CN117548475A - Application of pyracantha fortuneana in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Application of pyracantha fortuneana in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN117548475A CN117548475A CN202311750375.5A CN202311750375A CN117548475A CN 117548475 A CN117548475 A CN 117548475A CN 202311750375 A CN202311750375 A CN 202311750375A CN 117548475 A CN117548475 A CN 117548475A
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 241001295692 Pyracantha fortuneana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000128206 Pyracantha coccinea Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000003105 Pyracantha coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001295689 Pyracantha Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000120 microwave digestion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil. The invention provides an application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium. According to the invention, natural and wild pyracantha fortuneana plant samples are collected from a heavy metal tailing pond, and the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals such as copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, tin and mercury are analyzed; the result shows that the pyracantha fortuneana has the capability of enriching, extracting and transporting zinc, lead and cadmium, and can be used as a repair function plant for repairing lead, zinc or cadmium pollution, or lead and zinc combined pollution, or cadmium and zinc combined pollution, or lead, zinc and cadmium combined pollution soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil.
Background
Soil is an important resource for human to survive, and is related to the problems of grains, resources, environment and the like faced by human. The heavy metal elements are enriched in the soil to a certain extent so as to pollute the soil, influence the ecological environment and agricultural production function of the soil and harm the human health. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) pollution are common soil heavy metal pollution. The average background value of the world soil lead is 15-25 mg kg -1 The average background value of the cadmium in the soil is 0.01-0.7 mg kg -1 The average background value of the zinc in the soil is l 0-300 mg kg -1 。
Phytoremediation techniques are those that repair by plant uptake, plant volatilization, or plant stabilization. The three different repairing methods have great difference in repairing mechanism and are not communicated with each other. Plant uptake is the extraction of one or more heavy metals from soil by means of super-accumulating plant roots, which are transferred to the ground and stored, and the heavy metals in the soil are removed by harvesting. Plant volatilization refers to a method for removing pollution by utilizing special substances or microorganisms secreted by plant root systems to convert Se, hg, as and the like in soil into volatile forms. Plant stabilization refers to the process of fixing heavy metals in soil by utilizing plant root systems, and the heavy metals are absorbed and accumulated by the root systems or adsorbed on the root system surfaces, and can be fixed in rhizosphere through root secretions. Harmful elements in soil are gradually extracted by planting super-enriched plants or resistant plants with strong resistance to heavy metals, certain absorption and enrichment capacity and large biomass, so that the purposes of stabilizing waste residues and controlling heavy metal migration are achieved. Therefore, it is very critical to find a suitable super-accumulating plant.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an application of firethorns in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the firethorns have the capability of enriching, extracting and transporting zinc, lead and cadmium, and can be used as a repairing agent for repairing the contaminated lead, zinc or cadmium, or the contaminated lead and zinc, or the contaminated lead and cadmium, or the contaminated cadmium and zinc, or the contaminated lead, zinc and cadmium contaminated soil.
The invention provides an application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
The invention also provides application of the pyracantha fortuneana serving as a heavy metal contaminated soil restoration functional plant, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
Preferably, the pyracantha fortuneana is a pyracantha fortuneana plant which grows well and has no lesions and dry leaves.
Preferably, the substrate for growth of firethorns is tailings sand containing cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, nickel and tin.
Preferably, the pyracantha fortuneana is in a plant extraction mode or a plant absorption mode for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil.
Preferably, the transport coefficients of the pyracantha fortuneana to zinc, lead and cadmium are all greater than 1.0; the biological enrichment coefficient of zinc, lead and cadmium is more than 0.1.
The invention also provides a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
a) Uniformly stirring pyracantha fortuneana seeds, and broadcasting the pyracantha fortuneana seeds in heavy metal contaminated soil; or cutting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings into heavy metal contaminated soil;
the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium;
b) After planting for 1-2 years, the overground parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plants are harvested by stubble remaining, or the whole pyracantha fortuneana plants are recovered.
The invention provides an application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium. According to the invention, natural and wild pyracantha fortuneana plant samples are collected from a heavy metal tailing pond, and the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals such as copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, tin and mercury are analyzed; the result shows that the pyracantha fortuneana has the capability of enriching, extracting and transporting zinc, lead and cadmium, and can be used as a repair function plant for repairing lead, zinc or cadmium pollution, or lead and zinc combined pollution, or cadmium and zinc combined pollution, or lead, zinc and cadmium combined pollution soil. The invention discloses a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps: a) Uniformly stirring pyracantha fortuneana seeds, and broadcasting the pyracantha fortuneana seeds in heavy metal contaminated soil; or cutting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings into heavy metal contaminated soil; the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium; b) After planting for 1-2 years, the overground parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plants are harvested by stubble remaining, or the whole pyracantha fortuneana plants are recovered. The content of zinc, lead and cadmium in the polluted soil is reduced by using pyracantha fortuneana.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Pyracantha fortuneana (Pyracantha fortuneana (maxim.) h.l.li) is a evergreen shrub of pyracantha genus of rosaceae family, and the old branch is dark brown; the blade is in an inverted oval shape, the edge of the blade is provided with blunt saw teeth, the tooth tips are inwards bent, and both sides of the blade are hairless; the petioles are short, and soft hair exists when no hair or tender; the inflorescence is in a shape of a compound umbrella house, and petals are white and nearly circular; the fruit ball is nearly round, the color is orange red or dark red, and the branches are pointed, so the fruit ball is named as pyracantha fortuneana. The firethorns are distributed in the south and the vast southwest areas of the yellow river of China. The pyracantha fortuneana is often used as a traditional Chinese medicine, and has not been reported to repair heavy metal soil pollution.
The invention provides an application of pyracantha fortuneana in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
The invention also provides application of the pyracantha fortuneana serving as a heavy metal contaminated soil restoration functional plant, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
Preferably, the pyracantha fortuneana is a pyracantha fortuneana plant which grows well and has no lesions and dry leaves.
In some embodiments of the invention, the firethorn growing substrate comprises at least one of zinc, lead, and cadmium.
In some embodiments of the invention, the substrate for firethorns growth is tailings containing cadmium, chromium, lead, and arsenic, which are significantly more biologically toxic, and zinc, copper, nickel, and tin, which are toxic.
In the invention, the pyracantha fortuneana is used for repairing heavy metal polluted soil in a plant extraction (or plant absorption) mode. Plant extraction is to extract one or more heavy metals from soil by using accumulated plant root system, transfer the heavy metals to the overground part, and remove the heavy metals in the soil by harvesting. In the invention, the mode of repairing the soil polluted by the heavy metal by the pyracantha fortuneana is different from the plant volatilization mode and the plant stabilization (plant blocking) mode. The plant blocking means that heavy metals are absorbed and accumulated or adsorbed on the root system surface by utilizing plant root systems, or are fixed in rhizosphere soil through root secretion, so that the mobility and toxicity of the heavy metals are reduced.
The invention also provides a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
a) Uniformly stirring pyracantha fortuneana seeds, and broadcasting the pyracantha fortuneana seeds in heavy metal contaminated soil; or cutting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings into heavy metal contaminated soil;
the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium;
b) After planting for 1-2 years, the overground parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plants are harvested by stubble remaining, or the whole pyracantha fortuneana plants are recovered.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cutting employs a growth time of 1-2 years for pyracantha fortuneana seedlings.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step B), the stubble harvesting of the aerial parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plants, or the recovery of the whole pyracantha fortuneana plants, further comprises:
sowing pyracantha fortuneana seeds or cutting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings.
The research of the invention shows that the transport coefficients of the pyracantha fortuneana to zinc, lead and cadmium are respectively 1.83, 2.90 and 1.56, and are all more than 1.0; the biological enrichment coefficients of zinc, lead and cadmium are also larger (more than 0.1) and are respectively 0.143,0.204 and 0.508. This indicates that pyracantha fortuneana has the ability to enrich, extract, transport zinc, lead and cadmium. Therefore, the pyracantha fortuneana can be used as soil restoration functional plants to restore the lead, zinc or cadmium pollution, or lead and zinc combined pollution, or lead and cadmium combined pollution, or cadmium and zinc combined pollution soil.
According to the invention, the content of 7 heavy metals of copper, cadmium, chromium, zinc, lead, tin and arsenic in the pyracantha fortuneana plant body is measured by an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and the enrichment effect and tolerance of the plant to different heavy metals are studied. Research results show that the enrichment effect and the tolerance of the pyracantha fortuneana to different metals are different, and the enrichment effect of different parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plant body is also different.
The pyracantha fortuneana has better transportation and enrichment effects on nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic and tin elements, and the TF coefficient (transportation coefficient) is more than 1.0. The BAF coefficients (enrichment coefficients) for zinc, lead and cadmium are relatively large, respectively 0.143,0.204 and 0.508.
The source of the raw materials used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be generally commercially available.
For further explanation of the present invention, the application of firethorns provided by the present invention in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is described in detail below with reference to examples, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The firethorns in the embodiment of the invention are obtained from the waste tailings reservoir area of Yunnan province, and the geographic positions are the east longitude 103.148709, the north latitude 23.312294 and the elevation 1911.0m. The substrate grown is tailings sand which contains cadmium, chromium, lead, zinc, copper, nickel, tin and arsenic with remarkable biological toxicity. The plant has no toxic phenomenon, good growth vigor and large biomass, and is distributed on the surface of the tailing pond in pieces. The overground part and the underground part of the pyracantha fortuneana and the grown matrix are respectively collected, and the enrichment effect and the tolerance of the pyracantha fortuneana to cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, nickel and tin are analyzed. The selected plants have certain biomass, good growth vigor, no property of being poisoned by heavy metals, and the pyracantha fortuneana meets the requirements.
Example 1
The application research of the pyracantha fortuneana to repair heavy metals comprises the following steps:
1) Collection of plant samples and soil samples: selecting 5 plants (growing for 2 years) which grow well and have no lesions and dry leaves in a firethorn growth distribution area, completely removing residues at the root, completely collecting the whole plant, and sealing a plurality of collected samples with a plastic sample bag for later use; and (3) removing 5cm thick covering soil on the root surface of the plant while collecting a plant sample, taking soil with a section of 5-30 cm, uniformly mixing the soil collected at multiple points, and sealing for later use.
The growth matrix of the pyracantha fortuneana is a tailing pond, and contains cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic with obvious biological toxicity and zinc, copper, nickel and tin with toxicity.
2) Pretreatment of plant samples: the collected plant samples are washed clean with tap water, then washed clean with deionized water, the underground part and the overground part are separated, treated for 30min at 100 ℃, then dried to constant weight at 50 ℃, and the dried samples are crushed by a mortar and sealed for standby.
3) Pretreatment of slag samples: the slag sample is collected, large gravels and plant residues possibly existing are firstly removed, then the slag sample is dried in the shade to constant weight under the room temperature condition, and then the dried slag sample is crushed by a ball mill and all the slag sample passes through a 2mm screen, and the slag sample is sealed for standby.
4) Digestion and determination of plant samples: accurately weighing 0.5g (accurate to +/-0.0001 g) of each of the aerial part and the underground part, carrying out microwave digestion according to the program of multi-element determination in national food safety standard of GB 5009.268-2016, and determining the content of copper, cadmium, chromium, zinc, lead, tin and arsenic by utilizing an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer.
5) Digestion and determination of soil samples: accurately weighing 1g (accurate to +/-0.0001 g) of the treated soil sample, placing into a polytetrafluoroethylene crucible, adding 5mL of aqua regia, capping, and digesting on an electric hot plate at 120 ℃; repeatedly adding aqua regia until the liquid property is not changed any more according to digestion conditions, uncovering and properly cooling; then repeatedly adding 1mL hydrofluoric acid (high-grade pure), and repeatedly shaking the cup body to achieve the purpose of silicon flying; finally, 1mL of perchloric acid (superior purity) is added for further digestion until the solution is clear and colorless, and the temperature is raised to 165 ℃ to expel acid until the solution is nearly dry. The digested sample was completely transferred to a 50mL volumetric flask with ultrapure water to determine the volume. The digestion solution was measured for copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, tin content using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, and the data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Metal content at different sites of firethorn (mgkg) -1 ) And enrichment factor BAF, transport factor TF, concentration factor BCF
The enrichment factor BAF of a plant is defined as: the ratio of the content of a certain heavy metal in the aerial parts of the plant body to the content of the heavy metal in the growing substrate. The coefficient can reflect the accumulation capacity of the plant on heavy metals, and the larger the enrichment coefficient is, the stronger the enrichment capacity is. In particular, the larger the enrichment coefficient of the overground parts of plants is, the more favorable the extraction and repair of the plants is, because the overground biomass is easier to harvest. The enrichment coefficient of the overground parts of the plants is larger than 1, which means that the content of certain heavy metals in the overground parts of the plants is larger than the concentration of the heavy metals in the growing matrix, and the overground parts of the plants are an important characteristic of the super-enriched plants, which is different from common plants and has the accumulation of the heavy metals.
The ratio of the content of certain heavy metals in the aerial parts and the roots of the plants is called a transfer coefficient TF, the distribution condition of the heavy metals of the plants can be reflected, the higher the transfer coefficient is, the more favorable the extraction of the heavy metals from the aerial parts is, and on the contrary, the worse the enrichment effect is.
The ratio of the content of a certain heavy metal in the root of the plant body to the content of a heavy metal in the growth matrix is called a concentration coefficient BCF, when the concentration coefficient BAF and the transport coefficient TF are lower, the concentration coefficient is higher, which shows that the plant body has better tolerance to the heavy metal, and the heavy metal in the growth matrix is mainly concentrated in the root of the plant body and is the standard of the tolerance of the plant body.
As can be seen from Table 1, the pyracantha fortuneana has good transport and enrichment effects on nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic and tin elements, and TF coefficients are all more than 1.0. The BAF coefficients of zinc, lead and cadmium are relatively large (greater than 0.1), and 0.143,0.204,0.508 respectively. Therefore, the pyracantha fortuneana has the capability of enriching, extracting and transporting zinc, lead and cadmium in soil.
In contrast, firethorns have a TF of 0.64 for copper, a TF of greater than 1.0 for chromium and tin, but a corresponding BAF of less than 0.01. Therefore, the pyracantha fortuneana has poor repairing effect on copper, chromium and tin.
According to the analysis of the enrichment results of the pyracantha fortuneana on different heavy metals, we can find that the pyracantha fortuneana has certain accumulation effect on zinc, lead and cadmium at the same time, has application potential on the soil restoration of the lead pollution, the zinc pollution or the cadmium pollution, or the lead and zinc combined pollution, or the lead and cadmium combined pollution, or the cadmium and zinc combined pollution, and can be used as a soil restoration functional plant of the heavy metal polluted soil.
According to the invention, after pyracantha fortuneana is planted for a certain period of time, the whole plant is recovered, pyracantha fortuneana seeds are sowed or pyracantha fortuneana seedlings are cut, and the heavy metal content in the polluted soil is reduced by utilizing pyracantha fortuneana.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The application of pyracantha fortuneana in the remediation of soil polluted by heavy metal is that the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
2. The application of pyracantha fortuneana as a heavy metal contaminated soil restoration functional plant, wherein the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pyracantha fortuneana is a well-grown plant of pyracantha fortuneana without lesions and dry leaves.
4. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the substrate for firethorns is tailings containing cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, nickel and tin.
5. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pyracantha fortuneana repair of heavy metal contaminated soil is in a plant extraction mode or a plant absorption mode.
6. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport coefficient of firethorns for zinc, lead and cadmium is greater than 1.0; the biological enrichment coefficient of zinc, lead and cadmium is more than 0.1.
7. The remediation method of the heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps of:
a) Uniformly stirring pyracantha fortuneana seeds, and broadcasting the pyracantha fortuneana seeds in heavy metal contaminated soil; or cutting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings into heavy metal contaminated soil;
the heavy metal is at least one of zinc, lead and cadmium;
b) After planting for 1-2 years, the overground parts of the pyracantha fortuneana plants are harvested by stubble remaining, or the whole pyracantha fortuneana plants are recovered.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103586268A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of lantana camara to remediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil |
| CN104529668A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-22 | 吉首大学 | Metal mine soil conditioner, and mine ecological remediation method using metal mine soil conditioner. |
| CN109226218A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中山大学 | The application of gymnema sylvestre in the repair of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN111418429A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-17 | 那志和 | Pyracantha fortuneana planting method for rocky desertification area |
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2023
- 2023-12-19 CN CN202311750375.5A patent/CN117548475A/en active Pending
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| CN103586268A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of lantana camara to remediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil |
| CN104529668A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-22 | 吉首大学 | Metal mine soil conditioner, and mine ecological remediation method using metal mine soil conditioner. |
| CN109226218A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中山大学 | The application of gymnema sylvestre in the repair of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN111418429A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-17 | 那志和 | Pyracantha fortuneana planting method for rocky desertification area |
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