CN117610287A - Three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground fault of direct-current system of transformer substation - Google Patents
Three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground fault of direct-current system of transformer substation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of a direct-current system of a transformer substation belongs to the field of transformer substation digitization. The method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional model of a direct current system of a transformer substation; adding fault points on each section of cable of the three-dimensional model of the direct current system; for each fault point, establishing an association relation between the fault point and the state of the upper-level switch set; clicking a fault point, and setting a grounding resistor; calculating the voltages of the positive bus and the negative bus to the ground according to the grounding resistance and the state of the switch set associated with the fault point; the voltage magnitude is expressed in a three-dimensional visual manner. According to the method, the three-dimensional model of the direct current system of the transformer substation is built, the running condition of the direct current system under the condition of single-point grounding in the system is displayed in a three-dimensional visual mode, the simulation of the direct current single-point grounding fault is realized in a three-dimensional visual mode, and the maintenance work under the condition of the fault of the direct current system can be improved. The simulation method can be widely applied to the fields of substation digitization and direct current ground fault simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of substation digitization, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional visual simulation method for a single-point ground fault of a substation direct-current system.
Background
At present, a control loop, a relay protection device, an outlet loop and a signal loop of a transformer substation are powered by a direct current power supply, and a system for powering the loop, the relay protection device and the power equipment is called a direct current system.
The dc system is an important system of the substation, and it is necessary to have a perfect and reliable dc system in order to ensure safe and economical operation of the power plant and the substation.
When the positive or negative pole of the dc system has reduced to a certain set level, it is collectively referred to as dc ground.
If only one point of the direct current system is grounded, direct damage to the direct current system is not caused, but under the condition, the relay protection device can be refused to operate or malfunction, the operation risk exists, and the fault must be eliminated in time. When the direct current system has multipoint grounding faults, the grounding short circuit can be formed to cause relay protection, signal and misoperation or refusal of automatic devices. Even the direct current fuse is caused, so that the protection and automatic device and the control loop lose power.
The invention patent application with the application publication date of 2017.06.27 and the application publication number of CN 106896293A discloses a single-phase grounding simulation modeling system of a power distribution network, which is characterized in that complex network branches are integrated and simplified, and a main stream fault line selection method can be subjected to qualitative simulation analysis. The single-phase grounding fault line selection method aims at the factors influencing the single-phase grounding fault line selection of the distribution network, including line types, fault positions, grounding resistance and initial phase angles, can simulate the current change characteristics of the grounding fault, the current change characteristics of different injection signal modes, the current change characteristics of different input resistances/reactance currents and related electrical quantity characteristics, so that the single-phase grounding is not grounded at a neutral point, when the neutral point is grounded through an arc suppression coil, the fault characteristics generally change regularly, and can also verify the single-phase grounding line selection and positioning method of the distribution network. The single-phase grounding simulation model of the power distribution network has strong applicability and wide simulation range. However, the system is only suitable for qualitative analysis of transient characteristics and steady-state characteristics of a neutral point ungrounded system and a neutral point single-phase grounding fault generated by an arc suppression coil grounding system.
The application publication date is 2022.05.17, and the invention patent application with the application publication number of CN 114509958A discloses a system and a method for simulating single-phase grounding of a power distribution network based on a three-section arc resistance model, wherein the system comprises a 220kV incoming line; the 220kV incoming line is provided with a 66kV system in a single bus form, and a grounding transformer is arranged on the 66kV bus; the neutral point of the grounding transformer is provided with an arc suppression coil and a small resistor, and the arc suppression coil and the small resistor are used for simulating different grounding modes of the neutral point; the 66kV bus is provided with feeder lines of different circuit types and is used for single-phase grounding simulation of the power distribution network of different circuit combinations; the feeder is provided with a 10kV system and is connected to a load end; the feeder line is provided with a distributed power grid connection for single-phase grounding simulation of power distribution networks with different distributed power types, grid connection positions and power capacities; the arc model on the feed line adopts a three-section arc resistance model. The technical scheme is suitable for qualitative analysis of transient characteristics and steady-state characteristics of a neutral point ungrounded system and a neutral point single-phase grounding fault of the arc suppression coil grounding system.
The technical scheme does not relate to the problems of direct-current grounding resistance detection and direct-current grounding simulation, and the simulation of the direct-current grounding fault cannot be realized in a three-dimensional visualization mode.
The current direct current grounding resistance detection has mature technology, and more direct current grounding simulation is carried out through a schematic diagram, but simulation of direct current grounding faults is not realized through a three-dimensional visualization mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of a direct-current system of a transformer substation. The three-dimensional model of the direct current system of the transformer substation is built, the running condition of the direct current system under the condition of single-point grounding in the system is displayed in a three-dimensional visualization mode, and the simulation of the direct current single-point grounding fault is realized in the three-dimensional visualization mode.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the three-dimensional visual simulation method for the single-point ground fault of the substation direct-current system comprises the steps of obtaining the topological structure of the substation direct-current system and detecting the direct-current ground resistance; the method is characterized in that:
1) Establishing a three-dimensional model of a direct current system of the transformer substation;
2) Adding/setting fault points on each section of cable of the three-dimensional model of the direct current system;
3) For each fault point, establishing an association relation between the fault point and the state of the upper-level switch set;
4) Clicking a fault point, and setting a grounding resistor;
5) Calculating the voltages of the positive bus and the negative bus to the ground according to the grounding resistance and the state of the switch set associated with the fault point;
6) The voltage magnitude is expressed in a three-dimensional visual manner.
Specifically, the three-dimensional model of the substation direct-current system at least comprises a power supply, a cable, a direct-current breaker, a wiring terminal and a direct-current load.
Furthermore, the power supply and the direct current load adopt abstract models; the cable, the direct current breaker and the wiring terminal adopt a live-action model; the three-dimensional distribution of the direct current circuit breaker and the wiring terminals is consistent with the actual condition of the transformer substation; the three-dimensional space distribution and the connection relation of the cables are consistent with the actual situation; the cable is divided into a limited number of segments by the direct current circuit breaker, the wiring terminals and the load.
Specifically, the adding/setting of the fault point includes setting a virtual fault point in the three-dimensional engine; the fault point is set by taking a branch as a unit; adding/setting a fault point to each section of cable of each branch; the fault point set by each branch in the direct current system is divided into a fault point belonging to the positive parent side and a fault point belonging to the negative parent side.
Further, the establishing the association relationship between the fault point and the state of the upper switch set includes:
for any direct current cable, the direct current cable consists of a plurality of direct current breakers and connecting terminals which are connected in series through the cable, and the direct current breakers and the connecting terminals are regarded as switching elements, so that an element sequence is formed from a power supply to a load, and elements close to the power supply are ordered to be in front;
for any fault point, the preamble element of the fault point comprises a plurality of direct current breakers, and the preamble direct current breakers of any fault point form a set;
for the set, if any one of the direct current breakers is in an open state, the set is marked as an open state;
if each direct current breaker is in a connection state, the collection is marked as a connection state;
any fault point corresponds to a DC breaker aggregate state, so that the association relation between the fault point and the upper DC breaker aggregate state is established.
Specifically, when simulation is performed, clicking a fault point, and inputting a grounding resistor; the ground resistance is 0-999 k ohms.
Further, only one grounding point is allowed to be set when simulation is performed; that is, one point is selected from all fault points, and the ground resistance is input to indicate the resistance of the point or the branch cable where the point is located to the ground.
Specifically, when the voltages of the positive bus and the negative bus to the ground are calculated, if any one of the switches associated with the fault point is in an off state, the potentials of the positive bus and the negative bus are not changed;
if any of the switch sets associated with the fault point is in an on state, the following is calculated:
a) If the failure point is on the positive parent side, then:
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
wherein the method comprises the steps of
b) If the failure point is on the negative parent side, then:
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
wherein the method comprises the steps of
In the above parameters, R x Is a grounding resistor; u when the system is operating normally + Is the voltage of the positive bus to the ground, U - The voltage to the ground is the negative bus; balance bridge resistance in direct current system is R 1 、R 2 Wherein the resistance R 1 Near the positive bus side, resistor R 2 Near the negative bus side;
after single point is grounded, U 1 Is the voltage of the positive bus to the ground, U 2 Is the negative bus voltage to ground.
Further, after the voltage calculation is completed, if the voltage to which a certain branch belongs is greater than zero, the branch is highlighted in green in the three-dimensional engine; if the voltage of a certain branch is less than zero, highlighting the branch in red; if the voltage of a certain branch is zero, the branch is displayed in gray.
According to the three-dimensional visual simulation method for the single-point grounding fault of the substation direct-current system, the three-dimensional model of the substation direct-current system is built, the running condition of the direct-current system under the condition of single-point grounding in the system is displayed in a three-dimensional visual mode, and the simulation of the direct-current grounding fault is realized in the three-dimensional visual mode; under the condition that single-point direct current grounding occurs in the transformer substation, the running condition of the direct current system is clearly and intuitively observed, and the maintenance work under the condition that the direct current system fails can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the technical scheme, the three-dimensional model of the direct current system of the transformer substation is built, the running condition of the direct current system under the condition of single-point grounding in the system is displayed in a three-dimensional visualization mode, and simulation of the direct current grounding fault is realized in the three-dimensional visualization mode;
2. by implementing the technical scheme, the running condition of the direct current system can be clearly and intuitively observed under the condition that the single-point direct current grounding occurs in the transformer substation, the maintenance work under the condition that the direct current system fails can be improved, and a foundation is provided for building a more complete digital twin body of the direct current system;
3. according to the technical scheme, the fault points are added on each direct current branch, the association relation is established between each fault point and the upper-level switch set, the simulation precision and the simulation speed are considered, and the data interaction is carried out in the simulation process, so that the simulation speed is improved under the condition that the simulation precision and the simulation accuracy are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of a substation direct-current system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In fig. 1, the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
1. the method for building the three-dimensional model of the direct-current system of the transformer substation mainly comprises a power supply, a cable, a direct-current breaker, a wiring terminal and a direct-current load.
2. And adding fault set points on each section of cable of the three-dimensional model of the direct current system, wherein the set points are divided into positive mother side fault points and negative mother side fault points.
3. And establishing an association relation between each fault point and the state of the upper-level switch set.
4. Clicking the fault point and setting the grounding resistance.
5. And calculating the voltage to the ground of the positive and negative bus according to the grounding resistance and the state of the switch set associated with the fault point.
6. The voltage magnitude is expressed in a three-dimensional visual manner.
The following further describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail:
and (2) for the step 1, a three-dimensional model of the direct current system of the transformer substation is built, and the three-dimensional model at least comprises a power supply, a cable, a direct current breaker, a wiring terminal and a direct current load. The power supply and the direct current load can adopt abstract models, and the cable, the direct current breaker and the wiring terminal need to adopt live-action models. The three-dimensional distribution of the direct current circuit breaker and the wiring terminal is consistent with the actual condition of the transformer substation, and the three-dimensional spatial distribution and the connection relation of the cable are consistent with the actual condition. The cable is divided into a limited number of segments by the direct current circuit breaker, the wiring terminals and the load.
For step 2, a virtual fault setpoint is set in the three-dimensional engine. The grounding condition in the direct current system is detected by taking the branch as a unit, so that the fault point is also set by taking the branch as a unit, and the fault set point is added to each section of cable of each branch. Each branch in the direct current system is divided into a positive bus (positive bus for short) side and a negative bus (negative bus for short) side, so that the fault points are divided into two types, namely, the fault point belonging to the positive bus side and the fault point belonging to the negative bus side.
For step 3, the direct current cable is connected with a power supply and a load, and from the power supply to the load, the direct current cable is segmented by a plurality of direct current breakers and connecting terminals. For any direct current cable, the direct current cable consists of a plurality of direct current breakers and connecting terminals which are connected in series through the cable, and the direct current breakers and the connecting terminals are regarded as switching elements, so that an element sequence is formed from a power supply to a load, and elements close to the power supply are ordered at the front. Then for any fault point, the preamble element must contain a number of dc breakers, and the preamble of any fault point forms a set. For the set, wherein any one of the direct current breakers is in an open state, the set is marked as an open state; and if the set is recorded as the connection state, any fault point corresponds to one DC breaker set state, and the association relation between the fault point and the upper DC breaker set state is established.
And 4, clicking a fault point when simulation is carried out, and inputting a grounding resistor. The ground resistance may be 0 to 999k ohms. In the method, only one grounding point is allowed to be set, namely, one point is selected from all fault points, and the grounding resistance is input to represent the resistance of the point or a branch cable where the point is located to the ground.
In the case of the step 5 of the process,
let the ground resistance be R x The positive voltage to ground is U when the system is operating normally + The negative bus voltage to ground is U - Balance bridge resistance in direct current system is R 1 、R 2 Wherein R is 1 Near the positive mother side, R 2 Near the negative side, the positive voltage to ground after single-point grounding is U 1 The negative bus voltage to ground is U 2 Then:
1) If any one of the switch sets associated with the fault point is in an off state, the positive and negative mother potentials are not changed, and the positive mother potential is U 1 ＝U + The negative mother potential is U 2 ＝U - ；
2) If any of the switch sets associated with the fault point is in an on state, calculating according to the situation:
2.1 If the fault point is on the positive parent side, then
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
2.2 If the fault point is on the negative parent side
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
And step 6, after the voltage calculation is completed, if the voltage to which a certain branch belongs is greater than zero, the branch is highlighted in green in the three-dimensional engine. If a branch voltage is less than zero, the branch is highlighted in red. If the voltage of a certain branch is zero, the display is gray.
In summary, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the running condition of the direct current system under the condition of single-point grounding in the system is displayed in a three-dimensional visual mode by establishing a three-dimensional model of the direct current system of the transformer substation, and the simulation of the direct current grounding fault is realized in the three-dimensional visual mode; by implementing the technical scheme, the running condition of the direct current system under the condition that the single-point direct current grounding occurs in the transformer substation can be clearly and intuitively observed, the maintenance work under the condition that the direct current system fails can be improved, and a foundation is provided for building a more complete digital twin body of the direct current system; meanwhile, the technical scheme of the invention gives consideration to the simulation precision and the simulation speed, and performs data interaction in the simulation process, thereby improving the simulation speed under the condition of ensuring the simulation precision and the simulation accuracy.
The invention can be widely applied to the fields of substation digitization and DC ground fault simulation.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of a direct-current system of a transformer substation comprises the steps of obtaining a topological structure of the direct-current system of the transformer substation and detecting direct-current ground resistance; the method is characterized in that:
1) Establishing a three-dimensional model of a direct current system of the transformer substation;
2) Adding/setting fault points on each section of cable of the three-dimensional model of the direct current system;
3) For each fault point, establishing an association relation between the fault point and the state of the upper-level switch set;
4) Clicking a fault point, and setting a grounding resistor;
5) Calculating the voltages of the positive bus and the negative bus to the ground according to the grounding resistance and the state of the switch set associated with the fault point;
6) The voltage magnitude is expressed in a three-dimensional visual manner.
2. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for the single-point ground fault of the direct-current system of the transformer substation is characterized in that the three-dimensional model of the direct-current system of the transformer substation at least comprises a power supply, a cable, a direct-current circuit breaker, a wiring terminal and a direct-current load.
3. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct-current system of the transformer substation is characterized in that an abstract model is adopted for the power supply and the direct-current load;
the cable, the direct current breaker and the wiring terminal adopt a live-action model;
the three-dimensional distribution of the direct current circuit breaker and the wiring terminals is consistent with the actual condition of the transformer substation;
the three-dimensional space distribution and the connection relation of the cables are consistent with the actual situation;
the cable is divided into a limited number of segments by the direct current circuit breaker, the wiring terminals and the load.
4. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct-current system of the transformer substation according to claim 1, wherein the adding/setting of fault points comprises setting virtual fault points in a three-dimensional engine;
the fault point is set by taking a branch as a unit;
adding/setting a fault point to each section of cable of each branch;
the fault point set by each branch in the direct current system is divided into a fault point belonging to the positive parent side and a fault point belonging to the negative parent side.
5. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct-current system of the transformer substation according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the association relation between the fault point and the state of the upper-level switch set comprises the following steps:
for any direct current cable, the direct current cable consists of a plurality of direct current breakers and connecting terminals which are connected in series through the cable, and the direct current breakers and the connecting terminals are regarded as switching elements, so that an element sequence is formed from a power supply to a load, and elements close to the power supply are ordered to be in front;
for any fault point, the preamble element of the fault point comprises a plurality of direct current breakers, and the preamble direct current breakers of any fault point form a set;
for the set, if any one of the direct current breakers is in an open state, the set is marked as an open state;
if each direct current breaker is in a connection state, the collection is marked as a connection state;
any fault point corresponds to a DC breaker aggregate state, so that the association relation between the fault point and the upper DC breaker aggregate state is established.
6. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct-current system of the transformer substation is characterized in that when simulation is carried out, a fault point is clicked, and a ground resistor is input;
the ground resistance is 0-999 k ohms.
7. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct current system of the transformer substation according to claim 6 is characterized in that only one grounding point is allowed to be set during the simulation; that is, one point is selected from all fault points, and the ground resistance is input to indicate the resistance of the point or the branch cable where the point is located to the ground.
8. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of the direct current system of the transformer substation according to claim 1 is characterized in that when the voltages of the positive bus and the negative bus to the ground are calculated,
1) If any one of the switch sets associated with the fault point is in an off state, the potential of the positive bus and the potential of the negative bus are not changed;
2) If any of the switch sets associated with the fault point is in an on state, calculating according to the situation:
a) If the failure point is on the positive parent side, then:
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
wherein the method comprises the steps of
b) If the failure point is on the negative parent side, then:
U 2 ＝U 1 -(U + -U - )
wherein the method comprises the steps of
In the above parameters, R x Is a grounding resistor; u when the system is operating normally + Is the voltage of the positive bus to the ground, U - The voltage to the ground is the negative bus; balance bridge resistance in direct current system is R 1 、R 2 Wherein the resistance R 1 Near the positive bus side, resistor R 2 Near the negative bus side;
after single point is grounded, U 1 Is the voltage of the positive bus to the ground, U 2 Is the negative bus voltage to ground.
9. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for single-point ground faults of a direct-current system of a transformer substation according to claim 1 is characterized in that after voltage calculation is completed, if the voltage to which a certain branch belongs is greater than zero, the branch is highlighted in a green manner in a three-dimensional engine;
if the voltage of a certain branch is less than zero, highlighting the branch in red;
if the voltage of a certain branch is zero, the branch is displayed in gray.
10. The three-dimensional visual simulation method for the single-point ground fault of the direct-current system of the transformer substation is characterized in that the three-dimensional visual simulation method for the single-point ground fault of the direct-current system of the transformer substation is used for displaying the running condition of the direct-current system under the condition of single-point ground in the system in a three-dimensional visual mode by establishing a three-dimensional model of the direct-current system of the transformer substation, and realizes the simulation of the direct-current ground fault in the three-dimensional visual mode; under the condition that single-point direct current grounding occurs in the transformer substation, the running condition of the direct current system is clearly and intuitively observed, and the maintenance work under the condition that the direct current system fails can be improved.
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