CN117282760A - Treatment method of waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Treatment method of waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN117282760A CN117282760A CN202311395301.4A CN202311395301A CN117282760A CN 117282760 A CN117282760 A CN 117282760A CN 202311395301 A CN202311395301 A CN 202311395301A CN 117282760 A CN117282760 A CN 117282760A
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- fly ash
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a treatment method of waste incineration fly ash, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. According to the invention, most of chloride ions in the waste incineration fly ash are removed by water leaching, and then Ca in the fly ash is stabilized to a mineral phase by utilizing hydrothermal, so that the acid consumption is reduced, and the subsequent electrolysis is facilitated; and the mineral phase is beneficial to the generation of stable products in the subsequent sintering section; and finally, the dioxin is degraded through sintering, the heavy metal content in the treated product meets the requirements of building material application standards, the treated product can be applied to the field of construction, and meanwhile, the chlorine content and the dioxin content in the treated product are low, so that the harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a treatment method of waste incineration fly ash.
Background
In recent years, the power generation by the incineration of the garbage is rapid, about 3-5% of fly ash is generated after the incineration of the garbage, and the incineration fly ash contains a considerable amount of toxic substances such as dioxin, heavy metals and the like, and the two substances have strong bioaccumulation effect and are finally ingested by human bodies through food chains once entering the environment, so that the survival and health of the human bodies are endangered. At present, the technology adopted for treating the waste incineration fly ash mainly comprises the steps of stabilizing the medicaments such as chelating agents or cement and then sanitary landfill, or washing with water to remove chlorine, reducing chlorine content to 1% -0.4%, and then entering a cement kiln for recycling. However, the process is complicated and costly. Thus, the incineration fly ash is generally treated by a landfill method after cement solidification at present, and the main defects of the method are as follows: (1) The cement/fly ash ratio must be very high, a large amount of cement is consumed, the capacity and quality are increased seriously, and the reduction requirement of waste treatment cannot be realized; (2) the cement setting requires sufficient operating time; (3) Cement solidification takes the stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash as a main target, and the inability to decompose or stabilize dioxin in fly ash is a consistent weak point; (4) The heavy metals such as Zn, pb, cd and the like with excessive leaching property in the fly ash mainly depend on the relatively stable chemical state under the alkaline environment provided by cement, and are physically stabilized in a solidified body, and the heavy metals are finally accumulated in the environment after the cement is solidified, so that the long-term stability of the heavy metals cannot be ensured, and complete harmless treatment cannot be realized; (5) The stabilized product is a useless and non-renewable resource, and can not realize the recycling of the incineration fly ash.
Therefore, the development of a novel harmless treatment technology of the waste incineration fly ash has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method of waste incineration fly ash, which can realize harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, and the treated product meets the building material application standard and can be used as a building material raw material to realize recycling treatment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for treating waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the waste incineration fly ash with water, and leaching to obtain leaching liquid and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the water dispersion liquid of the leaching residue to obtain a hydrothermal product;
and mixing the hydrothermal product with an acid solution, carrying out electrolysis, and sintering the obtained product to obtain the treated product.
Preferably, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the waste incineration fly ash to water is 1g (1.5-2.0) mL.
Preferably, the leaching temperature of the water leaching is 40-100 ℃ and the leaching time is 2-6 h.
Preferably, the ratio of water to the leaching residue in the aqueous dispersion of the leaching residue is 1-1.5 mL/1 mg.
Preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 180-250 ℃ and the time is 0.5-1 h.
Preferably, the acid solution comprises oxalic acid solution or carbonic acid solution, and the molar concentration of the acid solution is 0.05-1.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the acid solution is 1 (2-15).
Preferably, the current density of the electrolysis is 100-300 mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 20-60 Hz, and the electrolysis time is 1-5 h.
Preferably, the electrolysis is performed under ultrasonic conditions, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic waves is 20-50 KHz.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 900-1350 ℃ and the sintering time is 1-2 h.
The invention provides a treatment method of waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the steps of firstly removing most of chloride ions in the waste incineration fly ash by water immersion, and then stabilizing Ca in the fly ash to a mineral phase by utilizing water heating, so that acid consumption is reduced, and subsequent electrolysis is facilitated; and the mineral phase is beneficial to the generation of stable products in the subsequent sintering section; and finally, the dioxin is degraded through sintering, the heavy metal content in the treated product meets the requirements of building material application standards, the treated product can be applied to the field of construction, and meanwhile, the chlorine content and the dioxin content in the treated product are low, so that the harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash is realized.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for treating waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the waste incineration fly ash with water, and leaching to obtain leaching liquid and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the water dispersion liquid of the leaching residue to obtain a hydrothermal product;
and mixing the hydrothermal product with an acid solution, carrying out electrolysis, and sintering the obtained product to obtain the treated product.
The invention mixes the waste incineration fly ash with water, and carries out water leaching to obtain the leaching liquid and the leaching slag.
The source of the waste incineration fly ash is not particularly limited, and the fly ash can be obtained from a waste incineration plant in a manner well known in the art.
In the present invention, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the waste incineration fly ash to water is preferably 1g (1.5 to 2.0) mL, more preferably 1g (1.6 to 1.8) mL.
In the present invention, the leaching temperature of the water immersion is preferably 40 to 100 ℃, more preferably 50 to 90 ℃, and even more preferably 60 to 80 ℃; the leaching time is preferably 2 to 6 hours, more preferably 3 to 5 hours.
After the water immersion is finished, the invention preferably carries out solid-liquid separation on the obtained product to obtain immersion liquid and immersion slag; the solid-liquid separation is not particularly limited, and may be carried out in a manner well known in the art.
The invention removes 85-90% of chlorine in the waste incineration fly ash by water leaching.
In the invention, the immersion liquid contains chlorine salt, and industrial salt products can be obtained after crystallization.
After the leaching residue is obtained, the invention carries out hydrothermal reaction on the water dispersion liquid of the leaching residue to obtain a hydrothermal product.
In the present invention, the ratio of water to the amount of the leaching residue in the aqueous dispersion of the leaching residue is preferably 1 to 1.5 mL/1 mg, more preferably 1.2 to 1.4 mL/1 mg.
In the present invention, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is preferably 180 to 250 ℃, more preferably 190 to 230 ℃, still more preferably 200 to 220 ℃, and the time is preferably 0.5 to 1h, more preferably 0.6 to 0.8h.
According to the invention, ca in the fly ash is stabilized to a mineral phase through hydrothermal process, so that the acid consumption is reduced, and the subsequent electrolysis is facilitated; after the mineral phase is generated, the stable product is better generated in the subsequent sintering section.
After completion of the hydrothermal reaction, the present invention preferably does not perform any treatment to obtain a hydrothermal product.
After the hydrothermal product is obtained, the hydrothermal product is mixed with an acid solution, electrolysis is carried out, and the obtained product is sintered to obtain the treated product.
In the present invention, the acid solution preferably includes an oxalic acid solution or a carbonic acid solution, and the molar concentration of the acid solution is preferably 0.05 to 1.5mol/L, more preferably 0.1 to 1.2mol/L, still more preferably 0.5 to 1.0mol/L; the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the acid solution is preferably 1 (2-15), more preferably 1 (5-10).
The invention adopts acid solution with specific concentration to carry out electrolysis under the ultrasonic condition, and can obviously improve the efficiency of removing chlorine and heavy metals in the fly ash.
The apparatus used in the electrolysis is not particularly limited, and the power supply apparatus can achieve the required electrolysis conditions.
In the present invention, the current density of the electrolysis is preferably 100 to 300mA/cm 2 More preferably 150 to 250mA/cm 2 Further preferably 200mA/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode exchange frequency is preferably 20 to 60Hz, more preferably 30 to 50Hz, still more preferably 35 to 45Hz; the electrolysis time is preferably 1 to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 4 hours, still more preferably 2.5 to 3.5 hours; the electrolysis is preferably carried out under ultrasonic conditions, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic waves is preferably 20 to 50KHz, more preferably 25 to 45KHz, still more preferably 30 to 40KHz.
After completion of the electrolysis, the present invention preferably filters the resulting product and sinters the resulting solid.
In the present invention, the sintering temperature is preferably 900 to 1350 ℃, more preferably 1000 to 1300 ℃, and most preferably 1100 to 1200 ℃; the time is preferably 1 to 2 hours, more preferably 1.5 to 1.8 hours.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The fly ash raw materials used in the following examples are from a house refuse incineration plant, and the content of each element is as follows:
C0.68％、O32.49％、Na6.24％、Mg0.52％、Al0.24％、Si1.17％、S3.18％、Cl23.35％、K7.06％、Ca25.07％；
metal content in fly ash raw material:
8.85mg/kg of mercury, 1290mg/kg of copper, 6170mg/kg of zinc, 531mg/kg of lead, 114mg/kg of cadmium, beryllium ND, 392mg/kg of barium, 63.1mg/kg of nickel, 36.4mg/kg of arsenic, 107mg/kg of total chromium, 3.7mg/kg of hexavalent chromium and 1.2mg/kg of selenium.
Example 1
The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing 1g of waste incineration fly ash with 1.8mL of water, leaching for 5h at 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain leaching liquid and leaching residues;
8mL of water dispersion of the leaching residue (the dosage ratio of water to the leaching residue is 1.5mL:1 mg) is subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 220 ℃ for 1h, filtered and dried to obtain a hydrothermal product;
mixing the hydrothermal product with oxalic acid solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the oxalic acid solution is 1:10, and carrying out electrolysis for 2h under the ultrasonic condition, wherein the current density is 200mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 30Hz, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 30KHz, and the obtained product is sintered for 3 hours at 1100 ℃ to obtain the processed product.
Example 2
The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing 1g of waste incineration fly ash with 2mL of water, soaking for 6h at 100 ℃, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on 10mL of water dispersion of the leaching residue (the dosage ratio of water to the leaching residue is 1.4mL:1 mg) at 250 ℃ for 1h, filtering, and drying to obtain a hydrothermal product;
mixing the hydrothermal product with oxalic acid solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the oxalic acid solution is 1:8, and carrying out electrolysis for 5h under the ultrasonic condition, wherein the current density is 300mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 60Hz, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 50KHz,and sintering the obtained product at 1350 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a treated product.
Example 3
The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing 1g of waste incineration fly ash with 2mL of water, soaking in water at 40 ℃ for 2h, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on 5mL of water dispersion of the leaching residue (the dosage ratio of water to the leaching residue is 1.2mL:1 mg) at 180 ℃ for 0.5h, filtering and drying to obtain a hydrothermal product;
mixing the hydrothermal product with oxalic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the oxalic acid solution is 1:2, and carrying out electrolysis for 1h under the ultrasonic condition, wherein the current density is 100mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 20Hz, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20KHz, and the obtained product is sintered for 2 hours at 900 ℃ to obtain the processed product.
Example 4
The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing 1g of waste incineration fly ash with 1.8mL of water, soaking in water at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on 6mL of water dispersion of the leaching residue (the dosage ratio of water to the leaching residue is 1.2mL:1 mg) at 200 ℃ for 0.6h, filtering and drying to obtain a hydrothermal product;
mixing the hydrothermal product with oxalic acid solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the oxalic acid solution is 1:15, and carrying out electrolysis for 2h under the ultrasonic condition, wherein the current density is 150mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 30Hz, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 30KHz, and the obtained product is sintered for 2.5 hours at 1000 ℃ to obtain the processed product.
Example 5
The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing 1g of waste incineration fly ash with 1.8mL of water, soaking in water at 60 ℃ for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution and leaching residues;
8mL of water dispersion of the leaching residue (the dosage ratio of water to the leaching residue is 1.5mL:1 mg) is subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 220 ℃ for 0.5h, filtered and dried to obtain a hydrothermal product;
mixing the hydrothermal product with oxalic acid solution with the concentration of 1.0mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the oxalic acid solution is 1:6, and carrying out electrolysis for 3.5h under the ultrasonic condition, wherein the current density is 250mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 35Hz, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 35KHz, and the obtained product is sintered for 2.5 hours at 1200 ℃ to obtain the processed product.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that: no hydrothermal treatment was performed.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that: no electrolysis was performed.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that: no sintering is performed.
Performance testing
1) The treated products obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the content measurement of harmful substances according to the method described in GB/T41015-2021 (technical requirements for vitrification treatment products of solid wastes), and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 harmful substance content (mg/L) in the treated products obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
2) The treated products obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for chlorine content and dioxin content, and the obtained results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 chlorine content and dioxin content in the treated products obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
| Case (B) | Chlorine content (%) | Concentration of dioxin (ngTEQ/g) |
| Example 1 | 0.065 | 0.02 |
| Example 2 | 0.066 | 0.021 |
| Example 3 | 0.071 | 0.023 |
| Example 4 | 0.075 | 0.024 |
| Example 5 | 0.078 | 0.026 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.16 | 0.13 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.21 | 0.125 |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the method of the invention has low heavy metal, chlorine content and dioxin content in the treated product after treatment, reaches the building material standard, and can be used for building materials.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing the waste incineration fly ash with water, and leaching to obtain leaching liquid and leaching residues;
carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the water dispersion liquid of the leaching residue to obtain a hydrothermal product;
and mixing the hydrothermal product with an acid solution, carrying out electrolysis, and sintering the obtained product to obtain the treated product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the waste incineration fly ash to water is 1g (1.5-2.0) mL.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the leaching temperature of the water immersion is 40-100 ℃ and the leaching time is 2-6 h.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of water to the amount of the leaching residue in the aqueous dispersion of the leaching residue is 1 to 1.5 ml/1 mg.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a temperature of 180 to 250 ℃ for a time of 0.5 to 1h.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution comprises an oxalic acid solution or a carbonic acid solution, and the molar concentration of the acid solution is 0.05 to 1.5mol/L.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrothermal product to the acid solution is 1 (2-15).
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic current density is 100 to 300mA/cm 2 The electrode exchange frequency is 20-60 Hz, and the electrolysis time is 1-5 h.
9. The process according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the electrolysis is carried out under ultrasonic conditions, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasound being 20-50 KHz.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein the sintering is performed at a temperature of 900 to 1350 ℃ for a time of 1 to 2 hours.
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| CN202311395301.4A CN117282760B (en) | 2023-10-25 | 2023-10-25 | Treatment method of waste incineration fly ash |
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| CN202311395301.4A CN117282760B (en) | 2023-10-25 | 2023-10-25 | Treatment method of waste incineration fly ash |
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| CN117282760A true CN117282760A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
| CN117282760B CN117282760B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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