CN117600387A - Cold header clamp transverse moving device - Google Patents
Cold header clamp transverse moving device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117600387A CN117600387A CN202311354539.2A CN202311354539A CN117600387A CN 117600387 A CN117600387 A CN 117600387A CN 202311354539 A CN202311354539 A CN 202311354539A CN 117600387 A CN117600387 A CN 117600387A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- clamp
- cold header
- cylinder
- transverse
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a clamp transverse moving device of a cold header, which comprises a machine body, a nylon spring plate, an air cylinder, a transverse pull rod, a transverse bracket, a clamp box, a clamp cross beam and a controller, wherein the machine body is provided with a clamp box; the technical effects achieved are as follows: the mode of combining an electric control device with a pneumatic device is adopted, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp is safer and more reliable; the clamp box and the internal mechanism thereof can be designed to realize the opening or closing operation of the clamp box rapidly and accurately without affecting the function of other parts; the cylinder is used as a power source, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp has higher working efficiency and can better ensure the quality of products; through the design to track rod and cross bracket for this kind of clamp lateral shifting's device is easier maintenance, simultaneously also can reduce manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold header manufacturing, in particular to a transverse moving device for a clamp of a cold header, which is used for improving the performance of the cold header.
Background
The cold header is production equipment with higher automation degree, wherein the multi-station cold header is the main stream. The metal is extruded into a required shape by adopting a continuous and repeated extrusion mode. The metal enters the inside of the female die one by one from the raw materials, and sequentially becomes a semi-finished product at the 1 st station and a semi-finished product at the 2 nd station; until it becomes the final product. In order to effect movement of the metal between the upper and lower stations, clamps are required to carry this work.
The clamp is a group of mechanical devices capable of executing opening and closing actions, and has a pure mechanical structure and also has an electric control servo drive. Including shearing stations, each of which is provided with a clamp. All clamps on the whole machine form a clamp group which can move transversely. The working process comprises the following steps:
A. the clamp group moves to the position of the last station;
B. each clamp is in an open state;
C. ejecting the formed semi-finished product from the die or the scissor plate, and entering into a clamp of a corresponding station;
D. closing each clamp according to the set time, and tightly clamping the formed semi-finished product;
E. all clamps are taken as clamp groups and transversely moved to the next station together;
all clamps are opened one by one according to the set time, and the cold header male die pushes the formed semi-finished product into the die of the next station.
The problems in the prior art are as follows:
in the actual production process, sometimes the end face of the semi-finished part is provided with a pit or a protrusion, and the front end face of the ejector rod of the corresponding female die is provided with a protrusion or a pit. In this case, if the gripper group is simply moved laterally to the next station, there is also a mechanical interference between the die ejector rod and the semi-finished part, the protruding portion of the die ejector rod blocking the lateral movement of the semi-finished part, which would cause the semi-finished part to fly off or skew, the transfer process failing as shown in fig. 6.
From the top view, the motion track of the currently mainstream cold header clamp group is shown in fig. 7: the clamp group of a part of machine types transversely moves by adopting an A-shaped track, namely, the clamp group slightly has a certain radian when transversely moving, and the clamp group moves by 5-10 mm along a plane far away from the equipment die near the center of the moving track.
There are also many types of gripper blocks which move transversely using a B-type trajectory, i.e. the gripper blocks always follow a straight line when moving transversely. The distance between the clamp group and the plane of the equipment die is always kept fixed.
Both the above A, B movement tracks cannot meet the requirement of producing products with protrusions or pits on the end surfaces.
In view of this situation, a safe and reliable device is urgently needed in the actual cold heading production field to solve such problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a transverse moving device for a clamp of a cold header, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of the invention, a cold header clamp lateral movement device comprises a machine body, a nylon spring, a cylinder, a tie rod, a cross bracket, a clamp box, a clamp cross beam and a controller; the machine body is arranged above the clamp cross beams at intervals, the cross brackets are arranged on the side faces of the clamp cross beams, the air cylinders are arranged above the clamp cross beams, each air cylinder is connected with the machine body through the nylon elastic sheet, the clamp boxes are arranged on the lower surfaces of the clamp cross beams at intervals, the cross tie rods are arranged in the clamp cross beams in a penetrating mode, and the air cylinders are electrically connected with the controller.
Further, a plurality of the clamp boxes are equally spaced.
Further, the connecting lines of the central points of the clamp boxes are parallel to the extending direction of the clamp cross beam.
Further, the cross support and the clamp cross beam are parallel to each other.
Further, the axis of the tie rod is coaxial with the centerline of the clamp beam.
Further, the extending direction of the machine body is parallel to the extending direction of the clamp cross beam.
Further, the side face of the air cylinder is attached to the side face of the transverse support.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the mode of combining an electric control device with a pneumatic device is adopted, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp is safer and more reliable;
2. the clamp box and the internal mechanism thereof can be designed to realize the opening or closing operation of the clamp box rapidly and accurately without affecting the function of other parts;
3. the cylinder is used as a power source, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp has higher working efficiency and can better ensure the quality of products;
4. through the design to track rod and cross bracket for this kind of clamp lateral shifting's device is easier maintenance, simultaneously also can reduce manufacturing cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a lateral movement device for a clamp of a cold header according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a lateral movement device for a cold header clamp according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a cold header clamp lateral movement device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lateral movement device for a cold header clamp according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a clamp group lateral movement track of a cold header clamp lateral movement device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a prior art part process diagram.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a transverse movement path of a conventional clamp group according to the prior art.
In the figure: 1. the machine comprises a machine body, 2, a nylon spring sheet, 3, an air cylinder, 4, a transverse pull rod, 5, a transverse bracket, 6, a clamp box, 7 and a clamp cross beam.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a transverse moving device for a clamp of a cold header in an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention includes a machine body 1, a nylon spring 2, a cylinder 3, a tie rod 4, a transverse bracket 5, a clamp box 6, a clamp cross beam 7 and a controller; the machine body 1 is arranged above the clamp cross beam 7 at intervals, the lateral surface of the clamp cross beam 7 is provided with a cross bracket 5, a plurality of air cylinders 3 are arranged above the clamp cross beam 7, each air cylinder 3 is connected with the machine body 1 through a nylon elastic sheet 2, the lower surface of the clamp cross beam 7 is provided with a plurality of clamp boxes 6 at intervals, the clamp cross beam 7 is internally provided with a cross rod 4 in a penetrating mode, and the air cylinders 3 are electrically connected with a controller.
The technical effects achieved by the embodiment are as follows: the mode of combining an electric control device with a pneumatic device is adopted, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp is safer and more reliable; the clamp box and the internal mechanism thereof can be designed to realize the opening or closing operation of the clamp box rapidly and accurately without affecting the function of other parts; the cylinder is used as a power source, so that the device for transversely moving the clamp has higher working efficiency and can better ensure the quality of products; through the design to track rod and cross bracket for this kind of clamp lateral shifting's device is easier maintenance, simultaneously also can reduce manufacturing cost.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a cold header clamp lateral movement device includes the whole contents of embodiment 1, and in addition, a plurality of clamp boxes 6 are equally spaced; the center point line of the plurality of clamp boxes 6 and the extending direction of the clamp beam 7 are parallel to each other.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a cold header clamp lateral movement device includes the whole contents of embodiment 2, and in addition, a cross bracket 5 and a clamp cross beam 7 are parallel to each other; the axis of the tie rod 4 is coaxial with the center line of the clamp cross beam 7; the extending direction of the machine body 1 is parallel to the extending direction of the clamp cross beam 7; the side surface of the cylinder 3 is attached to the side surface of the cross bracket 5.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a device for moving a clamp of a cold header laterally comprises the whole content of embodiment 3, and in addition, the device adopts a mode of combining an electric control device with a pneumatic device to create a device for moving the clamp laterally, so that the use effect is satisfactory.
The working principle of the whole device is as follows: the clamp box is mounted on the clamp beam and follows the movement. The opening and closing actions of the clamp box are controlled and driven by other mechanical structures; the transverse bracket supports the clamp transverse beam, friction exists between the clamp transverse beam and the clamp transverse beam, and lubricating oil is used for lubricating. The clamp cross beam can move randomly in the left-right front-back direction on the cross bracket; the transverse pull rod moves left and right to drive the clamp cross beam to move left and right; the nylon spring plate is a tough sheet with certain elasticity and hardness, one end of the nylon spring plate is fixed on the machine body, and the other end of the nylon spring plate is fixed with the piston of the air cylinder. The nylon spring sheet controls the movement track of the clamp beam and the like to move along the track shown in the lower graph; the cylinder is controlled by the PLC and the electromagnetic valve to extend or retract the piston at the moment of a specific equipment spindle angle, so that the movement track of the clamp beam and the like is controlled.
The specific connection is shown in fig. 1 to 5.
With the adoption of the device, the moving track of the clamp group is shown in fig. 5, and as the two ends of the clamp group are provided with two moving processes perpendicular to the plane of the die under the action of the air cylinder, the part can move 5-8 mm away from the direction of the die, so that the part is separated from the end face of the ejector rod of the female die, and then the clamp group moves transversely, so that the problem that the part interferes with the ejector rod is thoroughly solved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "embodiment one", "embodiment two", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a specific method, apparatus, or feature described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, methods, apparatus, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various modifications, equivalent arrangements, improvements, etc., within the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The transverse moving device for the clamp of the cold header is characterized by comprising a machine body (1), a nylon spring (2), an air cylinder (3), a transverse pull rod (4), a transverse bracket (5), a clamp box (6), a clamp cross beam (7) and a controller; organism (1) interval sets up the top of clamp crossbeam (7), install the side-mounting of clamp crossbeam (7) cross bracket (5), install a plurality of in the top of clamp crossbeam (7) cylinder (3), every cylinder (3) pass through nylon shell fragment (2) with organism (1) is connected, the lower surface interval of clamp crossbeam (7) is provided with a plurality of clamp box (6), wear to be equipped with in clamp crossbeam (7) cross pull rod (4), cylinder (3) with the controller electricity is connected.
2. A cold header clamp traversing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the clamp cassettes (6) are equally spaced.
3. A cold header clamp lateral shifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the central point lines of the plurality of clamp boxes (6) are parallel to the extending direction of the clamp beam (7).
4. A cold header clamp traversing device according to claim 1, wherein the traversing carriage (5) and the clamp beam (7) are parallel to each other.
5. A cold header clamp traversing device according to claim 1, wherein the axis of the tie rod (4) is coaxial with the centre line of the clamp beam (7).
6. A cold header clamp lateral movement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of extension of the machine body (1) and the direction of extension of the clamp cross beam (7) are mutually parallel.
7. A cold header clamp lateral movement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the cylinder (3) is in abutment with the side of the cross bracket (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311354539.2A CN117600387A (en) | 2023-10-18 | 2023-10-18 | Cold header clamp transverse moving device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311354539.2A CN117600387A (en) | 2023-10-18 | 2023-10-18 | Cold header clamp transverse moving device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117600387A true CN117600387A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
Family
ID=89944928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311354539.2A Pending CN117600387A (en) | 2023-10-18 | 2023-10-18 | Cold header clamp transverse moving device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117600387A (en) |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980757U (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-09-21 | 江苏天奇物流***工程股份有限公司 | Tongs transfer machine |
| CN203917775U (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-11-05 | 浙江鑫联机械制造有限公司 | On a kind of cold headers, use translation clamping mechanism |
| CN205816694U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 海盐鑫标模具制造有限公司 | Clamp mechanism and cold header applying same |
| CN106697930A (en) * | 2015-11-15 | 2017-05-24 | 黑龙江万向鹏程科技发展有限公司 | Multi-station reclaiming manipulator |
| CN107931506A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-20 | 宁波新讯达机械科技有限公司 | A kind of cold headers gripping mechanism |
| CN108889889A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-27 | 泉州市三业智能科技有限公司 | Horizontal mobile device |
| CN210126904U (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-03-06 | 江苏金佳铁芯有限公司 | Laterally moving grabbing mechanism |
| KR20200114590A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-07 | 정재석 | Clamp for forging |
| CN112828229A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-25 | 江海职业技术学院 | Multi-station cold header manipulator transmission mechanism |
| CN214454963U (en) * | 2020-12-06 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州莱图精密机械有限公司 | Material taking device |
| CN217474752U (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-23 | 南通港石机械有限公司 | A get and put manipulator for forging mould |
| CN217551056U (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江景辉机械有限公司 | Gantry type three-dimensional forging and pressing conveyer |
| CN218520917U (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-02-24 | 太原英博科贸有限公司 | Clamp crane |
-
2023
- 2023-10-18 CN CN202311354539.2A patent/CN117600387A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980757U (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-09-21 | 江苏天奇物流***工程股份有限公司 | Tongs transfer machine |
| CN203917775U (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-11-05 | 浙江鑫联机械制造有限公司 | On a kind of cold headers, use translation clamping mechanism |
| CN106697930A (en) * | 2015-11-15 | 2017-05-24 | 黑龙江万向鹏程科技发展有限公司 | Multi-station reclaiming manipulator |
| CN205816694U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 海盐鑫标模具制造有限公司 | Clamp mechanism and cold header applying same |
| CN107931506A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-20 | 宁波新讯达机械科技有限公司 | A kind of cold headers gripping mechanism |
| CN108889889A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-27 | 泉州市三业智能科技有限公司 | Horizontal mobile device |
| KR20200114590A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-07 | 정재석 | Clamp for forging |
| CN210126904U (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-03-06 | 江苏金佳铁芯有限公司 | Laterally moving grabbing mechanism |
| CN214454963U (en) * | 2020-12-06 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州莱图精密机械有限公司 | Material taking device |
| CN112828229A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-25 | 江海职业技术学院 | Multi-station cold header manipulator transmission mechanism |
| CN217474752U (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-23 | 南通港石机械有限公司 | A get and put manipulator for forging mould |
| CN217551056U (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江景辉机械有限公司 | Gantry type three-dimensional forging and pressing conveyer |
| CN218520917U (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-02-24 | 太原英博科贸有限公司 | Clamp crane |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107617884B (en) | One-time multi-forming equipment and metal ball forming machine | |
| EP3919680A1 (en) | Pulp molding production line and processing method | |
| US5722283A (en) | System and method for rotation of cross bars in a multiple station transfer press | |
| US9089935B2 (en) | Manufacturing apparatus for flattened tube fins | |
| CN103801627A (en) | Manufacturing apparatus for heat exchanger fins | |
| KR102037889B1 (en) | Roll Forging Machine And Its Roll Forging Method | |
| CN103231994A (en) | Automatic material clamping, lifting and displacing device | |
| CN107695146B (en) | A kind of red copper Gap bridge bent-tube forming integrated machine | |
| CN117600387A (en) | Cold header clamp transverse moving device | |
| CN113649506A (en) | Heavy-load high-flexibility six-degree-of-freedom six-connecting-rod parallel driving space envelope forming equipment | |
| US6619169B1 (en) | System for punching metal sheets and for stacking metal sheets in the appropriate punched pattern | |
| CN111843450B (en) | Automatic pipe penetrating equipment for large heat exchanger | |
| CN201702249U (en) | Three-punch pressing punching slider | |
| JP2021098211A (en) | Metal mold apparatus for manufacturing fin for heat exchanger | |
| CN111318615A (en) | Stepping type pipe end forming machine | |
| CA2372777C (en) | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of pipes of thermoplastics with transverse profile features | |
| CN217345486U (en) | Flexible device applied to manipulator | |
| CN221047219U (en) | Lifting manipulator of impact forging equipment | |
| CN111216159A (en) | Workpiece spacing adjusting device | |
| CN216104689U (en) | Rod feeding mechanism capable of pushing materials in sections | |
| CN204842752U (en) | Multistation upgrades and gets a manipulator in mould fast | |
| CN216807172U (en) | Automatic feeding device for evaporator | |
| KR20190002524A (en) | Transfer presses containing C-shaped ram | |
| CN216760776U (en) | A press from both sides material manipulator for blowing bottle embryo processing | |
| CN220515256U (en) | Multi-station three-axis in-mold conveying manipulator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |