou--in the oblique 60m Ling Kou village, a Ningbo direction left side.
2). southwest, ancient camphor tree present location, bridge axis Taizhou-preceding level land, oblique 80m Ling Kou village, a Ningbo direction left side.
3). the southeast, ancient camphor tree present location, the level land, river valley between the right oblique 70m in bridge axis Taizhou-Ningbo direction, No. 1 bridge-No. 7 bridge.
1.2 scheme comparison
Scheme comparison is as follows:
Scheme 1: the about 60m of this scheme migration distance.Ancient camphor tree migration back ecotope is similar to ancient camphor tree present location, still is under the toe of the south of the Five Ridges, north, Ling Kou village, does not have north wind, and the Chaoyang is subjected to four seasons wind effect little.Soil is the long-pending Plain of mountain range mouth force processing cobble argillic horizon, and is similar to the present location.Ground elevation 37m, groundwater level depth 1.5m.This scheme number row house owed by a citizen of need removing, the removal expense height.Ancient camphor tree enclosure wall about 2m above ground level influences Ling Kou village present situation.
Scheme 2: the about 80m of this scheme migration distance.The level land, ground elevation 37.5m, groundwater level depth 1.5m.Need to remove 1 row's house owed by a citizen.Ancient camphor tree 1.5m above ground level influences little to the villager.Soil is similar to the present location.Towards constant.Be subjected to Ling Kou river valley wind effect big than scheme 1.Migration is by way of a river, and engineering cost is than scheme 1 height.
Scheme 3: this scheme is on the level land, river valley between No. 1 bridge in mouth intercommunication district, mountain range and No. 7 bridges.Ground elevation 36m, groundwater level depth 1.4m, soil property is a valley plain alluviation cobble argillic horizon (I5), the thick 14.3m of layer depth.Construction is at present rockfilled in a large number, and ancient camphor tree moves in this, needs to remove the cubic meter of stone, builds cut-pff wall, fills out new soil in a large number.Need to consider flood influence, and build masonry dam by laying bricks or stones.Ancient camphor tree wind-engaging has the greatest impact.Need cut off the river in Zhejiang Province during construction and face provincial highway.The ornamental value of ancient camphor tree is better than scheme 1,2.
Overall merit is as follows
The ecological moving costs removal cost of ancient camphor tree ornamental value
The scheme 1 excellent middle discrepancy in elevation
Scheme 2 excellent differences of height
1.3 suggested design
Overall merit: suggested design 1.Alternative scheme 3.
2. technology is prepared before the ancient camphor tree migration
2.1 preparation of construction
When possessing the condition of marching into the arena, begin to march into the arena and prepare to construct.Perform following work: 1). the construction enveloping field. in order to ensure construction safety, before the construction construction site is sealed with the 1.5m corrugated tile, forbidden the unrelated person turnover.2). builder's road. outside foundation ditch,, dig the haul volume turnover to make things convenient for facility, material by highway one side setting.3). an internal drainage. bright drain ditch is set around foundation ditch, imports sump and sedimentation basin, enter sewerage again.4). the place is used in construction. comprise sandstone material factory, steel, Wood Processing field, equipment and materials field, temporary dormitory etc. 5). the construction water power. set up the water and electricity supply system, water source, power supply are attracted by neighbouring.
Visit 2.2 geology is detailed
Geologic basis is mouth intercommunication district, mountain range test boring figure around the ancient camphor tree of judgement at present, and the record that specifically is applied to ancient camphor tree migration engineering is still not exhaustive, therefore must carry out detailed geological prospecting.
1). geological prospecting around the ancient camphor tree.
Ancient camphor tree north side is a hillside, and the hillside is the severely-weathered basement rock of VIIb2 layer, and hillside descending slope and basement rock buried depth are not quite clear, and the hillside is not quite clear to the stick together influence of moving the thing both sides of root.Do not have the detailed geologic information of root around sticking together, root sticks together and can not excavate, so must detailedly visit.
2). the exploration of ancient camphor tree migration slideway.
3). ancient camphor tree migration new address exploration.
2.3 ancient camphor tree soil, blade, underground water sample analysis
1). ancient camphor tree blade sampling, analyze.
2). ancient camphor tree present location soil, new address soil, recent fill soil sample, analyze.
3). ancient camphor tree present location, the sampling of new address underground water, analyze.
2.4 ancient camphor tree maintenance before the winter
1). remove the ancient camphor tree refuse soil on top layer on every side.
2). plough deeply 0.6--0.8m in the 10*10m around the ancient camphor tree and loosen the soil, note the protection root system, do not hinder thick root, the root system compact district is shallow turns over.
3). fertilising is fixed according to soil, foliar analysis.Can execute organic cake fertilizer, 1000g/m3 loosens the soil; Execute multi-component composite fertilizer, 350g/m3 loosens the soil, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer before the winter.Water permeable.
4). with No. 3 root-growing agents, by the explanation preparation, root is irritated in dilution.
2.5 ancient camphor tree root system is surveyed
Purpose: clear and definite ancient camphor tree Root Distribution; Accurately determine size, volume and weight that ancient camphor tree migration root sticks together, this to ancient camphor tree migration engineering is and is extremely important.Step and method that ancient camphor tree root system is surveyed are as follows:
1). utilize tracer method, the radioactivity contour around the ancient camphor tree of drawing is drawn root system plane distribution profile diagram.
2). utilize root system mining method and profile method.There is the direction of a pair of pick ditch must be identical with the direction of ancient camphor tree migration, successively from 10m, 7.5m, 5m has dug, can be according to the length and the depth of how many decision excavations of root system.Draw the root system profile and cut open plane root system plane.
3). root system plane distribution profile diagram and root system excavated cut open plane and combine, can understand the three-dimensional distribution situation of ancient camphor tree root system, determine geometry and size that root sticks together in view of the above.The utilization method of getting to the bottom of it is dragged the root method, quantity that the method for being completely cured, final decision are completely cured and position.Big root saw end, radicula is cut off, and handles wound.Handle the outer root system that sticks together with root-growing agent.Draw.Bury.Water permeable.
4). points for attention: can open working face for improving excavation speed more.It is moistening that root system keeps, anti-air-dry, is exposed to the sun.October, excavation was wanted frost damage prevention, frostbite.
.2.6 ancient camphor tree is reinforced
1). at ancient camphor tree trunk crotch triangle or four angle bar frames are set, and stability fundamental is arranged.This support is permanent support, tilts to prevent external force influence in the ancient camphor tree transition process and the typhoon influence between curing period.Steel bracket and ancient camphortree bark contact position pad rubber slab, and clamp and can not slide, in order to avoid the damage bark.
2). around ancient camphor tree trunk, φ 50mm steel pipe scaffold is set in the tree crown scope, 1m * 1m spacing highly exceeds treetop 1m.Scaffold can be used as tree crown and prunes, and the platform of operation such as lightning rod is installed in disease regulation, and supported and suspended puggaree and spray facility, simultaneously, ancient camphor tree limb is played a supportive role.
2.7 training before the winter
Before the Gu Zhangdong 3 central authorities leaders are done for dried section,, handle wound the water sprout shaping.Branches and leaves are most of to be kept, and interior thorax branches and leaves are motionless.Cut the highly about 12m of ancient camphor tree after the dried shaping, ancient camphor tree is preced with the about 12m of the width of cloth, and forming one is the center of circle with ancient camphor tree collar, and radius is the ball-shaped of 12m.
2.8 set up spray facility and puggaree
On scaffold, set up the spray facility, evenly distribute around tree crown.Cover puggaree on scaffold, vertical position stays ventilating layer one for per 3 meters, and a unsaturated zone is reserved at the top.
2.9 ancient camphor tree spray, maintenance
During the whole engineering and between curing period, sprinkling equipment is according to weather and condition of construction, regularly, regularly spray, keeps blade face moisture, builds microclimate, supplies with foliar fertilizer.
3. ancient camphor tree migration construction
Migration is prepared 3.1 root sticks together.
Prepare material, facility, precast concrete, steel construction prefabricated component etc.Carrying out stick together excavation, migration of root prepares.
3.2 interim sidewalk construction
If embodiment 3 will be cut off the river in Zhejiang Province and face highway.Interim sidewalk has two kinds of schemes:
1). cross Zhu Aoxi by No. 7 bridges, manage to detour in pearl Ao small stream east side.
2). reserve the 8m sidewalk between pearl Ao small stream west side and scheme 3, treat that Gu Zhanggen sticks together to move past the river in Zhejiang Province and face highway, recover to rob accessible by road, sidewalk is removed, and root sticks together in place according to plan.
3.2 glide path excavation and construction
1). measure the width that slideway is determined in the back according to landform, press 14m temporarily and consider that the drain ditch of 1m is stayed on every limit, put the slope according to the fixed sloping ratio of soil property, adopt well-points dewatering, machinery is cut the earth, artificial brush slope.Well-points dewatering is by the dark 6m in hole, vertical tube L=8m, spacing 2m, predominant tube diameter 100mm.2 centrifugal pumps or vavuum pump are set, and pipeline length is controlled in the 120m.
2). glide path adopts reinforced concrete long strip type basis, wide 1m, totally five roads, thick 1250mm, the C25 concrete, and pre-embedded steel slab 10mm is thick, steel plate is smooth.Support with rolling bar between up and down slideway.Rolling bar adopts diameter 90mm thickened steel-tube, and interior filling C30 fine-stone concrete adds the end envelope, and spacing is 500mm, length 950mm.
3.3 migration new address excavation
1). determine ancient camphor tree center, new address.15m draws circle with radius, according to root stick together thickness, the new old site of ancient camphor tree absolute altitude, digs the degree of depth under determining.2), put the slope, precipitation draws water, excavation, letter sorting erratic boulder, cobble are checked absolute altitude.3)。The new address is provided with compiling of construction period insulated stream and drains facility.4)。Drainage blanket is set.5)。Build ancient camphor tree enclosure wall by laying bricks or stones, underground is dry-laid rubble, and on the ground for grouting the rectangular slab of stone, building stones are gathered materials on the spot.The enclosure wall external vertical, the slope is put in inside, and top width 0.25m by DESIGN OF RETAINING WALLS, stays osculum on the ground.
3.4 beta pruning in early spring
Root is not thoroughly pruned by training figure when twig germinates before sticking together and excavating, and once finishes.Branches and leaves prune 1/2 off in principle.The peripheral heavy pruning of tree crown, interior thorax light pruning, the branch wound is handled without exception.
The whole excavation 3.5 root sticks together
1). dig at root system on the basis of spy, by the root of the determining size excavation that sticks together.Horizontal size will be amplified 0.15m, to keep new life's in winter root system.2). the outer root system that sticks together chases after and digs, and keeps its integrality, and handles wound rapidly, smears root-growing agent.Swathe water spray, sunshade with burlap, straw rope.3). carry out foundation pit enclosure and well-points dewatering work.4). forbid mechanical equivalent of light excavation.Hand excavation and careful protection root system.The root section that sticks together sprays with root-growing agent, covers burlap, straw bag, regularly water spray.5). excavation is finished, Gu Zhanggen stick together size 24*12*4m and a certain amount of outer root system that sticks together of traction.
The reinforcing 3.6 root sticks together
1). root sticks together behind the global formation, ties up with white palm rope.The casting steel reinforced concrete dado.The effect of retaining wall has three: one, anchor root stick together and can not scatter, and keep moisture.Its two, have certain integral rigidity.Support other facility weight on top.Its three, when mobile, bear lateral pressure and gravity.Answer preburied component, so that all there is reliable connection the upper and lower.Just decide wall thickness 300mm and configuration reinforcement.
2). bottom sticking together, reinforces root.Enlarge in right amount or dwindle its end supporting surface according to the stick together root system development situation of bottom of root.According to the geological stratification situation, basis, its underpart is gravel and erratic boulder stratum, should not use big machinery jacking and excavation, therefore adopts pilot tunnel substep mining method.Concrete grammar is: stick together below the end absolute altitude at root, divide four working face excavation pilot tunnels from the both sides, front and back, the about 1.8m*2m of section, pilot tunnel irritate logical back upper and lower slideway of casting armored concrete in the hole; And then to stick together bottom driving of root, stick together heavily with digging with supporting top with steel, wood, until the root all perforations of bottom that stick together; The casting root end floor beam that sticks together forms the armored concrete general frame.The floor beam that sticks together root adopts the I25 I-steel, the every long 4m of crossbeam, and interim support is established in the centre.Use the pipe shed method advance support, in case top soil stone falls.
3). the support and connection that stick together of ground supports and root.1. retaining wall top is supported with ancient camphor tree should reliable the connection, so that power transmission.2. the stick together scaffold stand on top of retaining wall and root is connected.More than connecting should be at retaining wall top pre-embedded steel slab and bolt.
3.7 horizontal thrust system construction
Characteristics according to this engineering: moving direction adopts single direction, and level is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, and adopts control hydraulic jack system automatically.Can guarantee construction synchronously evenly, the thrust safety and steady.The average speed limit value is not more than 10mm/min.Being provided with of back adopts theory of passive pressure of soil to be designed to the concrete diaphragm wall, and configuration reinforcement concrete counter-force pier.
3.8 ancient camphor tree is moved
Examination moves: when root stick together reinforce finish after, be separated into an independently removable cell cube.Checking that each pushing tow point and root stick together has or not reliable contact point, can carry out examination first time and move, inspection starting situation.Slowly start, amount of movement is advisable with 5-10cm.Stop, check the situation of each system,, carry out again formally moving if normal.
Guiding facility: adopt reinforced concrete pier and slide plate basis to be connected as a single entity, and keep 50mm adjustment seam.
The protection of outer root system sticks together: when root sticks together migration, establish special messenger's outer root system of being responsible for sticking together, and anti-being exposed to the sun, air-dry, damage, keep fresh and alive.
Construction monitoring: 1. perform the record of ancient camphor tree reset condition before going into operation, comprise and taking pictures, work such as shooting, mark set enough control points.Should constantly observe the relevant controlling absolute altitude that no change is arranged during the excavation strengthening construction.When mobile, should constantly tightly monitor the variation of each slideway pace, each point displacement size, bottom deformation value, ancient camphor tree perpendicularity and relative displacement etc., and perform record.If note abnormalities the adjustment that to take immediate steps.It is perfectly safe to accomplish.Each one of on-the-spot outfit theodolite and precision level.2. when moving construction, should check security system, unrelated person is withdrawn the scene comprehensively, and is strict with the operational procedure construction.
If embodiment 3, then root sticks together and moves past the river in Zhejiang Province and face highway, rob logical rapidly.
3.9 the new address is in place
After moving to the precalculated position: 1. detect absolute altitude.According to water table measure, the reposition root end face absolute altitude that sticks together should be raised 1 meter than original position absolute altitude.2. ancient camphor tree towards.Ancient camphor tree new address and former address towards must not changing, must original sunshine of maintenance photosynthetic condition.Root top bottom fill, sandblast, grouting treatment.4. relevant administrative department checks the new address situation, adds their confirmation.
3.10 remove irrelevant facility
The interim reinforcing facility that influences root growth all need be removed, as white palm rope, and straw bag, burlap, steel etc.; The concrete structure is carried out static blasting or cutting disassembling, and clean out outside the venue.
3.11 backfill, the outer root system that applies fertilizer, sticks together are laid and new and old interface processing
1). the ground surface soil backfill in ancient camphor tree new address, deficiency is filled out new soil.2). according to kind, the quantity that the soil analysis result determines backfill soil, recent fill fertilising, manually prepare backfill soil.3). backfill soil is buried special material underground, strengthens the porosity and the gas permeability of soil layer.4). place the outer root system that sticks together by Root Distribution figure, keep former locus as far as possible.5). handle the root new and old interface that sticks together well.6). irrigate normal root water.
4. the maintenance after the ancient camphor tree migration
4.1 ancient camphor tree protection
1). for preventing thunderbolt, on the ancient camphor tree trunk ogival lightning rod is set, and exceeds more than the branch 5M, introduce underground by the round steel of diameter 12.2). 10*10m stone is set around the ancient camphor tree protects and block high 1.2m.Forbid in the fence scope that personnel and animal enter.3). ground plantation alternate plant around the ancient camphor tree.
4.2 ancient camphor tree disease management
1). collar rotten hole regulation.2). trunk rotten hole regulation.3). no skin trunk regulation.
4.3 environmental harmony
1). the outstanding enclosure wall in ancient camphor tree ground will be coordinated with Ling Kou village surrounding environment.And the consideration existing road, draining, government benchmark etc.2). ancient camphor tree former address, slideway backfill, construction site cleaning.3) if. embodiment 5, consider coordination with the integrated planning of intercommunication district.
4.4 ancient camphor tree later stage maintenance
The maintenance of ancient camphor tree comprises the following aspects, and the time was with 2 years.1). regularly regularly ancient camphor tree is sprayed operation such as water.2). fertilising regularly.April, June, August are executed a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer to root.Move back in place and executed foliage fertilizer " southern woods rejuvenation element " in every month.3). observe and carry out record.4) the .9 month is removed scaffold, sunshade.5) special messenger keeps an eye in the .2.
4.5 sum up, identify, check and accept
1). the finishing engineering data, write engineering and sum up and the materials of identification.2). the ancient camphor tree migration of mountain range mouth project application traffic department, the technical appraisement at the provincial and ministerial level of forest department and historical relic department.3). after root sticks together migration position in place, should carry out the interim acceptance of work by relevant department.When ancient camphor tree protection is a lightning rod, to install to protect and block facility, should organize second stage after the work of banketing is finished is completion acceptance, as the final acceptance of construction of this work; Data, asset handover.1 year curing period, finished, and promptly the warranty period finishes, and this engineering is all over.
Claims (6)
1. the method for one kind big tree, ancient and well-known trees migration, comprise root system (2) detection, root stick together (4) excavation, root stick together (4) reinforce, root stick together (4) move, root (4) the postorder treatment process that sticks together is characterized in that: 1). it is to visit and three-dimensional distribution of root system (2) that instrument is understood fully migrating objects (1) with manually digging that said root system is surveyed, and the stick together shape and size of (4) of definite in view of the above root; 2). the said excavation that sticks together is to survey to rise in the distribution of root system (2) according to root system to stick together, and the outer root system (3) that sticks together can chase after and dig traction; 3). the said reinforcing that sticks together is root girder (4) to be reinforced with structural timber according to Mechanics Calculation, the formation root sticks together and adds solid-surface (5) and base plate (6), the root base plate (6) that sticks together is established sliding way (7) or upglide surface (7), sets slideway (8) or glide slope (8) on the ground; 4). said sticks together and move to refer to that root sticks together (4) under the effect of external force, overcomes sliding surface frictional force (11), rolls along slideway or sliding surface (16) and moves or slippage; 5). said postorder handle refer to migrating objects (1) from the former address (14) roll and move or slide onto new address (15), remove the root stiffener that sticks together, backfill soil is also taked the maintenance measure.
2. according to the method for the said big tree of claim 1, ancient and well-known trees migration, it is characterized in that root stick together (4) move and comprise translation, lifting, 3 kinds of modes of rotation and combination thereof.
3. according to the method for the said big tree of claim 1, ancient and well-known trees migration, it is characterized in that root the stick together thrust and the tractive force of (4) translation, rotation of vertical support power, the root of (4) lifting that sticks together is provided by hydraulic machinery and assembly pulley.
4. according to the method for the said big tree of claim 1, ancient and well-known trees migration, it is characterized in that the stick together volume of (4) of root reaches 3000 cubic metres, weight reaches 5000 tons.
5. according to the method for the said big tree of claim 1, ancient and well-known trees migration, it is characterized in that the root stiffener that sticks together, up and down slideway or sliding surface up and down, the used structural timber of slideway (16) comprises steel, armored concrete, gives stress armored concrete, steel and concrete structure, timber.
6. according to the method for the said big tree of claim 1, ancient and well-known trees migration, it is characterized in that root system (2) is taked to be completely cured, short root, get to the bottom of it, drag the measure of root to handle, to improve survival rate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB00130108XA CN1177523C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Method for transplanting old and noble trees |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB00130108XA CN1177523C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Method for transplanting old and noble trees |
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| CN1296735A CN1296735A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
| CN1177523C true CN1177523C (en) | 2004-12-01 |
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| CNB00130108XA Expired - Lifetime CN1177523C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Method for transplanting old and noble trees |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1316870C (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2007-05-23 | 四川大学 | Secondary root-changing method for senile old pine |
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| CN100356840C (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-12-26 | 四川大学 | Tree pseudo deep planting method |
| CN101411298B (en) * | 2008-11-01 | 2010-12-08 | 洪伟忠 | Method for quickly lifting large and middle seedlings with earth |
| CN102487780B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-07-24 | 宋慎汉 | Transplanting method of big camphor trees |
| TWI457551B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-10-21 | Taiwan Forestry Res Inst | Safety Judgment Method of Tree Root Holding Force |
| CN103004553A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-03 | 浙江城建建设集团有限公司 | Large-sized seedling transplanting construction device |
| CN105210771B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-06-15 | 成都高山乌天麻种植有限公司 | Landscape tree cultivates formative method |
| CN105165445B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-12-19 | 永靖县刘家峡新兴园艺有限责任公司 | Trunk urges the technology of root in-situ protection and the ancient wood of rejuvenation name tree |
| CN106358626B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2020-02-11 | 王黔萍 | Method for cultivating big tree with upward root and transplanting big tree |
| CN106358963A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | Transplantation method for accelerating successful tree vigor recovery of transplanted crape myrtle |
| CN107041278A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-15 | 中铁九局集团第四工程有限公司 | The method that tall and big rare tree species are transplanted with " light rail " method |
| CN108668772A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-19 | 饶先梅 | A kind of means for correcting to raise fruit trees for slope |
| CN110574571A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-17 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | Method for changing roots of honey plum planting |
-
2000
- 2000-10-13 CN CNB00130108XA patent/CN1177523C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1316870C (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2007-05-23 | 四川大学 | Secondary root-changing method for senile old pine |
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| CN1296735A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
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