CN114673190A - Installation construction method for high-precision embedded bolt at column top - Google Patents
Installation construction method for high-precision embedded bolt at column top Download PDFInfo
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- CN114673190A CN114673190A CN202210272079.8A CN202210272079A CN114673190A CN 114673190 A CN114673190 A CN 114673190A CN 202210272079 A CN202210272079 A CN 202210272079A CN 114673190 A CN114673190 A CN 114673190A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/44—Foundations for machines, engines or ordnance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
- E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
- E04G21/185—Means for positioning building parts or elements for anchoring elements or elements to be incorporated in the structure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of installation of other similar engineering equipment such as cracking furnaces and gas furnaces in chemical plants, in particular to a method for installing and constructing a high-precision embedded bolt on a column top. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the bottom row of steel bars are used as a fixing measure for the lower part of the foundation bolt, an original bottom layer positioning die is replaced, the position precision, the section size and the concrete compactness of the bolt can be guaranteed, and the quality of the bolt and the concrete forming can be guaranteed. 2) The installation speed is fast, saves material. 3) The installation quality is high, and the position is accurate. 4) The method has the advantages of less required equipment, simple operation process, 30 percent improvement of construction efficiency and 100 percent of quality standard-reaching rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of installation of other similar engineering equipment such as cracking furnaces, gas furnaces and the like in chemical plants, in particular to a method for installing and constructing high-precision embedded bolts on column tops.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, chemical plants, power plants and various large-scale novel industrial equipment are installed increasingly, embedded bolts of various foundations (especially equipment foundations) are adopted in a large number, compared with traditional buildings, the embedded bolts of the foundations of the buildings are large in specification and quantity and high in construction precision requirement, and once the embedded bolts generate large deviation, normal installation and debugging of the equipment are directly influenced, and the embedded bolts play a critical role in the whole project.
The method for fixing the embedded bolt mainly applied to the embedded bolt in the industrial building is a method for welding the embedded bolt by electric welding. The method mainly adopts a welding means to fix the embedded bolt on the steel bar of the foundation short column, and the process of installing the steel structure after the pouring is finished has the advantages of low working efficiency for occasions with large quantity, multiple specifications and higher construction precision requirement.
The patent of the utility model application No. 202121795343.3 discloses a positioning device for pre-embedded bolts at the top of a concrete column and a pre-embedded bolt fixing structure, wherein each pre-embedded bolt is suspended and fixed at the top of the concrete column by adopting the positioning device, the positioning device comprises two positioning sleeves which are arranged at intervals, a connecting cross rod is detachably connected between the two positioning sleeves, and the connecting cross rod can horizontally move between the two positioning sleeves and be positioned; and each positioning sleeve is provided with a fastener, and the tail end of the fastener penetrates through the positioning sleeve and can fix the positioning sleeve on the embedded bolt or the foundation steel bar. During the use, two location sleeves of every positioner overlap respectively on one of them foundation steel bar and buried bolt in advance, form the support to buried bolt in advance through connecting the horizontal pole.
The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201910881628.X provides an auxiliary device for embedded bolts and a fixing method for the embedded bolts, and the auxiliary device comprises a pouring mold, wherein the pouring mold is provided with a pouring space; the mounting, the mounting is connected on pouring the mould, has seted up a plurality of through-holes on the mounting, passes an embedded bolt in every through-hole to be fixed in advance the embedded bolt in the position of pouring on the space embedded bolt. The fixing method of the embedded bolts comprises the steps of firstly obtaining the installation positions of the embedded bolts, arranging an embedded bolt auxiliary device at each installation position, and pouring the embedded bolts.
In the foundation bolt construction process, the hole reserving method is complex and tedious in process. And the lower positioning template is directly poured into the concrete after the bolts are formed, so that the manufacturing cost of the steel plate is high, the size of the section of the concrete at the lower positioning template cannot be guaranteed, the compactness of the concrete below the lower positioning template cannot be controlled, the construction quality cannot achieve the expected effect, and certain hidden danger is caused to the engineering construction quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a column top high-precision embedded bolt installation construction method, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, adopts an installation distance support during the embedded bolt construction, uses a bottom row reinforcing mesh to replace a bolt bottom embedded distance template and a support system in the traditional method, and can completely meet the installation construction requirements of the column top high-precision embedded bolt through continuous practice, technical improvement and summarization and extraction.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the installation and construction method for the high-precision embedded bolt at the column top is characterized in that an installation distance support is adopted to be matched with a bottom row reinforcing mesh to serve as a distance support at the bottom of the embedded bolt during the construction of the embedded bolt, the installation and construction requirements of the high-precision embedded bolt at the column top are met, and the method comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) manufacturing a fixed-distance template;
2) measuring and positioning, namely measuring and confirming the bottom position elevation of the embedded bolt, and marking the corresponding positions of all the column reinforcements; binding a stirrup below an embedded line of the embedded bolt, checking a column rib after binding, and adjusting the verticality of the embedded bolt;
3) mounting embedded bolt bottom row steel bars;
4) erecting a fixed-distance bracket;
5) Installing a distance template and an embedded bolt;
6) adjusting the top elevation and the verticality of the embedded bolt;
7) assembling and welding, namely fixing the distance template and the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system in a spot welding manner, and welding the bottom of the embedded bolt and the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system to fix the position of the embedded bolt relative to the column bar;
8) and (5) pouring the concrete, and removing the distance template for recycling when the strength of the concrete reaches 50%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the bottom row of steel bars are used as a fixing measure of the lower portion of the foundation bolt, an original bottom layer positioning die is replaced, the operation is simple and convenient, the position accuracy, the section size and the concrete tamping performance of the bolt can be guaranteed, and the quality of the bolt and the concrete forming can be guaranteed. 2) The installation speed is fast, saves material. Compared with the traditional construction method: in the traditional construction method, a bolt support system is embedded at the bottom of a foundation, and bolts are installed one by one; the invention adopts the reinforcing mesh to replace a bracket system, and the whole set of bolts is installed. 3) The installation quality is high, and the position is accurate. 4) The method has the advantages of less required equipment, simple operation process, 30 percent improvement of construction efficiency and 100 percent of quality standard-reaching rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the distance plate of the present invention;
figure 2 is a plan view of a mounting distance holder according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 3 is a perspective view of a mounting distance bracket according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the fabrication of bottom row reinforcement bars according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating installation of reinforcing bars in a bottom row of bolts according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-spacing template; 2-upper horizontal cross arm; 3-lower horizontal cross arm; 4-horizontal pull rod; 5-upright column; 6-bottom row of steel bars; 7-embedding bolts; 8-stirrup.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the present product is conventionally placed in use, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, which are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the distance template and the distance bracket, in order to ensure the rigidity of the mold, the distance template 1 is made of a steel plate with the thickness of 8 mm. The inner diameter of the hole in the plate surface of the distance template 1 is only 2mm larger than the outer diameter of the designed embedded bolt 7, the center of the hole is consistent with the design, when the embedded bolts 7 are sleeved in the hole, the maximum displacement deviation of each embedded bolt 7 can be 1mm, the maximum displacement deviation of any two embedded bolts 7 can be 2mm, and therefore the fact that the central displacement between any embedded bolts 7 of the same embedded bolt 7 group reaches the construction precontrol target is less than or equal to 2mm can be guaranteed.
Installation distance support includes stand 5, upper portion horizontal cross arm 2, lower part horizontal cross arm 3 and horizontal pull rod 4, a plurality of 2 parallel arrangement to upper portion horizontal cross arm, upper portion horizontal cross arm below sets up a plurality of lower part horizontal cross arm 3 perpendicularly, the interval is buried bolt 7 diameter +2mm in advance between the adjacent cross arm, upper portion horizontal cross arm 2 and lower part horizontal cross arm 3 are connected through horizontal pull rod 4 respectively and are connected fixed formation stable space frame structure with four stands 5, upper portion horizontal cross arm 2 and distance template 1 accordant connection, be equipped with the installation locating hole of a set of buried bolt 7 in advance on the distance template 1, the installation locating hole diameter is buried bolt 7 diameter +2mm in advance. The upper horizontal cross arm 2 and the lower horizontal cross arm 3 are both of a double-steel-pipe structure, and the distance between the double steel pipes is the diameter of the embedded bolt 7 plus 2 mm.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a construction process flow and an operation key point
Firstly, the process flow is as follows:
distance template making → measuring and positioning → installing embedded bolt bottom row reinforcing steel → erecting installation distance support → installation distance template and embedded bolt → adjusting top elevation and verticality of embedded bolt → assembly welding → concrete pouring
Secondly, the operation key points are as follows:
1) the distance template 1 is manufactured, a manufacturer must strictly customize the distance template according to a design drawing, and the distance template 1 must meet the requirements of a drawing. The distance template 1 is the key for ensuring that the center displacement between any embedded bolts of the embedded bolts 7 in the same group is less than or equal to 2 mm;
2) And (5) measuring and positioning, namely measuring and confirming the bottom position elevation of the embedded bolt 7 and marking the corresponding positions of all the main bars of the columns. And (3) binding the stirrups 8 below the bottom positions of the embedded bolts 7, wherein the distance between the stirrups 8 and the bottom positions of the embedded bolts 7 is not less than 50mm, and checking the column reinforcements and adjusting the verticality after binding.
3) Bottom row steel bar 6 for mounting embedded bolt
a. And manufacturing latticed bottom row steel bars 6 according to the positions of the embedded bolts 7 and the cross-sectional sizes of the positions of the column bars. The bottom of the embedded bolt 7 can be ensured to be located at the upper row of the reinforcing steel bars 6 at the bottom of the grid.
b. And fixing the bottom row of steel bars 6 at the corresponding positions of the column bars in a welding mode, and ensuring that the upper surface positions of the bottom plate steel bars are overlapped with the bottom positions of the embedded bolts 7.
c. The diameter of the steel bar adopted by the bottom row steel bar 6 net is preferably more than or equal to phi 10mm
e. The bottom row of steel bars 6 net mainly plays a fixing role, and the embedded bolts 7 mainly bear the load and depend on the independent support system of the embedded bolts 7.
e. After the stirrups 8 at the upper parts of the column reinforcements are sleeved and gathered at the middle and upper parts, a top fixing system of the embedded bolts 7 is constructed.
4) Setting up a distance-fixing bracket:
i. 4 steel pipes are arranged as independent stable frame upright columns 5, the positions of the upright columns 5 are set according to the actual situation on site, but the distance between the upright columns 5 and the outer side of a foundation column is not more than 500mm, the steel pipes are used as horizontal pull rods 4 and cross braces outside the upright columns 5 to fix the distance between the upright columns 5 and ensure the stability of the upright columns 5, the steel pipes are connected and fixed by fasteners, the distance between the horizontal pull rods 4 and a foundation bearing platform in the first step is not more than 200mm, the distance is 1m above, and the height of the upright columns 5 is 300mm higher than the top of the foundation column;
ii. The upper end of the stabilizing frame body is provided with an upper horizontal cross arm 3 and a lower horizontal cross arm 3 in the longitudinal and transverse directions by steel pipes, the lower horizontal cross arm 3 and the uppermost horizontal pull rod 4 are in the same horizontal plane, and the horizontal cross arms are arranged by double steel pipes and used for clamping the foundation embedded bolts 7 and the fixed distance template 1;
iii, the height of the top surface of the upper horizontal cross arm 2 can be determined according to the actual conditions such as the height of a foundation column on a drawing, the height of a foundation column template with the screw thread leakage length of the foundation embedded bolt 7 and the like, but the top surface of the upper horizontal cross arm is not higher than the position 60mm below the top of the foundation embedded bolt 7;
iii, the top fixing system cannot be connected with the operation platform scaffold system and the foundation column template supporting system, and the independent stability of the system must be maintained;
5) installing a distance template 1 and embedded bolts 7:
(1) a single group of foundation embedded bolts 7 are fixed by a distance template 1, and the embedded bolts 7 are fixed up and down on the distance template 1 by nuts;
(2) and hoisting the fixed foundation embedded bolts 7 group to the corresponding foundation column by using a 25T crane, placing the foundation embedded bolts 7 group on the upper horizontal cross arm 2, installing the lower cross arm, clamping the embedded bolts 7 by using double steel pipes, correcting the positions, and fixing the cross arm and the horizontal pull rod 4. The cross arm and the horizontal pull rod 4 are fixed by steel strands, so that the position of the embedded bolt 7 can be conveniently adjusted. At the moment, the bottom of the embedded bolt 7 is just located on the installed bottom row of steel bars 6.
(3) A level is arranged on each of the four sides of the distance template 1. And simultaneously observing the water bubbles of the level ruler, and finely adjusting the adjustable bracket by a specially-assigned person. And after the horizontal bubbles on each side are centered, adjusting the plane position of the distance template 1 again. After the adjustment is correct, the four corners are additionally provided with the vertical rods and the cross rods. And (4) dismantling the adjustable support. The plane and horizontal displacement of the distance template 1 is re-checked again. If the error exists after rechecking, the positioning adjustment is carried out again.
6) Adjusting the top elevation and the verticality of the embedded bolt 7:
(1) and adjusting the top elevation of the embedded bolt 7, and after the embedded bolt 7 is in place, primarily adjusting the top elevation of the embedded bolt 7. One person observes that the gap between the embedded bolt 7 and the positioning hole is kept uniform and consistent at the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7, and the other person controls the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 by using a total station (or a level gauge) until the elevation is designed, and the other person rotates the nut at the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 until the nut and the plane of the distance template 1 are gapless.
(2) After the initial adjustment is finished, the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 is rechecked by using a total station (or a level gauge) again, and if the elevation is deviated, the elevation is finely adjusted by rotating a nut of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 until the control precision requirement is met.
(3) The sequence of adjusting the embedded bolts 7 is that the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 on the top of the quadrangular column is adjusted first, then the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 at the position of the middle column is adjusted, and the adjusting method is the same as the above.
(4) The elevation of the upper openings of the other column top embedded bolts 7 is based on the column top embedded bolts 7 which are adjusted in place. And the pull steel wire is used as a control line for marking the height of the upper opening of the embedded bolt 7 to adjust the rest of the embedded bolts 7.
(5) The position of the distance template and the verticality of the embedded bolt 7 are corrected by a measurer by using an instrument;
(6) after the position of the distance template is corrected, a horizontal cross rod and a horizontal pull rod of the fixing system are firmly fixed;
(7) and after the verticality of the embedded bolt 7 is corrected, welding and fixing the bottom of the embedded bolt 7 and the bottom row of reticular steel bars.
7) Assembling and welding: after the elevation and the verticality of the embedded bolt 7 are adjusted and checked to be correct, a professional welder fixes the distance template 1 and the upper horizontal cross arm 2 of the fixing system in a spot welding mode, the bottom of the embedded bolt 7 is welded with the upper horizontal cross arm 2 of the fixing system, and the embedded bolt 7 is fixed to be ensured to be space-invariant. And after the welding is finished, rechecking the elevation and the horizontal displacement again.
8) Pouring concrete:
(1) when concrete is poured and tamped, pump pipes, vibrating rods and the like are strictly forbidden to directly contact the embedded bolts 7 and the distance template 1, a worker looks at the template and focuses on strengthening the care of the embedded bolts at the top of the column, and the elevation and the axis dimension are measured in time in the pouring process.
(2) The embedded bolt is wrapped on the embedded bolt through a thin foam adhesive tape, the embedded bolt is not in contact with the positioning hole of the distance template 1, the gap is uniform, and the sleeve plate is convenient to disassemble and the screw thread is not damaged.
(3) After the concrete pouring is finished, relevant personnel are organized by technical and quality inspection departments to recheck the axis and elevation of the embedded bolt in time, and corresponding measures are taken to adjust in time if the error range is exceeded.
(4) And when the strength of the concrete reaches 50%, removing the distance template 1 for recycling.
The materials, equipment and materials in the construction process are adopted, the distance template 1 is customized in a factory, and the specific quantity is determined according to the construction requirement. The apparatus is shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Quality control in construction process
1) The variety, specification, performance and the like of the bolt meet the current national product standard and design requirements.
2) The construction tolerances should be as specified in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
Safety measures in construction process
According to relevant regulations of building installation safety operation rules, the following safety measures are made by combining the characteristics of construction:
1) the electric welding machine shell must be well grounded, the power supply needs to be disassembled and assembled by an electrician, and a separate switch needs to be arranged. The soldering pliers and the holding wire must be well insulated and firmly connected.
2) And fireproof measures are made, and fire hazard is avoided.
3) And carrying out detailed safety technology exchange on constructors and supervising and urging the constructors to be put into practice.
4) The site has obvious safety signs. The scaffold, formwork supports and uprights erected on site must not be removed and dismantled by any unauthorized person.
5) Enough illumination is needed during construction at night, so that the safety of construction personnel is guaranteed.
6) And after strong wind and rain pass, safety facilities are required to be comprehensively checked, and construction can be continued after hidden dangers are eliminated. 9 environmental protection measures
The technical scheme of the invention has no special environmental protection requirement, and mainly cleans the reinforcing steel bar head and the welding electrode at any time to complete the material and civilized construction.
Example benefit analysis
By adopting the distance template, the high precision of the embedded bolt is ensured. The total number of the engineering foundation columns is 417, the average size is 950 × 3800mm, the total number of the equipment foundation bolts is 3322, and the calculation is carried out according to the price of the information network and the journal of the manufacturing cost of Liaoning province:
the construction cost of a bolt bottom supporting system and a distance template in the traditional method is as follows:
a, each foundation column needs 4 upright columns phi 25 steel bars 2500mm long, the phi 25 steel bars are 4170m (2500 mm 4 x 417), cross arms phi 28 steel bars are 900mm long, and the phi 28 steel bars are 2627.1m (900 mm 7 x 417); the bottom spacer template was measured using a Q235B δ 8 steel plate 84.44m2 (450 × 450mm × 417 pieces).
And B, converting the weight of the steel, and summing up the manufacturing cost:
4170m 0.00385t/m 3750 element/t +2627.1m 0.00483t/m 3800 element/t +84.44m2 element 0.0628t/m2 element/t =129103.23 element (two decimal places are reserved)
Secondly, the bottom row steel bar fixing method is adopted for manufacturing the steel bar:
each foundation column needs 950mm long 13 pieces of phi 10 steel bars on average, and the length of the phi 10 steel bars is 5149.95 m. Through steel weight conversion, the manufacturing cost is as follows:
5149.95m 0.000617t/m 3800/t =122074.57 (two reserved decimal places)
And thirdly, the construction cost of the bolts by the traditional method is as follows:
the traditional method calculates the required construction period according to 15 kinds of woodworking construction: the foundation of each cracking furnace is 40 columns and 292 bolts, 7 days are needed from bolt construction to concrete pouring of each cracking furnace, and 56 days are needed for 8 cracking furnaces; the gas furnace requires 22 days for 1000 bolts.
To sum up, the manufacturing cost is:
260 yuan/day (56 + 22) days =304200 yuan for 15 persons
Fourthly, the construction bolt of the technical scheme of the invention has the following labor cost:
calculating the required construction period according to 15 woodworking constructions: the foundation of each cracking furnace is 40 columns and 292 bolts, each cracking furnace needs 3 days from bolt construction to concrete pouring, and 8 cracking furnaces need 24 days; the gas furnace requires 10 days for 1000 bolts.
To sum up, the manufacturing cost is:
15 people 260 yuan/day (24 + 10) days =132600 yuan
In conclusion: the material cost is saved to 117028.66 yuan (r-c)
The labor cost is saved by 171600 yuan (three to four)
The total cost saving by adopting the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: 288628.66 yuan.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the construction quality is ensured, the construction speed is accelerated, the working efficiency is improved, the labor and material expenses are saved, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
Application example 1
The Liaoning Baolai chemical project is located in the New district of Liaodong Bao in Panjin city, general Bao Unit: medium petrochemical fourth construction limited, design unit: china petrochemical engineering construction Co., Ltd. The number of embedded bolts of the engineering cracking furnace device reaches 2322, the number of gas furnace devices is 1000, the diameters are M42-M56, the method for constructing the bottom row of steel bars by adopting the distance templates and the method for constructing the bottom row of steel bars achieves high embedding precision and high construction speed, obtains good construction effect and is well praised by supervision and owners.
Application example two
The new 3# silo engineering of building of saddle thousand is located saddle thousand factories of choosing in Anshan city, and the construction unit: saddle steel group thousand mineral industry finial liability company, design unit: sedan Steel group mining design research Co., Ltd. The number of embedded engineering bolts is 1000, the diameters are M24-M42 different, distance template construction and bottom row steel bar construction methods are adopted, the quality is successfully guaranteed, the construction period is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the supervision and satisfaction and recognition of owners are obtained.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The installation and construction method of the high-precision embedded bolt at the column top is characterized in that an installation distance support is adopted to match with a bottom row of reinforcing meshes to serve as a fixing system of a distance support at the bottom of the embedded bolt during the construction of the embedded bolt, the installation and construction requirements of the high-precision embedded bolt at the column top are met, and the method comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) manufacturing a distance template;
2) measuring and positioning, namely measuring and confirming the elevation of the bottom position of the embedded bolt, and marking the corresponding positions of all the column reinforcements; binding a stirrup below an embedded line of the embedded bolt, checking a column bar after binding, and adjusting the verticality of the embedded bolt;
3) installing the embedded bolt bottom row reinforcing steel bars;
4) setting up a fixed-distance bracket;
5) installing a distance template and an embedded bolt;
6) adjusting the top elevation and the verticality of the embedded bolt;
7) Performing assembly welding, namely fixing the distance template and the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system in a spot welding manner, and welding the bottom of the embedded bolt and the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system to fix the position of the embedded bolt relative to the column bar;
8) and (5) pouring the concrete, and removing the distance template for recycling when the strength of the concrete reaches 50%.
2. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolts at the tops of the columns according to claim 1, wherein the step of installing the bottom rows of steel bars of the bolts in the step 3) is as follows:
a. manufacturing a latticed bottom row reinforcing mesh according to the positions of the embedded bolts and the cross-sectional sizes of the positions of the column ribs;
b. fixing the bottom row steel bars at corresponding positions of the column bars in a welding mode, and ensuring that the upper surface positions of the bottom row steel bars are overlapped with the bottom positions of the embedded bolts;
c. the diameter of the steel bar adopted in the bottom row of steel bar meshes is preferably more than or equal to phi 10 mm;
d. the bottom row of reinforcing steel bar nets mainly play a role in fixing, and bolts mainly bear the weight of a bolt fixing system;
e. and after the stirrups at the upper parts of the column reinforcements are sleeved and gathered at the middle-upper part, the bolt top fixing system is constructed.
3. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolt at the top of the column according to claim 1, wherein the process of erecting the installation distance bracket in the step 4) is as follows:
i. Arranging a steel pipe as an upright post for mounting a distance bracket;
ii. The upper end of the installation distance bracket is provided with an upper horizontal cross arm and a lower horizontal cross arm in the longitudinal and transverse directions by steel pipes, and the lower horizontal cross arm and the uppermost horizontal pull rod are in the same horizontal plane;
and iii, determining the height of the top surface of the upper horizontal cross arm according to the height of the foundation column, the external leakage length of the foundation bolt screw thread and the practical height of the foundation column template on the drawing, wherein the top surface of the upper horizontal cross arm is not higher than the position 60mm below the top of the foundation bolt.
4. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolt at the top of the column according to claim 1, wherein the specific operations of installing the distance templates and the embedded bolt in the step 5) are as follows:
1) fixing the single group of embedded bolts by using a distance template, and fixing the embedded bolts up and down on the distance template by using nuts; the center displacement deviation between adjacent bolts in the same group of embedded bolts on the distance template is less than or equal to 2 mm;
2) hoisting the fixed embedded bolt group to a corresponding foundation column, placing the embedded bolt group on an upper horizontal cross arm, and then mounting a lower cross arm, wherein the cross arm and the horizontal pull rod are fixed by steel strands;
3) placing a horizontal ruler on each of the four edges of the distance template, and adjusting the plane position of the distance template after the horizontal bubbles on each edge are centered; and after the adjustment is correct, rechecking the planeness and the horizontal displacement of the spacing template again, and if errors exist after rechecking, carrying out in-place adjustment again until the template is qualified, wherein the errors are less than +/-5 mm.
5. The column top high-precision embedded bolt installation construction method according to claim 1, wherein the operation method for adjusting the top elevation and the verticality of the embedded bolt in the step 6) comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the top elevation of the embedded bolt, and performing preliminary adjustment on the top elevation of the bolt after the embedded bolt is in place; one person observes that the gap between the bolt and the positioning hole is kept uniform and consistent at the upper opening of the embedded bolt, the other person controls the elevation of the upper opening of the bolt by using a total station or a level gauge, and after the elevation reaches the design elevation, one person rotates a nut at the upper opening of the embedded bolt until no gap exists between the nut and the plane of the distance template;
2) after the initial adjustment is finished, rechecking the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt by using a total station or a level gauge again, and if the elevation deviates, finely adjusting the elevation by rotating a nut at the upper opening of the embedded bolt until the control precision requirement is met;
3) the sequence of adjusting the embedded bolts is as follows: adjusting the elevation of the upper opening of the embedded bolt on the top of the quadrangular column, adjusting the elevation of the upper opening of the bolt at the position of the middle column, and adjusting the method in the same step 2);
4) the upper opening marks of the other post top bolts pass through the post top bolts which are adjusted in place as a reference, and a steel wire is pulled to serve as a control line for the upper opening marks of the bolts to adjust the other embedded bolts;
5) Calibrating the position of the distance template and the verticality of the embedded bolt by a measuring person by using an instrument;
6) after the position of the fixed distance template is corrected, a horizontal cross rod and a horizontal pull rod of the fixing system are firmly fixed;
7) after the verticality of the foundation bolt is corrected, the bottom of the foundation bolt and the bottom row of reticular steel bars are welded and fixed.
6. The column top high-precision embedded bolt installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation method of the step 7) of butt welding comprises the following steps: after the elevation and the verticality of the bolt are adjusted and checked to be correct, a special welder fixes the distance template and the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system in a spot welding mode, the bottom of the bolt is welded with the upper horizontal cross arm of the fixing system, and the position of the embedded bolt is fixed in space; and after the welding is finished, rechecking the elevation and the horizontal displacement again.
7. The column top high-precision embedded bolt installation and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete pouring in the step 8) comprises the following operation processes:
1) when concrete is poured and tamped, a pump pipe, a vibrating rod and the like are strictly forbidden to directly contact the embedded bolts and the fixed-distance template, a mould worker focuses on strengthening the care of the embedded bolts at the top of the column, and the elevation and the axis dimension are measured in time in the pouring process;
2) The embedded bolt is wrapped on the embedded bolt by adopting a thin foam adhesive tape, the embedded bolt is not in contact with the positioning hole of the distance template, the gap is uniform, the sleeve plate is convenient to remove, and the screw thread is not damaged;
3) after the concrete pouring is finished, organizing related personnel by technical and quality inspection departments to recheck the axis and elevation of the embedded bolt in time, and taking corresponding measures to adjust in time if the error range is exceeded;
4) and when the strength of the concrete reaches 50%, removing the distance template for recycling.
8. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolt at the top of the column according to claim 1, wherein the position of the column in the step 4) is set according to actual field conditions, but the distance between the column and the outer side of the foundation column is not more than 500mm, steel pipes are used as horizontal pull rods and cross braces on the outer side of the column to fix the interval between the column and ensure the stability of the column, the steel pipes are connected and fixed by fasteners, the distance between the first step of the horizontal pull rods and a foundation bearing platform is not more than 200mm, the distance is more than 1m, and the height of the column is 300mm higher than that of the top of the foundation column.
9. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolts at the top of the column according to claim 1, wherein the installation distance support comprises upright columns, upper horizontal cross arms, lower horizontal cross arms and horizontal pull rods, a plurality of pairs of the upper horizontal cross arms are arranged in parallel, a plurality of lower horizontal cross arms are vertically arranged below the upper horizontal cross arms, the distance between every two adjacent cross arms is +2mm, the upper horizontal cross arms and the lower horizontal cross arms are respectively connected through the horizontal pull rods and are fixedly connected with the four upright columns to form a stable space frame structure, the upper horizontal cross arms are connected with the distance templates in a matched mode, a set of installation positioning holes of the embedded bolts are formed in the distance templates, and the diameters of the installation positioning holes are +2 mm.
10. The method for installing and constructing the high-precision embedded bolt on the column top according to claim 9, wherein the upper horizontal cross arm and/or the lower horizontal cross arm are of a double-steel-pipe structure, and the distance between the double steel pipes is +2mm of the diameter of the embedded bolt.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116771133A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-19 | 北京市市政四建设工程有限责任公司 | Method for controlling installation accuracy of first-section steel column |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116771133A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-19 | 北京市市政四建设工程有限责任公司 | Method for controlling installation accuracy of first-section steel column |
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