CN117547573A - Citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117547573A
CN117547573A CN202410048758.6A CN202410048758A CN117547573A CN 117547573 A CN117547573 A CN 117547573A CN 202410048758 A CN202410048758 A CN 202410048758A CN 117547573 A CN117547573 A CN 117547573A
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powder
lemon
pulp
mass
peel
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CN117547573B (en
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周金林
李慧灵
谭景航
彭家伟
林丽薇
郑裕
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Golden Health Biotechnology Co ltd
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Golden Health Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

A citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of foods and health products, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder after enzymolysis; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film. The citrus fruit powder adopts the enzymolysis lemon fruit powder, the enzymolysis orange fruit powder and the enzymolysis grapefruit peel powder as main basic components, so that the upper respiratory tract infection can be improved and treated, and the respiratory tract function can be improved; wherein, the salted rhizoma anemones Altaicae extract has good effects of relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, relieving pain and diminishing inflammation, and can also improve the surface taste of lemon pulp powder; the pomelo peel contains abundant anti-inflammatory and cough relieving components, has excellent anti-inflammatory and cough relieving effects, and the pomelo peel powder coated by the sugar film can greatly reduce bitter taste; the citrus fruit powder has good overall taste and can greatly improve the taking compliance.

Description

Citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foods and health-care products, and particularly relates to citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract functions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The citrus fruit powder is a powdery health food prepared from citrus fruits such as lemon, orange, grapefruit and the like through the procedures of squeezing, sun drying, grinding and the like, and also has medicinal value. The citrus fruit powder contains pectin, cellulose and vitamins, can promote intestinal peristalsis, improve the digestive system, regulate and accelerate metabolism, and has the effect of losing weight; the citrus fruit powder also contains flavonoids and antioxidants, and has the effects of reducing blood lipid, preventing arteriosclerosis and protecting vascular health; the citrus fruit powder also has the effects of scavenging free radicals, resisting oxidation, enhancing immunity, relieving pressure, etc. Therefore, citrus fruit powder is a commonly added substance for health foods and medicines.
However, at present, no good effective application of the citrus fruit powder in preventing respiratory tract disease infection and improving respiratory tract function is seen; in addition, citrus fruit powder generally has poor taste, especially lemon powder, is very sour and astringent, and peel powder is bitter, so that bare powder is difficult to directly eat, and the taking compliance is very poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the prior orange powder is not well and effectively applied in the aspects of preventing respiratory tract disease infection and improving respiratory tract function and the prior orange powder has poor taste and poor compliance of naked powder administration, the invention provides the orange powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and the preparation method thereof, which adopt lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and grapefruit peel powder as main basic components, can improve and treat upper respiratory tract infection and improve respiratory tract function; wherein, the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film; the salted gladiolus extract has good effects of relieving cough, resolving phlegm, relieving pain and diminishing inflammation, and can also improve the surface taste of lemon pulp powder; the pomelo peel contains abundant anti-inflammatory and cough relieving components, has excellent anti-inflammatory and cough relieving effects, and the pomelo peel powder coated by the sugar film can greatly reduce bitter taste; the citrus fruit powder has good overall taste and can greatly improve the taking compliance. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the citrus fruit powder beneficial to the respiratory tract function comprises, by mass, lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and shaddock peel powder, wherein the lemon fruit flesh powder is orange fruit flesh powder and shaddock peel powder= (1-3): (5-10): (3-6); the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain pulp powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into blocks, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae blocks according to the mass ratio of the rhizoma anemones Altaicae blocks to the purified water of (0.5-1), grinding into slurry, adding 2-3 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5-8 times of the filter residues, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt, galactose manna=100 (2-5), 1-3, 5-10, preparing a spray, uniformly mixing, heating the spray to 40-45 ℃, keeping for 30-60 min, and cooling to 25-30 ℃; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
s2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain pulp powder II; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain orange pulp powder;
s3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved material to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: according to the mass ratio, the purified water comprises sugar and beta-cyclodextrin=100 (5-15) (0.3-0.5), spraying agent is prepared, after uniform mixing and dissolution, the bare powder of the shaddock peel is sprayed, and the surface of single particle of the bare powder of the shaddock peel is coated with a layer of sugar film to obtain the powder of the shaddock peel;
s4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder according to a mass ratio, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
In the S1.1 of the preparation method, the addition amount of the bromelain is 1-3% of the mass of the pulp powder I; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
In the preparation method S1.2, the soaking time is 1-2 hours; the addition amount of the bromelain is 0.3-0.8% of the mass of the filter residue; the enzymolysis time is 1 to 1.5 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
In S1.3 of the above preparation method, the parameters of the fluidization spray are: the spray is heated to 25-30 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.5-0.7L/min; the atomization pressure is 0.6 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the outlet temperature is 35-40 ℃.
In the S2 of the preparation method, the addition amount of the bromelain is 1-3% of the mass of the pulp powder II; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
In the S3.1 of the preparation method, the addition amount of the bromelain is 1-3% of the mass of the peel powder III; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
In the preparation method S3.2, the sugar is one or a combination of more than one of sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose and lactose.
In S4 of the above preparation method, the mixing is air flow mixing.
In the preparation method, the number of the sieved screen meshes is 200-300 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function and the preparation method have the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the enzymatic hydrolysis lemon fruit powder, the enzymatic hydrolysis orange fruit powder and the enzymatic hydrolysis grapefruit peel powder are adopted as main basic components, and the enzymatic hydrolysis fruit powder can well improve and treat upper respiratory tract infection and promote respiratory tract functions; the pomelo peel contains abundant anti-inflammatory and cough relieving components, and has good anti-inflammatory and cough relieving effects.
2. The lemon pulp powder has serious sour and astringent taste and poor administration compliance, and the invention coats the salted gladiolus extract with the bare lemon pulp powder, so that the effect of improving and treating the upper respiratory tract infection can be further improved while the taste of the lemon pulp powder is improved. Wherein, the ethanol is adopted to soak the glaucescent fissistigma root pulp, so that the ethanol-soluble components of part of glaucescent fissistigma root can be extracted; the filter residues are subjected to bromelain enzymolysis to obtain active ingredients with smaller molecular weight, so that the effect of the gladiolus roots can be further improved; the separation and extraction of the filter liquor and the filter residue soaked by ethanol can well ensure that the extraction of all components of the gladiolus root are not interfered with each other, and the extraction rate and the curative effect of the active components are improved.
3. The iodine-free edible salt and the galactose mannans are added into the gladiolus extract, wherein the iodine-free edible salt component impregnates the gladiolus extract, so that the taste of the gladiolus extract can be improved, the sour and astringent taste of lemon fruit powder can be further coated and improved, the galactose mannans are used as binders, a good coating and bonding effect can be achieved, spray coating can be well realized by setting spray parameters, and the compactness is good; and the gladiolus extract is not easy to dissolve in water, and can keep good wrapping effect when being taken with water, so as to prevent the acne and the taste bud of the lemon pulp.
4. The design is to the naked powder cladding sugar of shaddock peel, can improve the bitter taste of the naked powder of shaddock peel, and beta-cyclodextrin can delay the dissolution rate of sugar, also can keep good parcel effect when taking with water, prevents shaddock peel acne and irritates the taste bud.
5. The extract of rhizoma anemones Altaicae contains palmitic acid, succinic acid, 5-hydroxy levulinic acid, hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, beta-sitosterol, anemonin, cedrol, beta-eucalyptol, elemene, small molecule plant peptide, etc., and has good effects of relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, and relieving pain and inflammation. Can assist the citrus fruit powder to improve the curative effect.
To sum up. The citrus fruit powder adopts the lemon fruit powder, the orange fruit powder and the grapefruit peel powder as main basic components, so that the upper respiratory tract infection can be improved and treated, and the respiratory tract function can be improved; wherein, the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film; the salted gladiolus extract has good effects of relieving cough, resolving phlegm, relieving pain and diminishing inflammation, and can also improve the surface taste of lemon pulp powder; the pomelo peel contains abundant anti-inflammatory and cough relieving components, has excellent anti-inflammatory and cough relieving effects, and the pomelo peel powder coated by the sugar film can greatly reduce bitter taste; the citrus fruit powder has good overall taste and can greatly improve the taking compliance.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples, but the invention is not limited to these examples.
Embodiment 1, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=2:8:5; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 250 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:0.8, grinding into slurry, adding 2.5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 1.5h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5-8 times of the filter residues, heating to 52 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.5% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1.5 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 12min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:3:2:8 are prepared into a spray, after being uniformly mixed, the spray is heated to 42 ℃, kept for 45min, and cooled to 28 ℃; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray temperature is 28 ℃ and the spray speed is 0.6L/min; the atomization pressure was 0.7MPa and the outlet temperature was 38 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with a 250 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: according to the mass ratio, the purified water comprises sucrose and beta-cyclodextrin=100:10:0.4, a spray is prepared, after uniform mixing and dissolution, the bare powder of the shaddock peel is sprayed, and the bare powder of the shaddock peel is dried, and a layer of sugar film is coated on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Embodiment 2, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=1:5:3; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 200 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding 9 times of purified water with the mass of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 52 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 2% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 12 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:0.5, grinding into slurry, adding 2 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 1h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5 times of the filter residues, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.3% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, heating to above 100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:2:1:5 are prepared into a spray, the spray is heated to 40 ℃ after being uniformly mixed, and the temperature is reduced to 25 ℃ after being kept for 30 min; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray is heated to 25 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.5L/min; the atomization pressure was 0.6MPa and the outlet temperature was 35 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding 9 times of purified water of the mass of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 52 ℃, adding bromelain accounting for 2% of the mass of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 12 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding 9 times of purified water with the mass of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 52 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 2% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 12 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: and (3) preparing spraying agents according to the mass ratio of purified water to glucose to beta-cyclodextrin=100:5:0.3, uniformly mixing and dissolving, spraying the bare powder of the shaddock peel, drying, and coating a sugar film on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Embodiment 3, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=3:10:6; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 300 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:1, grinding into slurry, adding 3 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 2h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residue; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the filter residues, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.8% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:5:3:10 are prepared into a spray, the spray is heated to 45 ℃ after being uniformly mixed, and the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ after being kept for 60 min; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray is heated to 30 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.7L/min; the atomization pressure is 0.8MPa, and the outlet temperature is 40 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with 300 mesh sieve, and collecting undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: according to the mass ratio, the purified water comprises fructose and beta-cyclodextrin=100:15:0.5, a spray is prepared, after uniform mixing and dissolution, the bare powder of the shaddock peel is sprayed, and the bare powder of the shaddock peel is dried, and a layer of sugar film is coated on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Embodiment 4, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=1:10:3; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 300 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 5 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:0.5, grinding into slurry, adding 3 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 1h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the filter residues, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.8% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, heating to above 100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:2:3:5 are prepared into a spray, the spray is heated to 45 ℃ after being uniformly mixed, and the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ after being kept for 30 min; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray is heated to 30 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.5L/min; the atomization pressure was 0.8MPa and the outlet temperature was 35 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with 300 mesh sieve, and collecting undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: and (3) preparing spraying agent according to the mass ratio of the purified water to the maltose to the beta-cyclodextrin=100:5:0.5, uniformly mixing and dissolving, spraying the bare powder of the shaddock peel, drying, and coating a sugar film on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Embodiment 5, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=3:5:6; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 200 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:1, grinding into slurry, adding 2 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 2h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residue; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5 times of the filter residues, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.3% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:5:1:10 are prepared into a spray, the spray is heated to 40 ℃ after being uniformly mixed, and the temperature is reduced to 25 ℃ after being kept for 60 min; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray is heated to 25 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.7L/min; the atomization pressure was 0.6MPa and the outlet temperature was 40 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1% of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 3% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: and (3) preparing spraying agent according to the mass ratio of purified water to lactose to beta-cyclodextrin=100:15:0.3, uniformly mixing and dissolving, spraying the bare powder of the shaddock peel, drying, and coating a sugar film on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Embodiment 6, a citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function, wherein the citrus fruit powder comprises lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and grapefruit peel powder in a mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the grapefruit peel powder=3:8:4; the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
The preparation method of the citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying fruit residues, grinding into powder, sieving with 250 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1.5% of the pulp powder I for enzymolysis for 1.5 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into pieces, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces according to the mass ratio of rhizoma anemones Altaicae pieces to purified water=1:0.6, grinding into slurry, adding 3 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking for 1h, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5 times of the filter residues, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 0.8% of the filter residues, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, heating to above 100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 15min, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt and galactose manna=100:5:2:8 are prepared into a spray, the spray is heated to 45 ℃ after being uniformly mixed, and the temperature is reduced to 29 ℃ after being kept for 35 min; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
the parameters of the fluidization spray are as follows: the spray is heated to 29 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.6L/min; the atomization pressure was 0.6MPa and the outlet temperature was 38 ℃.
S2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving with a 250 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize to obtain fruit powder II; then adding purified water with the mass of 8 times of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 55 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 2.5% of the pulp powder II for enzymolysis for 2 hours, heating to above 100 ℃ for inactivating enzyme for 15 minutes, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the orange pulp powder.
S3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 10 times of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 50 ℃, adding bromelain with the mass of 1.5% of the peel powder III for enzymolysis for 1.5h, heating to above 100 ℃ for enzyme deactivation for 10min, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating, and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: according to the mass ratio, the purified water, sucrose, glucose and beta-cyclodextrin=100:4:4:0.5 are prepared into a spray, after the spray is uniformly mixed and dissolved, the bare powder of the shaddock peel is sprayed, and the bare powder of the shaddock peel is dried, and a layer of sugar film is coated on the surface of single particles of the bare powder of the shaddock peel to obtain the shaddock peel powder.
S4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder in a mass ratio in an airflow manner, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and taking the undersize to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
Preparation of comparative example 1
The particle surfaces of the lemon fruit powder and the grapefruit peel powder are not coated, and are bare powder, and other parameters are the same as those of example 1.
Preparation of comparative example 2
In S1.3, no iodine-free edible salt is added to the spray, and other parameters are the same as in example 1.
Preparation of comparative example 3
S1.3, the gladiolus extract is not added into the spray, and other parameters are the same as in example 1.
Preparation of comparative example 4
The other parameters were the same as in example 1 without the addition of grapefruit peel powder.
Preparation of comparative example 5
The pulp powder I, pulp powder II and pericarp powder III were not subjected to bromelain enzymolysis, and the other parameters were the same as in example 1.
The citrus fruit powders of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were experimentally examined.
1. Detection of influence of auricle swelling of mice caused by paraxylene
Taking Kunming mice (weight 18 g-22 g), 10 mice (male and female halves) in each group; preparing 0.001g of citrus fruit powder into oral granules, and pouring the oral granules into the stomach for 1 time every day, wherein the blank group is filled with purified water; after 3 days of continuous administration and 2 hours after the last administration, 0.05ml of dimethylbenzene is dripped on the surface of the left ear of the mouse to cause inflammation, after 15 minutes of inflammation, the left ear and the right ear are cut off by two ears, the two ears are overlapped together, a round piece is formed by a puncher with the diameter of 6mm, the weight of the left ear piece and the right ear piece is weighed, and the swelling degree of the ear inflammation of the mouse is expressed by the weight difference value of the left ear piece and the right ear piece. The results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 results of effect on swelling with mouse auricle xylene
From the above results, the citrus fruit powder of examples 1 to 6 has a good anti-inflammatory effect. Wherein, the shaddock peel powder has excellent anti-inflammatory effect, and the gladiolus extractive and the iodine-free edible salt have auxiliary anti-inflammatory effect. The non-enzymatically hydrolyzed fruit powder is slightly less effective.
2. Influence detection for cough induced by strong ammonia water of mice
Taking Kunming mice (weight 18 g-22 g), 10 mice (male and female halves) in each group; preparing 0.001g of citrus fruit powder into oral granules, and pouring the oral granules into the stomach for 1 time every day, wherein the blank group is filled with purified water; after 3 days of continuous administration and 1 hour of last administration, the mice were placed in inverted 500mL beakers, 10mL of 20% ammonia cotton balls were inhaled into the beakers, and the number of coughs in 3min of the mice was observed and recorded. The results are shown in Table 2 below:
TABLE 2 effect on the results of strong ammonia cough on mice
From the above results, the citrus fruit powder of examples 1 to 6 has excellent sore throat relieving and cough relieving effects. Wherein, the shaddock peel powder has excellent cough relieving effect, and the gladiolus extractive has good auxiliary cough relieving effect. The non-enzymatically hydrolyzed fruit powder is slightly less effective.
3. Human body trial:
selecting 90 subjects suffering from upper respiratory tract infection, and taking 3g of citrus fruit powder daily in 9 groups, wherein 10 subjects are 1 group (each of men and women), and 9 groups respectively correspond to the citrus fruit powder of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 5; the evaluation results are shown in the following table 3:
table 3 trial evaluation results
From the above results, the citrus fruit powder of examples 1 to 6 has excellent effect of improving and treating upper respiratory tract infection. The coated lemon fruit powder and the coated grapefruit peel powder have good taste, and can greatly improve the medication compliance; wherein, the shaddock peel powder has excellent effect of improving and treating upper respiratory tract infection, and the salted gladiolus extract has a certain effect of improving the sour and astringent taste and has auxiliary effect of improving and treating upper respiratory tract infection.

Claims (10)

1. The citrus fruit powder beneficial to the respiratory tract function is characterized by comprising, by mass, lemon fruit flesh powder, orange fruit flesh powder and shaddock peel powder, wherein the mass ratio of the lemon fruit flesh powder to the orange fruit flesh powder to the shaddock peel powder is (1-3) = (5-10): (3-6); the surface of the lemon fruit flesh powder is coated with a salted gladiolus extract, and the surface of the shaddock peel powder is coated with a sugar film.
2. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing lemon fruit flesh powder:
s1.1: peeling lemon, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain pulp powder I; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the pulp powder I into the pulp powder I, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the bare lemon pulp powder;
s1.2: cleaning fresh rhizoma anemones Altaicae, pulverizing into blocks, adding purified water into the rhizoma anemones Altaicae blocks according to the mass ratio of the rhizoma anemones Altaicae blocks to the purified water of (0.5-1), grinding into slurry, adding 2-3 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, soaking, filtering, and collecting filtrate and filter residues; concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain powder A; drying filter residues, adding purified water with the mass of 5-8 times of the filter residues, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, filtering by using a 3kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting liquid with the mass of below 3kDa, concentrating, and drying to obtain powder B; mixing powder A and powder B to obtain rhizoma Acori Graminei extract;
s1.3: according to the mass ratio, purified water, glaucescent fissistigma root extract, iodine-free edible salt, galactose manna=100 (2-5), 1-3, 5-10, preparing a spray, uniformly mixing, heating the spray to 40-45 ℃, keeping for 30-60 min, and cooling to 25-30 ℃; then, the naked lemon flesh powder and the spray are subjected to fluidization spraying, and a layer of salted gladiolus extractive is coated on the surface of single particles of the naked lemon flesh powder to obtain lemon flesh powder;
s2, preparing orange pulp powder:
peeling orange, squeezing pulp, drying pomace, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain pulp powder II; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the pulp powder II into the pulp powder II, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain orange pulp powder;
s3, preparing shaddock peel powder:
s3.1: peeling the pomelo, taking the pomelo peel, drying, grinding into powder, sieving, and taking the sieved material to obtain peel powder III; adding purified water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of the peel powder III into the peel powder III, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding bromelain for enzymolysis, inactivating enzyme, cooling to below 30 ℃, concentrating and drying to obtain the bare grapefruit peel powder;
s3.2: according to the mass ratio, the purified water comprises sugar and beta-cyclodextrin=100 (5-15) (0.3-0.5), spraying agent is prepared, after uniform mixing and dissolution, the bare powder of the shaddock peel is sprayed, and the surface of single particle of the bare powder of the shaddock peel is coated with a layer of sugar film to obtain the powder of the shaddock peel;
s4, compounding and compounding:
mixing lemon fruit powder, orange fruit powder and shaddock peel powder according to a mass ratio, sieving, and taking the sieved substance to obtain the citrus fruit powder.
3. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S1.1, the addition amount of bromelain is 1% -3% of the mass of pulp powder I; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
4. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S1.2, the soaking time is 1-2 h; the addition amount of the bromelain is 0.3-0.8% of the mass of the filter residue; the enzymolysis time is 1 to 1.5 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
5. A method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S1.3, the parameters of the fluidization spray are: the spray is heated to 25-30 ℃ and the spraying speed is 0.5-0.7L/min; the atomization pressure is 0.6 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the outlet temperature is 35-40 ℃.
6. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S2, the addition amount of bromelain is 1% -3% of the mass of pulp powder II; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
7. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S3.1, the addition amount of bromelain is 1% -3% of the mass of peel powder III; the enzymolysis time is 1.5-2 hours; the enzyme deactivation is to raise the temperature to above 100 ℃ and keep for 10 min-15 min.
8. The method for preparing citrus fruit powder beneficial to respiratory tract function according to claim 2, wherein in S3.2, the sugar is one or more of sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose and lactose.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein in S4, the mixing is air flow mixing.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein the mesh size of the sifting screen is 200-300 mesh.
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