CN117598156B - Fertilizing device and technology for mycorrhizal edible fungus under-forest cultivation - Google Patents
Fertilizing device and technology for mycorrhizal edible fungus under-forest cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117598156B CN117598156B CN202410091035.4A CN202410091035A CN117598156B CN 117598156 B CN117598156 B CN 117598156B CN 202410091035 A CN202410091035 A CN 202410091035A CN 117598156 B CN117598156 B CN 117598156B
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000121220 Tricholoma matsutake Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000021332 multicellular organism growth Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000024001 sorocarp development Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/20—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising
- B05B15/25—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising using moving elements, e.g. rotating blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
- B05B15/68—Arrangements for adjusting the position of spray heads
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus fertilizer application devices, in particular to a fertilizer application device and a fertilizer application process for mycorrhizal edible fungus under-forest cultivation, comprising a fertilizer application box, a linkage structure, an unfolding structure and a spraying structure, wherein moving wheels are arranged at four corners of the lower end of the fertilizer application box, a pushing frame is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the fertilizer application box, and a mixing box is arranged at the bottom end inside the fertilizer application box; the device realizes the uniform mixing of the water-soluble fertilizer and water in the mixing box through a linkage structure, and ensures the uniform distribution of nutrient substances in the fertilizer application liquid; the movable plates and the spray heads which are unfolded at the two sides are convenient for the device to simultaneously carry out fertilization treatment on mycorrhizas in the two areas, and the movable plates and the spray heads are vertically arranged at the two sides of the fertilization box in a vertical state when the fertilization box is not in use, so that the occupied area of the device is reduced; the spraying angle of a plurality of spray heads is adjusted through the spraying structure, so that the fertilizing liquid can be more uniformly covered on mycorrhizal fungi and plant root systems in the fertilizing process, and the fertilizing effect and the fertilizing utilization rate are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus fertilization devices, in particular to a fertilization device and a fertilization process for mycorrhizal edible fungus under-forest cultivation.
Background
Mycorrhizal edible fungi (edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, EEM) are a class of large fungi that form symbiotic relationships with the root system of trees and produce large fruiting bodies (large enough to be picked by hand). The cultivation technology of the edible fungi under the forest is a cultivation mode for producing the edible fungi by selecting an idle section with convenient and clean water source under the forest and fully utilizing the favorable conditions of shading, sufficient scattered light, good ventilation, proper temperature and humidity and the like; the cultivation of edible fungi under the forest is an economic one under the forest, and the forest land and the edible fungi mutually complement each other. On the one hand, the forest is a good place for edible fungi to reproduce, the forest provides conditions such as sun shading, oxygen, proper temperature and humidity, soil nutrients and the like for the edible fungi, and residues such as wood dust, bark and the like generated by tree harvesting can be used as edible fungi cultivation raw materials; on the other hand, fungus residues and the like generated by planting edible fungi can be used as forest fertilizers; the edible fungi can reduce environmental pollution by utilizing the forestation waste; the edible fungi are used as traditional forest byproducts, the under-forest cultivation mode is lower in cost and simpler in management than other artificial cultivation modes, good ecological benefits and economic benefits can be achieved, in the under-forest cultivation of mycorrhizal edible fungi, water-soluble fertilizers can be used for providing proper nutrition supply for the fungi so as to promote symbiotic development of mycorrhizal fungi and plants, finally, the purposes of increasing the yield of the edible fungi and improving the quality are achieved, and a fertilizing device is often used for fertilizing the fungi when the water-soluble fertilizers are sprayed.
The existing fertilizer injection unit for mycorrhiza cultivation under forest is inconvenient to evenly mix water and water-soluble fertilizer when putting water-soluble fertilizer into a fertilizer box filled with water, so that the phenomenon of different fertilizer concentration exists when fertilizer is sprayed to mycorrhiza, and the fertilizer injection effect is further affected.
In addition, existing conventional fertilizing machine designs are typically adapted for use in open areas, rather than in confined and complex woody environments. Uneven topography under the forest has tree roots, stones and different topography height differences, which makes the large-scale fertilization machinery difficult to operate effectively. Because of limited space under the forest, the steering and movement of large machines can be very limited. This not only increases the difficulty of operation, but can also result in damage to the under-forest environment, such as damage to ground vegetation and tree roots.
Also, existing fertilizer applicators are not typically optimized for the specific needs of the edible fungus crop. Edible fungi have special requirements on the type, concentration and fertilization frequency of fertilizers, which are different from those of traditional field crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fertilizer device and a process for cultivating mycorrhizal edible fungi under a forest, comprising a fertilizer box, a linkage structure, an unfolding structure and a spraying structure, and the fertilizer device is characterized in that four corners of the lower end of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a moving wheel, the rear wall of the fertilizer box is fixedly connected with a pushing frame, the bottom end of the inside of the fertilizer box is provided with a mixing box, the top end of the inside of the mixing box is provided with a stirring rod, the side wall of the stirring rod is provided with a plurality of stirring blades, the inside of the fertilizer box is provided with the linkage structure at the upper side of the mixing box, the lower sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a hinge seat, the fertilizer box is connected with a movable plate through the hinge seats, the left side and the right side of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with the unfolding structure at the upper side of the movable plate, the lower side of the movable plate is provided with the spraying structure, the front end of the fertilizer box is provided with a controller, and the moving wheel, a first motor, a water pump and a second motor are respectively electrically connected with the controller,
preferably, the linkage structure comprises a first bevel gear, a reciprocating screw rod, a second bevel gear, a first auxiliary rod, a first thread bush, a first movable block, a first linkage rod, a second movable block and a vertical plate, wherein the upper end of the stirring rod penetrates through the mixing box to be provided with the first bevel gear, the left end and the right end of the inside of the fertilization box are respectively provided with the reciprocating screw rod and the first auxiliary rod, the first auxiliary rod is positioned on the upper side of the reciprocating screw rod, the two reciprocating screw rods are respectively provided with the second bevel gear close to one end of the two reciprocating screw rods, and the two second bevel gears are respectively connected with the first bevel gear in a meshed manner;
preferably, the reciprocating screw rod is connected with a first thread bush in a threaded manner, the lower end of the first thread bush is fixedly connected with a first movable block, the first movable block is rotationally connected with a first linkage rod, the left side and the right side of the top end of the mixing box are both provided with sliding grooves, a vertical plate is connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding manner, the upper end of the vertical plate is provided with a second movable block, and the other end of the first linkage rod is connected with the second movable block;
preferably, the unfolding structure comprises a limiting block, a first threaded rod, a rotary table, a second auxiliary rod, a second threaded sleeve, a third movable block, a second linkage rod and a fourth movable block, wherein the limiting block is arranged on the upper sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilization box, the first threaded rod and the second auxiliary rod are arranged at the lower end of the limiting block, the upper end of the first threaded rod penetrates through the limiting block to be provided with the rotary table, the first threaded rod is in threaded connection with the second threaded sleeve, the third movable block is arranged at one end, far away from the fertilization box, of the second threaded sleeve, the third movable block is rotatably connected with the second linkage rod, the fourth movable block is arranged at the upper end of the movable plate, and the other end of the second linkage rod is rotatably connected with the fourth movable block;
preferably, the spraying structure comprises a protruding block, a rotating shaft, a connecting water pipe, spray heads, a driven gear, a second threaded rod, a third auxiliary rod, a third threaded sleeve and a driving rack, wherein the protruding block is arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end of the movable plate, the rotating shaft is arranged between the two protruding blocks, the connecting water pipe is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the lower end of the connecting water pipe is provided with a plurality of spray heads, one end of the rotating shaft, far away from the fertilization box, penetrates through the protruding block and is fixedly connected with the driven gear, the lower end of the movable plate is provided with the second threaded rod and the third auxiliary rod, the third auxiliary rod is positioned on the rear side of the second threaded rod, the second threaded rod is connected with the third threaded sleeve, the front end of the third threaded sleeve is provided with the driving rack, and the driving rack is meshed and connected with the driven gear;
preferably, the bottom end inside the fertilizing box and positioned at the left side and the right side of the mixing box are both provided with water pumps, the water inlet ends of the water pumps are connected with the mixing box, the water outlet ends of the water pumps are connected with hoses, the left side wall and the right side wall of the fertilizing box are both provided with first connecting sleeves, one side, close to the fertilizing box, inside the movable plate is provided with a second connecting sleeve, and one end, far away from the water pumps, of each hose penetrates through the first connecting sleeve and the second connecting sleeve and is connected with a connecting water pipe;
preferably, a first motor is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the fertilization box, the output end of the first motor penetrates through the top wall of the fertilization box to be connected with a first bevel gear, a feeding pipe is arranged at the rear side of the upper end of the fertilization box, and the lower end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the fertilization box to be connected with a mixing box;
preferably, the upper end of the movable plate is provided with a second motor, and the upper end of the second threaded rod penetrates through the movable plate and is connected with the output end of the second motor;
preferably, the lower ends of the two vertical plates are fixedly connected with a pressing plate, and a plurality of through grooves are formed in the pressing plate;
preferably, the intelligent calculation formula for controlling the flow rate of the water pump by the controller is as follows:
water pump flow rate (unit: g/S) = (d (s+t) +c) ×v
Wherein d is a fertilizer concentration adjustment coefficient, S is a growth stage coefficient, T is a crop type coefficient, c is a fertilizer type coefficient, and V is a movement speed of the fertilizer application device;
the mycorrhizal edible fungi are mushrooms, agaric and tricholoma matsutake;
the fertilizer is of a single type.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the device realizes the uniform mixing of the water-soluble fertilizer and the water in the mixing box through the arrangement of the linkage structure, drives the first bevel gear and the stirring rod to rotate through the first motor, drives the stirring blades to uniformly mix the water-soluble fertilizer and the water, ensures the uniform distribution of nutrient substances in the fertilizer liquid, improves the fertilization effect, drives the reciprocating screw rod to rotate by the mutual cooperation of the first bevel gear and the two second bevel gears, further drives the first thread bush and the first movable block to move left and right, drives the vertical plate and the pressing plate to move up and down by the mutual cooperation of the first movable block, the first linkage rod and the second movable block, and the pressing plate moves back and forth in the mixing box to press the liquid at the bottom of the mixing box, so that the mixed liquid deposited at the bottom flows upwards under the extrusion of the pressing plate, prevents the phenomenon of precipitation layering of the mixed liquid, and can conveniently control the movement of the stirring rod and the internal parts of the mixing box through the cooperation of the first motor and the first linkage structure, and the uniform mixing of the mixed liquid in the mixing box is realized;
according to the device, the angle of the movable plate is adjusted through the arrangement of the unfolding structure, the movable plates and the spray heads unfolded at two sides are arranged, so that the device can conveniently and simultaneously carry out fertilization treatment on mycorrhizas in two areas, the fertilization efficiency is improved, the first threaded rod is driven to rotate through the rotating turntable in the unused state of the fertilization box or after fertilization is finished, the second threaded sleeve and the third movable block are driven to move upwards, the movable plate is driven to rotate upwards at the hinge seat by means of the mutual matching of the third movable block, the second linkage rod and the fourth movable block, the movable plate and the spray heads are vertical to the two sides of the fertilization box, the occupied area of the device is reduced, the space utilization rate is improved, and meanwhile, workers can conveniently move the fertilization box, so that other objects on the ground are prevented from being collided with the movable plate and the spray heads when the fertilization box is moved;
aiming at the situation that the fertilization field under the forest is narrower, only one movable plate can be unfolded by controlling the turntable to realize fertilization treatment on mycorrhiza with narrower fertilization field, the device can independently fertilize one cage mycorrhiza and simultaneously fertilize two mycorrhizas by independently controlling the angles of the two movable plates, so that the application range of the device is increased;
this device is adjusted the angle of spraying of a plurality of shower nozzles through the setting of spraying the structure, when fertilizeing edible mycorrhizal, drives the second threaded rod through starting the second motor and rotates, and then drives third thread bush and initiative rack and reciprocate, drives axis of rotation and connecting water pipe and rotate with the help of the meshing of initiative rack and driven gear to realize the regulation of the angle of spraying of a plurality of shower nozzles, can make the fertilization liquid cover more evenly on mycorrhizal fungi and plant root system at the fertilization in-process, improved effect and the utilization ratio of fertilization.
The intelligent calculation mode provided by the invention is used for controlling the flow rate of the water pump, and takes the fertilizer concentration adjustment coefficient (d), the growth stage coefficient (S), the crop type coefficient (T), the fertilizer type coefficient (c) and the moving speed (V) of the fertilizer application device into consideration. This way of calculation has the advantage of its accuracy and flexibility. By comprehensively considering the variables, the fertilizer concentration can be adjusted according to the specific requirements, growth stages and crop types of crops, so that the crops can be ensured to obtain proper nutrients. The method not only improves the use efficiency of the fertilizer and reduces the waste, but also can automatically adjust the fertilizing amount to adapt to the moving speed of the fertilizing device and ensure the uniformity of fertilization.
In addition, the design of the calculation mode considers the influence of different fertilizer types on the crop growth, and provides support for a complex cultivation system using multiple fertilizers. The highly-adaptive calculation mode with strong pertinence provides an effective solution for precise agriculture and customized fertilization, and is particularly suitable for special cultivation environments such as cultivation of edible fungi under forests needing fine management.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a fertilizer apparatus for cultivating mycorrhizal edible fungi under a forest.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer apparatus for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a connecting water pipe in the fertilizer apparatus for cultivating mycorrhizal edible fungi in a forest.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pressing plate in the fertilizer apparatus for cultivating mycorrhizal edible fungi under a forest.
Fig. 5 is a side view of a protruding block in the fertilizer apparatus for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation, which is provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a in the fertilizer apparatus for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of B in the fertilizer apparatus for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of C in the fertilizer apparatus for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a fertilization box; 2. a moving wheel; 3. a pushing frame; 4. a feed pipe; 5. a mixing box; 6. a stirring rod; 7. stirring blades; 8. a first bevel gear; 9. a first motor; 10. a reciprocating screw rod; 11. a second bevel gear; 12. a first auxiliary lever; 13. a first threaded sleeve; 14. a first movable block; 15. a first linkage rod; 16. a second movable block; 17. a riser; 18. a pressing plate; 19. a chute; 20. a water pump; 21. a hose; 22. a limiting block; 23. a first threaded rod; 24. a turntable; 25. a second auxiliary lever; 26. a second threaded sleeve; 27. a third movable block; 28. a second linkage rod; 29. a hinge base; 30. a movable plate; 31. a fourth movable block; 32. a protruding block; 33. a rotating shaft; 34. connecting a water pipe; 35. a spray head; 36. a driven gear; 37. a second threaded rod; 38. a third auxiliary lever; 39. a third thread bush; 40. a driving rack; 41. a first connection sleeve; 42. a second connecting sleeve; 43. a second motor; 44. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the fertilizer injection unit for mycorrhizal edible fungi under-forest cultivation provided by the invention comprises a fertilizer injection box 1, a linkage structure, an unfolding structure and a spraying structure, and is characterized in that moving wheels 2 are arranged at four corners of the lower end of the fertilizer injection box 1, a pushing frame 3 is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the fertilizer injection box 1, a mixing box 5 is arranged at the bottom end inside the fertilizer injection box 1, a stirring rod 6 is arranged at the top end inside the mixing box 5, a plurality of stirring blades 7 are arranged on the side wall of the stirring rod 6, the linkage structure is arranged inside the fertilizer injection box 1 and above the mixing box 5, hinge seats 29 are arranged at the lower sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilizer injection box 1, a movable plate 30 is connected with the left side and the right side of the fertilizer injection box 1 and above the movable plate 30, a spraying structure is arranged at the lower side of the movable plate 30, a controller 44 is arranged at the front end of the fertilizer injection box 1, and the moving wheels 2, a first motor 9, a water pump 20 and a second motor 43 are electrically connected with the controller 44.
In an alternative embodiment, the linkage structure comprises a first bevel gear 8, a reciprocating screw rod 10, a second bevel gear 11, a first auxiliary rod 12, a first threaded sleeve 13, a first movable block 14, a first linkage rod 15, a second movable block 16 and a vertical plate 17, wherein the upper end of the stirring rod 6 penetrates through the mixing box 5 and is provided with the first bevel gear 8, the left and right ends of the inside of the fertilization box 1 and the upper side of the mixing box 5 are respectively provided with the reciprocating screw rod 10 and the first auxiliary rod 12, the upper side of the reciprocating screw rod 10 is respectively provided with the second bevel gear 11 at the end, close to the two reciprocating screw rods 10, of the two second bevel gears 11 are respectively connected with the first bevel gear 8 in a meshed manner, the first threaded sleeve 13 is connected with the reciprocating screw rod 10 in a threaded manner, the lower end of the first threaded sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with the first movable block 14, the first movable block 14 is rotatably connected with the first linkage rod 15, the left side and the right side of the top end of the mixing box 5 are provided with sliding grooves 19, a vertical plate 17 is connected in a sliding way in the sliding grooves 19, the upper end of the vertical plate 17 is provided with a second movable block 16, the other end of a first linkage rod 15 is connected with the second movable block 16, the lower ends of the two vertical plates 17 are fixedly connected with a pressing plate 18, a plurality of through grooves are arranged in the pressing plate 18, the middle part of the upper end of the fertilizing box 1 is provided with a first motor 9, the output end of the first motor 9 penetrates through the top wall of the fertilizing box 1 to be connected with a first bevel gear 8, the rear side of the upper end of the fertilizing box 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 4, the lower end of the feeding pipe 4 penetrates through the fertilizing box 1 to be connected with the mixing box 5, the first bevel gear 8 and the stirring rod 6 are driven to rotate through the first motor 9, and then a plurality of stirring blades 7 are driven to uniformly mix water-soluble fertilizers and water, so as to ensure the uniform distribution of nutrient substances in the fertilizing liquid, thereby improving the fertilizing effect, and in the process of the rotation of the first bevel gear 8, the first bevel gear 8 and the two second bevel gears 11 are mutually matched to drive the reciprocating screw rod 10 to rotate, and then drive the first threaded sleeve 13 and the first movable block 14 to move left and right, and the first movable block 14, the first linkage rod 15 and the second movable block 16 are mutually matched to drive the vertical plate 17 and the pressing plate 18 to move up and down, so that the pressing plate 18 moves back and forth in the mixing box 5 to press the liquid at the bottom of the mixing box 5, the mixed liquid deposited at the bottom flows upwards under the extrusion of the pressing plate 18, the phenomenon of precipitation and layering of the mixed liquid is prevented, and the device can conveniently control the movement of the stirring rod 6 and the internal parts of the mixing box 5 through the matching of a motor and the linkage structure, so that the uniform mixing of the mixed liquid in the mixing box is realized.
In an alternative embodiment, the unfolding structure comprises a limiting block 22, a first threaded rod 23, a rotary table 24, a second auxiliary rod 25, a second thread sleeve 26, a third movable block 27, a second linkage rod 28 and a fourth movable block 31, wherein the limiting block 22 is arranged on the upper sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilization box 1, the first threaded rod 23 and the second auxiliary rod 25 are arranged at the lower end of the limiting block 22, the upper end of the first threaded rod 23 penetrates through the limiting block 22 to be provided with the rotary table 24, the second thread sleeve 26 is in threaded connection with the first threaded rod 23, one end of the second thread sleeve 26, far away from the fertilization box 1, is provided with the third movable block 27, the third movable block 27 is in rotary connection with the second linkage rod 28, the upper end of the movable plate 30 is provided with the fourth movable block 31, the other end of the second linkage rod 28 is in rotary connection with the fourth movable block 31, the first threaded rod 23 is driven to rotate through the rotary table 24, and further the second threaded rod 26 and the third movable block 27 are driven to move upwards, the third movable block 27, the second movable block 28 and the fourth movable block 31 are driven to be matched with each other, and the movable plate 30 is driven to rotate upwards at the two sides of the fertilization box 1, and the occupied space ratio of the two is reduced, and the space ratio of the vertical joint device is increased, and the space ratio of the two sides is 35 is increased.
In an alternative embodiment, the spraying structure includes protruding piece 32, axis of rotation 33, connecting water pipe 34, shower nozzle 35, driven gear 36, second threaded rod 37, third auxiliary rod 38, third thread bush 39 and initiative rack 40, the fly leaf 30 lower extreme left and right sides all is provided with protruding piece 32, be provided with axis of rotation 33 between two protruding pieces 32, fixedly connected with connecting water pipe 34 on the axis of rotation 33, connecting water pipe 34 lower extreme is provided with a plurality of shower nozzles 35, the one end that the axis of rotation 33 kept away from fertilization case 1 runs through protruding piece 32 fixedly connected with driven gear 36, the fly leaf 30 lower extreme just is located driven gear 36 rear side and is provided with second threaded rod 37 and third auxiliary rod 38, and third auxiliary rod 38 is located second threaded rod 37 rear side, threaded connection has third thread bush 39 on the second threaded rod 37, third thread bush 39 front end is provided with initiative rack 40, and initiative rack 40 is connected with driven gear 36 meshing, the fly leaf 30 upper end is provided with second motor 43, and the output end that the second threaded rod 37 upper end runs through fly leaf 30 and second motor 43 is connected with, thereby realize that driven gear 37 carries out the rotation with driven gear 35 and drive angle adjustment of driven gear 37 through second threaded rod 37 and driven gear 35, thereby realize the rotation of driven gear 40 and driven gear 35 to rotate the driven gear 35.
In an alternative embodiment, the water pump 20 is disposed at the bottom end inside the fertilizing box 1 and located at the left and right sides of the mixing box 5, the water inlet end of the water pump 20 is connected with the mixing box 5, the water outlet end of the water pump 20 is connected with the hose 21, the first connecting sleeve 41 is disposed at the left and right side walls of the fertilizing box 1, the second connecting sleeve 42 is disposed at one side inside the movable plate 30, which is close to the fertilizing box 1, and one end, away from the water pump 20, of the hose 21 penetrates through the first connecting sleeve 41 and the second connecting sleeve 42 to be connected with the connecting water pipe 34.
In an alternative embodiment, the intelligent calculation formula for controlling the flow rate of the water pump by the controller 44 is:
water pump flow rate (unit: g/S) = (d× (s+t) +c) ×v
Wherein d is a fertilizer concentration adjustment coefficient, S is a growth stage coefficient, T is a crop type coefficient, c is a fertilizer type coefficient, and V is a movement speed of the fertilizer application device.
The specific parameters are set as follows:
d= X_0 × (Y_0 / Y)
the reference fertilizer concentration (Y_0) of the edible fungi under the forest is 0.5%, the reference parameter value (X_0) is 0.8, and Y is the actual fertilizer concentration.
In an alternative embodiment, when fertilization is performed, aiming at the situation that the fertilization field under the forest is narrower, the turntable 24 on one side can be independently rotated to drive the first threaded rod 23 to rotate, and then the second threaded sleeve 26 and the third movable block 27 are driven to move downwards, the movable plate 30 is driven to rotate downwards at the hinging seat 29 by means of the mutual cooperation of the third movable block 27, the second linkage rod 28 and the fourth movable block 31, the movable plate 30 is unfolded, fertilization treatment on the mycorrhiza with narrower fertilization field is realized by only unfolding one movable plate 30, and the device can independently fertilize one cage mycorrhiza and simultaneously fertilize two mycorrhizas by independently controlling the two movable plates 30, so that the application range of the device is increased.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when in use, a worker firstly puts specific water-soluble fertilizer and water into the mixing box 5 in proportion through the feed pipe 4, inputs fertilizer type and concentration parameters, edible fungus growth stage parameters and crop type parameters into the controller 44, then starts the first motor 9 through the controller 44, drives the first bevel gear 8 and the stirring rod 6 to rotate through the first motor 9, further drives the stirring blades 7 to uniformly mix the water-soluble fertilizer and the water, ensures that nutrient substances in the fertilizer liquid are uniformly distributed, improves the fertilizer effect, drives the reciprocating screw rod 10 to rotate through the mutual cooperation of the first bevel gear 8 and the two second bevel gears 11 in the rotating process of the first bevel gear 8, further drives the first thread sleeve 13 and the first movable block 14 to move left and right, the vertical plate 17 and the pressing plate 18 are driven to move up and down by means of the mutual matching of the first movable block 14, the first linkage rod 15 and the second movable block 16, the pressing plate 18 moves back and forth in the mixing box 5 to press liquid at the bottom of the mixing box 5, so that the mixed liquid deposited at the bottom flows upwards under the extrusion of the pressing plate 18 to prevent the mixed liquid from depositing and layering, the movement of the stirring rod 6 and the internal parts of the mixing box 5 can be conveniently controlled by the matching of the motor and the linkage structure to realize the uniform mixing of the mixed liquid in the mixing box, the device is moved between two mycorrhizas, the mycorrhizas in two areas are conveniently and simultaneously fertilized by the movable plates 30 and the spray heads 35 which are unfolded at two sides, the fertilization efficiency is improved, then the water pump 20 is started by the controller 44, and according to relevant parameters input at the beginning of operation, and the real-time moving speed transmitted by the moving wheel 2 is used for controlling the flow speed of the water pump 20, the fertilizing liquid in the mixing box 5 is conveyed to the connecting water pipe 34 through the water pump 20 and the hose 21 and sprayed out from the spray heads 35, when the edible fungus roots are fertilized, the controller 44 starts the second motor 43 to drive the second threaded rod 37 to rotate, and then drives the third threaded sleeve 39 and the driving rack 40 to move up and down, the meshing of the driving rack 40 and the driven gear 36 is used for driving the rotating shaft 33 and the connecting water pipe 34 to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the spraying angles of a plurality of spray heads 35, ensuring that the fertilizing liquid is covered on fungus roots and plant roots more uniformly in the fertilizing process, improving the fertilizing effect and the utilization rate, and when the fertilizing box 1 is not used or after the fertilizing is finished, the rotating rotary table 24 is used for driving the first threaded rod 23 to rotate, the second screw sleeve 26 and the third movable block 27 are driven to move upwards, the movable plate 30 is driven to rotate upwards at the hinging seat 29 by means of the mutual matching of the third movable block 27, the second linkage rod 28 and the fourth movable block 31, the movable plate 30 and the spray heads 35 are vertical to the two sides of the fertilization box 1, the occupied area of the device is reduced, the space utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, workers can conveniently move the fertilization box 1, other objects on the ground are prevented from colliding with the movable plate 30 and the spray heads 35 when the fertilization box 1 is moved, and the first threaded rod 23 can be driven to rotate by singly rotating the turntable 24 on one side to drive the second screw sleeve 26 and the third movable block 27 to move downwards by means of the mutual matching of the third movable block 27, the second linkage rod 28 and the fourth movable block 31 when the fertilization field under forests is narrow, the movable plate 30 is driven to rotate downwards at the hinging seat 29 to spread the movable plate 30 on one side of the fertilization box 1, and the fertilization treatment on the mycorrhiza with narrower fertilization area is realized by spreading only one movable plate, so that the device can independently fertilize one cage of mycorrhiza by independently controlling the two movable plates 30, and simultaneously fertilize two mycorrhizas, thereby increasing the application range of the device.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention, and are not restrictive of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (3)
1. The process using the mycorrhizal edible fungus under-forest cultivation fertilizer injection unit is characterized by comprising a fertilizer box (1), a linkage structure, an unfolding structure and a spraying structure, wherein four corners at the lower end of the fertilizer box (1) are respectively provided with a movable wheel (2), a pushing frame (3) is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the fertilizer box (1), a mixing box (5) is arranged at the bottom end inside the fertilizer box (1), a stirring rod (6) is arranged at the top end inside the mixing box (5), a plurality of stirring blades (7) are arranged on the side wall of the stirring rod (6), a linkage structure is arranged inside the fertilizer box (1) and positioned at the upper side of the mixing box (5), hinge seats (29) are respectively arranged at the lower sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilizer box (1), a movable plate (30) is connected with the movable plate (30) through the hinge seats, the lower side of the movable plate (30) is provided with a structure, a front end of the fertilizer box (1) is provided with a controller (44), a second controller (20) and a second controller (43) are electrically connected with the water pump (43); the linkage structure includes: the upper end of the stirring rod (6) penetrates through a first bevel gear (8) arranged in the mixing box (5), the left end and the right end inside the fertilization box (1) and are positioned at the upper side of the mixing box (5) and are respectively provided with a reciprocating screw rod (10) and a first auxiliary rod (12), and a second bevel gear (11) which is respectively arranged at one end, close to the two reciprocating screw rods (10); the first auxiliary rod (12) is positioned on the upper side of the reciprocating screw rod (10), and the two second bevel gears (11) are in meshed connection with the first bevel gear (8); the reciprocating screw rod (10) is connected with a first thread bush (13) in a threaded manner, the lower end of the first thread bush (13) is fixedly connected with a first movable block (14), the first movable block (14) is rotatably connected with a first linkage rod (15), sliding grooves (19) are formed in the left side and the right side of the top end of the mixing box (5), a vertical plate (17) is connected in the sliding manner in the sliding grooves (19), and a second movable block (16) is arranged at the upper end of the vertical plate (17); the other end of the first linkage rod (15) is connected with a second movable block (16); the lower ends of the two vertical plates (17) are fixedly connected with a pressing plate (18), and a plurality of through grooves are formed in the pressing plate (18); the spreading structure comprises a limiting block (22), a first threaded rod (23), a rotary table (24), a second auxiliary rod (25), a second thread bush (26), a third movable block (27), a second linkage rod (28) and a fourth movable block (31), wherein the limiting block (22) is arranged on the upper sides of the left end and the right end of the fertilization box (1), the first threaded rod (23) and the second auxiliary rod (25) are arranged at the lower end of the limiting block (22), the rotary table (24) is arranged at the upper end of the first threaded rod (23) in a penetrating mode through the limiting block (22), the second thread bush (26) is connected to the first threaded rod (23) in a threaded mode, the third movable block (27) is arranged at one end, far away from the fertilization box (1), of the second thread bush (26), the second linkage rod (28) is connected in a rotating mode, the fourth movable block (31) is arranged at the upper end of the movable plate (30), and the other end of the second linkage rod (28) is connected with the fourth movable block (31) in a rotating mode; the spraying structure comprises a protruding block (32), a rotating shaft (33), a connecting water pipe (34), spray heads (35), driven gears (36), a second threaded rod (37), a third auxiliary rod (38), third threaded sleeves (39) and a driving rack (40), wherein the protruding block (32) is arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end of the movable plate (30), the rotating shaft (33) is arranged between the two protruding blocks (32), the connecting water pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (33), a plurality of spray heads (35) are arranged at the lower end of the connecting water pipe (34), one end of the rotating shaft (33) far away from a fertilizing box (1) penetrates through the protruding block (32) and is fixedly connected with the driven gears (36), the lower end of the movable plate (30) is provided with the second threaded rod (37) and the third auxiliary rod (38), the third auxiliary rod (38) is arranged on the rear side of the second threaded rod (37), the third threaded sleeve (39) is connected to the second threaded rod (37), the driving rack (40) is arranged at the front end of the third threaded sleeve (39), and the driving rack (40) is meshed with the driven gears (36); the fertilizing device is characterized in that a water pump (20) is arranged at the bottom end inside the fertilizing box (1) and positioned at the left side and the right side of the mixing box (5), the water inlet end of the water pump (20) is connected with the mixing box (5), the water outlet end of the water pump (20) is connected with a hose (21), first connecting sleeves (41) are arranged at the left side wall and the right side wall of the fertilizing box (1), a second connecting sleeve (42) is arranged at one side, close to the fertilizing box (1), inside the movable plate (30), of the movable plate, and one end, far away from the water pump (20), of the hose (21) penetrates through the first connecting sleeves (41) and the second connecting sleeve (42) to be connected with a connecting water pipe (34);
the intelligent calculation mode of the flow rate of the water pump is as follows:
water pump flow rate (meter/second) = (d× (s+t) +c) ×v
Wherein d is a fertilizer concentration adjustment coefficient, S is a growth stage coefficient, T is a crop type coefficient, c is a fertilizer type coefficient, and V is a movement speed of the fertilizer application device;
the mycorrhizal edible fungi are mushrooms, agaric and tricholoma matsutake;
the fertilizer is of a single type; the numerical values of S are 0.68, 0.30 and 1.16, which correspond to the hypha growth period, the fruiting body formation period and the fruiting body growth period of the mycorrhizal edible fungi one by one respectively; the numerical value of T is 0.45, 0.55 and 0.80, which are respectively corresponding to the mushrooms, the agaric and the tricholoma matsutake one by one; the numerical value of C is 4.0, 2.75 and 2.25, and the fertilizer types corresponding to each other are nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer;
d is calculated by the following steps: d=x_0× (y_0/Y);
wherein Y_0 is the reference fertilizer concentration of the edible fungi under the forest, and Y_0 is 0.5%; x_0 is a reference parameter value, and X_0 is 0.8; y is the actual fertilizer concentration.
2. The process of the fertilizer apparatus for cultivating edible fungi under a mycorrhizal forest according to claim 1, wherein a first motor (9) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the fertilizer box (1), the output end of the first motor (9) penetrates through the top wall of the fertilizer box (1) to be connected with a first bevel gear (8), a feed pipe (4) is arranged at the rear side of the upper end of the fertilizer box (1), and the lower end of the feed pipe (4) penetrates through the fertilizer box (1) to be connected with a mixing box (5).
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the movable plate (30) is provided with a second motor (43) at its upper end, and the upper end of the second threaded rod (37) penetrates through the movable plate (30) and is connected with the output end of the second motor (43).
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