CN117598315A - 一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物。一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其有效成分由宁南霉素、氟吡菌酰胺或戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺复配而成。本发明的农药组合物复配后对罗汉果白绢病菌具有增效作用,可以提高防治效果,同时还可以延缓病原菌抗药性的产生和发展。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物。
背景技术
罗汉果是葫芦科藤本植物。罗汉果味甘性凉,除具有食用价值外,还有巨大的药用价值。在罗汉果生长过程中易受白绢病、根腐病、根结线虫病和炭疽病等病害的影响。其中,齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii)可引起罗汉果白绢病(土传病害),其主要危害茎基部,病部初呈暗褐色水浸状斑,严重时表面着生白色绢丝状菌丝体,并想四周地表蔓延呈辐射状;严重时,茎部皮层腐烂露出木质部,导致全株萎蔫枯死。
目前,罗汉果白绢病的防治仍以化学药剂为主,比如石硫合剂、氟硅唑和恶霉灵等药剂。但长期使用单一品种化学药剂容易引起病害抗药性产生和发展,导致防效降低,同时还容易造成环境污染和农药残留超标,有违农业可持续健康发展的要求。
荜茇酰胺(CAS:20069-09-4)主要存在于胡椒科植物荜茇的根中,其分子结构式如下:
荜茇酰胺具有重要的药用价值,包括用于治疗病毒性肝炎、胃痛、肿瘤、支气管炎、腹泻和呼吸道感染等,其中,荜茇酰胺抗肿瘤活性的研究最为广泛。另外,现有技术中还公开了荜茇酰胺在农业方面的用途,公开号CN113812412A的专利公开了荜茇酰胺在防治农业杂草除草剂中的应用;公开号CN113826629A的专利公开了荜茇酰胺在防治植物病原真菌中的应用;公开号CN113796379A的专利公开了荜茇酰胺在钢制植物细菌性病害中的应用。
将不同农药品种复配或混配是开发新型药剂和防治抗性病害的有效途径。目前,还未见到宁南霉素、氟吡菌酰胺或戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺复配的相关报道。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,以解决长期使用单一品种化学药剂容易引起病害抗药性产生和发展,导致防效降低,同时还容易造成环境污染和农药残留超标,有违农业可持续健康发展要求的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其有效成分由宁南霉素、氟吡菌酰胺或戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺复配而成。
作为优选,所述宁南霉素与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-8:20-1。
作为优选,所述氟吡菌酰胺与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-35:25-1。
作为优选,所述戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-9:9-1。
本发明还提供了一种杀菌剂,所述杀菌剂由所述的农药组合物和其他辅助成分制备而成;其中,其他辅助成分根据杀菌剂剂型的不同可选用现有技术中的分散剂、湿润剂、载体、溶剂、粘结剂、崩解剂、消泡剂、防冻剂和防腐剂等中的一种或多种。
作为优选,所述农药组合物的质量占所述杀菌剂总质量的0.5-80%。
作为优选,所述杀菌剂的剂型为可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂或水剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明的农药组合物对齐整小菌核菌引起的罗汉果白绢病等病害具有较好的防治效果。
(2)本发明的农药组合物可以减少用药量,从而降低了防治成本和农药残留,还可以减轻对环境的污染。
(3)本发明的农药组合物复配后对罗汉果白绢病菌具有增效作用,可以提高防治效果,同时还可以延缓病原菌抗药性的产生和发展。
具体实施方式
下面结合对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例:防治药剂筛选
1.供试菌株
齐整小菌核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii),分离自染病的罗汉果幼苗,保存于PDA培养基上,备用。
2.供试药剂
40%宁南霉素母药(四川金珠生态农业科技有限公司)、98%氟吡菌酰胺原药(拜尔股份公司)、97%戊唑醇原药(沈阳科创化学品有限公司)、97%荜茇酰胺原药(上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司)。
将供试药剂配制成单剂母液后设置多组配比,各单剂母液和配比混剂均按等比方法设置5个质量浓度梯度。
3.试验方法
采用菌丝生长速率法(慕立义,1994)。吸取药液1mL与9mL融化冷却至50-55℃的PDA培养基混匀,倒入直径为9cm的无菌培养皿中,制成相应浓度的含药平板;并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照,每个处理设置8个平板。在每个含药平板和空白对照平板中央接种直径为5mm的供试菌菌饼,盖上皿盖后置于27℃恒温培养培养。待空白对照菌落的直径达培养皿直径的2/3以上时,用十字交叉法测量菌落直径,计算不同处理对菌丝的生长抑制率。
4.数据分析
采用DPS软件进行数据统计分析,得出各单剂和配比混剂的毒力回归方程及其对供试病菌的EC50值,然后根据孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC),根据计算的共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂的增效作用,CTC≤80为拮抗作用,80<CTC<120为相加作用,CTC≥120为增效作用,
上式中:ATI--混剂实测的毒力指数;S--标准药剂的EC50,单位为mg/L;M--混剂的EC50,单位为mg/L。
TTI=TIA×PA+TIB×PB
上式中:TTI--混剂的理论毒理指数;TIA--A药剂的毒力指数;PA--A药剂在混剂中百分含量,单位为百分率(%);TIB--B药剂的毒力指数;PB--B药剂在混剂中百分含量,单位为百分率(%)。
上式中:CTC--共毒系数;ATI--混剂实测毒力指数;TTI--混剂理论毒力指数。
5.测定结果
结果见表1-3。
表1宁南霉素和荜茇酰胺复配对罗汉果白绢病菌的室内生物活性测定
药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
宁南霉素 | 17.329 | 100.000 | -- | -- |
荜茇酰胺 | 46.573 | 37.208 | -- | -- |
宁南霉素1:荜茇酰胺20 | 23.447 | 73.907 | 40.198 | 183.856 |
宁南霉素1:荜茇酰胺10 | 18.191 | 95.261 | 42.917 | 221.969 |
宁南霉素1:荜茇酰胺5 | 25.858 | 67.016 | 47.674 | 140.573 |
宁南霉素1:荜茇酰胺1 | 15.339 | 112.973 | 68.604 | 164.674 |
宁南霉素4:荜茇酰胺1 | 13.289 | 130.401 | 87.442 | 149.129 |
宁南霉素8:荜茇酰胺1 | 10.677 | 162.302 | 93.023 | 174.475 |
由表1可知,宁南霉素和荜茇酰胺复配后,在质量比为1-8:20-1范围内对罗汉果白绢病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
表2氟吡菌酰胺和荜茇酰胺复配对罗汉果白绢病菌的室内生物活性测定
药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
氟吡菌酰胺 | 2.581 | 100.000 | -- | -- |
荜茇酰胺 | 46.573 | 5.542 | -- | -- |
氟吡菌酰胺1:荜茇酰胺25 | 20.232 | 12.757 | 9.175 | 139.043 |
氟吡菌酰胺1:荜茇酰胺15 | 17.672 | 14.605 | 11.445 | 127.605 |
氟吡菌酰胺1:荜茇酰胺10 | 14.184 | 18.197 | 14.129 | 128.789 |
氟吡菌酰胺1:荜茇酰胺5 | 10.078 | 25.610 | 21.285 | 120.321 |
氟吡菌酰胺1:荜茇酰胺1 | 3.599 | 71.714 | 52.771 | 135.898 |
氟吡菌酰胺5:荜茇酰胺1 | 2.437 | 105.909 | 84.257 | 125.697 |
氟吡菌酰胺10:荜茇酰胺1 | 2.294 | 112.511 | 91.413 | 123.080 |
氟吡菌酰胺15:荜茇酰胺1 | 1.851 | 139.438 | 94.096 | 148.187 |
氟吡菌酰胺25:荜茇酰胺1 | 1.174 | 219.847 | 96.367 | 228.135 |
氟吡菌酰胺35:荜茇酰胺1 | 0.695 | 371.367 | 97.376 | 381.374 |
由表2可知,氟吡菌酰胺和荜茇酰胺复配后,在质量比为1-35:25-1范围内对罗汉果白绢病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
表3戊唑醇和荜茇酰胺复配对罗汉果白绢病菌的室内生物活性测定
药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
戊唑醇 | 8.273 | 100.000 | -- | -- |
荜茇酰胺 | 46.573 | 17.764 | -- | -- |
戊唑醇1:荜茇酰胺9 | 25.340 | 32.648 | 25.987 | 125.631 |
戊唑醇1:荜茇酰胺7 | 19.144 | 43.215 | 28.043 | 154.101 |
戊唑醇1:荜茇酰胺3 | 11.780 | 70.229 | 38.323 | 183.258 |
戊唑醇1:荜茇酰胺1 | 8.819 | 93.809 | 58.882 | 159.317 |
戊唑醇3:荜茇酰胺1 | 6.975 | 118.609 | 79.441 | 149.305 |
戊唑醇7:荜茇酰胺1 | 4.725 | 175.090 | 89.720 | 195.151 |
戊唑醇9:荜茇酰胺1 | 7.107 | 116.406 | 91.776 | 126.837 |
由表3可知,戊唑醇和荜茇酰胺复配后,在质量比为1-9:9-1范围内对罗汉果白绢病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
综上所述,宁南霉素、氟吡菌酰胺或戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺复配后对罗汉果白绢病菌具有增效作用,可以提高防治效果,同时还可以延缓病原菌抗药性的产生和发展。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (7)
1.一种防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其特征在于,其有效成分由宁南霉素、氟吡菌酰胺或戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺复配而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其特征在于,所述宁南霉素与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-8:20-1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其特征在于,所述氟吡菌酰胺与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-35:25-1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防治罗汉果白绢病的农药组合物,其特征在于,所述戊唑醇与荜茇酰胺的质量比为1-9:9-1。
5.一种杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述杀菌剂由权利要求1所述的农药组合物和其他辅助成分制备而成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述农药组合物的质量占所述杀菌剂总质量的0.5-80%。
7.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述杀菌剂的剂型为可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂或水剂。
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