CN117289263A - Building deformation monitoring radar and monitoring method - Google Patents
Building deformation monitoring radar and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117289263A CN117289263A CN202311186104.1A CN202311186104A CN117289263A CN 117289263 A CN117289263 A CN 117289263A CN 202311186104 A CN202311186104 A CN 202311186104A CN 117289263 A CN117289263 A CN 117289263A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
- G01S13/867—Combination of radar systems with cameras
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a building deformation monitoring radar and a monitoring method, comprising a monitoring radar host, a monitoring system and a monitoring system, wherein the monitoring radar host is used for acquiring images of a building, determining the surface area of the monitored building, then transmitting radio frequency signals to a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the building, receiving echo signals corresponding to the monitoring data points, and estimating the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of the monitoring data points according to the echo signals; the display control terminal is in communication connection with the monitoring radar host and is used for displaying and outputting the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the monitored building; the UPS is electrically connected with the monitoring radar host or the display control terminal and is used for providing electric energy for the monitoring radar host or the display control terminal; and the pitching adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the posture and the height of the monitoring radar host relative to the horizontal plane. In addition, the invention also provides a method for calculating the offset vertical initial position of the monitored data point and curve fitting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building deformation monitoring equipment, in particular to a building deformation monitoring radar and a monitoring method.
Background
Under the condition that the building is subjected to earthquake, geological settlement or other unexpected disasters such as mud-rock flow, flood and the like, the possibility of tilting or collapsing is greatly improved, and great potential safety hazards are brought to the building and personnel in the building. When the building is inclined or collapsed, firefighters or search and rescue personnel rescue trapped personnel in the building, the building is also easy to be threatened by life caused by secondary collapse of the building.
The current deformation monitoring means of the building is to set a distance meter and other devices at a certain distance of the building, monitor whether the distance between a measuring point on the building and the distance meter changes, and prompt rescue workers to leave the field rapidly. However, in the single-point measurement method, a plurality of laser rangefinder devices are required to be configured, the number of rescue equipment carried by the disaster site at the first time is limited, the whole situation of the deformation of a building cannot be fully reflected by the single-point measurement method, the difficulty of multi-device cooperation and data transmission can be brought by using a plurality of rangefinders on site, and the laser rangefinders are also easily affected by weather factors. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a radar and a monitoring method which are suitable for various weather factors and can perform comprehensive deformation monitoring on a building at an accident site.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a building deformation monitoring radar and a monitoring method which have good environmental adaptability and can realize multi-point measurement.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a building deformation monitoring radar comprising:
the monitoring radar host is aligned to the building and is used for collecting images of the building, determining the surface area of the monitored building, transmitting radio frequency signals to a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the building, receiving echo signals corresponding to the monitoring data points, and estimating the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of the monitoring data points according to the echo signals;
the display control terminal is in communication connection with the monitoring radar host and is used for displaying and outputting the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the monitored building;
the UPS is electrically connected with the monitoring radar host or the display control terminal and is used for providing electric energy for the monitoring radar host or the display control terminal;
and the pitching adjusting mechanism is detachably connected with the monitoring radar host and is used for adjusting the posture and the height of the monitoring radar host relative to the horizontal plane.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the monitoring radar host comprises a low-illumination camera unit, a radar receiving and transmitting unit, a comprehensive processing unit and an audible and visual alarm unit;
the low-illumination camera unit and the radar receiving and transmitting unit are both in communication connection with the comprehensive processing unit, and the comprehensive processing unit is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarm unit; the low-illumination camera unit is used for acquiring an image of a building, forwarding the image of the building to the display control terminal through the comprehensive processing unit, inputting a monitoring area on the surface of the building to the comprehensive processing unit by the display control terminal, and generating a plurality of monitoring data points in the monitoring area on the surface of the building;
the radar receiving and transmitting unit transmits radio frequency signals to the building surface area, receives the radio frequency signals returned by a plurality of monitoring data points on the building surface, amplifies and processes the returned radio frequency signals, and obtains distance and azimuth information of the plurality of monitoring data points relative to the monitoring radar host;
the comprehensive processing unit also receives the distance and azimuth information between the monitoring data points sent by the radar receiving and transmitting unit and the monitoring radar host, judges whether the horizontal positions of the monitoring data points of the surface area of the building are abnormal, and drives the audible and visual alarm unit to act when the horizontal positions are abnormal.
Preferably, the radar transceiver unit comprises a transmitter, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, a mixer, a low noise amplifier and a feature extraction component; the first output end of the transmitter is electrically connected with the input end of the transmitting antenna, the output end of the receiving antenna and the second output end of the transmitter are electrically connected with the mixer, the output end of the mixer is electrically connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is in signal connection with the feature extraction assembly, and the output end of the feature extraction assembly is in signal connection with the comprehensive processing unit; the transmitter is used for generating radio frequency signals and transmitting the radio frequency signals to the transmitting antenna, and the transmitting antenna radiates the radio frequency signals outwards; the receiving antenna receives radio frequency signals returned by a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of a building, the mixer generates and generates difference frequency between the returned radio frequency signals and local oscillation signals output by the transmitter, and signals output by the mixer are amplified by the low-noise amplifier, so that the signal strength can be required by input required by the feature extraction component; the feature extraction component performs transformation processing on the input signals to obtain distance and azimuth information of a plurality of monitoring data points relative to the monitoring radar host.
Further preferably, the monitoring radar host further comprises a box body, the inner portion of the box body is hollow, a plurality of first windows and a plurality of second windows are formed in the surface of the box body, and the plurality of first windows are arranged in a penetrating mode along a first preset direction; the plurality of second windows are communicated with each other along a second preset direction, the plurality of first windows and the plurality of second windows are communicated with the inside of the box body, the first preset direction is the optical axis direction of the low-illumination camera unit, and the second preset direction is orthogonal to the first preset direction; the low-illumination camera unit, the radar transceiver unit, the comprehensive processing unit and the audible and visual alarm unit are all arranged in the box body; the transmitting antennas of the audible and visual alarm unit and the radar receiving and transmitting unit also penetrate through different second windows to extend out of the box body; the lens of the low-illumination camera unit and the receiving antenna of the radar receiving and transmitting unit are arranged at different first windows on the same end face of the box body.
Still further preferably, the case is provided therein with a profiling fixture, the profiling fixture has a protruding opening portion, the opening portion is far away from the first window and extends toward the inside of the case, the opening portion is straddled at a first window, the low-illuminance camera unit is embedded in the protruding portion of the profiling fixture and fixedly connected with the profiling fixture, and an optical axis of the low-illuminance camera unit coincides with a central axis of the first window at the opening portion.
Still further preferably, a pressing plate is arranged in the box body, and the pressing plate is propped against the edge position of the inner surface of the receiving antenna of the radar receiving and transmitting unit, which is far away from the first window, and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the box body.
On the other hand, the invention provides a building deformation monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: configuring the building deformation monitoring radar, and respectively starting a monitoring radar host and a display control terminal;
s2: setting a monitoring area in the surface area of a building, selecting a plurality of monitoring data points which are sequentially arranged in the monitoring area, and sequentially numbering the plurality of monitoring data points from top to bottom of the height of the building;
s3: obtaining data corresponding to a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of a building, and further obtaining the horizontal variation and the vertical height of the plurality of monitoring data points before and after deformation;
s4: performing deformation curve fitting on a plurality of monitoring data points, and continuously expressing curves on a plurality of discrete monitoring data points;
s5: when one or more monitoring data points with abnormal tangential slope exist on the graph fitted by the deformation curve, marking the one or more abnormal monitoring data points, and sending out an alarm signal.
Preferably, in step S3, the horizontal variation and the vertical height of the plurality of monitoring data points before and after the deformation are obtained by making the numbers of the plurality of monitoring data points be 1, 2, 3, … … and N; after the building is inclined, the horizontal variation of a plurality of monitoring data points relative to the initial vertical position is delta d= { delta d1, delta d2, … … and delta dN }, theta is the included angle between the connecting line of the plurality of monitoring data points and the monitoring radar host and the horizontal plane, and d= { d1, d2, … … and dN } is the linear distance between the connecting line of the plurality of monitoring data points and the monitoring radar host; let s be the horizontal distance value between the monitoring radar host and the building; then, for any monitoring data point, cosθ=s/d= Δd/"Δd", where Δd' is the linear distance between the monitoring data point on the building where the tilt occurs and the line connecting the monitoring radar host, and the variation of the linear distance between the monitoring data point and the line connecting the monitoring radar host at the vertical initial position is satisfied.
Preferably, in step S4, the deformation curve fitting is performed on the plurality of monitored data points by using a quaternary cubic equation.
Compared with the prior art, the building deformation monitoring radar and the monitoring method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The scheme can overcome the defect that a laser camera is easily interfered by the environment, improves the imaging quality of images, displays a proper building surface area, and is beneficial to the follow-up screening and determining the position of a monitoring data point;
(2) The corresponding horizontal variation or the variation of the linear distance of the connection line with the monitoring radar host is obtained through the signals fed back by the monitoring data points, so that a deformation curve of the monitoring data points is constructed, whether abnormal points exist or not is judged, an alarm signal is sent, rescue workers are prompted to keep away from a building, and the safety threat of secondary collapse to the rescue workers is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for monitoring deformation of a building and a method of monitoring the deformation of the building according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an explosion state of a building deformation monitoring radar and monitoring method of the present invention with the UPS power supply, display control terminal and pitch adjustment mechanism removed;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the explosion state of a housing of the building deformation monitoring radar and monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device and data points of a building surface for a building deformation monitoring radar and method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tilt state of a building using a radar and method for monitoring deformation of the building according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of a monitoring radar host and monitoring data points of a building deformation monitoring radar and monitoring method according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the output of the deformation curve and the surface area of the building monitored by the display control terminal of the building deformation monitoring radar and the monitoring method.
Reference numerals: 1. monitoring a radar host; 2. a display control terminal; 3. a UPS power supply; 4. a pitch adjustment mechanism; 11. a low-illuminance camera unit; 12. a radar transmitting/receiving unit; 13. a comprehensive treatment unit; 14. an audible and visual alarm unit; 121. a transmitter; 122. a transmitting antenna; 123. a receiving antenna; 124. a mixer; 125. a low noise amplifier; 126. a feature extraction component; 15. a case; 100. a first window; 200. a second window; 16. profiling fixing device; 17. a pressing plate; 151. an upper case; 152. and a lower box body.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in one aspect, the present invention provides a building deformation monitoring radar, which includes a monitoring radar host 1, a display control terminal 2, a UPS power source 3, and a pitch adjustment mechanism 4. Wherein:
the monitoring radar host 1 is aligned to a building, is used for acquiring an image of the building, determining a surface area of the monitored building, then transmitting radio frequency signals to a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the building, receiving echo signals corresponding to the monitoring data points, estimating horizontal positions and vertical heights of the monitoring data points according to the echo signals, and judging whether the horizontal offset of each monitoring data point is in a reliable range according to the offset of the initial position.
The display control terminal 2 is in communication connection with the monitoring radar host 1 and is used for displaying and outputting the horizontal position and the vertical height of a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the monitored building; the display control terminal 2 is used for determining the range of the building surface scanned by the monitoring radar host 1 and selecting proper monitoring data points in the range. The content displayed by the display control terminal 2 is shown with reference to fig. 7, and includes an image of a building acquired by the monitoring radar host 1, a radar measurement area, that is, inside a square area in fig. 7, and a plurality of discrete points with marked distances on a monitoring data point deformation, that is, a virtual curve in the square.
The UPS power supply 3 is electrically connected with the monitoring radar host 1 or the display control terminal 2 and is used for providing electric energy for the monitoring radar host 1 or the display control terminal 2; the UPS power source 3 provides energy required for the building deformation monitoring radar to operate outdoors for a long time.
The pitching adjusting mechanism 4 is detachably connected with the monitoring radar host 1, and is used for adjusting the posture and the height of the monitoring radar host 1 relative to the horizontal plane, and maintaining the posture and the height unchanged after the measurement is started. The monitoring radar host 1 has better azimuth angle and pitch angle, can cover most surfaces of a building, and is convenient for the follow-up monitoring process to be carried out smoothly.
As also shown in fig. 1, specifically, the surveillance radar host 1 includes a low-illuminance camera unit 11, a radar transceiver unit 12, a comprehensive processing unit 13, and an audible and visual alarm unit 14;
the low-illumination camera unit 11 and the radar transceiver unit 12 are both in communication connection with the integrated processing unit 13, and the integrated processing unit 13 is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarm unit 14; the low-illumination camera unit 11 is used for acquiring an image of a building, forwarding the image of the building to the display control terminal 2 through the comprehensive processing unit 13, and the display control terminal 2 inputs a monitoring area of the surface of the building to the comprehensive processing unit 13 and generates a plurality of monitoring data points in the monitoring area of the surface of the building; the low-illuminance camera unit 11, as the name implies, is a camera capable of clearly and completely capturing an image of a building surface under a low illuminance, the lowest illuminance level of which is: 0.1Lux belongs to the dim light level, 0.04Lux belongs to the moonlight level, 0.001Lux belongs to the starlight level, and Lux is the unit of illuminance.
The radar transceiver unit 12 transmits radio frequency signals to the surface area of the building, receives radio frequency signals returned by a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of the building, amplifies and processes the returned radio frequency signals, and obtains distance and azimuth information of the plurality of monitoring data points relative to the monitoring radar host 1; the frequency of the radio frequency signal is in the ultra-high frequency band of tens of GHz.
The integrated processing unit 13 also receives the distance and azimuth information between the monitoring data points sent by the radar transceiver unit 12 and the monitoring radar host 1, determines whether the horizontal positions of the monitoring data points of the surface area of the building are abnormal, and drives the audible and visual alarm unit 14 to act when the horizontal positions are abnormal. The audible and visual alarm unit 14 gives out audible and flashing light prompts to warn the rescuer to keep away from the abnormal building as soon as possible, prevent the building from collapsing secondarily and endanger personal safety of the rescuer.
As shown in fig. 1, radar transceiver unit 12 includes a transmitter 121, a transmitting antenna 122, a receiving antenna 123, a mixer 124, a low noise amplifier 125, and a feature extraction component 126; the first output end of the transmitter 121 is electrically connected with the input end of the transmitting antenna 122, the output end of the receiving antenna 123 and the second output end of the transmitter 121 are electrically connected with the mixer 124, the output end of the mixer 124 is electrically connected with the input end of the low noise amplifier 125, the output end of the low noise amplifier 125 is in signal connection with the feature extraction component 126, and the output end of the feature extraction component 126 is in signal connection with the comprehensive processing unit 13; the transmitter 121 is configured to generate a radio frequency signal and transmit the radio frequency signal to the transmitting antenna 122, and the transmitting antenna 122 radiates the radio frequency signal to the outside; the receiving antenna 123 receives the rf signals returned by the plurality of monitoring data points on the building surface, the mixer 124 generates and differences the returned rf signals with the local oscillation signals output by the transmitter 121, and the signals output by the mixer 124 are amplified by the low noise amplifier 125, so that the signal strength can be required by the input required by the feature extraction component 126; the feature extraction component 126 transforms the input signal to obtain distance and bearing information for a number of monitored data points relative to the surveillance radar host 1. Feature extraction component 126 extracts the waveform of the peak frequency and the arrival time of the radar reflected signal by analog-to-digital conversion and fourier transform, and back calculates the actual distances of the several monitored data points from radar transceiver unit 12. The feature extraction component 126 described above can be implemented using conventional radar demodulation equipment.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the surveillance radar host 1 further includes a box 15, the interior of the box 15 is hollow, a plurality of first windows 100 and a plurality of second windows 200 are provided on the surface of the box 15, and the plurality of first windows 100 are arranged in a penetrating manner along a first preset direction; the second windows 200 are arranged in a penetrating manner along a second preset direction, the first windows 100 and the second windows 200 are all communicated with the inside of the box body 15, in this scheme, the first preset direction is set to be the optical axis direction of the lens of the low-illumination camera unit 11, that is, the direction pointing to the surface shooting of the building, and the second preset direction is orthogonal to the first preset direction, so that the radial direction of the lens of the low-illumination camera unit 11 can be understood. The low-illumination camera unit 11, the radar receiving and transmitting unit 12, the comprehensive processing unit 13 and the audible and visual alarm unit 14 are all arranged inside the box body 15; the transmitting antenna 122 of the audible and visual alarm unit 14 and the radar transceiver unit 12 also extend out of the case 15 through different second windows 200; the lens of the low-illuminance camera unit 11 and the receiving antenna 123 of the radar transceiver unit 12 are both disposed at different first windows 100 on the same end face of the case 15. The extension of the receiving antenna 123 from the housing 15 facilitates the delivery of the coverage area of the radio frequency signals. The box 15 provides protection functions for the low-illumination camera unit 11, the radar receiving and transmitting unit 12, the comprehensive processing unit 13 and the audible and visual alarm unit 14, has a certain dustproof and splash-proof protection level, and better meets the outdoor long-term use and portable requirements. In order to ensure good heat dissipation of each unit, the low-illumination camera unit 11, the radar receiving and transmitting unit 12, the comprehensive processing unit 13 and the audible and visual alarm unit 14 are all arranged at intervals in the box body 15. In order to facilitate installation of the internal unit or maintenance, the case 15 may be of an integral structure, or of a split structure as shown in fig. 3, and the case 15 of the split structure is formed by fastening an upper case 151 and a lower case 152 to each other. The scheme is preferably a split type structure.
In order to stabilize the posture of the low-illuminance camera unit 11, a profiling fixture 16 is further provided in the case 15, the profiling fixture 16 has a protruding opening portion, and the opening portion is far from the first window 100 and extends toward the inside of the case 15, the opening portion is straddled at a first window 100, the low-illuminance camera unit 11 is embedded in the protruding portion of the profiling fixture 16 and fixedly connected with the profiling fixture 16, and the optical axis of the low-illuminance camera unit 11 coincides with the central axis of the first window 100 at the opening portion. In order to seal the first window 100 and play a role in dust prevention and water prevention, a lens glass is embedded in the first window 100 at the optical axis, a gap is formed between the lens glass and the lens of the low-illumination camera unit 11, the functions of gap filling and shock absorption can be realized by filling an annular flexible spacer ring between the lens glass and the lens of the low-illumination camera unit 11, the tightness between the box 15 and the low-illumination camera unit 11 is improved, and a certain shock absorption and buffering effect is provided.
Similarly, in order to close the gap between the receiving antenna 123 and the corresponding first window 100, a pressing plate 17 is disposed in the case 15, and the pressing plate 17 abuts against an edge position of the receiving antenna 123 of the radar transceiver unit 12 away from the inner surface of the first window 100 and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the case 15. The number of the pressing plates 17 is the same as the number of edges of the end face of the receiving antenna 123, that is, the pressing plates 17 press each edge of the receiving antenna 123, respectively.
On the other hand, the invention provides a building deformation monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the building deformation monitoring radar is configured, and the monitoring radar host 1 and the display control terminal 2 are respectively started.
S2: setting a monitoring area in the surface area of a building, selecting a plurality of monitoring data points which are sequentially arranged in the monitoring area, and sequentially numbering the plurality of monitoring data points from top to bottom of the height of the building; the radar beam width projected by the building deformation monitoring radar is about 5 degrees azimuth x 30 degrees pitch angle.
S3: and obtaining data corresponding to the plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of the building, and further obtaining the horizontal variation and the vertical height of the plurality of monitoring data points before and after deformation.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the numbers of a plurality of monitoring data points are 1, 2, 3, … … and N; after the building is inclined, the horizontal variation of a plurality of monitoring data points relative to the initial vertical position is delta d= { delta d1, delta d2, … … and delta dN }, theta is the included angle between the connecting line of a plurality of monitoring data points and the monitoring radar host 1 and the horizontal plane, and d= { d1, d2, … … and dN } is the linear distance between a plurality of monitoring data points and the connecting line of the monitoring radar host 1; let s be the horizontal distance value between the monitoring radar host 1 and the building; then, for any monitoring data point, cosθ=s/d= Δd/"Δd", where Δd' is the linear distance between the monitoring data point on the inclined building and the line of the monitoring radar host 1, and the variation of the linear distance between the monitoring data point and the line of the monitoring radar host 1 at the vertical initial position is satisfied. As can be seen from fig. 5, the triangle formed by the horizontal distance value s of the vertical projection line of the monitoring radar host 1 and the monitoring data point, the vertical height difference h of the monitoring data point and the monitoring radar host 1, wherein h= { h1, h2, h3, … …, hN } and the linear distance d of the monitoring data point and the monitoring radar host 1 connecting line is similar to the triangle formed by the linear distance Δd' of the monitoring data point and the monitoring radar host 1 connecting line on the inclined building and the end point of the horizontal variation Δd of the monitoring data point relative to the initial vertical position. One inner angle of the triangle is theta, the angle is unchanged, the linear distance d between the monitoring data point and the connection line of the monitoring radar host 1 and the distance variation delta d' can be obtained by a building deformation monitoring radar, and the parameter h, the parameter s and the parameter delta d can be obtained according to a sine trigonometric function, a cosine trigonometric function or a Pythagorean theorem; the parameters h, s and Δd of each monitored data point after the building is tilted are obtained. Note that the vertical height difference h here is not the actual height of the monitor data point, and the actual height needs to be added to the height difference between the lens of the monitor radar host 1 and the ground.
S4: and performing deformation curve fitting on the plurality of monitoring data points, and continuously expressing curves on the plurality of discrete monitoring data points.
Specifically, a quaternary cubic equation is adopted for curve fitting. Let the expression of the quaternary cubic equation be: y=a+bx (i) +cx (i) 2 +dx(i) 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And taking the straight line distance delta d' of each monitoring data point, which corresponds to each monitoring data point, connected with the monitoring radar host 1 as a parameter x (i), taking the vertical height difference h of each monitoring data point and the monitoring radar host 1 as a parameter y, respectively simulating in MATLAB simulation software to obtain four parameter values of a, b, c and d, and substituting the four parameters of a, b, c and d into an expression of a quaternary cubic equation to perform curve fitting, so as to form a smooth curve on the surface of the building.
S5: when one or more monitoring data points with abnormal tangential slope exist on the graph fitted by the deformation curve, marking the one or more abnormal monitoring data points, and sending out an alarm signal.
Determining whether one or more of the monitored data points are abnormal may employ the following rules:
1) Constructing a virtual straight line connecting the head and tail monitoring data points, wherein the distance between each point on the deformation curve and the virtual straight line is not more than 0.12m, and if the building is considered to have no larger deformation after being inclined, further monitoring is possibly needed, and the audible and visual alarm unit 14 does not act;
2) Constructing a virtual straight line connecting the head and tail monitoring data points, and considering that larger deformation exists locally after the building is inclined if the distance between at least one point on the deformation curve and the virtual straight line exceeds 0.12m, and suggesting that the rescue workers withdraw the building by the low-frequency action of the audible and visual alarm unit 14;
3) And constructing a virtual straight line connecting the head and tail monitoring data points, wherein when the distance between at least one point on the deformation curve and the virtual straight line exceeds 0.20m, the building is considered to have large deformation locally after being inclined, and the audible and visual alarm unit 14 acts at high frequency to warn rescue workers to withdraw from the building immediately.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A building deformation monitoring radar, comprising:
the monitoring radar host (1) is aligned to a building and is used for acquiring images of the building, determining the surface area of the monitored building, transmitting radio frequency signals to a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the building, receiving echo signals corresponding to the monitoring data points, and estimating the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of the monitoring data points according to the echo signals;
the display control terminal (2) is in communication connection with the monitoring radar host (1) and is used for displaying and outputting the horizontal positions and the vertical heights of a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the monitored building;
the UPS power supply (3) is electrically connected with the monitoring radar host (1) or the display control terminal (2) and is used for providing electric energy for the monitoring radar host (1) or the display control terminal (2);
the pitching adjusting mechanism (4) is detachably connected with the monitoring radar host (1) and is used for adjusting the posture and the height of the monitoring radar host (1) relative to the horizontal plane.
2. A building deformation monitoring radar according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring radar host (1) comprises a low-light camera unit (11), a radar transceiver unit (12), a comprehensive processing unit (13) and an audible and visual alarm unit (14);
the low-illumination camera unit (11) and the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12) are both in communication connection with the comprehensive processing unit (13), and the comprehensive processing unit (13) is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarm unit (14); the low-illumination camera unit (11) is used for acquiring an image of a building, forwarding the image of the building to the display control terminal (2) through the comprehensive processing unit (13), and the display control terminal (2) inputs a monitoring area of the surface of the building to the comprehensive processing unit (13) and generates a plurality of monitoring data points in the monitoring area of the surface of the building;
the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12) transmits radio frequency signals to the surface area of the building, receives the radio frequency signals returned by a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of the building, amplifies and processes the returned radio frequency signals, and obtains the distance and azimuth information of the plurality of monitoring data points relative to the monitoring radar host (1);
the comprehensive processing unit (13) also receives the distance and azimuth information between a plurality of monitoring data points sent by the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12) and the monitoring radar host (1), judges whether the horizontal positions of a plurality of monitoring data points of the surface area of the building are abnormal, and drives the audible and visual alarm unit (14) to act when the horizontal positions are abnormal.
3. A building deformation monitoring radar according to claim 2, characterized in that the radar transceiver unit (12) comprises a transmitter (121), a transmitting antenna (122), a receiving antenna (123), a mixer (124), a low noise amplifier (125) and a feature extraction component (126); the first output end of the transmitter (121) is electrically connected with the input end of the transmitting antenna (122), the output end of the receiving antenna (123) and the second output end of the transmitter (121) are electrically connected with the mixer (124), the output end of the mixer (124) is electrically connected with the input end of the low noise amplifier (125), the output end of the low noise amplifier (125) is in signal connection with the feature extraction component (126), and the output end of the feature extraction component (126) is in signal connection with the comprehensive processing unit (13); the transmitter (121) is used for generating a radio frequency signal and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the transmitting antenna (122), and the transmitting antenna (122) radiates the radio frequency signal outwards; the receiving antenna (123) receives radio frequency signals returned by a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of a building, the mixer (124) generates and generates difference frequency between the returned radio frequency signals and local oscillation signals output by the transmitter (121), and the signals output by the mixer (124) are amplified by the low-noise amplifier (125) so that the signal strength can be required by the input required by the feature extraction component (126); the feature extraction component (126) performs transformation processing on the input signals to obtain distance and azimuth information of a plurality of monitoring data points relative to the monitoring radar host (1).
4. A building deformation monitoring radar according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring radar host (1) further comprises a box body (15), the interior of the box body (15) is hollow, a plurality of first windows (100) and a plurality of second windows (200) are arranged on the surface of the box body (15), and the plurality of first windows (100) are arranged in a penetrating manner along a first preset direction; the plurality of second windows (200) are communicated with each other along a second preset direction, the plurality of first windows (100) and the plurality of second windows (200) are communicated with the inside of the box body (15), the first preset direction is the optical axis direction of the low-illumination camera unit (11), and the second preset direction is orthogonal to the first preset direction; the low-illumination camera unit (11), the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12), the comprehensive processing unit (13) and the audible and visual alarm unit (14) are arranged in the box body (15); the sound-light alarm unit (14) and the transmitting antenna (122) of the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12) also extend out of the box body (15) through different second windows (200); the lens of the low-illumination camera unit (11) and the receiving antenna (123) of the radar receiving and transmitting unit (12) are arranged at different first windows (100) on the same end face of the box body (15).
5. The building deformation monitoring radar according to claim 4, wherein the box body (15) is internally provided with a profiling fixing device (16), the profiling fixing device (16) is provided with a protruding opening part, the opening part is far away from the first window (100) and extends towards the inside of the box body (15), the opening part spans at a first window (100), the low-illumination camera unit (11) is embedded in the protruding part of the profiling fixing device (16) and is fixedly connected with the profiling fixing device (16), and the optical axis of the low-illumination camera unit (11) coincides with the central axis of the first window (100) at the opening part.
6. The building deformation monitoring radar according to claim 4, wherein a pressing plate (17) is disposed in the box body (15), and the pressing plate (17) abuts against an edge position of the receiving antenna (123) of the radar transceiver unit (12) away from the inner surface of the first window (100) and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the box body (15).
7. The building deformation monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: configuring the building deformation monitoring radar according to any one of claims 1-6, and respectively starting a monitoring radar host (1) and a display control terminal (2);
s2: setting a monitoring area in the surface area of a building, selecting a plurality of monitoring data points which are sequentially arranged in the monitoring area, and sequentially numbering the plurality of monitoring data points from top to bottom of the height of the building;
s3: obtaining data corresponding to a plurality of monitoring data points on the surface of a building, and further obtaining the horizontal variation and the vertical height of the plurality of monitoring data points before and after deformation;
s4: performing deformation curve fitting on a plurality of monitoring data points, and continuously expressing curves on a plurality of discrete monitoring data points;
s5: when one or more monitoring data points with abnormal tangential slope exist on the graph fitted by the deformation curve, marking the one or more abnormal monitoring data points, and sending out an alarm signal.
8. The method for monitoring deformation of a building according to claim 7, wherein in the step S3, the horizontal variation and the vertical height of the plurality of monitoring data points before and after the deformation are obtained by making the numbers of the plurality of monitoring data points be 1, 2, 3, … … and N; after the building is inclined, the horizontal variation of a plurality of monitoring data points relative to the initial vertical position is delta d= { delta d1, delta d2, … … and delta dN }, theta is the included angle between the connecting line of the plurality of monitoring data points and the monitoring radar host (1) and the horizontal plane, and d= { d1, d2, … … and dN } is the linear distance between the connecting line of the plurality of monitoring data points and the monitoring radar host (1); let s be the horizontal distance value between the monitoring radar host (1) and the building; then, for any monitoring data point, cosθ=s/d= Δd/- Δd ', where Δd' is the linear distance between the monitoring data point on the inclined building and the line connecting the monitoring radar host (1), and the variation of the linear distance between the monitoring data point and the line connecting the monitoring radar host (1) at the vertical initial position is satisfied.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the performing deformation curve fitting on the plurality of monitored data points in step S4 is performing curve fitting using a quaternary cubic equation.
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