CN117256220A - Rice field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds - Google Patents
Rice field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117256220A CN117256220A CN202311376655.4A CN202311376655A CN117256220A CN 117256220 A CN117256220 A CN 117256220A CN 202311376655 A CN202311376655 A CN 202311376655A CN 117256220 A CN117256220 A CN 117256220A
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- paddy field
- ridger
- seeds
- cadmium content
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
- A01B13/02—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for making or working ridges, e.g. with symmetrically arranged mouldboards, e.g. ridging plough
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a paddy field cultivation device and a method capable of reducing cadmium content of seeds, wherein the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content of seeds comprises a wheel frame and a rotating wheel rotatably arranged on the wheel frame, wherein a motor in transmission connection with the rotating wheel is arranged on the wheel frame, and the rotating wheel is driven to rotate through the motor; the rear end of the wheel frame in the moving direction is connected with a ridger, the rear end of the ridger in the moving direction is connected with a seedbed, a mechanical claw is arranged below the seedbed, and the mechanical claw is used for grabbing rice seedlings on the seedbed and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface generated by the ridger. The beneficial effects are that: the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds utilizes the ridger to generate furrows and ridges on one row in the paddy field, then rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surface, and the absorption of the rice seeds in the grouting period to the cadmium is always kept at a low level by controlling the water quantity in the furrows, so that the technical problem that the cadmium of the rice seeds exceeds the standard is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a rice field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds.
Background
The paddy field is an important site for paddy rice production, and soil heavy metal has toxic action on paddy rice, reduces crop yield and quality, and can enter human and animal bodies through food chains to harm human health.
Cadmium (Cd) is a typical carcinogen, can be permanently enriched in liver and kidney, and can loosen, shrink and deform bones of human bodies, and rice is a typical Cd-enriched crop, is easy to accumulate in seeds, especially in low-pollution soil, and Cd in the seeds easily exceeds the limit of Cd <0.2mg/kg in the national food pollutant limit standard (GB 2762-2005).
In recent years, in order to pursue high yield, rice farmers need to overstock fertilizers for a long time, which leads to soil acidification, greatly improves cadmium activity and solves the problem that the cadmium content of rice exceeds standard.
Chemical improvement technology is considered to be one of the most effective methods for soil heavy metal pollution control, with low cost and no influence on crop cultivation. In recent years, a large amount of modifier is used for treating heavy metal contaminated soil to reduce cadmium content in rice grains, and lime, phosphate, compost, blast furnace slag, ferric salt, silicate, zeolite and the like are common, the fixing effects of different modifier on heavy metals are different, for example, calcium carbonate can obviously reduce the effectiveness of Pb, cd and Zn in the soil, sepiolite has huge specific surface area and adsorption capacity, the fixing effect on Cd in the soil is obvious, and zeolite has pore channel structure and ion exchange performance and strong adsorption capacity on Pb, cd, cu, cr and other elements. However, the chemical modifier has a large side effect on soil, cannot be used commonly, otherwise, the growth of rice is affected, and thus, the treatment effect of exceeding the standard of cadmium in rice seeds is affected.
Based on the above, it is necessary to develop a technology for treating rice grain cadmium exceeding that has little side effect on soil and even no side effect and can be applied for a long time, namely the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a paddy field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds, and aims to solve the problems that the existing chemical modifier for treating soil cadmium pollution in the background art is large in side effect, cannot be used commonly, and influences the treatment effect of exceeding the standard of cadmium in rice seeds.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds comprises a wheel frame and a rotating wheel rotatably arranged on the wheel frame, wherein a motor in transmission connection with the rotating wheel is arranged on the wheel frame, and the rotating wheel is driven to rotate through the motor;
the rear end of the wheel frame in the moving direction is connected with a ridger, the rear end of the ridger in the moving direction is connected with a seedbed, a mechanical claw is arranged below the seedbed, and the mechanical claw is used for grabbing rice seedlings on the seedbed and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface generated by the ridger.
As the preferred technical scheme of this application, the front end of wheel carrier direction of movement is provided with the scraper bowl, the scraper bowl links to each other with the one end of swing arm is fixed, the other end of swing arm is articulated with the one end of fixed arm, the other end of fixed arm links to each other with the wheel carrier is fixed, it has push-pull device to articulate on the fixed arm, push-pull device's expansion end is articulated with the swing arm, push-pull device can drive swing arm and scraper bowl relative fixed arm up-and-down swing.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, one runner is arranged at the center of the wheel frame, and the pair of fixed arms and the pair of swinging arms are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the runner.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, the seedbed and the wheel frame are connected through a screeding plate, the screeding plate comprises a flat plate and a warping plate arranged at one end of the advancing direction of the flat plate, the warping plate is fixedly connected with the wheel frame, a mounting frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the retreating direction of the flat plate, a mounting plate I is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, the mounting frame and the mounting plate I are fixedly connected with the seedbed, and the ridger is connected with the mounting plate I;
the tilted plate is an arc plate, one end of the tilted plate, which is tilted upwards, is fixedly connected with the wheel frame, and the other end of the tilted plate, which is tilted upwards correspondingly, is fixedly connected with the flat plate.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, a sliding box and a lifting device are vertically and fixedly arranged on the first mounting plate, the lower end of the sliding box is open, a plug rod is vertically and fixedly arranged on the ridger, the upper end of the plug rod is slidably inserted into the sliding box, a sliding groove extending along the height direction of the sliding box is arranged on the side surface of the sliding box in a penetrating manner, and the sliding groove is communicated with a sliding hole in the sliding box;
the lower end of the lifting device is fixedly connected with a sliding shaft, the sliding boxes are provided with a pair, two ends of each sliding shaft are respectively inserted into a sliding groove of one sliding box and are fixedly connected with the inserting rod, and the sliding shafts can move up and down in the sliding grooves.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, the ridger comprises a plurality of V-shaped plates which are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a straight line shape, one end of each V-shaped plate in the advancing direction is fixedly provided with a baffle, the baffle defines a ditch raising area in the V-shaped plate, and the ditch raising area can enable the V-shaped plate to move in a paddy field to generate furrows;
the two adjacent V-shaped plates are fixedly connected through a flat top plate, the flat top plate and the two adjacent V-shaped plates jointly define a ridging area, and the ridging area enables the two adjacent V-shaped plates to move in a paddy field to generate a ridge back;
the inserted link is fixedly connected with the flat top plate.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, two ends of the flat top plate are vertically and fixedly provided with mutually parallel vertical plates, the vertical plates extend along the moving direction of the V-shaped plate, the upper ends of the vertical plates are connected with the flat top plate, the lower ends of the vertical plates are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the V-shaped plate, and the two vertical plates enable the ditching area and the ridging area to extend upwards;
the ridging area is internally provided with a scraping plate, the scraping plate is vertically arranged and is vertical to the vertical plate, the upper end of the scraping plate is fixedly connected with the flat top plate, the two side surfaces of the scraping plate can slide tightly against the vertical plate, and the lower end of the scraping plate is flush with the upper end of the V-shaped plate;
the ridger can push the scraping plate by soil on the ridge surface when advancing in the paddy field, so that two side surfaces of the lower end of the scraping plate cling to one end of the vertical plate, which is far away from the advancing direction, and slide.
As the preferred technical scheme of this application, be provided with scanning image device on the mounting panel one between ridger and the seedbed, scanning image device is used for scanning paddy field ground, generates the 3D figure of furrow and ridge back.
As the preferable technical scheme of the application, a water tank is arranged on the trowel, a plurality of control valves are arranged below the seedbed and at the rear end in the advancing direction of the mechanical claw, a spray head is arranged on each control valve, each spray head can be used for injecting water into one furrow, and the number of the control valves is equal to that of the furrows;
the control valve is communicated with the water pump through the water delivery pipe, the water pump is positioned in the water tank, the water pump is connected with the controller, the controller can adjust the rotating speed of the water pump and the opening of the control valve according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and the backs of the furrows, and then the water injection quantity of the spray heads into each furrow is adjusted.
In addition, the invention also provides a paddy field cultivation method capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds, and the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds by adopting any one of the above steps is used for executing the following steps:
starting a motor to drive a rotating wheel to move in the paddy field, and leveling the ground of the paddy field by means of a bucket;
controlling a lifting device to drive a ridger to lift and adjust the height of the ridger to a set position;
placing rice seedlings on a seedling bed, starting a mechanical claw to grasp Miao Chuangshang rice seedlings, and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface generated by a ridger;
and opening the scanning imaging device to obtain 3D graphics of the furrows and the ridge backs, adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump and the opening of the control valve according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and the ridge backs, and then adjusting the water injection quantity of the spray head into each furrow, so that the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface is equal to a set value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content in the rice field, a ridger is utilized to generate furrows and ridges on a row in the rice field, rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surface, and the water quantity in the furrows is controlled to enable the rice seeds in a grouting period to always keep low in cadmium absorption, so that the technical problem that the cadmium in the rice seeds exceeds the standard is solved, no side effect is caused on soil, the paddy field cultivation device can be used commonly, and the treatment effect that the cadmium in the rice seeds exceeds the standard is good;
in addition, the ridge culture is used for planting the paddy rice, so that the high-efficiency management of the paddy field moisture is facilitated, the paddy field nutrient utilization efficiency, the paddy rice seedling emergence rate and the yield are greatly improved, and particularly in the paddy field and dry crop rotation process, the ridge culture is used for planting the paddy rice, so that the seasonal irrigation and drainage contradiction of the paddy field and dry crops in the sticky soil can be effectively relieved, and the novel high-efficiency cultivation technology suitable for the sticky soil is provided.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rice field tillage apparatus for reducing cadmium content in seeds according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of FIG. 1 with the water tank, control valve, spray head, and mechanical fingers removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of FIG. 2 with the seedbed removed;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic illustration of FIG. 2 with the seedbed removed;
FIG. 5 is a third schematic view of FIG. 2 with the seedbed removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram IV of FIG. 2 with the seedbed removed;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the ridger.
The figures indicate:
1. a wheel carrier; 2. a motor;
3. a rotating wheel;
4. a fixed arm; 5. a swing arm; 6. a bucket; 7. a push-pull device; 8. a warp plate; 9. a flat plate; 10. a mounting frame; 11. a seedbed; 12. a mechanical claw; 13. a first mounting plate; 14. scanning an imaging device; 15. ridge surfaces;
16. a slide box; 161. a chute; 162. a slide hole;
17. a slide shaft; 18. a lifting device; 19. a rod;
20. a ridger; 201. a V-shaped plate; 202. a riser; 203. a trench region; 204. a flat top plate; 205. a baffle; 206. ridging areas; 207. a scraper;
21. a second mounting plate; 22. a wheel axle; 23. driven wheel; 24. a transmission belt; 25. a driving wheel; 26. a through hole; 27. a connector; 28. a water tank; 29. a control valve; 30. a spray head; 40. a controller; 41. a water pump; 42. a water pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, such terms are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention provides a paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content of seeds, which utilizes a ridger 20 to generate furrows and ridges on a row in a paddy field, then plants rice seedlings on a ridge surface 15, and the water quantity in the furrows is controlled to keep the absorption of cadmium by rice seeds in a grouting period at a low level all the time so as to solve the technical problem that the cadmium of the rice seeds exceeds the standard, has no side effect on soil, can be used commonly and has good treatment effect on the cadmium of the rice seeds; in addition, the ridge culture is used for planting the paddy rice, so that the high-efficiency management of the paddy field moisture is facilitated, the paddy field nutrient utilization efficiency, the paddy rice seedling emergence rate and the yield are greatly improved, and particularly in the paddy field and dry crop rotation process, the ridge culture is used for planting the paddy rice, so that the seasonal irrigation and drainage contradiction of the paddy field and dry crops in the sticky soil can be effectively relieved, and the novel high-efficiency cultivation technology suitable for the sticky soil is provided.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-6, the rice field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds comprises a wheel frame 1 and a rotating wheel 3 rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 1, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotating wheel 3 is fixedly mounted on a wheel shaft 22, the wheel shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 1, a second mounting plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the wheel frame 1, a motor 2 in transmission connection with the rotating wheel 3 is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate 21, and the rotating wheel 3 is driven to rotate by the motor 2, so that the rice field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds can move in a rice field to plant rice seedlings.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-6, the driven wheel 23 is fixedly installed on the axle 22, the driving wheel 25 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 2, the driving wheel 25 and the driven wheel 23 are in transmission connection through the driving belt 24, the through hole 26 is formed in the second mounting plate 21, and the driving belt 24 can penetrate through the through hole 26, so that the driving belt 24 is not influenced to connect the driving wheel 25 and the driven wheel 23 in transmission.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-6, the rear end of the moving direction of the wheel frame 1 is connected with a ridger 20, the rear end of the moving direction of the ridger 20 is connected with a seed bed 11, in this specification, the moving direction is the direction in which the rice field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds moves in the rice field to cultivate rice seedlings, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a mechanical claw 12 is arranged below the seed bed 11, the mechanical claw 12 is used for grabbing rice seedlings on the seed bed 11 and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface 15 generated by the ridger 20, the rice seedlings are planted, the motor 2 drives the rotating wheel 3 to rotate so as to drive the whole rice field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds to move and advance in the rice field, in the advancing process, the ridger 20 generates furrows and ridges on the ground of the rice field, the mechanical claw 12 is used for grabbing rice seedlings on the seedbed 11 and inserting the rice seedlings into the ridge surface 15 generated by the ridger 20, the paddy field cultivation planting method is called ridge planting, the ridge planting is used for efficiently managing the moisture of the paddy field, the paddy field nutrient utilization efficiency, the paddy field emergence rate and the yield are greatly improved, especially in the paddy field and upland rotation process, the rice seedling planting method can be used for effectively relieving the seasonal irrigation contradiction of paddy field and upland field crops in the sticky soil, is a novel efficient cultivation technology suitable for the sticky soil, the irrigation in the ridge provides the needed moisture for the growth of the rice seedlings on the ridge surface 15, and the water quantity in the ridge is controlled to ensure that the absorption of the rice seeds to cadmium is always kept at a low level, so that the technical problem of exceeding the standard of the cadmium of the rice seeds is solved; in addition, during paddy and dry rotation, as only a small amount of water is in the furrows, the total amount of water in the whole paddy field is not very large, the paddy field can be directly loosened, fertilized and sown without draining and then loosening the soil, time and labor are saved, when paddy rice is needed to be planted by ridge culture again, water is directly injected into the furrows, paddy field large water flood irrigation is not needed, the water consumption is low, and the method is favorable for relieving seasonal irrigation contradiction of paddy and dry crops in the paddy and dry rotation, and is a novel efficient cultivation technology suitable for the sticky soil.
In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the front end of the wheel frame 1 in the moving direction is provided with a bucket 6, and the bucket 6 is used for leveling the paddy field ground, so that a proper amount of water can be accurately injected into the furrows, and then the water quantity in the furrows is accurately controlled, so that the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and the technical effect that the absorption of cadmium by rice grains is always kept at a low level is ensured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-6, the bucket 6 is fixedly connected with one end of the swing arm 5, the other end of the swing arm 5 is hinged with one end of the fixed arm 4, the other end of the fixed arm 4 is fixedly connected with the wheel frame 1, the fixed arm 4 is hinged with a push-pull device 7, the movable end of the push-pull device 7 is hinged with the swing arm 5, the push-pull device 7 can drive the swing arm 5 and the bucket 6 to swing up and down relative to the fixed arm 4, so that the bucket 6 is controlled to descend to be in contact with the ground when the bucket 6 is required to level the ground of the rice, then the rice field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content advances to push the bucket 6 to level the ground, the ground of the rice field is guaranteed to be level and not to incline, the subsequent ridging quality is facilitated to be improved, a proper amount of water is conveniently and accurately injected into the furrows, the height difference between the water surface in each furrow and the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and the technical effect that the rice grain is always kept at a low level is ensured to be achieved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2-6, one rotating wheel 3 is located at the center of the wheel frame 1, and the pair of fixed arms 4 and swing arms 5 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating wheel 3, so that the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds is beneficial to driving the bucket 6 to stably advance, and meanwhile, the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds is convenient to turn in paddy fields.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-6, the seedbed 11 and the wheel frame 1 are connected through the trowel 9, so that on one hand, a planter can conveniently stand on the trowel 9 to control the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds to carry out forward cultivation in a paddy field to plant rice seedlings, and on the other hand, the water tank 28 is also conveniently arranged.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-6, the trowelling plate 9 includes a flat plate 9 and a warp plate 8 disposed at one end of the flat plate 9 in the advancing direction, preferably, the flat plate 9 and the warp plate 8 are integrally formed, the warp plate 8 is an arc plate, one end of the warp plate is fixedly connected with the mounting plate two 21, and the other end of the warp plate corresponding to the warp plate 9 is connected with the warp plate two.
As shown in fig. 1-6, one end of the plate 9 in the backward direction is fixedly provided with a mounting frame 10, the mounting frame 10 is fixedly provided with a first mounting plate 13, the mounting frame 10 and the first mounting plate 13 are fixedly connected with the seedbed 11, so that the seedbed 11 and the trowel 9 can be firmly and stably connected, and the ridger 20 is mounted on the first mounting plate 13.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-6, the first mounting plate 13 is vertically and fixedly provided with the sliding box 16 and the lifting device 18, the lower end of the sliding box 16 is open, so that the opening of the sliding hole 162 in the sliding box 16 is downward, the ridger 20 is vertically and fixedly provided with the inserted rod 19, and the upper end of the inserted rod 19 is slidably inserted into the sliding box 16, so that the ridger 20 can stably move up and down to adjust the height of the ridger 20, the ridger 20 is stably and not rocked in the lifting process, the lifting adjustment of the ridger 20 is accurate, the water quantity in furrows is accurately controlled, the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and the technical effect that the absorption of rice seeds to cadmium is always kept at a low level is ensured.
In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the height of the ridger 20 to be adjustable is to enable the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds of this embodiment to be applicable to paddy fields under various complex conditions, expand the application range and adaptability of the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds of this embodiment, and have good practicability.
Correspondingly, the lower the height of the ridger 20 is, the deeper and the wider the furrows are, and the wider the ridge surface 15 is, whereas the higher the height of the ridger 20 is, the shallower the furrows are, the narrower the width of the ridge surface 15 is, so that the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds in the embodiment can flexibly design the ridge surface 15 and the furrows according to the actual condition of a paddy field for specific cultivation, the ridging quality is improved, the accurate injection of a proper amount of water into the furrows is facilitated, the water quantity in the furrows is accurately controlled, the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and the technical effect that the absorption of the cadmium by the seeds of rice is always kept at a low level is ensured.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-6, a chute 161 extending in the height direction of the slide box 16 is provided through the side surface of the slide box 16, and the chute 161 communicates with a slide hole 162 in the slide box 16; the lower extreme of lifting device 18 passes through connector 27 fixed connection slide shaft 17, slide box 16 has a pair ofly, and the symmetry sets up in the both sides of lifting device 18, the both ends of slide shaft 17 insert respectively in the spout 161 of a slide box 16 and with inserted bar 19 fixed connection, drive through lifting device 18 slide shaft 17 reciprocates in spout 161, then drive ridger 20 and go up and down, slide shaft 17 is spacing through two slide boxes 16, can make it steadily reciprocate in spout 161, then strengthen ridger 20 and go up and down stationarity, help ridger 20 to go up and down to adjust accurately, do benefit to the accurate water yield that controls in the furrow, make the water surface in each furrow to the altitude difference of ridge face 15 equal with the setting value, ensure to realize that rice grain is to the absorption of cadmium remains at low level technological effect all the time.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the ridger 20 includes a plurality of V-shaped plates 201 arranged at intervals and in a shape of a line, the direction of the line is perpendicular to the direction of forward movement of the ridger 20, the cross section of the V-shaped plates 201 is V-shaped, the extending direction of the V-shaped plates is parallel to the direction of forward movement of the ridger 20, a baffle 205 is fixedly disposed at one end of the direction of forward movement of each V-shaped plate 201, the baffle 205 defines a furrow area 203 in the V-shaped plate 201, the furrow area 203 can enable the V-shaped plate 201 to generate furrows when moving forward in a paddy field, preferably, the baffle 205 is flush with the end face of one end of the direction of forward movement of the V-shaped plate 201, as shown in fig. 7, so designed that the impact of the ridging depth caused by the soil entering the V-shaped plate 201 when moving forward in the paddy field can be avoided; the two adjacent V-shaped plates 201 are fixedly connected through a flat top plate 204, the flat top plate 204 and the two adjacent V-shaped plates 201 are jointly defined into a ridging area 206 under the flat top plate 204, and the ridging area 206 enables the two adjacent V-shaped plates 201 to generate ridge backs when moving forwards in a paddy field; the inserted link 19 is fixedly connected with the flat top plate 204, the greater the depth of the V-shaped plate 201 inserted into the soil, the deeper the furrows, the wider the ridge surface 15 and the ridge surface 15, and conversely, the shallower and smaller the furrows.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the vertical plates 202 are vertically and fixedly arranged at two ends of the flat top plate 204 along the linear arrangement direction, the vertical plates 202 extend along the advancing movement direction of the V-shaped plate 201, the upper ends of the vertical plates 202 are fixedly connected with the flat top plate 204, the lower ends of the vertical plates 202 are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the V-shaped plate 201 in a smooth connection manner, the two vertical plates 202 enable the ditching area 203 and the ridging area 206 to extend and expand upwards, the areas of the ditching area 203 and the ridging area 206 are increased, the size adjustment range of ridge backs and the furrows is enlarged, the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds in the embodiment can be suitable for paddy fields under various complex conditions, the application range and the adaptability of the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of seeds in the embodiment are further enlarged, in addition, the vertical plates 202 are arranged to enable the scraping plates 207 to level the ridge surface 15 to be compacted, the ridge quality to be improved, the height difference between the water surface 15 in the ridge surface is prevented from being constant, the height difference between the ridge surface 15 and the set value is controlled accurately, the water level difference between the ridge surface and the water level is always kept equal to the water level difference between the water level of each ridge surface and the rice is guaranteed, and the water level difference is kept equal to the water level of the rice is kept.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a scraper 207 is disposed in the ridging area 206, the scraper 207 is disposed vertically and is perpendicular to the riser 202, the upper end of the scraper 207 is fixedly connected with the flat top plate 204, two sides of the scraper 207 can slide close to the riser 202, the lower end of the scraper 207 is flush with the upper end of the V-shaped plate 201, the scraper 207 is provided with an elastic plate, the elastic plate can be bent, the ridger 20 can move forward in the paddy field to push soil on the ridge surface 15 to push the scraper 207, two sides of the lower end of the scraper 207 are tightly attached to the riser 202 to slide and bend towards one end deviating from the forward moving direction, as shown in fig. 1, the design is such that the scraper 207 is beneficial to realizing the compaction of the ridge, the ridge surface 15 is scraped flat, the ridging quality is improved, the collapse of the ridge back is prevented, the height difference from the water surface to the ridge surface 15 in each furrow is equal to a set value, and the rice grain is ensured to be absorbed by the rice grain to be kept at a low level all the time.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a scanning imaging device 14 is disposed between the ridger 20 and the seedbed 11 on the first mounting plate 13, the scanning imaging device 14 is fixedly mounted on the first mounting plate 13 and is used for scanning the paddy field ground to generate 3D patterns of furrows and ridges, the 3D patterns of furrows and ridges are transferred to the controller 40, the controller 40 adjusts the rotation speed of the water pump 41 and the opening of the control valve 29 according to the 3D patterns of furrows and ridges generated in real time, then adjusts the water injection quantity of the spray heads 30 into each furrow, thereby realizing precise control of the water quantity in the furrow, ensuring that the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and realizing the technical effect that the absorption of rice seeds to cadmium is always kept at a low level, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of control valves 29 are disposed on the trowel 9, and a plurality of spray heads 30 are disposed below the seedbed 11 and at the rear end in the advancing direction of the gripper 12, and the quantity of water injection quantity of each spray head 30 into each furrow is equal to the control valve 29; the control valve 29 is communicated with the water pump 41 through the water pipe 42, the water pump 41 is positioned in the water tank 28, the water pump 41 is connected with the controller 40, and the controller 40 can adjust the rotating speed of the water pump 41 and the opening of the control valve 29 according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and the ridges, and then adjust the water injection quantity of the spray heads 30 into each furrow.
In addition, the invention also provides a paddy field cultivation method capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds, and the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds by adopting any one of the above steps is used for executing the following steps:
s1, a motor 2 is started to drive a rotating wheel 3 to move in a paddy field, the paddy field ground is leveled by a bucket 6, the ground is leveled before ridging, the ridging quality is improved, the follow-up accurate control of the water quantity in furrows is facilitated, the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to a ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, and the technical effect that the absorption of rice grains to cadmium is always kept at a low level is ensured;
s2, controlling the lifting device 18 to drive the ridger 20 to lift and adjust the height of the ridger 20 to a set position so as to meet the ridging requirements of different paddy fields;
s3, placing rice seedlings on the seedbed 11, starting the mechanical claw 12 to grasp the rice seedlings on the seedbed 11, and inserting the rice seedlings into the ridge surface 15 generated by the ridger 20;
s4, opening the scanning imaging device 14 to obtain 3D graphics of furrows and ridge backs, adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump 41 and the opening of the control valve 29 according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and ridge backs, and then adjusting the water injection quantity of the spray heads 30 into each furrow, so that the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface 15 is equal to a set value, the technical effect that the absorption of rice seeds to cadmium is always kept at a low level is ensured, the set value is a numerical value of quantifiable operation scientifically designed according to each condition of a paddy field in a certain area, and the numerical value is required to be obtained through a plurality of test field experiments in the earlier stage.
The technical means of controlling the water quantity in the furrows to keep the cadmium absorption of rice seeds at a low level all the time is adopted to solve the technical problem that the cadmium in the rice seeds exceeds the standard, compared with the prior art of adopting chemical modifier to treat the cadmium pollution of soil, the chemical modifier has no side effect, can be used for a long time and year, ensures the technical effect that the cadmium absorption of the rice seeds is kept at the low level all the time, and has good treatment effect that the cadmium in the rice seeds exceeds the standard.
Further, the paddy field cultivation method of the embodiment further includes:
s5, applying chemical modifier to the paddy field to raise the pH value of the soil, so as to further reduce the cadmium absorption of the paddy seeds, the cadmium content in the paddy seeds is further greatly reduced, the chromium concentration in the soil is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of the paddy are improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing the cadmium content of the seeds is characterized by comprising a wheel frame and a rotating wheel rotatably arranged on the wheel frame, wherein a motor in transmission connection with the rotating wheel is arranged on the wheel frame, and the rotating wheel is driven to rotate through the motor;
the rear end of the wheel frame in the moving direction is connected with a ridger, the rear end of the ridger in the moving direction is connected with a seedbed, a mechanical claw is arranged below the seedbed, and the mechanical claw is used for grabbing rice seedlings on the seedbed and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface generated by the ridger.
2. The paddy field cultivation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bucket is provided at a front end of the wheel frame in a moving direction, the bucket is fixedly connected to one end of the swing arm, the other end of the swing arm is hinged to one end of the fixed arm, the other end of the fixed arm is fixedly connected to the wheel frame, a push-pull device is hinged to the fixed arm, a movable end of the push-pull device is hinged to the swing arm, and the push-pull device drives the swing arm and the bucket to swing up and down relative to the fixed arm.
3. A paddy field cultivation apparatus for reducing cadmium content of seeds as defined in claim 2, wherein said rotating wheel has one and is positioned at the center of the wheel frame, and said fixed arm and said swinging arm have a pair and are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the rotating wheel.
4. The paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seedbed and the wheel frame are connected through a trowel, the trowel comprises a flat plate and a warping plate arranged at one end of the advancing direction of the flat plate, the warping plate is fixedly connected with the wheel frame, a mounting frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the retreating direction of the flat plate, a mounting plate I is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, the mounting frame and the mounting plate I are fixedly connected with the seedbed, and the ridger is connected with the mounting plate I;
the tilted plate is an arc plate, one end of the tilted plate, which is tilted upwards, is fixedly connected with the wheel frame, and the other end of the tilted plate, which is tilted upwards correspondingly, is fixedly connected with the flat plate.
5. The paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds according to claim 4, wherein a sliding box and a lifting device are vertically and fixedly arranged on the first mounting plate, the lower end of the sliding box is open, a plug rod is vertically and fixedly arranged on the ridger, the upper end of the plug rod is slidably inserted into the sliding box, a sliding groove extending along the height direction of the sliding box is arranged on the side surface of the sliding box in a penetrating manner, and the sliding groove is communicated with a sliding hole in the sliding box;
the lower end of the lifting device is fixedly connected with a sliding shaft, the sliding boxes are provided with a pair, two ends of each sliding shaft are respectively inserted into a sliding groove of one sliding box and are fixedly connected with the inserting rod, and the sliding shafts can move up and down in the sliding grooves.
6. The paddy field cultivation apparatus capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ridger comprises a plurality of V-shaped plates which are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a straight line shape, a baffle plate is fixedly arranged at one end of each V-shaped plate in the advancing direction, a ditch raising area is defined in each V-shaped plate by the baffle plate, and the ditch raising area can enable the V-shaped plates to move in the paddy field to generate furrows;
the two adjacent V-shaped plates are fixedly connected through a flat top plate, the flat top plate and the two adjacent V-shaped plates jointly define a ridging area, and the ridging area enables the two adjacent V-shaped plates to move in a paddy field to generate a ridge back;
the inserted link is fixedly connected with the flat top plate.
7. The paddy field cultivation apparatus capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds according to claim 6, wherein two ends of the flat top plate are vertically and fixedly provided with mutually parallel vertical plates, the vertical plates extend along the moving direction of the V-shaped plate, the upper ends of the vertical plates are connected with the flat top plate, the lower ends of the vertical plates are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the V-shaped plate, and the two vertical plates enable the ditching area and the ridging area to extend upwards;
the ridging area is internally provided with a scraping plate, the scraping plate is vertically arranged and is vertical to the vertical plate, the upper end of the scraping plate is fixedly connected with the flat top plate, the two side surfaces of the scraping plate can slide tightly against the vertical plate, and the lower end of the scraping plate is flush with the upper end of the V-shaped plate;
the ridger can push the scraping plate by soil on the ridge surface when advancing in the paddy field, so that two side surfaces of the lower end of the scraping plate cling to one end of the vertical plate, which is far away from the advancing direction, and slide.
8. The paddy field cultivation apparatus for reducing cadmium content in seeds according to claim 4, wherein a scanning imaging device is arranged between the ridger and the seedbed on the first mounting plate, and the scanning imaging device is used for scanning the paddy field ground to generate a 3D pattern of furrows and ridges.
9. The paddy field cultivation apparatus capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds according to claim 8, wherein a water tank is arranged on the trowel, a plurality of control valves are arranged below the seedbed and at the rear end in the advancing direction of the mechanical claw, a spray head is arranged on each control valve, each spray head can fill water into a furrow, and the number of the control valves is equal to the number of the furrows;
the control valve is communicated with the water pump through the water delivery pipe, the water pump is positioned in the water tank, the water pump is connected with the controller, the controller can adjust the rotating speed of the water pump and the opening of the control valve according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and the backs of the furrows, and then the water injection quantity of the spray heads into each furrow is adjusted.
10. A paddy field cultivation method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds, characterized in that the paddy field cultivation device capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted to execute the following steps:
starting a motor to drive a rotating wheel to move in the paddy field, and leveling the ground of the paddy field by means of a bucket;
controlling a lifting device to drive a ridger to lift and adjust the height of the ridger to a set position;
placing rice seedlings on a seedling bed, starting a mechanical claw to grasp Miao Chuangshang rice seedlings, and inserting the rice seedlings into a ridge surface generated by a ridger;
and opening the scanning imaging device to obtain 3D graphics of the furrows and the ridge backs, adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump and the opening of the control valve according to the 3D graphics of the furrows and the ridge backs, and then adjusting the water injection quantity of the spray head into each furrow, so that the height difference from the water surface in each furrow to the ridge surface is equal to a set value.
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| CN202311376655.4A CN117256220B (en) | 2023-10-24 | 2023-10-24 | Rice field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds |
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| CN202311376655.4A CN117256220B (en) | 2023-10-24 | 2023-10-24 | Rice field cultivation device and method capable of reducing cadmium content in seeds |
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