CN117428210A - Multi-laser selective fusion lapping method - Google Patents

Multi-laser selective fusion lapping method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117428210A
CN117428210A CN202311753703.7A CN202311753703A CN117428210A CN 117428210 A CN117428210 A CN 117428210A CN 202311753703 A CN202311753703 A CN 202311753703A CN 117428210 A CN117428210 A CN 117428210A
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Prior art keywords
laser
grid
grids
area
stress
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CN202311753703.7A
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CN117428210B (en
Inventor
黄文静
梁恩泉
张仲桢
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Commercial Aircraft Corp of China Ltd
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Commercial Aircraft Corp of China Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method, which comprises the following steps: providing two or more lasers; determining the width of the part to be printed in the laser lapping area and the width of the laser lapping area; according to the actual use working condition and stress characteristics of the part to be printed, the stress direction and/or the stress size in the laser overlap area are defined, and the part of the part to be printed in the laser overlap area is divided into two or more grids; the grids are allocated to the lasers in such a manner that any one of all grids is allocated a different laser than the laser allocated to the grid adjacent to the grid; and setting the scanning path of the laser distributed by the grid in the grid as a zigzag shape. The multi-laser selective fusion lapping method can effectively reduce the internal stress of the additive manufactured product in the laser lapping area, and improve the consistency of the structure and mechanical properties of the part in the multi-laser lapping area and the single-laser scanning area.

Description

Multi-laser selective fusion lapping method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method. More particularly, the invention relates to a multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method for reducing internal stress.
Background
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is used as a representative of metal additive manufacturing technology, can realize integrated high-precision forming of complex metal parts, has the advantages of free design, short manufacturing period, high material utilization rate, cost reduction, weight reduction, strong curved surface expression and the like, and is widely applied to aircrafts and spacecrafts. At present, home and abroad enterprises such as middle aviation industry, astronautics, middle ship heavy industry, GE, air passenger, peak racing and the like start to use the selective laser melting products even on a large scale.
In recent years, in order to further break through the limitations of the selective laser melting technology in terms of production speed, manufacturing cost, and size of formable parts, a novel selective laser melting apparatus is generally used in which two or more lasers are arranged in one apparatus, and the entire printing plane is divided into a plurality of forming areas to be formed separately, so that the printing speed can be increased by a multiple and the printing range can be enlarged.
Currently, selective laser melting equipment equipped with multiple lasers typically employs a relatively simple hard transition approach. As shown in fig. 1, there is shown a lap zone 2 formed between the forming zones 1 of two lasers. This process determines that there is a natural overlap in the overlap region 2 between the forming regions 1 of the two lasers, so that when forming large-sized parts, overlap regions 2 with a width of 1mm to 50mm (i.e. overlapping portions of the forming regions 1 scanned by different laser heads) are often present at the overlap between the lasers. In this overlap region 2, the metallographic structure, the local properties, the macroscopic appearance of the shaped body are all significantly different from those of the non-overlap region.
Specifically, the misalignment of the laser beams causes dimensional errors and edge misalignment at joints, and as a result, the formed large-size part has obvious non-uniformity in macroscopic surface morphology and microscopic structure of the lap joint area 2 and the non-lap joint area, so that the structure of the lap joint area 2 is discontinuous, the internal stress is increased, crack initiation and propagation are easily initiated by stress concentration, and further, the part is failed before the design service life, and related applications are limited.
Particularly, for the large-size material-increasing manufactured parts for civil aircrafts, materials and manufacturing processes of the products are required to maintain high stability and consistency in the forming process of the parts due to the product design criteria of long service life, controlled whole process, high reliability and consistency of the civil aircrafts, and consistency and stability of microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials can be realized on the basis, so that local stress and flaws of the products can be effectively reduced, and long-term reliability of the large-size material-increasing manufactured parts for civil aircrafts is improved.
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a multi-laser selective fusion lapping method, which effectively reduces the internal stress of an additive manufactured product in a laser lapping area, and improves the consistency of the structure and the mechanical property of a part in the multi-laser lapping area and a single laser scanning area so as to better meet the consistency requirements of large-size parts on the technological process and the material characteristics of the product, thereby solving the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-laser selective fusion lapping method which is used for improving the consistency of the tissue and mechanical properties of parts in a multi-laser lapping area and a single-laser scanning area.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method is provided, comprising the following steps:
(i) Providing two or more lasers;
(ii) Determining the part of the part to be printed in the laser lapping area and the width of the laser lapping area;
(iii) According to the actual use working condition and stress characteristics of the part to be printed, the stress direction and/or the stress size in the laser overlap area are defined, and the part of the part to be printed in the laser overlap area is divided into two or more grids;
(iv) The grids are allocated to the lasers in such a manner that any one of all grids is allocated a different laser than the laser allocated to the grid adjacent to the grid; and
(v) The scanning path of the laser allocated to the grid in the grid is set to be zigzag.
In the case of only two lasers, the "laser assigned to any one of the grids is different from the laser assigned to the grid adjacent to that grid" is a checkerboard-like cross arrangement, i.e., a first laser is assigned to one grid and a second laser is assigned to the other four grids adjacent to that grid.
In the case where there are three or more lasers, "lasers assigned to any one of all grids are different from lasers assigned to grids adjacent to the grid" is not limited to the aforementioned checkerboard arrangement.
For example, in the case of three lasers, in the case of assigning a first laser to a certain grid, a second laser or a third laser may be assigned to the other four grids adjacent to the grid. In the case where there are four lasers, in the case where a first laser is assigned to a certain grid, any one of the second laser, the third laser, and the fourth laser may be assigned to the other four grids adjacent to the grid, as long as any one of all grids is assigned a laser different from the laser assigned to the grid adjacent to the grid. The total number of such allocations will increase exponentially as the number of lasers increases.
The term "zig-zag" describes a common way of travelling the scanning path of the laser beam within the grid. Specifically, the laser beam moves back and forth within the grid, and each movement is offset from the previous movement by an angle, forming a "kanji-like" path of travel in the grid.
The technical scheme effectively solves the problems of large temperature gradient, uneven internal stress distribution and the like caused by overlong single laser scanning path, and improves the tissue uniformity and the surface evenness of the lap joint area.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (ii), the width of the laser overlap region is determined according to the dimensions of the part to be printed and/or the magnitude of the stress in the laser overlap region.
In particular, the width of the laser overlap region is related to the equipment forming bin size, part size, and stress distribution under actual conditions, and the width of the laser overlap region is preferably 2-20 mm. The larger the part size, the larger the width of the laser lap zone is relatively; the greater the stress to which the tissue of the laser lap zone is subjected, the greater the width of the laser lap zone is relatively. That is, the width of the laser overlap region is directly proportional to the size of the part to be printed and/or the magnitude of the stress in the laser overlap region.
In a further preferred embodiment, in step (iii), the parallel line direction of the grid is at an angle of 30-60 degrees to the stress direction. More preferably, the parallel line direction of the grid forms an angle of 45 degrees with the stress direction.
In a further preferred embodiment, in step (iii), the area of the mesh is 0.04-1 mm 2 The individual areas of the grids are directly proportional to the magnitude of the stress in the laser lap zone, and the number of grids is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the stress in the laser lap zone.
Specifically, "the single area of the grid is proportional to the stress level in the laser lap region" means that the region with greater stress has a smaller number of grids and the region with smaller stress has a larger number of grids. For example, for a material with a local stress level of 40% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the area of the individual cells is preferably 0.16mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For a material with a local stress level of 50% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the area of the individual cells is preferably 0.25mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For a material with a local stress level of 60% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the area of the individual cells is preferably 0.36mm 2 。
In another preferred embodiment, in step (v), the scan path angle of two adjacent grids is between 45 ° and 135 °.
As previously described, the scanning paths of the lasers within the grid to which the grid is assigned are arranged in a zig-zag. The scan path angle described above is a further definition of a zig-zag scan path, e.g. the scan path angle of two adjacent ones of the grids is preferably between 75 ° and 105 °.
Preferably, in step (v), the start point of the scan path within a grid is opposite to the end point of the scan path within an adjacent grid of the grid.
Preferably, in step (v), the laser lap area is scanned in a layered staggered manner, wherein the scan path of each layer is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by a predetermined angle, wherein the predetermined angle is 2 ° to 5 °.
The multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method provided by the invention can obtain the following advantages:
(i) By distributing the regions, the problems of large temperature gradient and uneven internal stress distribution caused by overlong single laser scanning path are effectively avoided, and the tissue uniformity and the surface flatness of the lap joint region are improved;
(ii) By designing the scanning path, the unfused defects and residual stress at the checkerboard juncture of the lap joint area can be reduced, and deformation cracking is reduced.
Drawings
In order to further illustrate the technical effects of the multiple laser selective fusion lap method according to the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a lap zone formed between two laser formed interface zones;
FIG. 2 shows a layout of zone allocation in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a design of a scan path in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a layout of region allocation in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a design of a scan path in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a layout of region allocation in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows a design of a scan path in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a layout of region allocation in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to a third embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 9 shows a design of a scan path in a multi-laser selective fusion splicing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a forming region;
11-14 first to fourth forming zones;
2. a laser lap joint region;
3. a grid;
31-39 first through ninth grids.
Detailed Description
The steps and technical effects of the multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method according to the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are intended to cover only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments described in the specification.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the invention and the claims and the foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the general principle of region allocation and scan path design in a multiple laser selective melt lap method according to the present invention.
The multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(i) Providing two or more lasers;
(ii) Determining the part of the part to be printed in the laser lapping area and the width of the laser lapping area;
(iii) According to the actual use working condition and stress characteristics of the part to be printed, the stress direction and/or the stress size in the laser overlap area are defined, and the part of the part to be printed in the laser overlap area is divided into two or more grids;
(iv) The grids are allocated to the lasers in such a manner that any one of all grids is allocated a different laser than the laser allocated to the grid adjacent to the grid; and
(v) The scanning path of the laser allocated to the grid in the grid is set to be zigzag.
As shown in fig. 2, in the case of two lasers, the multiple laser selective fusion lap method according to the present invention allocates lasers to each grid in a cross arrangement such as a checkerboard. The overlap region 2 shown in fig. 2 is divided into 3×5 grids 3, wherein a first row of 5 grids 3 is sequentially allocated to a first laser (shown in a pattern of a plurality of diagonal lines), a second laser (shown in a pattern of a plurality of square lines), a first laser, a second laser, and a first laser from left to right, a second row of 5 grids 3 is sequentially allocated to a second laser, a first laser, and a first laser from left to right, and so on. In summary, the first laser and the second laser are assigned to the respective grids in such a manner that the laser assigned to any one of all grids is different from the laser assigned to the grid adjacent to the grid.
After the lasers are allocated to the respective grids, the scanning paths of the lasers in each grid are designed, wherein the scanning paths and directions of the first laser in the grid are shown by solid lines with arrows, and the scanning paths and directions of the second laser in the grid are shown by broken lines with arrows, as shown in fig. 3. The scanning paths of the lasers distributed by the grids in the grids are arranged in a zigzag manner, wherein the included angle of the scanning paths of two adjacent grids is between 45 and 135 degrees, preferably between 75 and 105 degrees. In addition, the scan path may be further designed such that the start point within a grid is opposite the end point of the scan path within an adjacent grid.
On the other hand, if the overlap region 2 is composed of a plurality of stacked layer materials, a layered interlaced scanning pattern may be employed between each layer, i.e. the scan path of each layer is rotated clockwise or counter-clockwise compared to the adjacent layer by an angle, preferably 2 ° to 5 °. This reduces unfused defects and residual stress at the checkerboard interface in the overlap area, reducing distortion cracking. The track distance between the scanning paths is 1-1.5 times of the diameter of the light spot, a certain remelting area is ensured, and the occurrence probability of unfused and poor fusion defects is reduced.
(first embodiment)
Fig. 4 and 5 show schematic diagrams of the distribution of regions and the design of scan paths in a multi-laser selective fusion splicing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
A first embodiment according to the invention relates to a distribution and scanning scheme in the overlap area when a twin laser is shaping a Ti-6Al-4V part for an SLM device. The overlap region 2 is between a first shaped region 11 of the first laser and a second shaped region 12 of the second laser. Because the local working condition stress of the part in the lap joint area 2 is 50% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the side length of a single square grid is designed to be 0.5mm. The allocated grids are arranged in a 3 x 6, i.e. three rows and six columns, manner. The column of the grid is represented by the subscript number of X, and the row of the grid is represented by the subscript number of Y.
As shown in FIG. 4, X 2 Y 1、 X 1 Y 2、 X 3 Y 2、 X 2 Y 3、 X 1 Y 4、 X 3 Y 4、 X 2 Y 5、 X 1 Y 6、 X 3 Y 6 The nine grids are assigned to a first laser (shown in a pattern of multiple squares), X 1 Y 1、 X 3 Y 1、 X 2 Y 2、 X 1 Y 3、 X 3 Y 3、 X 2 Y 4、 X 1 Y 5、 X 3 Y 5、 X 2 Y 6 The nine grids are assigned to the second laser (represented by a pattern of multiple diagonal lines). It follows that any one of the grids is assigned a different laser than the grid adjacent to that grid.
Fig. 5 shows the scan paths designed for the respective grids 31, 32, 33 and 34, it being seen that the solid lines with arrows represent the scan paths and directions of the first laser, the dashed lines with arrows represent the scan paths and directions of the second laser, wherein the scan paths of the second laser in the first grid 31 form an angle of 135 ° with the scan paths of the first laser in the second grid 32, the scan paths of the first laser in the second grid 32 form an angle of 135 ° with the scan paths of the second laser in the third grid 33, the scan paths of the second laser in the third grid 33 form an angle of 45 ° with the scan paths of the first laser in the fourth grid 34, and the scan paths of the first laser in the fourth grid 34 form an angle of 45 ° with the scan paths of the second laser in the first grid 31.
Furthermore, the overlap region layer is rotated 2 ° clockwise from layer to layer, and the track pitch between the scan paths is 1 x the spot diameter.
(second embodiment)
Fig. 6 and 7 show schematic diagrams of the distribution of regions and the design of scan paths, respectively, in a multi-laser selective fusion splicing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
A second embodiment according to the invention relates to the allocation and scanning scheme of four lasers in the overlap area when shaping almgscz parts for SLM devices. The overlap region 2 is between a first forming region 11 of the first laser, a second forming region 12 of the second laser, a third forming region 13 of the third laser and a fourth forming region 14 of the fourth laser. Because the local working condition stress of the part in the lap joint area 2 is 60% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the side length of a single square grid is designed to be 0.6mm. The assigned grids are arranged in 3 x 3, i.e. three rows and three columns. The column of the grid is represented by the subscript number of X, and the row of the grid is represented by the subscript number of Y.
As shown in FIG. 6, X 1 Y 1、 X 3 Y 2、 X 2 Y 3 The three grids are assigned to a first laser (represented by a pattern of multiple squares), X 3 Y 1、 X 1 Y 2 The two grids are assigned to a second laser (represented by a pattern of multiple diagonal lines), X 3 Y 3、 X 2 Y 1 The two grids are assigned to a third laser (represented by a pattern of diamonds), X 1 Y 3、 X 2 Y 2 These two grids are assigned to a fourth laser (represented in a pattern of a plurality of brick shapes). It follows that any one of the grids is assigned a different laser than the grid adjacent to that grid.
Fig. 7 shows the scan paths designed for the respective grids 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39, it can be seen that the solid line with the arrow indicates the scan path and direction of the first laser, the dashed line with the arrow indicates the scan path and direction of the second laser, the dashed line with the arrow indicates the scan path and direction of the fourth laser, the dashed double-dot-dash line with the arrow indicates the scan path and direction of the fourth laser, wherein the scan path of the second laser in the first grid 31 forms an angle of 135 ° with the scan path of the third laser in the second grid 32, the scan path of the third laser in the second grid 32 forms an angle of 135 ° with the scan path of the first laser in the third grid 33, the scan path of the first laser in the fourth grid 34 forms an angle of 135 ° with the scan path of the fourth laser in the fifth grid 35, the scan path of the fourth laser in the seventh grid 36 forms an angle of 135 ° with the laser in the fourth grid 37 ° with the scan path of the fourth laser in the fourth grid 33, the scan path of the seventh laser in the eighth grid 36 ° forms an angle of the eighth laser in the fourth grid 36 ° with the fourth grid 37 ° with the scan path of the fourth laser in the eighth grid 33.
Furthermore, the overlap region layer was rotated 3 ° clockwise from layer to layer, and the track pitch between the scan paths was 1.3 times the spot diameter.
(third embodiment)
Fig. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams showing the distribution of regions and the design of scan paths in a multi-laser selective fusion splicing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
A first embodiment according to the invention relates to a distribution and scanning scheme in the overlap region when a twin laser forms AlSi10Mg parts for an SLM device. The part to be printed forms an irregular pattern in the laser overlap region 2 between the first forming region 11 of the first laser and the second forming region 12 of the second laser. Because the local working condition stress of the part in the laser lap joint area 2 is 50% of the tensile strength of the material in the X-Y direction, the side length of a single complete square grid is designed to be 0.5mm. The allocated grids are arranged in a 3×5, i.e., three rows and five columns manner, and a part of the grids have an irregular area. The column of the grid is represented by the subscript number of X, and the row of the grid is represented by the subscript number of Y.
As shown in FIG. 8, X 2 Y 1、 X 1 Y 2、 X 3 Y 2、 X 2 Y 3、 X 1 Y 4、 X 3 Y 4、 X 2 Y 5 The seven grids are assigned to the first laser (shown in a pattern of multiple squares), X 1 Y 1、 X 3 Y 1、 X 2 Y 2、 X 1 Y 3、 X 3 Y 3、 X 2 Y 4、 X 1 Y 5、 X 3 Y 5 These eight grids are assigned to the second laser (represented by a pattern of multiple diagonal lines). It follows that any one of the grids is assigned a different laser than the grid adjacent to that grid.
Fig. 9 shows the scan paths designed for the respective grids 31, 32, 33 and 34, it being seen that the solid lines with arrows represent the scan paths and directions of the first laser, the dashed lines with arrows represent the scan paths and directions of the second laser, wherein the scan paths of the second laser in the first grid 31 form an angle of 135 ° with the scan paths of the first laser in the second grid 32, the scan paths of the first laser in the second grid 32 form an angle of 135 ° with the scan paths of the second laser in the third grid 33, the scan paths of the second laser in the third grid 33 form an angle of 45 ° with the scan paths of the first laser in the fourth grid 34, and the scan paths of the first laser in the fourth grid 34 form an angle of 45 ° with the scan paths of the second laser in the first grid 31.
In addition, the overlap region layer is rotated 5 ° counterclockwise from layer to layer, and the track pitch between the scan paths is 1.5 times the spot diameter.
While the steps and technical effects of the multiple laser selective melt lap method according to the present invention have been described above in connection with several preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Therefore, the present invention can be modified and changed within the spirit of the claims, and all such modifications and changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-laser selective fusion lap joint method comprises the following steps:
(i) Providing two or more lasers;
(ii) Determining the part of the part to be printed in the laser lapping area (2) and the width of the laser lapping area (2), wherein the width of the laser lapping area (2) is determined according to the size of the part to be printed and/or the stress in the laser lapping area (2), the width of the laser lapping area (2) is 2-20 mm, and the width of the laser lapping area (2) is in direct proportion to the size of the part to be printed and/or the stress in the laser lapping area (2);
(iii) According to actual use working conditions and stress characteristics of a part to be printed, the stress direction and/or the stress magnitude in the laser overlap region (2) are defined, and the part of the part to be printed in the laser overlap region (2) is divided into two or more grids (3), wherein an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the parallel line direction of the grids (3) and the stress direction;
(iv) -assigning the grids (3) to the lasers in such a way that any one of the grids (3) is assigned a different laser than the one assigned to the grid adjacent to that grid; and
(v) The scanning path of the laser distributed by the grid (3) in the grid (3) is set to be zigzag.
2. A multiple laser selective fusion splicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel line direction of the grid (3) is at an angle of 45 degrees to the stress direction.
3. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 1, wherein in step (iii), the area of said grid (3) is 0.04-1 mm 2 The single area of the grid (3) is in direct proportion to the stress magnitude in the laser lap region (2), and the number of the grids (3) is in inverse proportion to the stress magnitude in the laser lap region (2).
4. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 1, wherein in step (v), the scan path angle of two adjacent grids of said grids (3) is between 45 ° and 135 °.
5. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 4, wherein the scan path angle of two adjacent grids in said grid (3) is between 75 ° and 105 °.
6. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 1, wherein in step (v), the start of said scan path within said grid (3) is opposite the end of said scan path within an adjacent grid of said grid (3).
7. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 1, wherein in step (v), said laser lap area (2) is scanned in a layered staggered scan pattern wherein the scan path of each layer is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by a predetermined angle, wherein said predetermined angle is 2 ° to 5 °.
8. The multiple laser selective melt lap method of claim 1, wherein in step (v), the track spacing between the scan paths in said grid (3) is 1-1.5 times the spot diameter.
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