CN117444140B - Secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould and preparation method of wax mould - Google Patents
Secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould and preparation method of wax mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN117444140B CN117444140B CN202311779365.4A CN202311779365A CN117444140B CN 117444140 B CN117444140 B CN 117444140B CN 202311779365 A CN202311779365 A CN 202311779365A CN 117444140 B CN117444140 B CN 117444140B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 263
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould and a preparation method of the wax mould, wherein an upper template and a lower template of the mould are clamped, a wax injection channel is formed on one side surface, a plurality of seed crystal turntable mounting channels are formed on the other side surface, and a polycrystalline test plate wax mould cavity is formed in the middle area; the seed crystal carousel is installed in seed crystal carousel installation passageway, and one portion of seed crystal is located the seed crystal carousel, and another portion is located polycrystalline test plate wax matrix die cavity. The method comprises the following steps: the upper template and the lower template are matched; respectively inserting a plurality of seed crystal turntables inserted with seed crystals into the seed crystal turntable mounting channels; sequentially adjusting the rotation angle of the seed crystal according to the sequence from left to right, observing the scale change pointed by the pointer, and screwing down the fixing bolt to fix the rotation angle; injecting wax material, pressing the wax mould to obtain the polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation. The invention can adjust the rotation angle of seed crystals and the number of seed crystals, thereby controlling the orientation difference of small-angle grain boundaries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision investment casting, and particularly relates to a polycrystalline test plate wax mold with controllable secondary orientation and a preparation method of the wax mold.
Background
It is known that the single crystal guide vane of an aeroengine is easy to form small-angle grain boundary defects in the directional solidification process due to the structural specificity of the single crystal guide vane, and the high-temperature performance of the single crystal superalloy is seriously damaged, which is also an important factor influencing the service life of the single crystal vane. In order to study the small-angle grain boundary defects, a polycrystalline test plate with controllable secondary orientation is required to be designed and used for simulating the influence of the grain boundary defects with different small angles on the mechanical properties of the material. Through the polycrystalline test plate, the grain orientation and distribution existing in an actual workpiece can be simulated, and the mechanical properties of the material under different grain orientations can be further researched.
At present, a design of a replaceable seed crystal groove is adopted for preparing the double-crystal or polycrystalline test plate, namely, a plurality of independent seed crystal inserting plates with fixed angles are prepared during the process of processing a die, and in the process of preparing the wax die, seed crystal arrangement with different secondary orientations is realized by changing the seed crystal inserting plates, so that the double-crystal or polycrystalline test plate with different small-angle grain boundaries is prepared. However, the method needs to process a plurality of independent seed crystal plugboards, has higher manufacturing cost and lower working efficiency, is easy to cause misuse or missing seed crystal plugboards and other conditions in the wax mould preparation process, is complex in operation and inconvenient to use, and can cause the reduction of mould precision due to the existence of tolerance between the seed crystal plugboards and the mould. Therefore, there is a need to develop a polycrystalline test plate wax pattern mold with controllable secondary orientation and a preparation method of the wax pattern, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention patent with application publication number of CN112974729A discloses a double-crystal blade wax mold combination method, which comprises the following steps: cutting seed crystals; pressing a double-crystal blade wax mould, putting two seed crystals into the double-crystal blade mould, adjusting the angles of the two seed crystals to enable the length directions of the two seed crystals to be parallel to the crystal growth direction, enabling the width directions of the two seed crystals to form a certain included angle, and enabling the size of the included angle to be in a direct proportion relation with the grain boundary orientation difference of the double-crystal blade; injecting wax into a double-crystal blade mould to press into a plurality of double-crystal blade wax moulds; a plurality of twin-crystal leaf wax patterns are combined. According to the technical scheme, aiming at preparing the bicrystal wax mould by the blade, at most two seed crystals are inserted, only one grain boundary is provided, and polycrystal is impossible to realize.
The invention patent with application publication number of CN114369864A discloses an assembling tool and a method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals, wherein a fixed bracket and a movable bracket are oppositely arranged at the top of a sliding rail base of the assembling tool, and the movable bracket is pushed forward to insert the heated seed crystals on a wax mould; the fixed support is provided with a fixed end four-jaw chuck, the movable support is provided with a rotatable four-jaw chuck, the rotatable four-jaw chuck is connected with the movable support through a bearing, and the fixed end four-jaw chuck corresponds to and is coaxial with the rotatable four-jaw chuck; one end of a horizontal seed crystal is arranged on the rotatable four-jaw chuck, and a heating ring is arranged outside the other end of the seed crystal; one end of the horizontal wax mould is arranged on the four-jaw clamping head of the fixed end, and the other end of the seed crystal corresponds to the other end of the wax mould. The method comprises the following steps: preparing seed crystals with specific directions; preparing a casting wax pattern, and fixing the wax pattern on a four-jaw clamping head at a fixed end; fixing seed crystal on rotatable four-jaw clamp, rotating crank to make pointer point to a certain angle of 0-360 deg. on dial; sleeving a heating ring around the outer side of the other end of the seed crystal, heating the seed crystal to 70-200 ℃, immediately opening a hasp connected with two semi-rings of the heating ring after the seed crystal reaches the temperature, pushing the movable support to move towards the fixed support, enabling the heated seed crystal to contact with the wax mould, melting the wax mould by utilizing the temperature of the seed crystal, enabling the seed crystal to be quickly inserted into the wax mould for 3-10mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax is cooled. According to the technical scheme, the wax mould is prepared firstly, then the seed crystal is heated and inserted into the wax mould, and the seed crystal is connected with the wax mould in the mode, so that the rotation angle of the seed crystal is easy to change, and the qualification rate of subsequent castings is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation, which comprises an upper template, a lower template, a seed crystal turntable and a seed crystal; the upper die plate and the lower die plate are matched, a wax injection channel is formed on one side surface, a plurality of seed crystal turntable mounting channels are formed on the other side surface corresponding to the side surface, and a polycrystal test plate wax die cavity is formed in the middle area; the seed crystal turntable is arranged in the seed crystal turntable mounting channel; and a part of the seed crystal is positioned in the seed crystal turntable, and the rest of the seed crystal is positioned in the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity.
Preferably, a plurality of positioning rods are arranged on the plate wall of the upper template, a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on the plate wall of the lower template, and each positioning rod is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole and is mutually embedded with the positioning hole.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, a plurality of hollow dials are arranged on the side surface of the lower template, which is positioned on the seed crystal turntable mounting channel, and a central hole of each hollow dial is communicated with the seed crystal turntable mounting channel corresponding to the hollow dials; the scale on the hollow dial is 0-360 degrees, and the scale interval is 0.5 degrees.
In any of the above aspects, it is preferable that one half of the wax injection passage, the seed turntable mounting passage, and the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity are located inside the upper die plate, and the other half is located inside the lower die plate.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the polycrystalline test plate wax mould cavity consists of a rectangular area and a plurality of triangular areas, and the vertex angle of each triangular area is communicated with the corresponding seed crystal turntable mounting channel.
In any one of the above schemes, preferably, the seed crystal is in a cuboid shape, the length of the seed crystal is 30-40mm, the width of the seed crystal is 2.5-3.5mm, and the height of the seed crystal is 1.5-2.5mm.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the seed crystal turntable comprises a pointer, a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, a connecting rod and a fixing bolt, wherein the pointer, the first fixed shaft and the second fixed shaft are sequentially and fixedly connected, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first fixed shaft, and the fixing bolt is arranged at the top of the connecting rod; a seed crystal groove is formed in the second fixed shaft, the seed crystal groove is in a cuboid shape, the length of the seed crystal groove is 15mm, the width and the height of the seed crystal groove are respectively equal to the width and the height of the seed crystal, and a part of the seed crystal is inserted into the seed crystal groove and is mutually embedded; the central axes of the first fixed shaft, the second fixed shaft and the seed crystal groove coincide, and the upper needle surface of the pointer passes through the end surface central point of the first fixed shaft and is parallel to the broadside of the seed crystal groove.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the secondary-orientation-controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
step one: selecting a single crystal test plate according to design requirements, and cutting a plurality of seed crystals on the single crystal test plate for standby according to the design requirements;
step two: respectively inserting a plurality of seed crystals into seed crystal grooves of a plurality of seed crystal rotating discs for standby;
step three: the lower template is horizontally placed on a wax pressing machine, a plurality of positioning rods on the upper template are respectively inserted into a plurality of positioning holes on the lower template corresponding to the lower template, mutual jogging between the positioning rods and the positioning holes is ensured, and at the moment, the upper template and the lower template are clamped;
step four: inserting a plurality of seed crystal turntables inserted with seed crystals into the seed crystal turntable mounting channels from the central holes of the hollow turntables corresponding to the seed crystal turntables respectively, so as to ensure mutual embedding between the seed crystal turntables and the seed crystal turntable mounting channels, wherein at the moment, one part of the seed crystals is positioned in a seed crystal groove of a second fixed shaft, and the rest part of the seed crystals is positioned in a triangular area of a polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity;
step five: sequentially adjusting the rotation angles of the seed crystals according to the sequence from left to right, rotating the seed crystal turntable according to the clockwise direction in the adjustment process, further driving the seed crystals to rotate, observing the scale change pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial, stopping rotating after the seed crystals rotate to the required rotation angle, screwing down the fixing bolts, and fixing the seed crystal turntable and the hollow dial;
step six: injecting wax into the cavity of the polycrystalline test plate wax mould through the wax injection channel, pressing the wax mould, and obtaining the polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation after the wax mould is pressed.
Preferably, in the first step, the included angle between the primary dendrite growth direction of the selected single crystal test plate and the length direction of the single crystal test plate is not more than 0.5 degrees; the length direction of the cut seed crystal is the primary dendrite growth direction, the width direction and the height direction of the single crystal test plate and the secondary dendrite growth direction of the single crystal test plate.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the fifth step, in the adjusting process, the wide edge of the seed crystal rotates around the central axis of the seed crystal groove and forms a certain angle with the central axis of the seed crystal groove, the angle is the rotation angle of the seed crystal, and the scale pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial is the rotation angle; the included angle between the broadsides of two adjacent seed crystals is in a proportional relation with the corresponding grain boundary angle on the polycrystalline test plate.
In any one of the above schemes, preferably, in the step six, in the wax mould pressing process, the heating temperature of the upper mould plate and the lower mould plate is 22-28 ℃, the mould closing pressure is 60-80bar, the wax temperature is 55-65 ℃, the wax flow is 25-35%, the injection pressure is 10-15bar, the injection time is 20-30s, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60s.
In the invention, the seed crystal is cut on the single crystal test plate by adopting the linear cutting technology, the linear cutting parameters used are the traditional parameters, no special requirements are made, the surface of the cut seed crystal is as smooth and flat as possible, and at least four seed crystals are arranged on one polycrystalline test plate. The minimum scale of the hollow scale is 0.5 degrees, so the rotation angle of the seed crystal can be accurate to 0.5 degrees. After the secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould is pressed, the secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate is prepared by adopting a traditional mould assembling process, a traditional mould shell preparation process and a traditional directional solidification process, and technological parameters of each stage are not particularly limited. In the directional solidification process, the crystal of the polycrystalline test plate grows along the crystal orientation of the seed crystal, and a plurality of grain boundaries are formed in the middle of the polycrystalline test plate finally; since the rotation angles of the seed crystals are different, the crystals at the two sides of the grain boundary have orientation differences in the growth process, and the magnitude of the orientation differences depends on the angle difference of rotation of the adjacent two seed crystals.
The polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation and the preparation method of the wax mould have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The orientation difference of the small-angle grain boundary can be accurately controlled by controlling the rotation angle of the seed crystal. In the directional solidification process, crystals grow along the direction of the seed crystal, so that heat flow on the solid-liquid interface of the casting keeps single-direction flow, and the solidification interface of crystal growth advances along one direction. The front region of the solidification interface needs to maintain a positive temperature gradient to prevent the occurrence of other nucleation.
(2) The rotation angle of the seed crystals and the number of the seed crystals can be adjusted, so that a plurality of seed crystals can be respectively rotated by a specific angle, and the preparation of the polycrystalline test plate is more flexible. Based on the directional solidification theory, the problem that the orientation of the small-angle grain boundary of the polycrystalline test plate is poor and cannot be flexibly adjusted and accurately controlled is solved by combining the directional solidification casting test.
(3) The preparation of the polycrystalline test plate is simpler and more efficient, the control requirements on the size, the performance and the grain orientation of the polycrystalline test plate can be met, meanwhile, the accurate control of the poor orientation of the small-angle grain boundary can be realized, and the single crystal integrity is excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper plate in a preferred embodiment of a secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax pattern mold in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the upper plate of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower plate in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the lower plate of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed turret of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the seed turret of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1 after insertion of a seed crystal into a seed groove of a seed crystal turntable;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower template of FIG. 1 after insertion of a seed turret into a seed turret mounting channel;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the lower template of the embodiment of FIG. 1 after insertion of a seed turret within a seed turret mounting channel;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the lower template of the embodiment of FIG. 1 after insertion of a seed turret within a seed turret mounting channel;
FIG. 11 is a photograph of a polycrystalline test panel with multiple low angle grain boundaries prepared according to the example shown in FIG. 1.
The reference numerals in the drawings indicate:
the device comprises a 1-upper template, a 11-wax injection channel, a 12-seed crystal turntable mounting channel, a 13-polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity, a 14-rectangular area, a 15-triangular area and a 16-positioning rod;
the device comprises a lower die plate 2, a wax injection channel 21, a seed crystal turntable mounting channel 22, a polycrystalline test plate wax die cavity 23, a rectangular area 24, a triangular area 25, a positioning hole 26 and a hollow dial 27;
3-seed crystal turntables, 31-pointers, 32-first fixed shafts, 33-second fixed shafts, 34-connecting rods, 35-fixed bolts, 36-seed crystal grooves and 37-upper needle surfaces;
4-seed crystal.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a preferred embodiment of a secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline trial plate wax pattern mold according to the present invention includes an upper plate 1, a lower plate 2, a seed turntable 3, and a seed crystal 4; the upper die plate 1 and the lower die plate 2 are clamped, a wax injection channel 11 (21) is formed on one side surface, four seed crystal turntable mounting channels 12 (22) are formed on the other side surface corresponding to the side surface, and a polycrystalline test plate wax die cavity 13 (23) is formed in the middle area; the seed crystal turntable 3 is mounted in the seed crystal turntable mounting passage 12 (22); a portion of the seed crystal 4 is located in the seed crystal turntable 3, and the remaining portion of the seed crystal 4 is located in the polycrystalline test plate wax pattern cavity 13 (23).
Five positioning rods 16 are arranged on the plate wall of the upper template 1, five positioning holes 26 are arranged on the plate wall of the lower template 2, and each positioning rod 16 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole 26 and is mutually embedded.
Four hollow dials 27 are arranged on the side surface of the lower die plate 2, which is positioned on the seed crystal turntable mounting channel 12 (22), and the central hole of each hollow dial 27 is communicated with the corresponding seed crystal turntable mounting channel 12 (22); the scale on the hollow dial 27 is 0-360 degrees, and the scale interval is 0.5 degrees.
Half of the wax injection channel 11 (21), the seed crystal turntable mounting channel 12 (22) and the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity 13 (23) are positioned in the upper template 1, and the other half is positioned in the lower template 2.
The polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity 13 (23) consists of a rectangular area 14 (24) and four triangular areas 15 (25), and the vertex angle of each triangular area 15 (25) is communicated with the corresponding seed crystal turntable mounting channel 12 (22).
The seed crystal 4 is in a cuboid shape, and has a length of 35mm, a width of 3mm and a height of 2mm.
The seed crystal turntable 3 comprises a pointer 31, a first fixed shaft 32, a second fixed shaft 33, a connecting rod 34 and a fixed bolt 35, wherein the pointer 31, the first fixed shaft 32 and the second fixed shaft 33 are sequentially and fixedly connected, the connecting rod 34 is fixedly connected with the first fixed shaft 32, and the fixed bolt 35 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 34; a seed crystal groove 36 is formed in the second fixed shaft 33, the seed crystal groove 36 is in a cuboid shape, the length of the seed crystal groove 36 is 15mm, the width and the height of the seed crystal groove are respectively equal to the width and the height of the seed crystal 4, and a part of the seed crystal 4 is inserted into the seed crystal groove 36 and is mutually embedded; the central axes of the first fixed shaft 32, the second fixed shaft 33 and the seed groove 36 are coincident, and the upper needle surface 37 of the pointer 31 passes through the center point of the end surface of the first fixed shaft 32 and is parallel to the wide side of the seed groove 36.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
step one: selecting a single crystal test plate according to design requirements, and cutting a plurality of seed crystals on the single crystal test plate for standby according to the design requirements;
step two: selecting four seed crystals to be respectively inserted into seed crystal grooves of the four seed crystal turntables for standby;
step three: the lower die plate is horizontally placed on a wax pressing machine, five positioning rods on the upper die plate are respectively inserted into five positioning holes on the lower die plate corresponding to the lower die plate, mutual jogging between the positioning rods and the positioning holes is ensured, and the upper die plate and the lower die plate are clamped at the moment;
step four: the four seed crystal turntables inserted with seed crystals are respectively inserted into the seed crystal turntable mounting channels from the central holes of the hollow turntables corresponding to the seed crystal turntables, so that mutual embedding between the seed crystal turntables and the seed crystal turntable mounting channels is ensured, at the moment, one part of the seed crystals is positioned in a seed crystal groove of the second fixed shaft, and the rest part of the seed crystals is positioned in a triangular area of the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity;
step five: sequentially adjusting the rotation angles of the seed crystals according to the sequence from left to right, rotating the seed crystal turntable according to the clockwise direction in the adjustment process, further driving the seed crystals to rotate, observing the scale change pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial, stopping rotating after the seed crystals rotate to the required rotation angle, screwing down the fixing bolts, and fixing the seed crystal turntable and the hollow dial;
step six: injecting wax into the cavity of the polycrystalline test plate wax mould through the wax injection channel, pressing the wax mould, and obtaining the polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation after the wax mould is pressed.
In the first step, the included angle between the primary dendrite growth direction of the selected single crystal test plate and the length direction of the single crystal test plate is not more than 0.5 degrees; the length direction of the cut seed crystal is the primary dendrite growth direction, the width direction and the height direction of the single crystal test plate and the secondary dendrite growth direction of the single crystal test plate.
In the fifth step, in the adjustment process, the wide edge of the seed crystal rotates around the central axis of the seed crystal groove and forms a certain angle with the central axis of the seed crystal groove, wherein the angle is the rotation angle of the seed crystal, and the scale pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial is the rotation angle; the included angle between the broadsides of two adjacent seed crystals is in a proportional relation with the corresponding grain boundary angle on the polycrystalline test plate. In this embodiment, a first seed crystal, a second seed crystal, a third seed crystal and a fourth seed crystal are sequentially arranged from left to right, and the rotation angles of the four seed crystals are 0 °, 6 °,12 ° and 18 °, respectively.
In the sixth step, in the wax pattern pressing process, the heating temperature of the upper die plate and the lower die plate is 25 ℃, the die closing pressure is 70bar, the wax temperature is 60 ℃, the wax flow is 30%, the injection pressure is 12bar, the injection time is 25s, and the pressure maintaining time is 45s.
In this embodiment, a wire-electrode cutting technique is used to cut seed crystals on a single crystal test plate, and the wire-electrode cutting parameters used are conventional parameters, so that no special requirements are made, and the surface of the cut seed crystals is as smooth and flat as possible. The minimum scale of the hollow scale is 0.5 degrees, so the rotation angle of the seed crystal can be accurate to 0.5 degrees. After the secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould is pressed, the secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate is prepared by adopting a traditional mould assembling process, a traditional mould shell preparation process and a traditional directional solidification process, and technological parameters of each stage are not particularly limited. In the directional solidification process, the crystal of the polycrystalline test plate grows along the crystal orientation of the seed crystal, and a plurality of grain boundaries are formed in the middle of the polycrystalline test plate finally; since the rotation angles of the seed crystals are different, the crystals at the two sides of the grain boundary have orientation differences in the growth process, and the magnitude of the orientation differences depends on the angle difference of rotation of the adjacent two seed crystals.
In the embodiment, about 3kg of third-generation nickel-base single crystal superalloy DD429 master alloy ingot is adopted for casting, and finally, a polycrystalline test plate with small-angle grain boundary orientation differences of 6 DEG, 12 DEG and 18 DEG is prepared, as shown in FIG. 11, wherein black arrows indicate small-angle grain boundaries.
The polycrystalline test plate wax mold with controllable secondary orientation and the preparation method of the wax mold have the following beneficial effects: the orientation difference of the small-angle grain boundary can be accurately controlled by controlling the rotation angle of the seed crystal; the rotation angle of the seed crystals and the number of the seed crystals can be adjusted, so that a plurality of seed crystals can be respectively rotated by a specific angle, and the preparation of the polycrystalline test plate is more flexible; the preparation of the polycrystalline test plate is simpler and more efficient, the control requirements on the size, the performance and the grain orientation of the polycrystalline test plate can be met, meanwhile, the accurate control of the poor orientation of the small-angle grain boundary can be realized, and the single crystal integrity is excellent.
In addition, the preparation method of the polycrystalline test plate wax mould with controllable secondary orientation and the wax mould is suitable for seed crystals (at least four) with different numbers and different rotation angles, the technical effect of the embodiment can be achieved as long as the operation is performed according to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the method is suitable for the seed crystals with the length of 30-40mm, the width of 2.5-3.5mm and the height of 1.5-2.5mm, and the method is also suitable for the heating temperature of the upper mould plate and the lower mould plate in the wax mould pressing process of 22-28 ℃, the mould closing pressure of 60-80bar, the wax temperature of 55-65 ℃, the wax flow rate of 25-35%, the injection pressure of 10-15bar, the injection time of 20-30s and the pressure maintaining time of 30-60s.
The specific description is as follows: the technical scheme of the invention relates to a plurality of parameters, and the beneficial effects and remarkable progress of the invention can be obtained by comprehensively considering the synergistic effect among the parameters. In addition, the value ranges of all the parameters in the technical scheme are obtained through a large number of tests, and aiming at each parameter and the mutual combination of all the parameters, the inventor records a large number of test data, and the specific test data are not disclosed herein for a long period of time.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax pattern mold and the method for producing a wax pattern of the present invention include any combination of the above-described aspects of the present invention and the detailed description of the present invention and the various parts shown in the drawings, and are limited in length and are not described in detail in order to simplify the description. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a controllable polycrystalline test board wax matrix utensil of secondary orientation which characterized in that: comprises an upper template, a lower template, a seed crystal turntable and seed crystals; the upper die plate and the lower die plate are matched, a wax injection channel is formed on one side surface, a plurality of seed crystal turntable mounting channels are formed on the other side surface corresponding to the side surface, and a polycrystal test plate wax die cavity is formed in the middle area; the seed crystal turntable is arranged in the seed crystal turntable mounting channel; a part of the seed crystal is positioned in the seed crystal turntable, and the rest of the seed crystal is positioned in the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity;
a plurality of hollow dials are arranged on the side surface of the seed crystal turntable mounting channel on the lower template, and the center hole of each hollow dial is communicated with the seed crystal turntable mounting channel corresponding to the hollow dial; the scale on the hollow dial is 0-360 degrees, and the scale interval is 0.5 degrees;
the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity consists of a rectangular area and a plurality of triangular areas, and the vertex angle of each triangular area is communicated with the corresponding seed crystal turntable mounting channel;
the seed crystal turntable comprises a pointer, a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, a connecting rod and a fixing bolt, wherein the pointer, the first fixed shaft and the second fixed shaft are sequentially and fixedly connected, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first fixed shaft, and the fixing bolt is arranged at the top of the connecting rod; a seed crystal groove is formed in the second fixed shaft, the seed crystal groove is in a cuboid shape, the length of the seed crystal groove is 15mm, the width and the height of the seed crystal groove are respectively equal to the width and the height of the seed crystal, and a part of the seed crystal is inserted into the seed crystal groove and is mutually embedded; the central axes of the first fixed shaft, the second fixed shaft and the seed crystal groove coincide, and the upper needle surface of the pointer passes through the end surface central point of the first fixed shaft and is parallel to the wide edge of the seed crystal groove;
preparing a secondary-orientation-controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould by adopting the secondary-orientation-controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould, and sequentially comprising the following steps of:
step one: selecting a single crystal test plate according to design requirements, and cutting a plurality of seed crystals on the single crystal test plate for standby according to the design requirements;
step two: respectively inserting a plurality of seed crystals into seed crystal grooves of a plurality of seed crystal rotating discs for standby;
step three: the lower template is horizontally placed on a wax pressing machine, a plurality of positioning rods on the upper template are respectively inserted into a plurality of positioning holes on the lower template corresponding to the lower template, mutual jogging between the positioning rods and the positioning holes is ensured, and at the moment, the upper template and the lower template are clamped;
step four: inserting a plurality of seed crystal turntables inserted with seed crystals into the seed crystal turntable mounting channels from the central holes of the hollow turntables corresponding to the seed crystal turntables respectively, so as to ensure mutual embedding between the seed crystal turntables and the seed crystal turntable mounting channels, wherein at the moment, one part of the seed crystals is positioned in a seed crystal groove of a second fixed shaft, and the rest part of the seed crystals is positioned in a triangular area of a polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity;
step five: sequentially adjusting the rotation angles of the seed crystals according to the sequence from left to right, rotating the seed crystal turntable according to the clockwise direction in the adjustment process, further driving the seed crystals to rotate, observing the scale change pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial, stopping rotating after the seed crystals rotate to the required rotation angle, screwing down the fixing bolts, and fixing the seed crystal turntable and the hollow dial;
step six: injecting wax into the cavity of the polycrystalline test plate wax mold through the wax injection channel, pressing the wax mold, and after the pressing of the wax mold is finished, preparing the polycrystalline test plate wax mold with controllable secondary orientation;
in the fifth step, in the adjustment process, the wide edge of the seed crystal rotates around the central axis of the seed crystal groove and forms a certain angle with the central axis of the seed crystal groove, wherein the angle is the rotation angle of the seed crystal, and the scale pointed by the pointer on the hollow dial is the rotation angle; the included angle between the broadsides of two adjacent seed crystals is in a proportional relation with the corresponding grain boundary angle on the polycrystalline test plate.
2. The secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mold according to claim 1, wherein: the plate wall of the upper template is provided with a plurality of positioning rods, the plate wall of the lower template is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, each positioning rod is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole, and the positioning rods are mutually embedded.
3. The secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mold according to claim 2, wherein: and one half of the wax injection channel, the seed crystal turntable mounting channel and the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity are positioned in the upper template, and the other half of the wax injection channel, the seed crystal turntable mounting channel and the polycrystalline test plate wax mold cavity are positioned in the lower template.
4. A secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test panel wax mold according to claim 3, wherein: the seed crystal is in a cuboid shape, and has a length of 30-40mm, a width of 2.5-3.5mm and a height of 1.5-2.5mm.
5. The secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mold of claim 4, wherein: in the first step, the included angle between the primary dendrite growth direction of the selected single crystal test plate and the length direction of the single crystal test plate is not more than 0.5 degrees; the length direction of the cut seed crystal is the primary dendrite growth direction, the width direction and the height direction of the single crystal test plate and the secondary dendrite growth direction of the single crystal test plate.
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