CN117545648A - 用于车辆的驱动系和车辆 - Google Patents

用于车辆的驱动系和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117545648A
CN117545648A CN202280044146.9A CN202280044146A CN117545648A CN 117545648 A CN117545648 A CN 117545648A CN 202280044146 A CN202280044146 A CN 202280044146A CN 117545648 A CN117545648 A CN 117545648A
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axis
electric machine
respect
drive train
train according
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Inventor
法比安·库特尔
马蒂亚斯·霍恩
斯特凡·贝克
约翰尼斯·卡尔滕巴赫
托马斯·梅尔廷
米夏埃尔·韦克斯
乌韦·格里斯迈尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of CN117545648A publication Critical patent/CN117545648A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出了一种用于车辆的驱动系，该驱动系具有相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置的内燃机(VM)。此外还设置有至少一个第一电机(EM1)和第二电机(EM2)以及能与从动端(Ab)连接的多级传动装置组件(G)，其中，第一电机(EM1)在其尺寸方面比第二电机(EM2)更大地定规格，其中，第二电机(EM2)至少能与内燃机(VM)连接，而第一电机(EM1)至少能与传动装置组件(G)连接，并且其中，第一电机(EM1)和第二电机(EM2)关于其转子轴线彼此以轴线错开的方式布置。此外，还要求保护一种具有该驱动系的车辆。

Description

用于车辆的驱动系和车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及根据在专利权利要求1的前序部分中详细限定的类型的用于车辆的驱动系。本发明还涉及具有该驱动系的车辆。
背景技术
由车辆技术已知用于车辆的具有内燃机和两个电机的驱动系，它们配属于同一轴线。此外，还设置有多级传动装置组件，该多级传动装置组件与从动端连接。电机在轴向上看前后相继地布置在内燃机和扭转减震器之后。在电机之间存在叠加齿轮组。其中一个电机具有明显较小的尺寸或明显较小的外径且被用作用于内燃机的启动器发电机，而另一电机具有明显较大的尺寸且被用作行驶驱动装置。
事实证明，作为行驶驱动装置的电机具有更大的结构空间需求，这是因为它们在其外径和其轴向长度方面都需要相当大的尺寸。因此，用作行驶驱动装置的电机应尽可能靠近内燃机布置，这是因为在那里能提供最大的结构空间。电机的同轴布置方式在结构空间需求方面受到显著限制。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提出一种开头所述类型的驱动系以及一种车辆，在这种驱动系和车辆中，电机在结构空间上尽可能有利地布置。
根据本发明，该任务通过权利要求1或17的特征来解决。本发明的优点和要求保护的改进方案由从属权利要求和说明以及附图得出。
因此，提出了一种用于车辆的驱动系，该驱动系具有内燃机，内燃机相对第一轴线同轴布置。此外，驱动系包括至少一个第一电机和第二电机，其中，第一电机在其尺寸方面较大地定规格并因此适合作为行驶驱动装置，而第二电机较小地定规格并因此适合作为用于内燃机的启动器发电机。此外，还设置有多级传动装置组件，其能与从动端连接。此外，在驱动系中还设置的是，第二电机至少能与内燃机连接，而第一电机至少能与传动装置组件连接。为了在所提出的驱动系中以结构空间上尽可能有利的方式布置被不同地定规格的电机而设置的是，第一电机和第二电机关于其转子轴线彼此以轴线错开的方式布置。
因此，在所提出的驱动系中，规格定得较小的第二电机与规格定得较大的第一电机相比被尽可能靠近内燃机地布置。通过轴线错开的布置的两个电机可以最佳地充分利用可供使用的结构空间。
如果在电机的轴线错开布置的范围内第二电机相对第一轴线同轴布置且第一电机相对第二轴线同轴布置(其中，第一轴线和第二轴线以轴线错开的方式布置)，则这例如在具有马达前置纵向装入姿态的车辆中导致的是，例如在车辆管隧(Fahrzeugtunnel)中为第一电机径向上提供了更多的结构空间。在此，轴线错开可以被选择成使电机的外径可以被尽可能大地选择并且同时在车辆中保留有足够的车底间隙。
在将电机以轴线错开的方式布置中的替选的实施方案可以设置的是，第二电机相对第四轴线同轴布置，其中，第四轴线相对例如与内燃机的曲轴轴线相应的第一轴线并且相对例如与第一电机的转子轴线相应的第二轴线以轴线错开的方式布置。通过这种将第二电机的转子轴线相对内燃机的和第一电机的旋转轴线以轴线平行的方式进行布置，使得由于第二电机的径向上设置在外部的布置定位实现了对所设置的结构空间的替选的充分利用，从而为第一电机提供了附加的结构空间。
在这种替选的轴线平行的布置方式中还设置的是，第二电机的转子能经由环绕传动机构、经由多个处于嵌接的齿轮或类似装置与内燃机连接，以用于接驳第二电机。
为了将第二电机接驳到被实施为能切换的传动装置的传动装置组件上，在所提出的驱动系中，第二电机可以经由相对第一轴线同轴布置的轴与传动装置组件的相对第二轴线同轴布置的第一传动装置输入轴能在不发生转动方向颠倒的情况下连接。这种接驳方式与第二电机利用其转子轴线是否相对第一轴线同轴布置还是相对第四轴线同轴布置无关。例如，可以通过带动齿部或类似装置实现这种在不发生转动方向颠倒的情况下的连接。为此，相对第一轴线同轴地布置的轴上的齿部可以牢固地与第一传动装置输入轴上的齿部处于嵌接。具体来说，这些齿部例如可以通过相对第一轴线同轴布置的轴的小齿轮上的外齿部并通过第一传动装置输入轴的齿圈或类似部件的内齿部来实现，它们彼此处于嵌接。也能想到其他连接方式，这些连接方式在设计结构上简单实现且不发生转动方向颠倒。
在传动装置组件方面可以使用各种类型的传动装置。例如，可以使用行星传动装置、中间轴传动装置或它们的组合。在这方面，也可以实现从动端的各种布置。例如，从动端可以相对第一轴线同轴布置，即例如相对内燃机的曲轴轴线同轴布置，或也可以相对第一轴以轴线错开的方式布置。关于行星传动装置或中间轴传动装置的布置，在所提出的驱动系中，可以相对于从动端进行同轴取向或也可以进行轴线错开的取向。
在所提出的驱动系中，规格被定得较大或外径较大第一电机优选被设置为行驶驱动装置，这是因为该第一电机可以施加较高的功率。在所提出的驱动系中，第二电机的规格定得比第一电机小，并且因此优选被用作启动器发电机，即被用于内燃机启动和/或被用作发电机。然而也有可能的是，在某些行驶情况下，第二电机在行驶运行中被用于功率提高。
为了在所提出的驱动系中实现纯电的行驶驱动(其中，至少可以使用第一电机，但也可以使用第二电机)而设置的是，内燃机能经由切换元件，例如离合器与驱动系脱联。
所提出的驱动系可以有选择地具有位于从动端下游的全轮分配传动装置，以便实现车辆中的全轮驱动。
本发明的另外的方面要求保护一种具有沿车辆纵向方向取向的上述驱动系的车辆，从而得出上述和另外的优点。因此，在所提出的车辆中实现了内燃机前置纵向装入姿态。
附图说明
下面结合附图进一步解释本发明。其中：
图1示出根据本发明的驱动系的第一实施变体的示意图，该驱动系具有轴线错开的电机和同轴布置的驱动端和从动端；
图2示出根据本发明的驱动系的第二实施变体的示意图，该驱动系具有轴线错开的电机和彼此轴线错开布置的驱动端和从动端；
图3示出根据本发明的驱动系的第三实施变体的示意图，该驱动系具有相对于图2的替选的轴线错开的电机布置方式；
图4示出根据本发明的驱动系的第四实施变体的示意图，该驱动系具有行星传动装置作为传动装置组件，其布置方式相对驱动端轴线错开；以及
图5示出根据本发明的驱动系的第五实施变体的示意图，该驱动系具有行星传动装置作为传动装置组件，其布置方式相对驱动端和从动端同轴。
具体实施方式
在图1至图5中仅示例性地示出了在车辆中的根据本发明的驱动系的各种实施变体。这些各种实施变体的区别在于在各个传动装置构件中的各个布置变体。可以将一个实施变体中的布置变体转移到其他实施变体中，从而不同的实施变体就能彼此组合。
关于所描述的传动装置构件之间的连接，使用了能连接这一表述，该表述同时要求保护能松开的连接和固定连接。此外，利用所选表述还要求保护直接的或者经由另外构件间接地设置的连接。
无论采用哪种实施变体，在所提出的驱动系中都设置的是，内燃机VM相对第一轴线A1同轴布置，在这些附图中，第一轴线与内燃机VM的曲轴轴线相应。此外，还设置有第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2，其中，第一电机EM1在其尺寸方面规格定得大于第二电机EM2。这意味着，第一电机EM1具有比第二电机EM2更大的输出功率，并且相应地具有比第二电机EM2更大的外径。因此，第一电机EM1优选用于或仅用于行驶驱动，而第二电机EM2优选用于或仅用于内燃机VM的启动和用作发电机。因此，第二电机EM2至少能与内燃机VM连接，而第一电机EM1至少能与传动装置组件G连接。例如可以将能切换的多级传动装置设置为传动装置组件G，其能与从动端Ab连接。
为了实现电机EM1和EM2的在结构空间上尽可能有利的布置而设置的是，第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2关于它们的转子轴线彼此以轴线错开的方式布置。两个电机EM1和EM2的轴线错开或轴线平行的布置方式导致在车辆管隧内在径向上有更多的结构空间可供规格被定得较大的第一电机EM1使用。
除了根据图3的第三实施变体外，在所有实施变体中，第二电机EM2都相对第一轴线A1同轴布置，而第一电机EM1相对第二轴线A2同轴布置，其中，第一轴线A1和第二轴线A2轴线错开。
相比之下，在根据图3的第三实施变体中，第二电机EM2相对第四轴线A4同轴布置，其中，第四轴线A4相对第一轴线A1和第二轴线A2轴线错开布置。为了在第三实施变体中在第二电机EM2的转子与相对第一轴线A1同轴布置的轴W之间提供驱动连接，在图3中示出了例如作为链传动机构的环绕传动机构。以该方式，使得第二电机EM2的转子能经由轴W和必要时设置的离合器K0与内燃机VM连接。
在所有实施变体中设置的是，第二电机EM2能经由相对第一轴线A1同轴布置的轴W在不发生转动方向颠倒的情况下与传动装置组件G的相对第二轴线A2同轴布置的第一传动装置输入轴W1连接。为此，在图1至图5中设置的是，两个电机EM1、EM2之间的轴线错开经由传动比单元实现，该传动比单元不导致第一轴线A1与第二轴线A2之间的转速方向颠倒或转动方向颠倒。如图中所示，为此示例性地设置了在相对第一轴线A1同轴布置的轴W的小齿轮上的外齿部与第一传动装置输入轴W1上的齿圈上的内齿部之间的连接。
为了将第一电机EM1与传动装置组件连接起来，示例性地在这些实施变体中设置的是，第一电机EM1的转子能与传动装置组件G的相对第二轴线A2同轴布置的第二传动装置输入轴W2连接。
如图1至图3中的示例性所示，传动装置组件G可以具有至少一个相对第三轴线A3同轴布置的中间轴VW，其中，第三轴线A3相对第一轴线A1、相对第二轴线A2并且必要时根据第三实施变体相对第四轴线A4以轴线错开的方式布置。
此外，在根据图1的第一实施变体中，从动端Ab相对第一轴线A1同轴布置，从而使得驱动端和从动端彼此同轴布置，而在根据图2和图3的第二和第三实施变体中，从动端Ab相对传动装置组件G的第三轴线A3同轴布置。
在图4和图5的第四和第五实施变体中，设置有行星传动装置作为传动装置组件。在根据图4的第四实施变体中，行星传动装置和从动端Ab相对第二轴线A2同轴布置，其中，第二轴线A2相对第一轴线A1以轴线错开的方式布置。在根据图5的第五实施变体中，行星传动装置和从动端Ab相对第一轴线A1同轴布置，其中，行星传动装置能经由至少一个圆柱齿轮级ST与相对第二轴线A2同轴布置的第一和第二传动装置输入轴W1、W2连接。
在所有实施变体中，图中示例性地示出的是，第二电机EM2在轴向上看被布置在第一电机EM1的前面，而第一电机EM1在轴向上看被布置在传动装置组件G的前面。因此得到了从内燃机VM沿轴向方向出发，首先布置的是第二电机EM2，随后是第一电机EM1，在它们之后是具有从动端的传动装置组件G。此外，在内燃机VM的下游接有扭转减震器T，该扭转减震器能经由切换元件K0与相对第一轴线A1同轴配属的轴W连接。
附图标记列表
EM1 规格定得较大的第一电机
EM2 规格定得较小的第二电机
VM 内燃机
A1 第一轴线或曲轴轴线
A2 第二轴线
A3 第三轴线
A4 第四轴线
Ab 从动端
G 多级传动装置组件
W 相对第一轴线同轴的轴
W1 第一传动装置输入轴
W2 第二传动装置输入轴
VW 中间轴
K0 离合器
T 扭转减震器
ST 圆柱齿轮级

Claims (17)

1.用于车辆的驱动系，所述驱动系具有：相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置的内燃机(VM)；至少一个第一电机(EM1)和第二电机(EM2)；以及能与从动端(Ab)连接的传动装置组件(G)，其中，所述第一电机(EM1)在其尺寸方面比所述第二电机(EM2)更大地定规格，并且其中，所述第二电机(EM2)至少能与所述内燃机(VM)连接，而所述第一电机(EM1)至少能与所述传动装置组件(G)连接，其特征在于，所述第一电机(EM1)和所述第二电机(EM2)关于其转子轴线彼此以轴线错开的方式布置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第二电机(EM2)相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置，而所述第一电机(EM1)相对第二轴线(A2)同轴布置，其中，所述第一轴线(A1)和所述第二轴线(A2)是轴线错开的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第二电机(EM2)相对第四轴线(A4)同轴布置，其中，所述第四轴线(A4)相对第一轴线(A1)和第二轴线(A2)以轴线错开的方式布置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第二电机(EM2)的转子能经由环绕传动机构或经由多个处于嵌接的齿轮与所述内燃机(VM)连接。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第二电机(EM2)能经由相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置的轴(W)与传动装置组件(G)的相对第二轴线(A2)同轴布置的第一传动装置输入轴(W1)在不发生转动转方向颠倒的情况下连接，并且所述第一电机(EM1)的转子能与所述传动装置组件(G)的相对第二轴线(A2)同轴布置的第二传动装置输入轴(W2)连接。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述传动装置组件(G)具有至少一个相对第三轴线(A3)同轴布置的中间轴(VW)，其中，所述第三轴线(A3)相对第一轴线(A1)、相对第二轴线(A2)以及必要时相对第四轴线(A4)以轴线错开的方式布置。
7.根据权利要求6所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述从动端(Ab)相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置。
8.根据权利要求6所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述从动端(Ab)相对所述传动装置组件(G)的第三轴线(A3)同轴布置。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，设置有行星传动装置作为传动装置组件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述行星传动装置和所述从动端(Ab)相对第二轴线(A2)同轴布置，其中，所述所述第二轴线(A2)相对第一轴线(A1)以轴线错开的方式布置。
11.根据权利要求9所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述行星传动装置和所述从动端(Ab)相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置，其中，所述所述行星传动装置能经由至少一个圆柱齿轮级(ST)与相对第二轴线(A2)同轴布置的第一和第二传动装置输入轴(W1、W2)连接。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第二电机(EM2)在轴向上看被布置在所述第一电机(EM1)的前面，并且所述第一电机(EM1)在轴向上看被布置在所述传动装置组件(G)的前面。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述第一电机(EM)被设置为行驶驱动装置，而所述第二电机(EM2)被设置用于启动所述内燃机(VM)和/或被设置为发电机。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，在所述内燃机(VM)的下游接有扭转减震器(T)。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，所述内燃机(VM)能经由切换元件(K0)与相对第一轴线(A1)同轴布置的轴(W)脱联。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系，其特征在于，在所述从动端(Ab)的下游接有全轮分配传动装置。
17.具有沿车辆纵向方向取向的根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动系的车辆。
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