Nicotiana tabacum L. fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, particularly relate to a kind of for industrial crops Nicotiana tabacum L.s fertilising ridging plane hole
All-in-one.
Background technology
Ridge culture technology is an important technology in China's agricultural cultivation, is particularly well-suited to plant Nicotiana tabacum L., Cotton Gossypii, Radix Ipomoeae etc. big
Plant crops.Nicotiana tabacum L. is one of Chinese main industrial crops, and its taxes and profits occupy critical positions in state revenue.
The land for growing field crops operation of tobacco planting includes wholely, ridging, apply fertilizer, dig hole, transplanting, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, results
Deng, wherein ridging, to apply fertilizer, dig hole be most basic link.According to the literature, cultivation and the difference of fertilizer application mode, to cigarette strain
Growth rate, yield of tobacco are different with the impact of quality, and there is some difference to make planting effect.The production cultivation of Nicotiana tabacum L. for many years
Mode and operation means are limited to by traditional consciousness and plot, in tradition leaf tobacco production, and fertilising operation, ridging operation and plane hole
Operation is carried out separately, and operation repeats, and is unfavorable for carrying out of modern tobacco agriculture mechanization, it is therefore desirable to develops one and executes
The all-in-one that fertile ridging plane hole is carried out simultaneously.
Existing various fertilizer applicators, ridger and plane hole machine on market, be all separately to carry out operation, the single fertilising of fertilizer applicator,
The special ridging of ridger, digs the single pit digging of hole, and function is more single, and operation repeats, and mechanization degree is relatively low;Recently go out again
Show ridge-forming and fertilizing all-in-one, functionally obtained perfect, efficiency is improved, but there are still repetition operation
Problem, owing to furrow is repeated to roll by tractor, cause furrow to be compacted, reduce the aeration status of soil, fall
The validation of nutrient in low soil, is unfavorable for the growth of cigarette strain root system after slow Seedling, the most relatively costly, time-consuming, causes
The waste of manpower and materials.
Existing fertilising ridging plane hole machinery also has wheel shovel tobacco leaf vegetables ridging pit digging fertilizer applicator and vega ridging, applies fertilizer, dig
Cave combination machine.Such as ZL200620121826 patent, first pass through ridging ploughshare ditching, ridging, afterwards to ridge platform concora crush, concora crush
Ridge platform carries out pit digging afterwards, and fertilising uses and is transported at the bottom of ridge by fertilizer from defertilizing tube, the most also discharges defeated by fertilizer from defertilizing opening
Deliver to cheat the end, it is achieved twice fertilising;No. 201320228188.6 patent applications, this invention is by ridging machinery, dress fertilizer box, car
Wheel fertilizer controlling device, pit-digging spade composition, dress fertilizer box is arranged in frame, and dress fertilizer box bottom is provided with control fertilizer lid, and frame both sides are provided with car
Wheel fertilizer controlling device, sprocket shaft is connected with control fertilizer lid, and sprocket wheel is connected with wheel fertilizer controlling device chain, and pit-digging spade is fixed on axis,
Axis is fixed in the frame of rear end.Use this for solving the single fertilising of fertilizer applicator, the repetition operation of the special ridging of ridger
Problem, makes mechanization degree be greatly improved, and alleviates labor intensity, has saved spending.Both machinery is to plains region
Carrying out operation and design, each task module is fixing or scalable amplitude is less, poor to the adaptation ability of farming landform,
Do not adapt to the needs of West Liaoning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to design the fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one that a kind of suitable West Liaoning Nicotiana tabacum L. needs, this equipment collection ridging
Fertilising plane hole once completes, and reduces labor intensity, cost-effective, saving of work and time;Dose is adjustable with fertilization depth, can root
Being adjusted according to being actually needed, fertilizer is evenly distributed unanimously, and working performance is high.
The present invention can efficiently solve the problems referred to above, designs a kind of fertilising ridging plane hole one being suitable to West Liaoning Nicotiana tabacum L. needs
Machine, this equipment each several part is individual components, then is assembled into integrated machine rather than components welding complete machine by individual components, this
Sample can be adjusted according to actual needs, is suitable in Plain, mountain area, the tobacco planting area such as hills use, and more conforms to
Respectively plant the job requirements of cigarette landform.The present invention proposes following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
Nicotiana tabacum L. fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one, including front wheel driving power set, frame, regulation connecting rod, actuating device, fertilising
Device, ridger and plane hole device, is characterized in that: the elevating lever of described front wheel driving power set is connected with traction frame
Connecing, fertilizer apparatus, ridger are linked together with plane hole device by traction frame by regulation connecting rod;Fertilizer apparatus includes
Ditching share, fertilizing box, fertilization controller, defertilizing tube and stirring wheel, ditching share is placed in traction frame front lower place, dress
The fertilizing box having fertilising output shaft is positioned at the top of traction frame front, and the fertilization controller of fertilizing box side connects fertilizer-distributing shaft;
It is Chain conveyer between fertilising output shaft and fertilizer-distributing shaft;Described actuating device includes ground engaging stabiliser wheel, sprocket wheel and chain, fertilizer-distributing shaft and executes
Fertile output shaft, ground engaging stabiliser wheel is arranged on traction both sides, frame front lower place, and the sprocket wheel that wherein inner side of side ground engaging stabiliser wheel is installed passes through chain
Bar is connected with fertilizing box chain gear transmission, and fertilizing box sprocket wheel is connected with the chain gear transmission on stirring wheel line shaft;Defertilizing tube upper end with
Fertilizing box is connected, and bottom is fixed and connected in ditching share with the abdominal cavity of defertilizing opening;Described ridger includes ridging ploughshare
With scraper plate;Ridging ploughshare is arranged on the both sides of the traction frame back lower place, and scraper plate is arranged on traction frame aft and is positioned at furrower
The rear of ploughshare;Described plane hole device includes digging hole support, plane hole wheel shaft, plane hole wheel and plane hole wheel sheet, and plane hole support is symmetrical
Be arranged on traction frame rear end middle part, plane hole support between plane hole wheel shaft on equipped with plane hole wheel, dig hole wheel rim
On according to hole away from cloth equipped with plane hole wheel sheet.
Pass equipped with the sprocket wheel inside sprocket wheel A and B, its middle sprocket A and ground engaging stabiliser wheel on the fertilizer-distributing shaft that described fertilization controller connects
Being dynamically connected, sprocket wheel B is connected with the chain gear transmission on fertilising output shaft, with another sprocket wheel of the sprocket coaxiality on fertilising output shaft
Being in transmission connection with stirring wheel line shaft upper sprocket wheel by chain, transmission stirring wheel rotates.
The top band of described plane hole wheel sheet is fluted, has at the groove rear portion of wheel sheet for regulating the deep bar hole of hole with solid
Determine bolt.
The connecting hole of multiple regulation ploughshare position it is equipped with on the connecting plate of described ditching share and ridging ploughshare.
Fix U-shaped on the wheel rim of described ground engaging stabiliser wheel and touch ring.
Described traction frame is arranged on the transverse link between ground engaging stabiliser wheel, and the end between plane hole support longitudinal direction frame connects
Transverse link, the both sides between transverse link are propped up be configured to general frame equipped with longitudinal rods and with traction frame and plane hole.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following characteristics that present invention stirring wheel while fertilising stirring serves as auxiliary power
Wheel, makes fertilizer under fertilizing box more uniform, effectively strengthens operation effectiveness, and fertilization effect is good;Ridge height, row spacing, ridge
The depth adjustable of ditch, has stronger adaptability to working environment;The degree of depth of plane hole and hole are away from entering according to the characteristic of different cultivars
Row sum-equal matrix;Remaining during operation that level travels, operation quality is good, it is easy to application;The fertilising of the machine collection, ridging, plane
Hole function, in one, both can guarantee that on-demand fertilising, stops leakage and executes, the uneven phenomenon such as executes more, it is possible to meets Nicotiana tabacum L. grains dedicated
Fertile requirement;Ridging colter installation site is symmetrical, and ridging is full, increases ridge height, strengthens drought resisting water drainage, the energy of soil moisture conservation
Power;This equipment each several part is individual components, then is assembled into integrated machine rather than components welding complete machine by individual components, this
Sample can be adjusted according to actual needs, is suitable in Plain, mountain area, the tobacco planting area such as hills use, and more conforms to
Respectively plant the job requirements of cigarette landform;Utilize the present invention can effectively solve the landform restriction to tobacco machine equalization, reduce weight
The multiple operation impact on tobacco-growing soil, maintains the physical characteristic of soil, the beneficially growth of cigarette strain root system;Present configuration
Simple and practical, cost is relatively low, saving of work and time, use and easy to adjust, failure rate is low, service life is long, and is fully able to
Meet the requirement to do mechanization operation of each tobacco bred, and according to practical situation, each technical specification can be adjusted, make work
Industry effect reaches optimization, is a kind of fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one being suitable to West Liaoning Nicotiana tabacum L. needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the present invention apply fertilizer ridging plane hole all-in-one machine structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1
In figure: 1 ditching share, 2 defertilizing tubes, 3 traction frames, 4 ground engaging stabiliser wheels, 4.1 touch ring, 5 fertilizing boxs, 6.1~6.6
Sprocket wheel, 7 fertilization controllers, 8 chains, 9 stirring wheels, 10 ridging ploughshares, 11 scraper plates, 12 plane hole supports, 13 plane holes
Wheel, 14 plane hole wheel shafts, 15 plane hole wheel sheets, 15.1 grooves, 15.2 bar holes, 15.3 fix bolt, 16 elevating levers, 17.1,
17.2 transverse links;17.3 longitudinal rods;18 fertilizer-distributing shafts, 19 fertilising output shafts, 20 connecting holes.
Detailed description of the invention
Enter to make a step explanation to the specific embodiment of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, Nicotiana tabacum L. of the present invention fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one, mainly by front wheel driving power set, frame,
Regulation connecting rod, actuating device, fertilizer apparatus, ridger and plane hole device composition, the liter of described front wheel driving power set
Fall bar 16 is connected with traction frame 3, and traction frame 3 is connected with each device assembly by regulation connecting rod, will by regulation connecting rod
Fertilizer apparatus, ridger link together with plane hole device;Traction frame 3 is arranged on the transverse link between ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4
On 17.1, the end between the longitudinal frame of plane hole support 12 connects transverse link 17.2, in transverse link (17.1,17.2)
Between both sides equipped with longitudinal rod 17.3 and with traction frame 3 and dig hole support 12 constitute general frame.Described traction
Frame 3 is all made up of shape extrusion.Power set are connected with traction frame 3 by elevating lever 16 behind, front wheel driving
Power set be made up of 304 or 354 tractors;Fertilizer apparatus include ditching share 1, fertilizing box 5, fertilization controller 7,
Defertilizing tube 2 and stirring wheel 9, ditching share 1 is placed in traction frame 3 front lower place, at ditching share 1 and ridging ploughshare 10
Connecting plate on be equipped with the connecting hole 20 of multiple regulation ploughshare position;Fertilizing box 5 equipped with fertilising output shaft 19 is positioned at traction
The top of frame 3 front portion, the fertilization controller 7 of fertilizing box 5 side is connected fertilizer-distributing shaft 18, is adjusted by fertilization controller 7
The size of joint dose;It is Chain conveyer between fertilising output shaft 19 and fertilizer-distributing shaft 18.
As in figure 2 it is shown, actuating device includes ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4, sprocket wheel 6.1~6.6 and chain 8, fertilizer-distributing shaft 18 and fertilising output
Axle 19, ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4 is arranged on traction both sides, frame 3 front lower place, in formed symmetrical state, fixing on the wheel rim of ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4
Having U-shaped to touch ring 4.1, this structure not only can reduce the running resistance that lands of wheel, moreover it is possible to alleviates and causes the grinding pressure of furrow
Furrow is compacted;The sprocket wheel that wherein inner side of side ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4 is installed is connected with fertilizing box 5 chain gear transmission by chain 8,
Fertilizing box 5 sprocket wheel is connected with the chain gear transmission on stirring wheel 9 line shaft;The concrete kind of drive: fertilization controller 7 connects
Sprocket wheel 6.1 equipped with sprocket wheel A and B (6.2,6.3) on fertilizer-distributing shaft 18, inside its middle sprocket A (6.2) and ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4
Be in transmission connection, sprocket wheel B (6.3) with fertilising output shaft 19 on sprocket wheel 6.4 be in transmission connection, with fertilising output shaft 19 on
Coaxial another sprocket wheel 6.5 of sprocket wheel 6.4 is in transmission connection with stirring wheel 9 line shaft upper sprocket wheel 6.6 by chain 8, and transmission is stirred
Mix wheel 9 rotation.Defertilizing tube 2 upper end is connected with fertilizing box 5, and bottom is fixed and connected in the abdominal cavity of ditching share 1, in abdominal cavity
Front is provided with defertilizing opening;Described ridger includes ridging ploughshare 10 and scraper plate 11;Ridging ploughshare 10 is arranged on traction machine
The both sides of frame 3 back lower place, in formed symmetrical state, scraper plate 11 is arranged on traction frame 3 afterbody and is positioned at ridging ploughshare 10
Rear, ridge is trained molded after ridging;Described plane hole device include dig hole support 12, plane hole wheel shaft 14,
Plane hole wheel 13 and plane hole wheel sheet 15, plane hole support 12 is symmetrically mounted at traction middle part, frame 3 rear end, for scalable
Assembly, is screwed in frame, equipped with a plane hole wheel 13 on the plane hole wheel shaft 14 between plane hole support 12,
Sheet 15 is taken turns away from cloth equipped with plane hole according to hole on plane hole wheel rim.At the top band fluted 15.1 of plane hole wheel sheet 15, at wheel sheet
Groove rear portion has for regulating the deep bar hole of hole 15.2 and fixing bolt 15.3.
The use process of the present invention:
One, preparation
1, plough deeply, level land;2, Hefei, stirs applied fertilizer material.
Two, equipment adjusts
A) carry out ridge height, row spacing adjusts with row spacing, by adjusting all-in-one traction frame 3 and ditching share 1 and ridging ploughshare
The connecting hole 20 of the 10 multiple positions arranged on connecting plate reaches operation or work standard;The height on cigarette ridge, row spacing, furrow deep
Spending adjustable, ridging height is 15~30cm, and ridging width is 80~120cm, and row spacing adjustable extent 110~140cm, to work
Industry environment has stronger adaptability;
B) the plane degree of depth of hole and hole are away from adjustable, and hole is 50~60cm away from adjustable extent, can enter according to the breediness of different cultivars
Row sum-equal matrix;The length adjusting wheel sheet is used to realize spacing;Spacing in the rows: 50~60cm;
C) adjustment of dose and fertilization depth is carried out, by height and the fertilization controller 7 of regulation ditching share 1 position
Joint regulation is achieved.
Three, fertilising ridging plane hole operation
During fertilising ridging plane hole, hole is deep, hole away from control flow: 1, the regulation of the wheel leaf length of plane hole assembly, hole be deeply 8~
12cm.2, the regulation of the wheel sheet number of plane hole assembly, hole, away from for 50~60cm, takes turns sheet 5.
During fertilising ridging plane hole, dose, the control flow of fertilization depth: 1, quantitative fertilization system is by fertilization controller and fertilizer
Case is constituted, and fertilizing box volume is designed as 240L (liter);Dose: every mu 40~45kg;2, fertilization depth is by regulation
The height of fertilising ploughshare realizes, fertilization depth 15~30cm.
Use fertilising ridging plane hole all-in-one operation: when the machine carries out ridging plane hole operation of applying fertilizer under the drive of forerunner's power,
The elevating lever 16 being controlled elevating mechanism by Power Component is declined, and makes ground engaging stabiliser wheel 4 contact with ground, produces frictional rotation;Connect
Land wheel 4 is rotated by the sprocket wheel A (6.2) on fertilizer-distributing shaft 18 in chain 8 and sprocket wheel 6.1 transmission fertilizing box 5, and drives same
Fertilization controller 7 on axle rotates, and fertilizer is entered the abdominal cavity of ditching share 1 until fertilizer by fertilizing box 5 by defertilizing tube 2
Mouth is discharged, when ditching share 1 outputs strip groove simultaneously in field, and fertilizer synchronizes to send into bottom of trench, simultaneously on fertilization controller 7
Sprocket wheel rotate drive coaxial upper sprocket wheel B (6.3) rotate, sprocket wheel B pass through chain 8 band movable sprocket 6.4 and stirring wheel 9
Line shaft upper sprocket wheel 6.6 rotates, and sprocket wheel 6.6 drives coaxial upper stirring power chain 6.5 to rotate, and power wheel passes through chain 8
Drive stirring wheel 9 to rotate, make stirring wheel 9 be stirred by fertilizer in bar ditch;And then ridging ploughshare 10 is by the soil on both sides
Digging, buried by fertilizer and on intermediate formation ridge, the scraper plate 11 of ridging frame aft scrapes off surface dust for cigarette ridge in time subsequently, will
Ridge training is molded, with the requirement of satisfied plane hole;While ridge training is molded, plane hole wheel 13 rotation of plane hole assembly, drive plane
Hole wheel sheet 15 works, wheel sheet top band fluted 15.1, and logical setting pinion inserts and routs up face, ridge and turned over by soil and take realization plane hole out of.