CN1175795C - 体液吸收穿用物品 - Google Patents

体液吸收穿用物品 Download PDF

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CN1175795C
CN1175795C CNB011178167A CN01117816A CN1175795C CN 1175795 C CN1175795 C CN 1175795C CN B011178167 A CNB011178167 A CN B011178167A CN 01117816 A CN01117816 A CN 01117816A CN 1175795 C CN1175795 C CN 1175795C
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大西和彰
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Abstract

本发明提供一种可以使软便、水样便、经血等高粘度***物在穿用者皮肤上附着的最少的体液吸收性穿用物品。该穿用物品(10)由顶片(11)、底片(12)和夹在顶片(11)与底片(12)之间的吸液芯(13)构成。沿纵向具有前部区域，后部区域和位于上述前、后区域之间的裆区，由纤维网形成的垫片(1)安装在后部区域和中间区域中的表面(11)的外面，垫片(1)具有沿纤维网厚度方向贯通并沿与厚度方向交叉的方向排列的多个开口部(2)和包围各个开口部(2)的阻挡壁部(3)，阻挡壁部(3)的纤维密度从顶片(11)一侧向上方依次增加。

Description

体液吸收穿用物品
技术领域
本发明涉及一次性尿布、生理用卫生巾和失禁人用吸液垫等吸收性穿用物品。
背景技术
特开平11-318976号公报公开了一种一次性尿布，该尿布的吸液芯夹在透液性表面与不透液性底片之间，并在纵向具有前、后腰周区域和位于前、后腰周区域之间的裆区，在纵向的后方大致二分之一处形成由吸收性材料和覆盖该材料的透液性片组成的多条***部分。这些***部沿纵向离开尿布内表面一定的尺寸并在横向上延伸。在尿布上，***部成为抑制乃至阻止***物流动的阻挡壁，可以防止***物向尿布的前方流动和从尿布后方漏出。
在该公报中，记载有因为***部的吸收材料可以吸收***物的水分，所以使防止从尿布后方泄漏出的效果进一步提高的内容。但是因为在尿布中，***部的吸收材料不能把软便和象水那样的粪便等高粘度***物中的固体成分吸收到内部，所以固体成分往往残留在***部之间露出的顶片的外面和覆盖***部的透液性片的外面上，并附着在穿用者的皮肤上。
发明内容
本发明的课题是提供可以使软便和象水那样的粪便、经血等高粘度***物最低限定地附着在穿用者皮肤上的体液吸收性穿用物品。
为了解决上述课题，作为本发明的前提是提供这样一种体液吸收性穿用物品，该穿用物品由透液性顶片，不透液性底片和夹在上述顶片与底片之间的吸液芯构成并在纵向上具有前部区域、后部区域和位于上述前、后部区之间的中间区域。
在该前提下，本发明的特征在于：由具有压缩复原弹性的纤维网形成的垫状的垫片安装在上述穿用物品的至少后部区域与中间区域中的上述顶片的外面上，上述垫片具有通过沿厚度方向贯通上述纤维网并沿与该厚度方向交叉的方向互相间隔地排列的开口部和围绕上述各个开口部的阻挡壁部，上述阻挡壁部的纤维密度从上述顶片一侧向上方逐渐地增加。
本发明具有以下的实施方式：
(1)上述顶片由亲水性无纺布形成，上述顶片的纤维密度比位于顶片一侧的上述阻挡壁部的部位的密度高。
(2)上述阻挡壁部由位于上述顶片一侧的低密度纤维层和位于上述低密度纤维层上方的高密度纤维层形成。
(3)上述阻挡壁部的厚度在2～30mm的范围内。
(4)上述低密度纤维层的主要纤维的纤度在2.2～6.5旦尼尔的范围，上述高密度纤维层的主要纤维纤度在0.5～2.2旦尼尔的范围内。
(5)上述开口部的开口面积在10～1600mm2的范围，上述开口部相对于上述垫片的单位面积的占有面积率在20～80％的范围内。
(6)上述垫片的压缩弹性率在(35g/cm2负荷下的厚度)÷(2g/cm2负荷下的厚度)×100＝20～80％范围内。
附图说明
图1是尿水的局部破断斜视图。
图2是沿图1的A-A线剖切的断面图。
图3是表示软便流动模式的垫片和顶片的局部断面图。
图4是表示尿液流动模式的垫片和顶片的局部断面图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图以一次性尿布为例子详细说明与本发明有关的体液吸收性穿着用品。
图1是尿布10局部破断斜视图，图2是沿图1的A-A线剖切的断面图。
尿布10以由亲水性的无纺布形成的透液性顶片11、不透液性底片12和夹在顶片11与底片12之间并至少接合在这两片11、12中至少一方上的吸液芯13作为基本构成部件。尿布10具有前腰周围区口19(前部区域)、后腰周围区域21(后部区域)和位于前、后腰周区19、21之间的裆区域20(中间区域)并且具有沿纵向互相并行延伸并在裆区域20朝向尿布10的内方呈弧形的两侧缘部10a和沿横向互相并行延伸的两端缘部10b。
在尿布10的两侧缘部10a上安装有在伸长状态下沿纵向延伸的线状腿周围用弹性部件15。在尿布10的两端缘部10b上，沿横向延伸的片状腰周围用弹性部件16夹在顶片11与底片12之间并在伸长状态下安装在这两片11、12中的至少一方上。在吸液芯13的两侧缘部13a的外侧附近安装互相间隔沿纵向并行延伸的一对阻挡液体的防漏遮挡体14。
在顶片11的外面上安装纵向长的矩形垫片垫片1。垫片1位于各遮挡体14之间的吸液芯13的上部并延伸到尿布10的后腰周围区域21以及裆区域20，垫片的底面通过粘接剂或热熔接固定在顶片11的外面。
垫片1由具有压缩复原弹性的纤维网形成，并具有沿厚度方向贯通纤维网的多个四边形开口部2和围绕各个开口部2的阻挡壁部3。
各个开口部2沿相对尿布10的两侧缘部10a和两端缘部10b倾斜的方向互相间隔地并行排列。阻挡壁部3由多条第一阻挡壁部3A和多条第二阻挡壁部3B形成。第一阻挡壁部3A沿倾斜方向互相间隔并行而且在各个开口部之间延伸，第二阻挡壁部3B与第一阻挡壁3A垂直地没倾斜方向互相间隔并行且在各个开口部2之间延伸。
垫片1的开口部2由相邻的两条第一阻挡壁部3A和与这两条第一阻挡壁部3A交叉并相邻的两条第二阻挡壁部3B形成。各个阻挡壁部3A、3B具有位于顶片11外侧的低密度纤维层3a和位于低密度纤维层3a上方的高密度纤维层3b。低密度纤维层3a的纤维密度比高密度纤维层3b和顶片11的纤维密度低。
在后腰周围区域21中尿布10的两侧缘部10a上安装朝横向内方延伸的带式扣件18基端部。在前腰周围区域19的底片12的外面安装构成带式扣件18的固定区域的矩形目标带(未示出)。
防漏遮挡体14具有：在靠近吸收芯13的两侧缘部13a外侧的位置上固定在顶片11外面上并沿纵向延伸的固定侧部14a，位于裆区域20朝尿布10的横向内方延伸并具有向尿布10的上方立起特性的自由侧部14b和在向尿布10的横向方倒状的状态下固定在位于前、后腰周围区域19、21的顶片11外面上的固定两端部14c。朝纵向延伸的弹性伸缩部件17在伸长的状态下以被遮挡体14的自由侧部14b的一部分包覆的状态安装在遮挡体14的自由侧部14b上。
在图1中，尿布1 0将其内面作为内侧纵向弯曲，解除各个弹性构件15、16、17的伸长状态，在尿布10的两侧缘部10a和两端缘部10b以及两个遮挡体14的各自由侧14b上形成褶。在尿布10上形成顶片11和遮挡体14朝向尿布10横向内方开口的兜P。
在尿布10中，当带式扣件18通过涂敷在带式扣件18自由端部内面上的粘接剂粘接在目标带上时，形成左右一对腿部周开口和腰周开口(未示出)。
在尿布10上，顶片11的外侧部分11a从吸液芯13的两侧缘部13a朝横向外方稍延伸，底片12的外侧部分12a和遮挡体14的外侧部分14d从顶片11的外侧部分11a朝横向外方延伸。顶片11的外侧部分11a夹在底片12的外侧部分12a与遮挡体14的外侧部分14d之间并固定在底片12和遮挡体14中的至少一方上。底片12的外侧部分12a和遮挡体14的外侧部分14d其12a、14d的互相重合部分固接着。腿周围用弹性部件15夹在底片12的外侧部分12a和遮挡体14的外侧部分14d之间并安装在所述12a、14d中的至少一方上。在尿布10的两端缘部10b上，从吸液芯13的两端缘部13b向纵向外方延伸的顶片11、底片12和遮挡体14的互相重合的部分固接着。
图3和4分别是表示软便流动模式的垫片1和与顶片11的局部断面图和尿流动模式的垫片1和表面层11的局部断面图。用箭头X表示软便流，用箭头Y表示尿流。已***到垫片1的阻挡壁部3顶面上的软便，如图3所示，因为具有高粘度，所以难于渗入高密度纤维层3b中，而只能滞留在阻挡壁部3的顶面上，但在穿用者的皮肤与阻挡壁部3的顶部互相摩擦的过程中，软便将如箭头X表示那样从顶面流入开口部2的内部。在开口部2的内部，已到达顶片11的软便中的水分透过顶片11被吸液芯13吸收。在开口部2内部滞留的软便的固体部分与水分的一部发一起渗入阻挡壁部3的低密度纤维层3a。因为低密度纤维层3a的纤维密度比高密度纤维层3b的纤维密度低，其纤维间隙比高密度纤维层3b的纤维间隙大，所以即便是软便中的固体成分也能容易渗入。已渗入低密度纤维层3a内的软便中的水分从低密度纤维层3a流向顶片11，然后透过顶片11被吸液芯13吸收。软便的水分被吸液芯13吸收，软便的固体部分渗入低密度纤维层3a，所以使软硬保持在与穿用者皮肤相离的状态下。
***在垫片1的阻挡壁部3顶面上的尿，如图4所示，渗入到高密度纤维层3b后扩散，慢慢从高密度纤维层3b向阻挡壁部3的低密度纤维层3a渗入。***在垫片1开口部2中的尿，到达顶片11后，离开顶片11被吸液芯13吸收。在透过顶片11的过程中，滞留在开口部2内部中的一部分尿渗入到阻挡壁部3的低密度纤维层3a中，从低密度纤维层3a流向顶片11，在透过顶片11后被吸液芯13吸收。
因为顶片11的纤维密度比低密度纤维层3a的密度高，所以顶片11中的毛细管现象比低密度纤维层3a的强，再与吸液芯13的吸收力相结合，使软便中的水分与尿从低密度纤维层3a流向表面层11。
垫片1的阻挡壁部3的厚度尺寸L在2～30mm的范围。在厚度尺寸L不足2mm时，在低密度纤维层3a的软便吸收能力下降，存在软便中的固体部分不能被垫片1的低密度纤维层3a收容的情况下，厚度尺寸L超过30mm时，垫片1的阻挡壁部3变高，在穿用尿布10时感到不舒适。
在阻挡壁部3中，低密度纤维层3a的纤维单位面积重量在30～45g/m2的范围，低密度纤维层3a的纤维密度在0.01～0.03g/cm2的范围，高密度纤维层3b的纤维单位面积重量在45～300g/m2的范围，高密度纤维层3b的纤维密度在0.03～0.10g/cm3的范围。
在低密度纤维层3a的纤维单位面积重量不足30g/m2且低密度纤维层3a的纤维密度不足0.01g/cm3时，使阻挡壁部3的强度下降，阻挡壁部3在穿用者的体压下容易折曲，已渗入低密度纤维层3a的软便往往会返回。如果低密度纤维层3a的纤维单位面积重量超过45g/m2且低密度纤维层3a的纤维密度超过0.03g/cm3时，因低密度纤维层3a的纤维间隙变密而使软便中的固体部分难于渗入低密度纤维层3a中。
如果高密度纤维层3b的纤维单位面积重量不足45g/m2且高密度纤维层3b的纤维密度不足0.03g/cm3时，则使高密度纤维层3b的纤维间隙变疏，而容易使软便中的固体部分渗入高密度纤维层3b中。一旦固体部分渗入高密度纤维层3b中，在穿用者的体压下阻挡壁部3受到挤压时，固体部分往往从高密度纤维层3b返回到垫片1的顶面。如果高密度纤维层3b的纤维单位面积重量超过300g/m2且高密度纤维层3b的纤维密度超过0.10g/cm3时，则使高密度纤维层3b的硬挺性增加，从而高密度纤维层3b对穿用者皮肤产生不舒服的刺激。
在阻挡壁部3中，低密度纤维层3a的纤维纤度在2.2～6.5旦尼尔的范围，高密度纤维层3b的纤维纤度在0.5～2.2旦尼尔的范围。由于高密度纤维层3b使用纤度低的纤维，而可以使高密度纤维层3b中的纤维间隙更加变小。
在垫片1中，开口部2的开口面积在10～1600mm2的范围，开口部2相对于垫片1的单位面积的面积占有率在20～80％的范围内，如果开口面积不足10mm2且单位面积占有率不足20％时，则使开口部2的软便收容容积减少，因此不能使软便中的固体部分从开口部2迅速被低密度纤维层3a吸收，往往使软便滞留在垫片1的顶面上。如果开口面积超过1600mm2且占有面积率超过80％时，则使阻挡壁部3的强度下降，阻挡壁部3在穿用者的体压下容易纵向弯曲。
垫片1中，其压缩弹性率在(35g/m2负荷下的厚度)÷(2g/m2负荷下的厚度)×100＝20～80％的范围。在压缩弹性率不足20％时，在阻挡部3受到体压而塌陷时，阻挡壁部3不能从塌陷的状态恢复，不仅使低密度纤维层3a对软便的收容能力下降，而且往往使渗入低密度纤维层3a的软便反渗。在压缩弹性率超过80％时，使阻挡壁部3的刚性增加，会对穿用者的皮肤产生不适的刺激。
在垫片1的阻挡壁3的顶面涂覆防水剂。涂覆防水剂可以防止从开口部2的内部渗入低密度纤维层3a和高密度纤维层3b的***物从阻挡壁部3的顶面渗出。垫片1在后腰周围区域21和裆区20上延伸并延至前腰周围区域20。
作为垫片1的一个实施例，在配置有与开口形状吻合的开口用凸销的移动传送带上，通过向移动传送带上的纤维网吹垫风使短纤维间热熔合，便可制得由在空气中放出分散的垫塑性合成树脂制成的短纤维积层的纤维网。
作为垫片1的另一实施例，在使熔融的热塑性合成树脂从纺丝喷嘴中喷出的同时，使空气从以在喷嘴架上夹持的形式配置的气体喷射口中喷出，在通过气流把喷出的合成树脂纺丝成极细的纤维的同时，把已纺好纤维捕集在配置于喷嘴下方的网状传送带上，在传送带上互相交联的纤维彼此通过纤维自身具有的热接合成纤维网。然后在纤维网冷却前用加压辊加压使纤维网压缩成形实质上大致相等的厚度、或在纤维网冷却后用加压加热辊对其进行加压使之压缩成形为大致相等的厚度，借此完成网的制造。
作为形成垫片1的纤维，可以使用聚丙烯和聚乙烯等聚烯烃类纤维、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯等聚酯类纤维、耐纶66和耐纶6等聚酰亚胺类纤维、丙烯类纤维、木浆料和人造丝、醋酸酯等纤维素纤维、超吸收性聚合物纤维中的任何一种。也可以在纤维网上的纤维间隙中分散保持超吸收性的聚合物粒子。垫片1的开口部2并不限于正四边形，也可以是圆形、椭圆形、矩形、三角形等形状。
作为垫片1，除了由低密度纤维层3a和高密度纤维层3b组成外，垫片1的阻挡壁部3的纤维密度也可以从顶片11一侧向上方非阶跃地非连续地增加。在这样的垫片1中，阻挡壁部3的纤维单位面积重量最好在30～300g/m2的范围，纤维密度在0.01～0.1g/cm3的范围内。另外，位于顶片11一侧的阻挡壁部3处的纤维密度最好比顶片11的密度低。
作为底片12和防漏遮挡体14等，可以使用疏水性无纺布，不透液性的塑料薄膜或疏水性无纺布与塑料薄膜的叠层片，最好使用通气不透液性片。另外在底片12和纺漏遮挡体14上可以用将具有高耐水性的熔喷纤维无纺布的两片表面夹在具有高强度而富有柔软性的无纺布的片的表面上的复合无纺布(SMS无纺布)。
作为无纺布可以使用射流喷网、针刺、熔喷、热结合、纺粘、化学结合等无纺布。作为无纺布的构成纤维可以使用聚烯烃类、聚酯类、聚酰胺类的纤维、聚乙烯/聚丙烯或聚酯的复合纤维等。
吸液芯13是木浆和超吸收性聚合物颗粒的混合物，将其压缩到所要求的厚度，然后用绵纸等透水性片(未示出)完全被覆起来。
在把吸液芯13接合在片11、12上、和对片11、12和防漏遮挡体14进行固定、以及安装弹性件15、16、17时，可以利用热熔粘接剂粘接剂或粘合剂，或者利用热熔接技术。
本发明除了一次性尿布10之外，还可以在生理用卫生巾和失禁用吸液垫等上使用。
按照与本发明有关的体液吸收穿用物品，软粪、水样便、经血等高粘度***物不会渗入阻挡壁部的高密度纤维层中，而是流入垫片的开口部内部。在开口部的内部，高粘度***物中的水分透过顶片被吸液芯吸收，同时一部分渗入低密度纤维层。渗入低密度纤维层的水分从低密度纤维层流向顶片，透过顶片后被吸液芯吸收。高粘度***物中的固体部分在开口部内部中渗入低密度纤维层。因此高粘度***物不会残留在垫片的顶面，高粘度***物可以保持为与穿用者的皮肤隔离的状态，从而可以使高粘度***物在穿用者的皮肤上附着得最少。另外，即使垫片1在穿用者的体压下塌陷，高粘度***物也被阻挡在阻挡壁部的高密度纤维层内而不会逆流到垫片的顶面上。
尿液被阻挡壁部的高纤维密度层吸收，从高密度纤维层慢慢渗入低密度纤维层，然后尿液从低密度纤维层流向顶片，透过顶片后被吸液芯吸收。在开口部的内部，尿液透过顶片被吸液芯吸收，同时其一部分渗入低密度纤维层。流入低密度纤维层的尿液从低密度纤维层流向顶片，透过顶片后被吸液芯吸收。

Claims (6)

1.一种体液吸收性穿用物品，由透液性顶片、不透液性底片和夹在上述顶片与底片之间的吸液芯构成，并在纵向上具有前部区域、后部区域和位于上述前、后部区域之间的中间区域；
由具有压缩复原弹性的纤维网形成的垫状垫片安装在上述穿用物品的至少后部区域与中间区域中的上述顶片的外面上，上述垫片具有沿其厚度方向贯通上述纤维网并沿与该厚度方向交叉的方向互相间隔排列的多个开口部和围绕上述各个开口部的阻挡壁部，上述阻挡壁部的纤维密度从上述顶片一侧向上方逐渐变高，其特征在于，上述阻挡壁部的厚度处在2～30mm的范围。
2.根据权利要求1所述的穿用物品，其特征在于，上述顶片由亲水性无纺布形成，上述顶片的纤维密度比位于该顶片一侧的上述阻挡壁部的部位的纤维密度高。
3根据权利要求1或2所述的穿用物品，其特征在于，上述阻挡壁部由位于上述顶片之侧的低密度纤维层和位于上述低密度纤维层的上方的高密度纤维层形成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的穿用物品，其特征在于，上述低密度纤维层的主要纤维的纤度处在2.2～6.5旦尼尔的范围，上述高密度纤维层的主要纤维的纤度处在0.5～2.2旦尼尔的范围。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的穿用物品，其特征在于，上述开口部的开口面积处在10～1600mm2的范围，上述开口部相对于上述垫片的单位面积的面积占有率处在20～80％的范围。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的穿用物品，其特征在于，上述垫片的压缩弹性率处在(35g/cm2负荷下的厚度)÷(2g/cm2负荷下的厚度)×100＝20～80％范围。
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JP7486317B2 (ja) 2017-06-05 2024-05-17 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー ***物の可視化が改善された構成可能な吸収性物品
JP6479107B2 (ja) * 2017-08-01 2019-03-06 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 吸収性物品
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JP7157525B2 (ja) * 2017-11-29 2022-10-20 花王株式会社 吸収性物品
JP6758332B2 (ja) * 2018-01-10 2020-09-23 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 吸収性物品
JP6585751B2 (ja) * 2018-02-26 2019-10-02 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 低体重児用おむつ
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CN1320416A (zh) 2001-11-07
CA2341836A1 (en) 2001-09-30
JP3681320B2 (ja) 2005-08-10
EP1138301A2 (en) 2001-10-04
KR100804559B1 (ko) 2008-02-20
EP1138301B1 (en) 2008-11-19
TW483324U (en) 2002-04-11
EP1138301A3 (en) 2002-01-30
CA2341836C (en) 2006-09-19
MY124949A (en) 2006-07-31
US20010037103A1 (en) 2001-11-01
US6626880B2 (en) 2003-09-30
KR20010095119A (ko) 2001-11-03
JP2001276121A (ja) 2001-10-09
SG126675A1 (en) 2006-11-29
DE60136586D1 (de) 2009-01-02
AU3131001A (en) 2001-10-04
ID29736A (id) 2001-10-04
BR0101621A (pt) 2001-11-06
BR0101621B1 (pt) 2009-08-11
AU780759B2 (en) 2005-04-14

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