CN117489098A - Construction method of aluminum alloy template of high-rise residence - Google Patents
Construction method of aluminum alloy template of high-rise residence Download PDFInfo
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- CN117489098A CN117489098A CN202311497658.3A CN202311497658A CN117489098A CN 117489098 A CN117489098 A CN 117489098A CN 202311497658 A CN202311497658 A CN 202311497658A CN 117489098 A CN117489098 A CN 117489098A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/06—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/02—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for rooms as a whole by which walls and floors are cast simultaneously, whole storeys, or whole buildings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/04—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for lintels, beams, or transoms to be encased separately; Special tying or clamping means therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/06—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for stairs, steps, cornices, balconies, or other parts corbelled out of the wall
- E04G13/062—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for stairs, steps, cornices, balconies, or other parts corbelled out of the wall for stairs or steps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/04—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of an aluminum alloy template of a high-rise residence, which comprises the following steps: construction research, construction scheme formulation, correction theory analysis, organization implementation and deviation correction implementation. According to the invention, all accessories of the aluminum template system can be reused, after the construction and the form removal are performed, no garbage exists on site, the support system is simple in structure and convenient to remove, so that the whole construction environment is safe, clean and tidy, and the safety civilization management risk is reduced; after the aluminum alloy template is disassembled, the surface quality of the concrete is smooth and clean, the requirements of facing and bare concrete can be basically met, no need of cleaning is required, and the plastering cost can be saved; the aluminum alloy template is deepened according to the field construction requirement before production, the problem of mismatching of the modulus of the traditional inner support frame body is solved, the phenomenon of nonstandard erection of the inner support is avoided, the collapse risk of a template support system is avoided, the verticality and the quantity of the vertical rods are focused in the daily acceptance process to meet the deepening requirement, and the aluminum alloy template is beneficial to safety control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy template construction, in particular to a construction method of an aluminum alloy template for a high-rise residence.
Background
In recent years, along with the rapid development of the economy in China, the building industry is in a period of rapid development. In the building industry, a plurality of new technologies and new materials are widely applied, and the aluminum alloy template is a new material which is widely applied to the construction of high-rise houses, is beneficial to improving the quality of the high-rise houses, can accelerate the progress of engineering on the premise of ensuring the safety, and has the characteristics of environmental protection and low carbon.
The templates used in the construction industry are continuously developed and updated, the templates made of aluminum alloy materials are used slowly at present, the quality level of high-rise residential buildings is improved by utilizing various characteristics and advantages of the materials, help is provided for rapidly completing engineering construction, and the templates are applied more frequently in construction industries in many countries, so that greater economic benefits are also obtained; the aluminum alloy template is not comprehensively researched in the construction process of the aluminum alloy template, namely the selection of materials of the aluminum alloy template, deepening of a template supporting and reinforcing system, arrangement of construction organization and the like, so that the problem of mismatching of the modulus of the traditional inner support frame body is easily caused, the situation that an inner support is set up irregularly occurs, the collapse risk of the template supporting system exists, the aluminum alloy material needs to be deeply understood, a comprehensive use system is built, the advantages of the aluminum alloy material can be brought into play more, the cost performance is very high, and the aluminum alloy template is also in accordance with the green development characteristics of the country.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of an aluminum alloy template for a high-rise residence, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the construction method of the aluminum alloy template of the high-rise residence comprises the following steps: construction research, construction scheme formulation, correction theory analysis, organization implementation and correction implementation, and the method comprises the following five steps:
step one: the practical analysis is applied by the high-rise residential aluminum alloy template, and the situation of the aluminum die application in the aspects of safety, progress, quality and cost is researched;
and (3) improving structural entity quality research: analyzing, researching and practically applying the structure optimization, node deepening, construction process control and the like through the application of project aluminum alloy templates, and summarizing key points capable of guaranteeing the quality of a structural entity;
safety research of aluminum alloy template supporting system: comprehensive researches are carried out on material selection of the aluminum alloy template, deepening of a template supporting and reinforcing system, arrangement of construction organization and the like, practical experience summary is carried out, and experience reference is provided for subsequent projects.
Step two: project department carries on the implementation organization design and plan making according to the situation of the aluminum mould application in terms of safety, progress, quality, cost, make personnel equipment, material equipment plan and progress plan;
step three: in combination with site construction experience, in order to ensure that the quality of a structural entity is improved after the aluminum alloy template is used, the following preparation work should be done before the aluminum template is installed and constructed;
(1) The problem is to be clarified before deepening.
(2) The structure of the wall pile is deepened by the size of the components, wall piles, lintels, lower hanging beams, constructional columns, stair sharp corners, full outer walls, masonry, counter beams, joints, short walls, rabbets and the like.
(3) And (5) performing factory acceptance work of the aluminum template.
Step four: in order to ensure the quality of the entity, the following construction flow is followed in the construction process
(1) Measuring pay-off
The elevation is guided and measured to the floor operation surface, and the elevation of the root of the wall column and the elevation of the bottom of the beam slab are controlled through the guided and measured elevation; the elevation control points are arranged to meet the control of the elevation of the on-site wall column and the beam slab. The floor board must be sprung with an axis and a wall column border, and the wall column must also be sprung with a 300mm control line; the wall column control line is used for checking whether the template is deviated or not, and the verticality, flatness and squareness of the template; and after the wall column is bound, the elevation is required to be guided to the wall column steel bar for controlling the elevation of the hydropower embedded pipeline and the box.
(2) Welding of locating steel bars
The template positioning ribs are made of phi 10 screw thread steel, and are fixed on the shear wall ribs by welding, and are 60-70 mm away from the root of the shear wall (higher than angle aluminum); positioning ribs are required to be arranged at the end part and the middle part of the shear wall, and the distance between the positioning ribs at the middle part is not more than 1000mm; the positioning ribs at the end parts of the shear wall are L-shaped, the positioning ribs at the middle part are I-shaped, and the I-shaped positioning ribs are required to be cut for blanking, so that the two ends are smooth, and the blanking length is allowed to be 2mm negative deviation at maximum; the positioning ribs are required to be welded by special persons, accurate positioning is required, and the main ribs are not damaged; before the wall mould is installed, the working length needs to check the positioning ribs, and after the positioning ribs are qualified, the mould can be sealed; protection of the positioning ribs is paid attention to in the wall die installation process, and failure of the positioning ribs is avoided.
(3) Wall post aluminum mould assembly
(1) And selecting the corresponding wall templates according to the numbered drawings, coating a release agent on the adhesive gray surface, and constructing and assembling the wall templates according to the matched mold drawings and the coded drawings.
(2) According to the wall positioning control line, the wallboards are installed from the end sealing plates one by one according to the two sides of the numbered drawings, and temporary fixing is needed to prevent the templates from falling down.
(3) The bottom corner aluminum is connected with the wall plate molds by bolts, the wall plate molds are connected with the K plate by pins, and the pin distance is 300mm.
(4) When the back edge is installed on the wall body, the back edge is installed from bottom to top, and the outer wall is installed firstly, then the inner wall is installed, and the inner corner is installed firstly, then the outer corner is installed; the back ridge is arranged according to the inner part 4 and the outer part 5. First track pitch 250, each track pitch no more than 700.
(4) Beam plate aluminum mould assembly
(1) The beam mold consists of a shaping beam bottom mold, angle aluminum, shaping beam side molds and beam supports, the floor slab aluminum mold consists of keels, plate supports and plate molds, support rods are arranged below the beam plate supports, and the distance between the support rods is less than or equal to 1200mm.
(2) The beam plate bottom die, the angle aluminum and the side die are fixedly connected by pins.
(3) Pin arrangement principle: pins are required to be arranged at the two ends of the template (angle aluminum and C groove), and the distance between the pins in the middle is not more than 300mm.
(4) The beam slab die is connected with the shear wall die through the C groove.
(5) The beam template is installed in sequence of the first beam bottom, the second beam, the first common part and the second house part.
(6) And 3m or more of the beam bottom is integrally installed, 3m or more of the beam bottom is installed in a segmented mode, and the single top is timely topped up and approximately leveled by installing the complete beam bottom.
(7) After the vertical wall inspection is qualified, the floor keels are installed, the floor plates are in flat installation relationship, and the single roof is used for leveling during installation.
(8) When the diagonal line of the floor is checked without any errors, the floor templates are installed, the floor templates are arranged in parallel piece by piece for quick installation, the floor templates are temporarily fixed by pins, and finally the pins are uniformly tightened.
(5) Flatness correction for verticality
Wall column template correction and inspection:
aligning a 1m elevation control line by using a laser level gauge, and then observing whether laser coincides with an elevation control point on a wall column or not; aligning a laser level with a control line of 300mm of the wall, overlapping the laser line, and checking the perpendicularity and flatness of the wall by using a tape measure; and rechecking the verticality of the outer wall surface by using a wire cone and a tape measure.
Correcting and checking a beam plate template:
in the beam slab template installation process, the elevation of the floor slab and the levelness of the floor slab are controlled; after the floor slab template is installed, checking and correcting elevation and levelness of each floor slab are required; the verticality deviation of the floor slab and the beam bottom supporting upright rod is not more than 50mm; the extremely poor levelness of the top plate is less than or equal to 5mm.
(6) Stair aluminum mould assembly
(1) The stair aluminum mould consists of a stair bottom mould, a stepping cover plate, a stair side plate and a back ridge;
(2) the stair aluminum mould adopts a totally-enclosed assembly process, and is assembled together with adjacent wall moulds (connected by special C grooves) when assembled, and a vibrating port is required to be reserved on a stepping cover plate;
(3) the mounting sequence of the stair templates is a stair external wall board, a stair internal wall board, a stair C groove, a stair bottom board, a stair side board, a stair baffle, a stair cover board, a stair back edge and a support.
(4) The stepping templates, the side plates and the shear wall mould are all connected by pins.
(5) After the step is installed, the step is reinforced by the back ridge.
Step five: the method comprises the steps of collecting data on site, analyzing influence factors by means of collecting the data on site and making a quality defect project statistical table, analyzing reasons for the results, continuously adjusting construction process by means of on-site monitoring, researching structural entity quality, safety technical measures and experience parameters of an aluminum alloy template supporting system, and refining a corresponding aluminum alloy template supporting system and construction technology.
Furthermore, the aluminum alloy template belongs to a novel material, has high strength, light weight, convenient construction and simple assembly, adopts an early dismantling system, and can effectively ensure engineering quality while improving construction speed; the overall impression effect is good after the aluminum template is used for removing the die, the qualification rate is almost 100% in terms of impression quality, flatness, verticality, section size and the like, and the qualification rate is well verified in actual measurement real quantity data, which is incomparable with the traditional template such as a wood template and the like; through engineering actual measurement, the flatness of the wall surface of the aluminum template construction can reach the level (-4, 4), and the flatness is derived from the better strength, rigidity and stability of the aluminum alloy template; the aluminum alloy template supporting system is specially designed, so that the problem that the traditional wood pattern construction complex node supporting system is not standard to set up is effectively avoided; and the aluminum alloy template has high strength, reliable supporting system, simple daily acceptance and management and control, high safety reserve and safe construction of the project template supporting system.
Furthermore, by applying the aluminum alloy template, the aluminum alloy template is convenient to construct and high in efficiency; the aluminum template system is simple and convenient to assemble, the average weight is about 20kg, the aluminum template system is completely carried and assembled by manpower without the assistance of any mechanical equipment, the system design is simple, and the hand-up speed of workers and the turnover speed of templates are very high; the skilled installer can install 20-30 square meters per person every day, so that the labor cost is greatly saved, meanwhile, 4 days/layer of project practice process is achieved, the construction period is effectively saved, the safety risk of a traditional formwork support system is reduced through finalization and batch aluminum alloy formwork installation, meanwhile, the aluminum molding is guaranteed due to the fact that the aluminum molding is good in concrete molding quality, the wall surface perpendicularity flatness error is controlled within 4mm, the concrete surface quality is smooth and clean, the requirements of facing and bare concrete can be basically met, no batch is needed, plastering cost can be saved, investment of engineering construction is saved, and certain economic benefits are achieved.
Furthermore, the strength of the aluminum alloy template is high, the supporting system is reliable, and the construction safety of the supporting system in the construction process is ensured; the vertical rod of the supporting system adopts a single-supporting early-dismantling system, compared with the traditional wheel buckle frame, the vertical rod has higher strength, meanwhile, the vertical rod material of the inner frame can be effectively reduced, and the site construction waste is less; all accessories of the aluminum template system can be reused, and after the construction and the form removal, all aluminum template materials on site are arranged to be cleaned up by workers, so that no garbage exists on site; the supporting system is simple in structure and convenient to dismantle, so that the whole construction environment is safe, clean and tidy, and the safety civilization management risk is reduced; and the template of the next layer is directly transferred to the construction of the previous layer, a discharging platform is not used, the safety and reliability are realized, the transfer material is convenient and quick to clean, and the potential safety hazard and accidents are reduced to a great extent.
Further, aluminum alloy templates are deepened according to the field construction requirement before production, the problem of mismatching of the modulus of the traditional inner support frame body is solved, the phenomenon that the inner support is erected in an irregular manner is avoided, the collapse risk of a template support system is avoided, the verticality and the quantity of vertical rods are focused in the daily acceptance process to meet the deepening requirement, and the method is beneficial to safety management and control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the construction method of the high-rise residential aluminum alloy template, all accessories of the aluminum template system can be reused, after the template is constructed and disassembled, no garbage exists on site, the support system is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble, so that the whole construction environment is safe, clean and tidy, and the safety civilization management risk is reduced; after the aluminum alloy template is disassembled, the surface quality of the concrete is smooth and clean, the requirements of facing and bare concrete can be basically met, no need of cleaning is required, plastering cost can be saved, material cost is effectively saved, labor investment is reduced, engineering construction investment is saved, and certain economic benefit is achieved; by applying the aluminum alloy template, starting from deepening of the aluminum alloy template, constructing the structure, summarizing the construction flow through practice, fully playing the advantages of the aluminum alloy template through construction process control, guaranteeing the quality of the structural entity and obtaining a better effect; secondly, the aluminum alloy template is deepened according to the field construction requirement before production, the problem of mismatching of the modulus of the traditional inner support frame body is solved, the phenomenon of nonstandard erection of the inner support is avoided, the collapse risk of a template support system is avoided, the verticality and the quantity of the vertical rods are focused in the daily acceptance process to meet the deepening requirement, the safety control is facilitated, and the template support system is more economical, reasonable and safe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction flow chart of a construction method of an aluminum alloy template for a high-rise building according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a technical roadmap of a construction method of an aluminum alloy formwork for a high-rise building.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, embodiments of the present invention are provided: the construction method of the aluminum alloy template of the high-rise residence comprises the following steps: construction research, construction scheme formulation, correction theory analysis, organization implementation and correction implementation, and the method comprises the following five steps:
step one: the practical analysis is applied by the high-rise residential aluminum alloy template, and the situation of the aluminum die application in the aspects of safety, progress, quality and cost is researched;
and (3) improving structural entity quality research: analyzing, researching and practically applying the structure optimization, node deepening, construction process control and the like through the application of project aluminum alloy templates, and summarizing key points capable of guaranteeing the quality of a structural entity;
safety research of aluminum alloy template supporting system: comprehensive researches are carried out on material selection of the aluminum alloy template, deepening of a template supporting and reinforcing system, arrangement of construction organization and the like, practical experience summary is carried out, and experience reference is provided for subsequent projects.
Step two: project department carries on the implementation organization design and plan making according to the situation of the aluminum mould application in terms of safety, progress, quality, cost, make personnel equipment, material equipment plan and progress plan;
step three: in combination with site construction experience, in order to ensure that the quality of a structural entity is improved after the aluminum alloy template is used, the following preparation work should be done before the aluminum template is installed and constructed;
(1) The problems which are needed to be clear before deepening are reasonably analyzed on the actual conditions of the building engineering, including the building structure size, the complexity of building external lines, the external frame form and the like.
(2) The structure of the wall pile is deepened by the size of the components, wall piles, lintels, lower hanging beams, constructional columns, stair sharp corners, full outer walls, masonry, counter beams, joints, short walls, rabbets and the like.
(3) The delivery acceptance work of the aluminum mould plate is finished, the aluminum mould plate must be installed in the field according to the actual use assembly mode before entering the field, and five-party acceptance is carried out according to the related technical requirements.
Step four: in order to ensure the quality of the entity, the following construction flow is followed in the construction process
(1) Measuring pay-off
The elevation is guided and measured to the floor operation surface, and the elevation of the root of the wall column and the elevation of the bottom of the beam slab are controlled through the guided and measured elevation; the elevation control points are arranged to meet the control of the elevation of the on-site wall column and the beam slab. The floor board must be sprung with an axis and a wall column border, and the wall column must also be sprung with a 300mm control line; the wall column control line is used for checking whether the template is deviated or not, and the verticality, flatness and squareness of the template; and after the wall column is bound, the elevation is required to be guided to the wall column steel bar for controlling the elevation of the hydropower embedded pipeline and the box.
(2) Welding of locating steel bars
The template positioning ribs are made of phi 10 screw thread steel, and are fixed on the shear wall ribs by welding, and are 60-70 mm away from the root of the shear wall (higher than angle aluminum); positioning ribs are required to be arranged at the end part and the middle part of the shear wall, and the distance between the positioning ribs at the middle part is not more than 1000mm; the positioning ribs at the end parts of the shear wall are L-shaped, the positioning ribs at the middle part are I-shaped, and the I-shaped positioning ribs are required to be cut for blanking, so that the two ends are smooth, and the blanking length is allowed to be 2mm negative deviation at maximum; the positioning ribs are required to be welded by special persons, accurate positioning is required, and the main ribs are not damaged; before the wall mould is installed, the working length needs to check the positioning ribs, and after the positioning ribs are qualified, the mould can be sealed; protection of the positioning ribs is paid attention to in the wall die installation process, and failure of the positioning ribs is avoided.
(3) Wall post aluminum mould assembly
(1) And selecting the corresponding wall templates according to the numbered drawings, coating a release agent on the adhesive gray surface, and constructing and assembling the wall templates according to the matched mold drawings and the coded drawings.
(2) According to the wall positioning control line, the wallboards are installed from the end sealing plates one by one according to the two sides of the numbered drawings, and temporary fixing is needed to prevent the templates from falling down.
(3) The bottom corner aluminum is connected with the wall plate molds by bolts, the wall plate molds are connected with the K plate by pins, and the pin distance is 300mm.
(4) When the back edge is installed on the wall body, the back edge is installed from bottom to top, and the outer wall is installed firstly, then the inner wall is installed, and the inner corner is installed firstly, then the outer corner is installed; the back ridge is arranged according to the inner part 4 and the outer part 5. First track pitch 250, each track pitch no more than 700.
(4) Beam plate aluminum mould assembly
(1) The beam mold consists of a shaping beam bottom mold, angle aluminum, shaping beam side molds and beam supports, the floor slab aluminum mold consists of keels, plate supports and plate molds, support rods are arranged below the beam plate supports, and the distance between the support rods is less than or equal to 1200mm.
(2) The beam plate bottom die, the angle aluminum and the side die are fixedly connected by pins.
(3) Pin arrangement principle: pins are required to be arranged at the two ends of the template (angle aluminum and C groove), and the distance between the pins in the middle is not more than 300mm.
(4) The beam slab die is connected with the shear wall die through the C groove.
(5) The beam template is installed in sequence of the first beam bottom, the second beam, the first common part and the second house part.
(6) And 3m or more of the beam bottom is integrally installed, 3m or more of the beam bottom is installed in a segmented mode, and the single top is timely topped up and approximately leveled by installing the complete beam bottom.
(7) After the vertical wall inspection is qualified, the floor keels are installed, the floor plates are in flat installation relationship, and the single roof is used for leveling during installation.
(8) When the diagonal line of the floor is checked without any errors, the floor templates are installed, the floor templates are arranged in parallel piece by piece for quick installation, the floor templates are temporarily fixed by pins, and finally the pins are uniformly tightened.
(5) Flatness correction for verticality
Wall column template correction and inspection:
aligning a 1m elevation control line by using a laser level gauge, and then observing whether laser coincides with an elevation control point on a wall column or not; aligning a laser level with a control line of 300mm of the wall, overlapping the laser line, and checking the perpendicularity and flatness of the wall by using a tape measure; and rechecking the verticality of the outer wall surface by using a wire cone and a tape measure.
Correcting and checking a beam plate template:
in the beam slab template installation process, the elevation of the floor slab and the levelness of the floor slab are controlled; after the floor slab template is installed, checking and correcting elevation and levelness of each floor slab are required; the verticality deviation of the floor slab and the beam bottom supporting upright rod is not more than 50mm; the extremely poor levelness of the top plate is less than or equal to 5mm.
(6) Stair aluminum mould assembly
(1) The stair aluminum mould consists of a stair bottom mould, a stepping cover plate, a stair side plate and a back ridge;
(2) the stair aluminum mould adopts a totally-enclosed assembly process, and is assembled together with adjacent wall moulds (connected by special C grooves) when assembled, and a vibrating port is required to be reserved on a stepping cover plate;
(3) the mounting sequence of the stair templates is a stair external wall board, a stair internal wall board, a stair C groove, a stair bottom board, a stair side board, a stair baffle, a stair cover board, a stair back edge and a support.
(4) The stepping templates, the side plates and the shear wall mould are all connected by pins.
(5) After the step is installed, the step is reinforced by the back ridge.
Step five: the method comprises the steps of collecting data on site, analyzing influence factors by means of collecting the data on site and making a quality defect project statistical table, analyzing reasons for the results, continuously adjusting construction process by means of on-site monitoring, researching structural entity quality, safety technical measures and experience parameters of an aluminum alloy template supporting system, and refining a corresponding aluminum alloy template supporting system and construction technology.
Example 2
The aluminum alloy template belongs to a novel material, has high strength, light weight, convenient construction and simple assembly, adopts an early dismantling system, and can effectively ensure engineering quality while improving construction speed; the overall impression effect is good after the aluminum template is used for removing the die, the qualification rate is almost 100% in terms of impression quality, flatness, verticality, section size and the like, and the qualification rate is well verified in actual measurement real quantity data, which is incomparable with the traditional template such as a wood template and the like; through engineering actual measurement, the flatness of the wall surface of the aluminum template construction can reach the level (-4, 4), and the flatness is derived from the better strength, rigidity and stability of the aluminum alloy template; the aluminum alloy template supporting system is specially designed, so that the problem that the traditional wood pattern construction complex node supporting system is not standard to set up is effectively avoided; the aluminum alloy template has high strength, a reliable supporting system, simple daily acceptance and management and control, high safety storage and safe construction of the project template supporting system;
by applying the aluminum alloy template, the aluminum alloy template is convenient to construct and high in efficiency; the aluminum template system is simple and convenient to assemble, the average weight is about 20kg, the aluminum template system is completely carried and assembled by manpower without the assistance of any mechanical equipment, the system design is simple, and the hand-up speed of workers and the turnover speed of templates are very high; the method has the advantages that a skilled installer can install 20-30 square meters per person every day, the labor cost is greatly saved, meanwhile, the project practice process achieves 4 days/layer, the construction period is effectively saved, the safety risk of a traditional formwork support system is reduced through finalization and batch aluminum alloy formwork installation, meanwhile, the aluminum molding is good, the concrete molding quality is guaranteed, the wall perpendicularity flatness error is controlled within 4mm, the concrete surface quality is smooth and clean, the requirements of facing and bare concrete can be basically met, no batch is needed, the plastering cost can be saved, the investment of engineering construction is saved, and certain economic benefits are achieved;
the strength of the aluminum alloy template is high, the supporting system is reliable, and the construction safety of the supporting system in the construction process is ensured; the vertical rod of the supporting system adopts a single-supporting early-dismantling system, compared with the traditional wheel buckle frame, the vertical rod has higher strength, meanwhile, the vertical rod material of the inner frame can be effectively reduced, and the site construction waste is less; all accessories of the aluminum template system can be reused, and after the construction and the form removal, all aluminum template materials on site are arranged to be cleaned up by workers, so that no garbage exists on site; the supporting system is simple in structure and convenient to dismantle, so that the whole construction environment is safe, clean and tidy, and the safety civilization management risk is reduced; and the template of the next layer is directly transferred to the construction of the previous layer, a discharging platform is not used, the safety and reliability are realized, the transfer material is convenient and quick to clean, and the potential safety hazard and accidents are reduced to a great extent.
The aluminum alloy template is deepened according to the field construction requirement before production, the problem of mismatching of the modulus of the traditional inner support frame body is solved, the phenomenon of nonstandard erection of the inner support is avoided, the collapse risk of a template support system is avoided, the verticality and the quantity of the vertical rods are focused in the daily acceptance process to meet the deepening requirement, and the aluminum alloy template is beneficial to safety control.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (2)
1. The construction method of the aluminum alloy template of the high-rise residence comprises the following steps: construction research, construction scheme formulation, correction theory analysis, organization implementation, and correction implementation, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following five steps:
step one: the practical analysis is applied by the high-rise residential aluminum alloy template, and the situation of the aluminum die application in the aspects of safety, progress, quality and cost is researched;
and (3) improving structural entity quality research: analyzing, researching and practically applying the structure optimization, node deepening, construction process control and the like through the application of project aluminum alloy templates, and summarizing key points capable of guaranteeing the quality of a structural entity;
safety research of aluminum alloy template supporting system: comprehensive researches are carried out on material selection of the aluminum alloy template, deepening of a template supporting and reinforcing system, construction organization arrangement and the like, practical experience summary is carried out, and experience reference is provided for subsequent projects;
step two: project department carries on the implementation organization design and plan making according to the situation of the aluminum mould application in terms of safety, progress, quality, cost, make personnel equipment, material equipment plan and progress plan;
step three: in combination with site construction experience, in order to ensure that the quality of a structural entity is improved after the aluminum alloy template is used, the following preparation works are carried out before the aluminum template is installed and constructed;
(1) The problem of definition before deepening is needed;
(2) Structural deepening is carried out on the component size, wall piles, lintel, lower hanging beams, constructional columns, stair sharp angles, full outer walls, masonry, counterbeams, joints, short walls, rabbets and the like;
(3) Manufacturing and acceptance inspection work of the aluminum templates;
step four: in order to ensure the quality of the entity, the following construction flow is followed in the construction process
(1) Measuring pay-off
The elevation is guided and measured to the floor operation surface, and the elevation of the root of the wall column and the elevation of the bottom of the beam slab are controlled through the guided and measured elevation; the elevation control points are arranged to meet the control of the elevation of the on-site wall column and the beam slab; the floor board must be sprung with an axis and a wall column border, and the wall column must also be sprung with a 300mm control line; the wall column control line is used for checking whether the template is deviated or not, and the verticality, flatness and squareness of the template; after the wall column is bound, the elevation is required to be guided to the wall column steel bar for controlling the elevation of the hydro-electric embedded pipeline and the box;
(2) Welding of locating steel bars
The template positioning ribs are made of phi 10 screw thread steel, are fixed on the shear wall ribs through welding, are 60-70 mm away from the root of the shear wall and are higher than angle aluminum; positioning ribs are required to be arranged at the end part and the middle part of the shear wall, and the distance between the positioning ribs at the middle part is not more than 1000mm; the positioning ribs at the end parts of the shear wall are L-shaped, the positioning ribs at the middle part are I-shaped, and the I-shaped positioning ribs are required to be cut for blanking, so that the two ends are smooth, and the blanking length is allowed to be 2mm negative deviation at maximum; the positioning ribs are required to be welded by special persons, accurate positioning is required, and the main ribs are not damaged; before the wall mould is installed, the working length needs to check the positioning ribs, and after the positioning ribs are qualified, the mould can be sealed; protection of the positioning ribs is paid attention to in the wall die mounting process, and failure of the positioning ribs is avoided;
(3) Wall post aluminum mould assembly
(1) Selecting corresponding wall templates according to the numbered drawings, coating a release agent on the adhesive gray surface, and constructing and assembling according to the matched mold drawings and the coded drawings;
(2) according to the wall positioning control line, wall boards are installed from the end sealing plates one by one according to the two sides of the numbered drawings, and temporary fixing is needed to prevent the templates from falling down;
(3) the bottom corner aluminum is connected with the wall plate molds by bolts, the wall plate molds and the K plate molds are connected by pins, and the pin spacing is 300mm;
(4) when the back edge is installed on the wall body, the back edge is installed from bottom to top, and the outer wall is installed firstly, then the inner wall is installed, and the inner corner is installed firstly, then the outer corner is installed; the back ridge is arranged according to the inner part 4 and the outer part 5. First track pitch 250, each track pitch no more than 700;
(4) Beam plate aluminum mould assembly
(1) The beam mold consists of a shaping beam bottom mold, angle aluminum, shaping beam side molds and beam supports, the floor slab aluminum mold consists of keels, plate supports and plate molds, support rods are arranged below the beam plate supports, and the distance between the support rods is less than or equal to 1200mm;
(2) the beam plate bottom die, the angle aluminum and the side die are fixedly connected by pins;
(3) pin arrangement principle: pins are required to be arranged at the two ends of each template of the angle aluminum and the C groove, and the distance between the pins in the middle is not more than 300mm;
(4) the beam slab die is connected with the shear wall die through the C groove;
(5) the beam template is installed in sequence of the first beam bottom, the second beam, the first common part and the second house part;
(6) the whole beam bottom length is less than or equal to 3m, the whole beam bottom is installed in sections greater than or equal to 3m, and the whole beam bottom is installed to fill up a single roof in time and is approximately leveled;
(7) after the vertical inspection of the wall body is qualified, the floor keels are installed, the floor surfaces of the keels are in flat installation relationship, and the single roof is used for leveling in the installation period;
(8) when the diagonal line of the floor is checked without any errors, the floor templates are installed, and are arranged in parallel piece by piece for quick installation, firstly, the floor templates are temporarily fixed by pins, and finally, the pins are uniformly tightened;
(5) Flatness correction for verticality
Wall column template correction and inspection:
aligning a 1m elevation control line by using a laser level gauge, and then observing whether laser coincides with an elevation control point on a wall column or not; aligning a laser level with a control line of 300mm of the wall, overlapping the laser line, and checking the perpendicularity and flatness of the wall by using a tape measure; rechecking the verticality of the outer wall surface by using a line cone and a tape measure;
correcting and checking a beam plate template:
in the beam slab template installation process, the elevation of the floor slab and the levelness of the floor slab are controlled; after the floor slab template is installed, checking and correcting elevation and levelness of each floor slab are required; the verticality deviation of the floor slab and the beam bottom supporting upright rod is not more than 50mm; the extremely poor levelness of the top plate is less than or equal to 5mm;
(6) Stair aluminum mould assembly
(1) The stair aluminum mould consists of a stair bottom mould, a stepping cover plate, a stair side plate and a back ridge;
(2) the stair aluminum mould adopts a totally-enclosed assembly process, and is assembled along with adjacent wall moulds when assembled, and is connected by adopting a stair C groove, and a vibrating opening is required to be reserved on a stepping cover plate;
(3) the mounting sequence of the stair templates is a stair external wallboard, a stair internal wallboard, a stair C groove, a stair bottom plate, a stair side plate, a stair baffle, a stair cover plate, a stair back edge and a support;
(4) the stepping templates, the side plates and the shear wall mould are all connected by pins;
(5) after the steps are installed, the steps are reinforced by the back ribs;
step five: the method comprises the steps of collecting data on site, analyzing influence factors by means of collecting the data on site and making a quality defect project statistical table, analyzing reasons for the results, continuously adjusting construction process by means of on-site monitoring, researching structural entity quality, safety technical measures and experience parameters of an aluminum alloy template supporting system, and refining a corresponding aluminum alloy template supporting system and construction technology.
2. The construction method of the high-rise residential aluminum alloy template according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the stair aluminum mould consists of a stair bottom mould, a stepping cover plate, a stair side plate and a back edge, and the two groups of stair aluminum moulds are connected by adopting special stair C grooves, so that the stair C grooves are connected to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the stair aluminum mould; the cover plate of marking time needs to leave and to set up the mouth of vibrating, and the vibrator vibrates the inside concrete of the stair aluminium mould of accomplishing through the mouth of vibrating, makes things convenient for follow-up work.
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