CN117267963B - Wind-solar energy storage-based water-bearing hard rock shallow geothermal energy enhancement development method - Google Patents
Wind-solar energy storage-based water-bearing hard rock shallow geothermal energy enhancement development method Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2605—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using gas or liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enhancing and developing geothermal energy of a water-containing hard rock shallow layer based on wind-solar energy storage, which mainly utilizes solar energy and wind energy to store heat for stratum, on one hand, an artificial heat storage layer is constructed, and the temperature of a heat source is increased; on the other hand, the method improves the permeability of the rock by injecting cold impact into the heat storage rock stratum, enhances the heat conduction and crack hydrothermal convection effect of the rock by utilizing underground water flow, increases the heat release amount of return water at the ground source side in the refrigerating season and the heat absorption amount in the heating season, overcomes the defect of low heat exchange efficiency of a buried pipe and the rock, and improves the energy efficiency ratio of the ground source heat pump. The heat storage condition and pore structure of the shallow hard rock layer are improved by utilizing wind energy and solar energy, the potential of renewable energy utilization is exerted, the technical problem of annual cold and hot load imbalance of the ground buried pipe ground source heat pump system is solved, and the required equipment cost is low and the operability is strong. The invention is especially suitable for developing the shallow geothermal energy of the hydraulic rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of renewable energy utilization, and particularly relates to a development technology of shallow geothermal energy based on wind-solar energy storage.
Background
Compared with dry hot rock and water heating geothermal resources, the shallow geothermal energy has the advantages of wide application range and mature technology. The shallow geothermal energy resource development is to transfer the stratum heat or cold by using a ground source heat pump. In winter, ground source heat pumps transfer heat from the formation into the building; in summer, the cooling capacity of stratum is transferred to building to form one cold-hot circulation. The shallow geothermal energy resource is developed without damaging stratum structure, extracting groundwater and causing stratum pollution, has good environmental protection quality of zero pollution, and is suitable for large-scale popularization. In general, the winter heat extracted from the formation in northern areas is much greater than the summer heat input to the formation. Thus, it is desirable to supplement the formation with heat to maintain energy balance. Although the soil layer or the rock stratum has huge heat accumulation and cold accumulation capacity, the heat absorption of the stratum is a long process, and the service efficiency of the buried pipe ground source heat pump system is affected.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the shallow geothermal system, the heat exchange area between the buried pipe and the stratum is a common technical approach at present, for example, a multi-pipe buried pipe heat exchanger, a spiral buried pipe heat exchanger and a quincuncial pipe heat exchanger are used. Recently, hydraulic fracturing methods have also been employed to increase heat exchange area. For example: the device for increasing the heat exchange area in the shallow geothermal energy and the operation method thereof disclosed in the Chinese patent publication No. CN110566175A and the fracturing equipment of the shallow geothermal well of the hard rock stratum disclosed in the Chinese patent grant publication No. CN205400702U have the defects that the equipment structure is complex, the use cost is increased, the technical level requirement on constructors is high, and the design effect is difficult to achieve; secondly, as the shallow geothermal energy system is widely applied to a dense building area, although the mass transfer and heat transfer characteristics of a geothermal reservoir can be improved by adopting a hydraulic fracturing stratum, the hydraulic fracturing crack can have unknown influence on the stability of a building foundation; thirdly, the service life of the shallow geothermal energy system needs to be more than ten years, and the service life of the hydraulic fracture is only less than three years, in this case, repeated fracturing is needed to maintain the heat conduction performance of the stratum, and the use cost is increased; fourthly, the development engineering of compact oil gas and shale gas reservoirs proves that the fracturing fluid not only wastes water resources, but also pollutes the stratum due to difficult reverse discharge of the fracturing fluid, which severely restricts the application of the hydraulic fracturing method in shallow geothermal energy sources and reduces the development efficiency and economic benefit. For many reasons, a method and a spray head for breaking dry and hot rock by liquid nitrogen cold impact composite high-pressure water jet disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN 112377162A are proposed to enhance the connectivity of a rock fracture network and improve the heat exchange efficiency by adopting a cold impact fracturing mode, and a high-temperature crystallization rock cold impact fracturing experimental system and a method disclosed in Chinese patent application publication No. CN112414882B are not easy to see, and only the deep high-temperature rock is considered to be subjected to cold impact fracturing, so that the method and the spray head are not applicable to shallow low-temperature rock.
Due to the shallow layer temperature not higher than 25 o And C, the temperature difference between the buried pipe and the stratum is small, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low. The utilization of wind and solar energy to increase the temperature of a heat source is another technical approach for improving heat exchange efficiency. As disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN115574363a, a system and a method for developing and utilizing light and wind energy based on heat storage in a goaf of a coal mine are disclosed, which essentially is to install a heat storage bin capable of being used as a filler in the goaf, utilize wind and light energy to store heat for the heat storage bin, and store heat for the heat storage bin to be utilized by the outside, however, a large amount of rock mass, broken rock layer and accumulated water are left in the goaf of the coal mine, and constructors cannot enter the goaf to build the heat storage bin, so that wind and light are difficult to realizeThermal energy storage and utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art for developing shallow geothermal energy and realize the efficient development of shallow geothermal energy by utilizing renewable energy complementation, the invention provides a method for enhancing and developing the water-containing hard rock shallow geothermal energy based on wind-solar energy storage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method is realized based on a buried pipe ground source heat pump system and a solar energy-wind energy heat storage unit, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the first step: firstly, drilling a heat exchange well and a cold and hot impact well in a hard rock stratum needing heat extraction, then carrying out cold impact tests on drill cores taken out from the cold and hot impact well under different high temperature conditions, determining the critical temperature of rock cracking, and providing heating temperature parameters for the rock stratum;
and a second step of: heating the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well by using a heat storage unit before entering a refrigerating season from the end of the heating season every year, and then performing cold impact, so as to increase the number of cracks of the aquifer, improve the connectivity of the aquifer between the cold and hot impact well and the heat exchange well and enhance the flowing of bedrock crack water;
and a third step of: the method comprises the steps that in a refrigerating (summer) season, ground source side backwater flows into a ground buried pipe in a heat exchange well, backwater heat is absorbed by bedrock in a heat conduction mode and crevice water in a heat convection mode respectively, and backwater temperature is reduced and then the backwater flows back to a ground source heat pump;
fourth step: continuously accumulating heat in the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well by utilizing the heat accumulating unit from the end of the refrigerating season to the entering of the heating season, and accumulating heat in the well periphery area of the cold and hot impact well to form a heat reservoir under the effects of heat conduction of bedrock and crack hydrothermal convection;
fifth step: the method is characterized in that in a heating season (winter), ground source side backwater flows into a ground buried pipe in a heat exchange well, heat in bedrock and crevice water is absorbed by backwater in a heat conduction mode and a heat convection mode respectively, the backwater temperature is increased, and meanwhile, an energy storage battery continuously stores heat for a cold and hot impact well wall and maintains the heat source temperature;
the heat storage unit and the ground source heat pump can be used for storing energy by preferentially utilizing wind energy and solar energy.
Further: in order to realize heating-cold injection impact on a cold and hot impact well, an electric heating tube and a liquid nitrogen injection tube are arranged in the cold and hot impact well, the electric heating tube is tightly attached to the wall of a water-bearing layer of the cold and hot impact well, a wind-solar energy storage battery supplies power to the electric heating tube, and a nozzle at the tail end of a liquid nitrogen injection pipeline is aligned to a heating section of the cold and hot impact well.
Further, the heating-before-cold injection impact method in the second step is as follows: heating the water-bearing layer of the cold and hot impact well by using a heat storage unit to stabilize the temperature of the well wall at a set temperature value; then the liquid nitrogen injection pipe is connected with a liquid nitrogen tank, and liquid nitrogen is injected into a heating section of the cold and hot impact well wall, so that the height Wen Yanti is rapidly reduced. In the process, the thermal stress in the well Zhou Yandan can induce the cracks to radially expand from the well wall to the far end, so that the flow passage of bedrock crack water between the cold and hot impact well and the surrounding heat exchange well is increased, and the convective heat exchange effect between the underground water and the buried pipe is enhanced.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. aiming at the heat exchange mechanism of the buried pipe and the stratum, the invention starts from the two aspects of heat source temperature and heat exchange area, and utilizes solar energy and wind energy to store heat for the stratum, on one hand, an artificial heat storage layer is constructed, and the heat source temperature is improved; on the other hand, the method improves the permeability of the rock by injecting cold impact into the heat storage rock stratum, enhances the heat conduction and crack hydrothermal convection effect of the rock by utilizing underground water flow, increases the heat release amount of return water at the ground source side in the refrigerating season and the heat absorption amount in the heating season, overcomes the defect of low heat exchange efficiency of a buried pipe and the rock, and improves the energy efficiency ratio of the ground source heat pump. The heat storage condition and pore structure of the shallow hard rock layer are improved by utilizing wind energy and solar energy, the potential of renewable energy utilization is exerted, the technical problem of annual cold and hot load imbalance of the ground buried pipe ground source heat pump system is solved, and the required equipment cost is low and the operability is strong. The invention is especially suitable for developing the shallow geothermal energy of the hydraulic rock.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, in which the drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a ground source heat pump system and a heat exchange well and a heat storage unit and a cold and hot shock well involved in the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clearly apparent, the technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the system related to the method for enhancing and developing the geothermal energy of the shallow layer of the water-containing hard rock based on wind-solar energy storage comprises a cold-hot impact well, a heat exchange well, a heat storage unit and a cold impact unit. The heat storage unit comprises a photovoltaic module, a wind power module, an energy storage battery pack, an electric heating tube and a circuit, wherein the cold impact unit comprises a liquid nitrogen tank and a liquid nitrogen injection pipeline, the electric heating tube is connected with the energy storage battery pack, and solar energy and wind energy are stored in the energy storage battery pack.
The specific operation process of the invention is as follows:
firstly, drilling wells in a target area according to the technical specification DB37/T4306-2021 of shallow geothermal energy vertical buried pipe construction, wherein the depths of the wells exceed the depth of an aquifer, and the intervals of the wells are about 3 meters. The well upstream of the groundwater flow is determined as a cold-hot impingement well, and the well downstream of the groundwater flow is determined as a heat exchange well. The position (depth) of the water-containing layer segment in the cold-hot impact well is determined. An electric heating tube and a liquid nitrogen injection tube are arranged in the cold and hot impact well, the electric heating tube is clung to a section containing a water layer in a well wall, a nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the liquid nitrogen injection tube and is aligned with a heating area, a liquid ammonia tank and an energy storage battery pack are arranged at a cold and hot impact well head, and a photovoltaic module and a wind power module store electricity for the energy storage battery pack all the year round; installing a U-shaped buried pipe in the heat exchange well, wherein the buried pipe is communicated with a ground source heat pump of the ground source heat pump system;
then, selecting not less than 5 rock samples from drilling cores of the cold and hot impact well, drilling a through round hole in the center of the rock samples, recording crack forms of the surface of the rock, and inserting a metal screen pipe into the round hole of the rock. Then placing the rock sample into a heating furnace, and respectively heating to 60 deg.C o C，70 o C，80 o C，90 oC Incubate for about 30 minutes. Connecting the sieve tube with a liquid nitrogen tank, and rapidly injecting liquid nitrogen into the rock; under different temperature difference conditions, the crack distribution of the inner hole wall of the rock is observed, a curve of the change of the number and the size of cracks along with the temperature difference is obtained, and parameters are provided for heat storage temperature of drilling holes, liquid ammonia cold impact rate and time.
Because the ground source heat pump only operates in the heating season and the cooling season, taking 11 months of a certain year to 3 months of the second year as the heating season and 6 months to 8 months as the cooling season as an example, how to implement the wind-light-shallow geothermal energy enhancement development process in one cycle year is described in detail as shown in table one.
List one
Referring to table one, heating the cold and hot impact well from 4 months to 5 months, namely after the heating season is finished, increasing the temperature of the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well, and then implementing cold injection impact; the heating-cold injection impact method is as follows: the energy storage battery pack supplies power to the electric heating tube, heats the water-bearing layer of the cold and hot impact well wall, and enables the temperature of the well wall to rise to a preset temperature value; then, the liquid nitrogen injection pipe is connected with a liquid nitrogen tank, liquid nitrogen is injected into a heating area of the cold and hot impact well wall, the temperature of the cold and hot impact well wall is rapidly reduced, in the process, rock thermal stress can induce cracks in the rock stratum to radially expand from the well wall to the far end, the flowing channel of bedrock crack water between the cold and hot impact well and surrounding heat exchange wells is improved, and the convection heat exchange effect between underground water and the buried pipe is enhanced.
From 6 months to 8 months, namely entering a refrigerating season, the stratum of the heat exchange well absorbs heat of backwater at the ground source side, so that backwater temperature is reduced, the energy storage battery pack supplies power to the ground source heat pump preferentially in the process, and when the electric quantity is insufficient, the mains supply is switched to supply power to the ground source heat pump. Because the hot-cold impact is applied to the cold-hot impact well in 4 to 5 months, the water flow of the bedrock crack is accelerated after the hot-cold impact is carried out on the water-containing rock stratum, so that the heat absorption efficiency of the buried pipe by the heat exchange well Zhou Yanti in the refrigerating season is improved;
the ground source heat pump stops working from 9 months to 10 months, namely from the end of a refrigerating season to the period of entering a heating season, the energy storage battery pack preferentially continuously heats the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well, accumulated heat is accumulated in the surrounding area of the cold and hot impact well to form a thermal reservoir under the effects of bedrock heat conduction and crack hydrothermal convection, and the underground water runoff can carry heat migration, so that the heat accumulation area in the stratum is continuously expanded, the heat accumulation is continuously increased, and preparation is made for later heating seasons;
and the ground source side backwater flows into the buried pipe in the heat exchange well from 11 months to 3 months in the second year, the bedrock heat is absorbed by the backwater in a heat conduction mode and the crack water heat is absorbed by the backwater in a heat convection mode, the backwater is heated by a reflux geothermal pump after the temperature of the backwater is increased, the heat storage battery pack continuously supplements heat for the cold and hot impact well wall, the crack water flows to enhance the heat stored in the buried pipe absorption stratum in the process, and the energy efficiency ratio of the ground source heat pump is improved.
The above embodiments of the present invention are not meant to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, especially the selection of heating periods and cooling seasons, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these modifications and adaptations should and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method is realized based on a buried pipe ground source heat pump system and a solar energy-wind energy heat storage unit, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the first step: firstly, drilling a heat exchange well and a cold and hot impact well in a hard rock stratum needing heat extraction, then carrying out cold impact tests on drill cores taken out from the cold and hot impact well under different high temperature conditions, determining the critical temperature of rock cracking, and providing heating temperature parameters for the rock stratum;
and a second step of: heating the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well by using a heat storage unit from the end of a heating season to the entering of a cooling season so as to stabilize the temperature of the well wall at a set temperature value; then the liquid nitrogen injection pipe is connected with a liquid nitrogen tank, liquid nitrogen is injected into a heating section of the cold and hot impact well wall to perform cold impact, the height Wen Yanti is reduced rapidly, the purpose is to increase the number of cracks of the aquifer, improve connectivity of the aquifer between the cold and hot impact well and the heat exchange well, and strengthen water flow of bedrock cracks;
the heat storage unit comprises a photovoltaic module, a wind power module, an energy storage battery pack, an electric heating tube and a circuit, wherein the electric heating tube is connected with the energy storage battery pack, solar energy and wind energy are stored in the energy storage battery pack, the electric heating tube is clung to the wall of a water-bearing layer of a cold and hot impact well, and the energy storage battery pack supplies power to the electric heating tube;
and a third step of: the method comprises the steps that in a refrigerating season, backwater at the ground source side flows into a buried pipe in a heat exchange well, backwater heat is absorbed by bedrock in a heat conduction mode and crevice water in a heat convection mode respectively, and backwater temperature is reduced and then the backwater flows back to the ground source heat pump;
fourth step: continuously accumulating heat in the aquifer of the cold and hot impact well by utilizing the heat accumulating unit from the end of the refrigerating season to the entering of the heating season, and accumulating heat in the well periphery area of the cold and hot impact well to form a heat reservoir under the effects of heat conduction of bedrock and crack hydrothermal convection;
fifth step: the method comprises the steps that in a heating season, ground source side backwater flows into a buried pipe in a heat exchange well, heat in bedrock and crevice water is absorbed by backwater in a heat conduction mode and a heat convection mode respectively, the backwater temperature is increased, and meanwhile, an energy storage battery pack continuously stores heat for a cold and hot impact well wall, and the heat source temperature is maintained;
the ground source heat pump operation energy source preferentially utilizes wind energy and solar energy to store energy, and when wind power or photovoltaic power is insufficient, the utility power is switched to supply power for the ground source heat pump.
2. The method for enhancing and developing the geothermal energy of the shallow water-containing hard rock based on wind-solar energy storage according to claim 1, wherein a liquid nitrogen injection pipe is arranged in the cold-hot impact well, and a nozzle at the tail end of the liquid nitrogen injection pipe is aligned with a heating section of the cold-hot impact well.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4437124A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-04-11 | Ver Energiewerke Ag | Geothermal heating system using water |
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| US9328932B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2016-05-03 | Racool, L.L.C. | Building designs and heating and cooling systems |
| US11224145B2 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2022-01-11 | Nautilus True, Llc | Datacenter geothermal cooling system and method |
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