CN117144913A

CN117144913A - Construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving and pile driver

Info

Publication number: CN117144913A
Application number: CN202311222064.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周厚贵; 庞炬东; 张兰; 林华国; 吕文龙
Original assignee: Guangzhou Wanzhou Machinery Equipment Co ltd; Guangdong Sparta Heavy Industry Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Wanzhou Machinery Equipment Co ltd; Guangdong Sparta Heavy Industry Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-20
Filing date: 2023-09-20
Publication date: 2023-12-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving and a pile driver, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: s1, positioning a pile driver, S2, placing and debugging the pile driver, horizontally calibrating the pile driver, S3, feeding piles, S4, aligning pile pressing positions, S5, and pile pressing and pile feeding. The construction method and the pile driver provided by the invention can enable the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed to pass through the pile hammer, reduce the height of the hammer core and the height of the movement stroke of the hammer core, greatly reduce the height of the frame body of the pile frame, greatly reduce the gravity center of equipment, greatly reduce the risk of overturning, and enable the minimum construction height of the precast pile to be close to the pile length of a single precast pile. According to the invention, through synchronous improvement of the structural design and the construction method of the piling equipment, the piling equipment and the construction method are mutually cooperated, so that the technical problems in the aspects of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety, environmental protection and the like can be solved, and the high efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process can be ensured.

Description

Construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving and pile driver

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction equipment, in particular to a low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving construction method and a pile driver.

Background

The hammering pile driver has the advantages of quick construction, reliable quality, high bearing capacity, low cost, wide applicable stratum and the like, and is widely applied to pile foundation engineering of various engineering constructions.

Hammer pile driver devices typically include a pile hammer, a pile frame and a power unit. The traditional hammering method is to set a pile cap on the pile top, and hammer the pile cap through various hammers (drop hammer, steam hammer, diesel hammer and hydraulic hammer) to send the pile into the established stratum. The traditional hammering pile method is convenient to construct and simple in principle, but the pile frame body height (the pile frame body height is equal to the length of a single-section construction pile, the height of a hammer, the stroke of the hammer and the height of the construction operation) is necessarily large, and the traditional hammering pile driver has the following defects: 1) A low clearance field cannot be used. The higher pile frame limits the application range of the hammering pile, so that the hammering pile cannot be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under supporting beams in a foundation pit, under an overhead bridge, in a tunnel and the like). 2) The equipment has higher requirements on the field. In order to prevent the pile machine from overturning in the construction process, a larger chassis is required to be arranged on a higher pile frame to ensure the stability of the pile machine, and the large chassis further limits the application range of hammering the pile, and meanwhile, the equipment cost and the construction cost of the pile machine are increased. 3) The pile head is prone to bursting problems. The pile end of the precast pile is dense in steel bars and inconsistent in elastic modulus of the steel bars and the concrete due to the structural reason, and the concrete at the pile end is difficult to cast and compact. The pile hammer blows the pile top to generate high hammering compressive stress, and simultaneously, the pile hammer generates hammering tensile stress on the pile top when rebounding, so that the quality problem of pile top bursting easily occurs during continuous hammering.

In the prior art, a pile hammer with application number of CN93241680.2 and an indoor pile driver using the pile hammer are disclosed, wherein the pile hammer comprises a hammer sleeve with a hole at the bottom; a pile cap capable of penetrating the hole and sliding, a limiting device capable of controlling the sliding range of the pile cap, and a first connector for sleeving a pile at the bottom of the pile cap, wherein the limiting device is arranged on the hammer sleeve; a weight slidably mounted on an upper portion of the pile cap in the hammer case and capable of striking the upper portion of the pile cap from top to bottom; a positioning device for ensuring that the weight acts on the pile cap is arranged on the weight, and the positioning device is a second interface for sleeving the upper part of the pile cap; a hydraulic means for lifting the weight so that the weight can be landed on the pile cap; and a first cushioning means for cushioning the impact of the weight on the pile cap and/or a second cushioning means between the pile cap and the hammer case; the pile driver is also provided with a control part, a power part and a guide frame device which inclines the pile hammer to transport or erect to work or change the height during work; the pile driver is also provided with a chassis which is arranged on a tractor capable of driving the pile driver to move, and the pile hammer and a guide frame part thereof are arranged on the chassis; the pile driver further comprises retractable anchor legs for supporting and anchoring. The prior art can save the height of the frame body of a part of pile frames, and the minimum construction height required during construction is equal to the length of a single construction pile, the height of a hammer and the stroke of the hammer, but the prior art still cannot be used in some low-clearance scenes; the pile hammer is hung at the front end of the caterpillar tractor, so that the phenomenon of pile machine overturning is easy to occur, and the stability is poor; in addition, the prior art adopts a traditional pile head hammering method to drive piles, the pile heads still easily have bursting problems, and construction quality and construction efficiency are affected.

Therefore, in the construction process of low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving in the prior art, technical problems in the aspects of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety, environmental protection and the like are difficult to be considered, and the high efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process cannot be ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction method and a pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, which aim at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and are based on various requirements of pile driving construction in a low-clearance scene.

The technical scheme is as follows:

a construction method of low headroom hydraulic hammering piling, comprising the following steps:

s1, a pile machine is in place, a low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is moved to a height-limiting area to be constructed, the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver comprises a pile frame and a holding clamp type hammering pile hammer, the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders, a vertical sliding frame and a driving motor for driving the holding clamp type hammering pile hammer to lift along the vertical sliding frame, the holding clamp type hammering pile hammer comprises a wedge type pile holding device, an anvil block, a hammer core, a door type hammer frame and two hammering oil cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate downwards from top to bottom to strike the anvil block, penetrating through holes for penetrating precast piles are respectively formed in the middles of the hammer core and the anvil block, and pile holding holes for holding the precast piles are formed in the middles of the wedge type pile holding device;

S2, placing, debugging and horizontally calibrating the pile driver, placing the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver above a pile position of a pile foundation to be constructed, and enabling an underframe of the leveling base to be in a horizontal state by adjusting four telescopic supporting legs of the leveling base; controlling the extension of the two amplitude-variable oil cylinders to enable the vertical sliding frame to be perpendicular to the underframe, and then controlling the clamping type hammering pile hammer to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical sliding frame through the driving motor to obtain the vertical distance H1 between a pile clamping wedge block of the wedge type pile clamping device and a pile position operation surface of a pile foundation to be constructed;

s3, feeding piles, controlling two amplitude-variable cylinders to shrink, enabling a vertical sliding frame to rotate and flatly place above a bottom frame of a leveling base, driving a clamping type hammering pile driving hammer to flatly place above the bottom frame of the leveling base through the vertical sliding frame, then adjusting a plurality of pile clamping wedges of a wedge type pile clamping device to be in a low position, thereby expanding the aperture of pile clamping holes of the wedge type pile clamping device, enabling the top end of a precast pile to be constructed to sequentially pass through pile clamping holes and penetrating through holes of the pile clamping hammer, and tightly clamping the middle part of the precast pile to be constructed through pile clamping wedges of the wedge type pile clamping device, wherein the distance H2 between the bottom end of the precast pile to be constructed and the clamping position of the pile clamping wedges is smaller than H1;

S4, aligning pile pressing positions, controlling extension of two amplitude variable oil cylinders, enabling the inclination angle of the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer to correspond to the design inclination angle of the precast pile to be constructed, and then controlling the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer to descend through a driving motor, so that the pile bottom of the precast pile to be constructed is abutted to the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed;

s5, pile pressing and pile feeding, wherein the two hammering oil cylinders are controlled to drive the hammer cores to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil, the anvil acts on the wedge type pile holding device, the pile holding wedge of the wedge type pile holding device drives the precast pile to sink, and the precast pile is fed into the foundation.

The step S5 includes the steps of:

s51, in the pile driving process of the precast pile, when the distance between the clasping position of the wedge type pile clasping device clasping the precast pile to be constructed and the working surface is smaller than 0.5m, firstly stopping the beating action of the two hammering cylinders, then controlling the wedge type pile clasping device to loosen the clasping of the precast pile, and adjusting a plurality of pile clasping wedges of the wedge type pile clasping device to be at a low position, so that the aperture of pile clasping holes of the wedge type pile clasping device is enlarged; and then controlling the clasping type hammering pile hammer to lift the clasping type hammering pile hammer along the upper end direction of the vertical sliding frame through the driving motor, and after the wedge type pile clasping device clasps the precast pile again, continuously controlling two hammering cylinders to reciprocate up and down to strike the anvil, and continuously driving the precast pile to sink through a pile clasping wedge of the wedge type pile clasping device.

The length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the clearance height of the height-limited area to be constructed, the pile foundation to be constructed comprises a plurality of sections of precast piles, and the step S5 further comprises the following steps:

s521, stopping the beating action of two hammering cylinders and loosening the clasping action of the next precast pile when the distance from the pile top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5m to 0.7m in the pile driving and delivering process of the precast pile, controlling the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical sliding frame through the driving motor, moving the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer to the upper part of the next precast pile, then hoisting the previous precast pile, enabling the lower end of the previous precast pile to sequentially pass through the penetrating through hole and the pile clasping hole of the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer from top to bottom, and controlling the clasping wedge block of the wedge type pile clasping device to clasp the middle part of the previous precast pile, and enabling the pile bottom of the previous precast pile to be abutted against the pile top of the next precast pile;

s522, pile extension, namely pile extension operation is carried out on the previous precast pile section and the next precast pile section;

s523, pile pressing and pile feeding of the previous precast pile, when pile splicing operation of the previous precast pile and the next precast pile is completed, controlling the two hammering cylinders to continuously reciprocate up and down to strike the anvil, and feeding the previous precast pile into the foundation until pile foundation construction is completed.

The low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver for implementing the construction method comprises a pile frame and a clamp type hammering pile driving hammer, wherein the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders, a vertical sliding frame and a driving motor for driving the clamp type hammering pile driving hammer to lift along the vertical sliding frame, the leveling base comprises a bottom frame and four telescopic supporting legs, the four telescopic supporting legs are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom frame, the lower ends of the two sides of the vertical sliding frame are respectively in rotary connection with the two sides of the front end of the top surface of the bottom frame, the lower ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the two sides of the rear end of the top surface of the bottom frame, and the upper ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the two sides of the vertical sliding frame; the holding clamping type hammering pile driving hammer comprises a wedge type pile holding device, an anvil block, a hammer core, a door type hammer frame and two hammering oil cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil block; the utility model discloses a pile holding device, including wedge type pile holding device, anvil, door type hammer frame, hammer core, through-hole, pile holding hole, through-hole, pile holding hole are formed in the middle of wedge type pile holding device through a plurality of clamp pile wedges and are used for holding precast pile tightly, through-hole, pile holding hole are in proper order by last down vertical opposite.

The door type hammer frame comprises a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the upper ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate, an avoidance notch is formed in the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate, two sides of a wedge type pile holding device are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, two sides of a hammer core are respectively connected with the first guide rail and the second guide rail in a vertical sliding manner through sliding grooves, two hammering oil cylinders are respectively arranged at two ends of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower ends of piston rods of the two hammering oil cylinders are respectively hinged with two sides of the hammer core; the through holes comprise first through holes and second through holes, the first through holes are formed in the middle of the hammer core, the second through holes are formed in the middle of the anvil, and the avoidance gaps, the first through holes, the second through holes and pile holding holes are vertically opposite from top to bottom in sequence.

The anvil comprises an anvil body, a hammering base plate and a hammering buffer cushion, wherein the anvil body, the hammering base plate and the hammering buffer cushion are respectively annular, an annular buffer groove is formed in the upper portion of the anvil body, the hammering buffer cushion is installed in the buffer groove, the hammering base plate is installed above the hammering buffer cushion and is matched and covered on a notch of the buffer groove, and the inner ring of the anvil body is annular to form a second penetrating through hole.

The holding clamping type hammering pile hammer further comprises two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer cushions, wherein the two pile hammer lifting lugs are arranged on the top surface of the top plate of the hammer frame and are positioned on two sides of the avoidance notch; the two limit cushions are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate of the hammer frame and are positioned right above the hammer core.

The holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer further comprises two first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, two second oil cylinder buffer gaskets and two oil cylinder pressing covers, wherein the hammering oil cylinder comprises a hammering oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder fixing gasket and hammering piston rods, hammer lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of a hammer frame top plate, oil cylinder installation through holes are respectively formed in two ends of the hammer frame top plate, the hammering oil cylinder body of the hammering oil cylinder penetrates through the first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, the oil cylinder fixing gasket and the second oil cylinder buffer gaskets from top to bottom, the outer side face of the hammering oil cylinder body is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder fixing gaskets, the oil cylinder pressing covers are tightly covered on the outer sides of the first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, the oil cylinder fixing gaskets and the second oil cylinder buffer gaskets, and are connected with the top face of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower end of the hammering piston rod is hinged with the hammer frame top plate through the hammer lugs.

The wedge-type pile holding device comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder body, a plurality of hydraulic clamping cylinders and a plurality of cylinder bases, wherein the wedge-shaped cylinder body is provided with an inner cylinder hole, the inner cylinder hole is gradually enlarged from top to bottom to form a truncated cone, the thickness of a pile clamping wedge is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the hydraulic clamping cylinders comprise clamping cylinder bodies and clamping piston rods, the upper ends of the clamping piston rods are hinged to the bottom surface of an anvil, the clamping cylinder bodies are connected with the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge through the cylinder bases, a plurality of pile clamping wedges are telescopically inserted into the inner cylinder hole from bottom to top, and the inner side surfaces of the pile clamping wedges enclose the pile holding hole.

The holding clamping type hammering pile driving hammer further comprises four oil cylinder lifting lugs, the number of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinders, pile clamping wedges and oil cylinder bases corresponds to that of the oil cylinder lifting lugs, the four oil cylinder lifting lugs are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the anvil block, and the clamping piston rods of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinders are hinged with the oil cylinder lifting lugs.

The vertical sliding frame comprises two vertical sliding rails and a U-shaped back frame, wherein the lower ends of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively connected with the two sides of the front end of the top surface of the underframe in a rotating mode, the two sides of the U-shaped back frame are respectively fixedly connected with the two vertical sliding rails, and the two sides of the holding clamping type hammering pile hammer are respectively connected with the two vertical sliding rails in a vertical sliding mode.

The driving motor comprises two windlass and two steel wire ropes, the vertical sliding frame further comprises two fixed pulleys, the two fixed pulleys are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the two vertical sliding rails, the two windlass is respectively arranged at two sides of the top surface of the underframe, one end of each steel wire rope is connected with each windlass, and the other end of each steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulleys and is connected with one side of the clamping hammering pile hammer.

The leveling base also comprises a sleeper beam, and the sleeper beam is arranged at the rear end of the top surface of the underframe.

It should be noted that:

the foregoing "first and second …" do not represent a specific number or order, but are merely for distinguishing between names.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally put in place when the product of the present invention is used, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The advantages and principles of the invention are described below:

1. according to the construction method and the pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, which are provided by the invention, based on various requirements of low-clearance scene pile driving, the pile driving equipment and the construction method are mutually cooperated through synchronous improvement of the structural design of the pile driving equipment and the construction method, so that the technical problems in the aspects of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety, environmental protection and the like can be solved, and the high efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process can be ensured. The invention can lead the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed to pass through the pile hammer, greatly reduce the height of the frame body of the pile frame, greatly reduce the gravity center of equipment, greatly reduce the risk of overturning, and lead the minimum construction height of the precast pile to be close to the pile length of a single precast pile. Compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required by the construction method reduces the height of the hammer core and the height of the movement stroke of the hammer core, so that the pile driver can be used in a low-clearance scene; the pile driving hammer is arranged on the pile frame, so that the phenomenon of overturning of the pile machine is avoided, in addition, the pile clamping wedge block of the wedge block type pile holding device holds the side face of the pile body, so that the stressed point of the pile subjected to hammering is moved to the circumferential side face of the pile body and is not at the pile end, the problem of bursting of the pile head is avoided, and the construction quality, efficiency and safety are improved.

2. The invention provides a construction method and a pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, wherein pile driving equipment and the construction method are mutually cooperated, and the design of the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is specifically improved; the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed can pass through the pile driving hammer and tightly hold the side surface of the pile body by the pile clamping wedge block of the wedge block type pile holding device, so that the height of the frame body of the pile frame can be greatly reduced, the minimum construction height of the precast pile during construction is close to the pile length of a single precast pile, and the pile driving machine can be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under a supporting beam in a foundation pit, under an overhead bridge, in a tunnel, at the bottom of a high-voltage line and the like); compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during construction reduces the height of the hammer core and the height of the movement stroke of the hammer core, so that the pile driver is applicable to the ultra-low clearance scene, has stronger construction adaptability on side piles and corner piles, is more convenient for construction of inclined piles and has lower requirement on a working ship for water construction; because the height of the frame body is reduced, the gravity center of the device is also greatly reduced, the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, the pile driver has the advantages, and the pile driver can be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammering piles by combining the advantages.

3. The low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver provided by the invention further comprises a pile frame, wherein the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude-variable oil cylinders, a vertical sliding frame and a driving motor for driving the clamping hammering pile hammer to lift along the vertical sliding frame, and the leveling base of the pile frame is used for adjusting the level of the pile driver, so that the whole pile driver is in a level state during construction, the overall stability of the pile driver is improved, and the pile-in angle of a precast pile to be constructed is more accurate; the vertical sliding frame of the pile frame provides a lifting sliding rail for the pile hammer, so that the stability of pile sinking inclination of the pile hammer is improved, and the pile driving device is simple in structure and convenient to use; the pile driver can change the supporting angle of the vertical sliding frame through the telescopic control of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder, so that the inclination angles of the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer and the precast pile are adjusted, and the accurate control of the pile driving inclination of the precast pile can be realized.

4. The leveling base of the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver provided by the invention comprises the underframe and four telescopic supporting legs, wherein the telescopic supporting legs can be jacks or telescopic cylinders, and the telescopic supporting legs are arranged, so that the underframe can be adjusted horizontally conveniently.

5. According to the construction method for the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, the pile driving machine is firstly arranged in place, the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving machine is moved to a limited height to-be-constructed area, then the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving machine is placed above a pile position of a pile foundation to be constructed, the pile driving machine is placed, debugged and horizontally calibrated, then a vertical sliding frame on a pile frame is horizontally placed, so that a pile body of a precast pile to be constructed is conveniently penetrated into penetrating holes of a hammer core and an anvil of a clamping type hammering pile driving hammer, the middle part of the precast pile to be constructed is clamped tightly by a wedge type pile clamping device, then hammering energy is transmitted to the pile body by the anvil through a clamping wedge type pile clamping device, and as the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed can penetrate through the pile driving hammer, the pile length of a single section is not limited by the height of the pile driving hammer, the pile length of the single section can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction condition of the site, and the number of joints is reduced; the pile driver formed by the clamping type hammering pile hammer has the advantages that the overall height of the pile driver is greatly reduced, so that the pile driver is better in stability, the risk chassis base for greatly reducing overturning can be greatly reduced, the equipment is lighter, and the pile driver is more flexible and convenient in construction.

6. According to the construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering piling and the piling machine, provided by the invention, the hammer core and the anvil of the piling hammer are provided with the penetrating through holes, the hammer is hammered on the anvil, and the anvil is used for transmitting hammering energy to the wedge type pile holding device, the stress point of the precast pile is positioned at the contact position of the pile clamping wedge block of the wedge type pile holding device and the circumferential side surface of the pile body, and the pile is not positioned at the pile end, so that the quality of the pile body of the precast pile is ensured, and the quality problem of pile head bursting does not occur.

7. According to the construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, when the length of a pile foundation to be constructed is larger than the clearance height of a height-limited area to be constructed, the pile foundation to be constructed can be divided into a plurality of sections of precast piles, pile splicing operation is adopted among the sections of precast piles, pile splicing of upper sections of precast piles and lower sections of precast piles can be carried out when the distance from the pile top of the next section of precast piles to an operation working surface is 0.5m to 0.7 m.

8. According to the holding-clamping type hammering pile driver provided by the invention, the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammering cylinders of the pile driving hammer are respectively hinged with the two sides of the hammer core, so that the two hammering cylinders and the hammer core are not arranged on the traditional axis, the structure is more compact, the whole pile driving hammer volume is reduced in a multiplied way, construction in a narrow space is facilitated, and the stability of the lifting hammer is improved by the double hammering cylinders.

9. The holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer provided by the invention has the advantages that the door type hammer frame is adopted, so that an operator can conveniently observe the movement condition of the hammer core directly, and when working in a limited space, potential safety hazards can exist due to space limitation and vibration and noise during piling, therefore, the hollow hammer body design of the pile hammer enables the visual field of the operator to be wider, and the hammer can be stopped by one key at any time, so that the running safety of equipment can be maximized.

10. The door type hammer frame comprises a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the two guide rails are used as a frame support of the hammer frame and a connecting piece of the wedge type pile holding device and also used as a slide rail of a hammer core, so that the door type hammer frame is multipurpose, simple in structure and cost-saving.

11. The anvil block of the holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer comprises an anvil body, a hammering base plate and a hammering buffer cushion, and preferably, the hammering buffer cushion adopts a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is used as the hammering buffer cushion, so that the buffering effect is achieved, the noise is reduced, the durability of a buffering part is increased, the replacement of vulnerable parts is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

12. The holding clamping type hammering pile hammer also comprises four oil cylinder lifting lugs, two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer cushions, wherein the oil cylinder lifting lugs are arranged, so that the piston rod is conveniently clamped and hinged with the bottom surface of the anvil, and the flexibility of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder and the anvil in the hinging process is improved; the pile hammer lifting lug is arranged, so that the pile hammer is convenient to hoist; the two limit buffer cushions can slow down the impact on the top plate of the hammer frame of the door type hammer frame when the hammer core moves upwards in a reciprocating manner.

13. According to the clamping type hammering pile hammer, the two hammering oil cylinders are respectively arranged at two ends of the top plate of the hammer frame through the first oil cylinder buffer gasket and the second oil cylinder buffer gasket, and the two oil cylinder buffer gaskets can reduce vibration impact of the hammering oil cylinders on the door type hammer frame.

14. The wedge type pile holding device comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder body, a plurality of pile holding wedges, a plurality of hydraulic clamping cylinders and a plurality of cylinder bases, wherein two sides of the wedge type pile holding device are respectively connected with the lower ends of two guide rails of a door type hammer frame, two sides of a hammer core are respectively vertically and slidably connected with the two guide rails, the wedge type pile holding device and the hammer core are integrally designed, the space constraint of a traditional pile cap is further broken, the whole hammer height is further shortened, and when the pile head enters the pile holding wedges of the wedge type pile holding device, the hydraulic clamping cylinders are started to push the pile holding wedges to fix the whole pile on equipment, so that the pile falling phenomenon is prevented under the condition of limited space; the design not only improves the construction efficiency, but also improves the safety, and protects the safety of equipment and constructors.

15. The vertical sliding frame comprises two vertical sliding rails and a U-shaped back frame, wherein the two vertical sliding rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the pile hammer, and provide sliding rails for lifting of the pile hammer, so that the lifting of the pile hammer is more stable, and the U-shaped back frame is used for improving the stability of the integral structure of the vertical sliding frame.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method of low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state that a horizontal vertical sliding frame is not mounted with a precast pile.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state that a horizontal vertical sliding frame is put on a precast pile.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical carriage in an inclined state in a construction method of low headroom hydraulic hammering piling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vertical carriage in a vertical state in a construction method of low headroom hydraulic hammering piling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a low headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the front view of a low headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a low headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a clasping type hammering pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the clamping type hammering pile hammer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic side view of a holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic top view of a holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 12.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10. pile frame, 11, leveling base, 111, underframe, 112, telescopic support leg, 113, sleeper beam, 12, vertical carriage, 121, vertical slide rail, 122, U-shaped back frame, 123, fixed pulley, 131, hoist, 132, wire rope, 14, luffing cylinder, 20, holding clamp type hammering pile hammer, 21, wedge type holding pile device, 211, holding pile hole, 212, wedge cylinder, 213, clamping pile wedge, 214, hydraulic clamping cylinder, 2141, clamping oil cylinder, 2142, clamping piston rod, 215, cylinder base, 22, anvil, 221, second through hole, 222, anvil, 223, hammering pad, 224, hammering buffer pad, 23, hammer core, 231, first through hole, 232, hammer lug, 24, gate type hammer frame, 241, hammer frame top plate, 2411, gap, 242, first guide rail, 243, second guide rail, 25, cylinder, 251, hammering oil cylinder, 252, cylinder fixing washer, 253, hammering cylinder, 31, cylinder, 32, pile hammer lifting lug, 33, 34, limit cylinder, buffer washer, 35, buffer washer, buffer gland, and cover.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail.

The construction method and the pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving provided by the invention are used in low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under a supporting beam in a foundation pit, under an overhead bridge, in a tunnel, at a high-voltage line bottom and the like), the lowest height of the low-clearance scenes is 3 meters, the safety and construction efficiency and construction quality of equipment, materials and personnel can be ensured, pile head burst is not easy to occur, and the integral construction cost of pile driving construction operation of a pile foundation is not increased.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "mounted" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 13, in the construction method for low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving provided in this embodiment, the indoor headroom of the project construction site is 5.5 meters, the height of the pile frame is designed to be 5 meters, a single precast pile is selected to be 3-4 meters, and the equipment and the construction method cooperate to meet various requirements during height-limited pile driving, and the method comprises the following steps:

S1, a pile machine is in place, a low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is moved to a height-limiting to-be-constructed area, the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver comprises a pile frame 10 and a holding clamp type hammering pile hammer 20, the pile frame 10 comprises a leveling base 11, two amplitude changing oil cylinders 14, a vertical sliding frame 12 and a driving motor for driving the holding clamp type hammering pile hammer 20 to lift along the vertical sliding frame 12, the holding clamp type hammering pile hammer 20 comprises a wedge type pile holding device 21, an anvil 22, a hammer core 23, a door type hammer frame 24 and two hammering oil cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil 22, penetrating through holes for penetrating precast piles 40 are respectively formed in the middle of the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22, and pile holding holes 211 for holding the precast piles 40 are formed in the middle of the wedge type pile holding device 21;

s2, placing, debugging and horizontally calibrating a pile driver, placing a low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver above a pile position of a pile foundation to be constructed, and enabling an underframe 111 of the leveling base 11 to be in a horizontal state by adjusting four telescopic supporting legs 112 of the leveling base 11; controlling the extension of the two amplitude-variable oil cylinders 14 to enable the vertical sliding frame 12 to be perpendicular to the underframe 111, and then controlling the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical sliding frame 12 through the driving motor to obtain the vertical distance H1 between the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 and the pile position operation surface of the pile foundation to be constructed;

S3, pile feeding, (shown in fig. 2 to 5) is carried out by controlling shrinkage of two amplitude-variable cylinders 14, so that a vertical sliding frame 12 is horizontally arranged above a bottom frame 111 of a leveling base 11 in a rotating manner, a clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 is horizontally arranged above the bottom frame 111 of the leveling base 11 through the vertical sliding frame 12, then a plurality of pile clamping wedges of a wedge type pile clamping device 21 are adjusted to be at a low position, so that the aperture of pile clamping holes 211 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is enlarged, then the top end of a precast pile 40 to be constructed sequentially passes through the pile clamping holes 211 of the pile clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 and through holes, and the middle part of the precast pile 40 to be constructed is clamped tightly through pile clamping wedges 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21, and at the moment, the distance H2 between the bottom end of the precast pile 40 to the clamping position of the pile clamping wedges 213 is smaller than H1;

s4, aligning pile pressing positions, controlling the extension of the two amplitude variable cylinders 14, enabling the inclination angle of the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 to correspond to the design inclination angle of the precast pile 40 to be constructed, and then controlling the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 to descend through a driving motor, so that the pile bottom of the precast pile 40 to be constructed is abutted to the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed;

s5, pile pressing and pile feeding, wherein the two hammering cylinders 25 are controlled to drive the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil block 22, the anvil block 22 acts on the wedge type pile holding device 21, the pile holding wedge of the wedge type pile holding device 21 drives the precast pile 40 to sink, and the precast pile 40 is fed into a foundation;

S51, in the pile pressing and delivering process of the precast pile 40, when the distance between the clasping position of the wedge type pile clasping device 21 clasping the precast pile 40 to be constructed and the working surface is smaller than 0.5m, firstly stopping the beating action of the two hammering cylinders 25, then controlling the wedge type pile clasping device 21 to loosen the clasping of the precast pile 40, and adjusting a plurality of pile clasping wedges of the wedge type pile clasping device 21 to be at a low position, so that the aperture of pile clasping holes 211 of the wedge type pile clasping device 21 is enlarged; then, the holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 is controlled by the driving motor to lift the holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 along the upper end direction of the vertical sliding frame 12 at the holding position of the precast pile 40, when the wedge-type pile holding device 21 holds the precast pile 40 again, the two hammering cylinders 25 are continuously controlled to reciprocate up and down to strike the anvil 22, and the precast pile 40 is continuously driven to sink by the pile holding wedge of the wedge-type pile holding device 21.

The invention also provides a low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver for implementing the construction method, which comprises a pile frame 10 and a holding-clamping hammering pile hammer 20, wherein the pile frame 10 comprises a leveling base 11, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14, a vertical sliding frame 12 and a driving motor for driving the holding-clamping hammering pile hammer 20 to lift along the vertical sliding frame 12, the leveling base 11 comprises a bottom frame 111 and four telescopic supporting legs 112, the four telescopic supporting legs 112 are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom frame 111, the lower ends of two sides of the vertical sliding frame 12 are respectively and rotatably connected with two sides of the front end of the top surface of the bottom frame 111, the lower ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14 are respectively hinged with two sides of the rear end of the top surface of the bottom frame 111, and the upper ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14 are respectively hinged with the upper ends of two sides of the vertical sliding frame 12; the holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 comprises a wedge type holding pile device 21, an anvil block 22, a hammer core 23, a door type hammer frame 24 and two hammering oil cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil block 22; the both sides of wedge type pile holding device 21 are connected with the lower extreme of door type hammer rest 24 respectively, and anvil 22 is installed in the top of wedge type pile holding device 21, and hammer core 23 is installed in door type hammer rest 24 to with its vertical sliding connection, the centre of hammer core 23, anvil 22 is equipped with the through-hole of wearing to establish precast pile 40 respectively, and the centre of wedge type pile holding device 21 forms pile holding hole 211 that is used for holding precast pile 40 through a plurality of clamp pile wedges 213, wears to establish the through-hole, pile holding hole 211 by vertical opposite from top to bottom in proper order.

The precast pile 40 according to the present invention may be a concrete precast pile 40 having various structural shapes such as a round pile, fang Guanzhuang, a cylindrical pile, a square pile, etc., and it is needless to say that the pile driver according to the present invention may be used to construct a steel pipe pile, a steel sheet pile, a wooden pile, etc.

According to the construction method and pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, through scientific structure and construction process design, the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver comprises a holding clamp type hammering pile driving hammer 20, the holding clamp type hammering pile driving hammer 20 comprises a wedge type pile holding device 21, an anvil block 22, a hammer core 23, a door type hammer frame 24 and two hammering cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil block 22, penetrating through holes for penetrating precast piles 40 are respectively formed in the middles of the hammer core 23 and the anvil block 22, and pile holding holes 211 for holding precast piles 40 are formed in the middles of the wedge type pile holding device 21; the pile body of the precast pile 40 to be constructed can pass through a pile driving hammer and tightly hold the side surface of the pile body by the pile clamping wedge blocks 213 of the wedge block pile holding device 21, so that the frame body height of the pile frame 10 can be greatly reduced, the minimum construction height of the precast pile during construction is close to the pile length of the precast pile 40 in a single section, and the pile driving machine can be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under supporting beams in a foundation pit, under an overhead bridge, in a tunnel, at the bottom of a high-voltage line and the like); compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during construction reduces the height of the hammer core 23 and the movement stroke height of the hammer core 23, so that the pile driver is applicable to a scene with ultra-low clearance, has stronger construction adaptability on side piles and corner piles, is more convenient for construction of inclined piles, and has lower requirements on a working ship for water construction; because the height of the frame body is reduced, the gravity center of the device is also greatly reduced, the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, the pile driver has the advantages, and the pile driver can be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammering piles by combining the advantages.

The invention provides a construction method of low clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving and a pile driver, the low clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver also comprises a pile frame 10, the pile frame 10 comprises a leveling base 11, two amplitude-variable oil cylinders 14, a vertical sliding frame 12 and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 to lift along the vertical sliding frame 12, the leveling base 11 of the pile frame 10 is used for adjusting the level of the pile driver, so that the whole pile driver is in a level state during construction, the overall stability of the pile driver is improved, and the pile driving angle of a precast pile 40 to be constructed is more accurate; the vertical sliding frame 12 of the pile frame 10 provides a lifting sliding rail for the pile driving hammer, improves the stability of pile sinking inclination of the pile driving hammer, and has simple structure and convenient use. The pile driver can change the supporting angle of the vertical sliding frame 12 through the telescopic control of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 14, so that the inclination angles of the clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 and the precast pile 40 are adjusted, and the pile-entering inclination of the precast pile 40 is controlled. The leveling base 11 comprises a bottom frame 111 and four telescopic supporting legs 112, wherein the telescopic supporting legs 112 can adopt jacks or telescopic cylinders, and the telescopic supporting legs 112 are arranged, so that the bottom frame 111 can be adjusted horizontally conveniently.

According to the construction method for the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driving, the pile machine is firstly put in place, the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is moved to a limited height to-be-constructed area, then the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is placed above a pile position of a pile foundation to be constructed, pile machine placement adjustment and horizontal calibration are carried out, then a vertical sliding frame 12 on a pile frame 10 is horizontally placed, so that a pile body of a precast pile 40 to be constructed is conveniently penetrated into penetrating holes of a hammer core 23 and an anvil 22 of a clamping hammering pile driving hammer 20, the middle part of the precast pile 40 to be constructed is clamped tightly by a wedge type pile clamping device 21, then the anvil 22 is hammered by the hammer core 23, and hammering energy is transmitted to the pile body by the anvil 22 through a clamping wedge type pile 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21; the pile driver formed by the holding and clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 has the advantages that the overall height is greatly reduced, so that the pile driver is better in stability, the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, the chassis base can be greatly reduced, the equipment is lighter, and the pile driver is more flexible and convenient in construction.

According to the construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammering piling and the piling machine, provided by the invention, the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22 of the piling hammer are provided with the penetrating through holes, the hammer is hammered on the anvil 22, and then the anvil 22 transmits hammering energy to the wedge type pile holding device 21, the stress point of the precast pile 40 is positioned at the contact position of the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile holding device 21 and the circumferential side surface of the pile body, and the pile is not positioned at the pile end, so that the quality of the pile body of the precast pile 40 is ensured, and the quality problem of pile head bursting does not occur.

According to the holding-clamping type hammering pile driver provided by the invention, the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammering oil cylinders 25 of the pile driving hammer are respectively hinged with the two sides of the hammer core 23, so that the two hammering oil cylinders 25 and the hammer core 23 are not arranged on the traditional axis, the structure is more compact, the whole pile driving hammer volume is reduced in a multiplied way, the pile driving hammer is convenient to construct in a narrow space, and the lifting and dropping hammer stability of the double hammering oil cylinders 25 is improved.

The holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 provided by the invention adopts the door type hammer frame 24, so that an operator can conveniently and directly observe the movement condition of the hammer core 23, and when working in a limited space, potential safety hazards can be avoided because of space limitation and vibration and noise during piling, therefore, the hollowed hammer body design of the pile driving hammer enables the visual field of the operator to be wider, and the hammer can be stopped by one key at any time, so that the running safety of equipment is maximized.

The door type hammer frame 24 comprises a hammer frame top plate 241, a first guide rail 242 and a second guide rail 243, wherein the upper ends of the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243 are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate 241, an avoidance gap 2411 is arranged in the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate 241, two sides of the wedge type pile holding device 21 are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243, two sides of the hammer core 23 are respectively connected with the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243 in a vertical sliding manner through sliding grooves, two hammering oil cylinders 25 are respectively arranged at two ends of the hammer frame top plate 241, and the lower ends of piston rods of the two hammering oil cylinders 25 are respectively hinged with two sides of the hammer core 23; the through holes comprise a first through hole 231 and a second through hole 221, the first through hole 231 is arranged in the middle of the hammer core 23, the second through hole 221 is arranged in the middle of the anvil 22, and the avoidance gap 2411, the first through hole 231, the second through hole 221 and the pile holding hole 211 are vertically opposite from top to bottom in sequence. The two guide rails are used as the frame support of the hammer frame and the connecting piece of the wedge type pile holding device 21 and the slide rail of the hammer core 23, so that the structure is simple, and the cost is saved.

Anvil 22 includes anvil 222, hammering backing plate 223, hammering blotter 224, and anvil 222, hammering backing plate 223, hammering blotter 224 are annular respectively, and anvil 222 top is equipped with annular buffer groove, and hammering blotter 224 is installed in the buffer groove, and hammering backing plate 223 installs the top at hammering blotter 224 to the assorted lid closes on buffer groove's notch, and the inner ring that is annular anvil 222 forms the second and wears to establish through-hole 221. Preferably, the hammering buffer pad 224 adopts the steel wire rope 132, and the steel wire rope 132 is used as the hammering buffer pad 224, so that the buffering effect is achieved, the noise is reduced, and meanwhile, the durability of the buffering part is increased, thereby reducing the replacement of vulnerable parts and prolonging the service life of equipment.

The wedge-type pile holding device 21 further comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder 212, a plurality of hydraulic clamping cylinders 214 and a plurality of cylinder bases 215, wherein the wedge-shaped cylinder 212 is provided with an inner cylinder hole, the inner cylinder hole is gradually enlarged from top to bottom to form a truncated cone, the thickness of a pile clamping wedge 213 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the hydraulic clamping cylinder 214 comprises a clamping cylinder 2141 and a clamping piston rod 2142, the upper end of the clamping piston rod 2142 is hinged with the bottom surface of the anvil 22, the clamping cylinder 2141 is connected with the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge 213 through the cylinder bases 215, the pile clamping wedge 213 is telescopically inserted into the inner cylinder hole from bottom to top, and the inner side surfaces of the pile clamping wedges 213 enclose a pile holding hole 211. The two sides of the wedge type pile holding device 21 are respectively connected with the lower ends of the two guide rails of the door type hammer frame 24, the two sides of the hammer core 23 are respectively vertically and slidably connected with the two guide rails, the wedge type pile holding device 21 and the hammer core 23 are integrally designed, the space constraint of a traditional pile cap is further broken, the whole hammer height is further shortened, when the pile head enters the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile holding device 21 in operation, the hydraulic clamping cylinder 214 is started to push the pile clamping wedge 213, the whole pile is fixed on equipment, and the pile is prevented from being separated under the condition of limited space; the design not only improves the construction efficiency, but also improves the safety, and protects the safety of equipment and constructors. Two vertical sliding rails 121 are respectively installed on two sides of the pile hammer, and provide sliding rails for lifting the pile hammer, so that the pile hammer can be lifted more stably, and the U-shaped back frame 122 is arranged for improving the stability of the overall structure of the vertical sliding frame 12.

The vertical sliding frame 12 comprises two vertical sliding rails 121 and a U-shaped back frame 122, wherein the lower ends of the two vertical sliding rails 121 are respectively and rotatably connected with the two sides of the front end of the top surface of the underframe 111, the two sides of the U-shaped back frame 122 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two vertical sliding rails 121, and the two sides of the holding clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 are respectively and vertically slidably connected with the two vertical sliding rails 121.

The driving motor comprises two windlass 131 and two steel wire ropes 132, the vertical sliding frame 12 further comprises two fixed pulleys 123, the two fixed pulleys 123 are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the two vertical sliding rails 121, the two windlass 131 are respectively arranged at two sides of the top surface of the underframe 111, one end of each steel wire rope 132 is connected with the windlass 131, and the other end of each steel wire rope 132 is connected with one side of the holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 by winding around the fixed pulleys 123.

The leveling base 11 further includes a sleeper beam 113, and the sleeper beam 113 is installed at a rear end of the top surface of the base frame 111. And the sleeper beam 113 is arranged, so that the sleeper beam 113 can provide support for the pile hammer and the vertical sliding frame 12 when the pile hammer and the vertical sliding frame 12 are horizontally arranged.

The embodiment of the invention can be improved by combining equipment and a construction method, and simultaneously solves the following technical problems in the construction of low-clearance hydraulic hammering piling:

construction quality can be ensured: the error is reduced and the piling control precision is improved in the construction process, so that the depth and elevation of the pile position can meet the design requirements.

The construction efficiency is improved: the construction efficiency is improved through the mode that equipment and the construction method are mutually matched, and the construction progress and quality are improved.

Ensuring construction safety: through designs such as reduction equipment focus, reduce equipment and construction safety risk, protection construction equipment and personnel's safety and health.

Greatly reducing shock and noise: in the construction process, the generation and the propagation of vibration and noise are greatly reduced through the clamping type hammering pile hammer and the construction method thereof; the method has small influence on the surrounding environment and ecology, and is favorable for environmental protection.

Example 2:

the construction method of low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention is basically the same as embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the length of the pile foundation of the single pile to be constructed (splicing of the multi-section precast pile) of the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver is 18 meters, the clearance height of the area to be constructed is far greater than 5.5 meters, the pile foundation to be constructed is composed of 5 sections of precast piles 40, the pile length of each section of precast pile is 4 meters, and the step S5 further comprises the following steps:

s521, stopping the beating action of the two hammering cylinders 25 and loosening the clasping of the next precast pile 40 when the distance from the pile top of the next precast pile 40 to the working surface is 0.5m to 0.7m in the pile driving and delivering process of the precast pile 40, controlling the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical sliding frame 12 through the driving motor, thereby moving the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 away to the upper side of the next precast pile 40, then lifting the previous precast pile 40, enabling the lower end of the previous precast pile 40 to sequentially pass through the through hole and the pile clasping hole 211 of the clasping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 from top to bottom, and then controlling the pile clasping wedge of the wedge type pile clasping device 21 to clasp the middle of the previous precast pile 40, and enabling the pile bottom of the previous precast pile 40 to be abutted against the pile top of the next precast pile 40;

S522, pile extension, namely pile extension operation is carried out on the previous precast pile 40 and the next precast pile 40;

and S523, pressing and pile-feeding the previous precast pile 40, and controlling the two hammering cylinders 25 to continuously reciprocate up and down to strike the anvil 22 after the previous precast pile 40 completes pile splicing operation with the next precast pile 40, so as to send the previous precast pile 40 into the foundation until pile foundation construction is completed.

When the length of the pile foundation to be constructed is larger than the clearance height of the height-limited area to be constructed, the pile foundation to be constructed can be divided into a plurality of precast piles 40, pile splicing operation is adopted among the precast piles 40, when the distance from the pile top of the precast pile 40 to the operation working surface of the next precast pile 40 is 0.5m to 0.7m, pile splicing of the precast piles 40 at the upper section and the lower section can be carried out.

Example 3:

the low headroom hydraulic hammer driver provided in example 3 of the present invention is substantially the same as example 1, except that: the holding-clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 further comprises two pile hammer lifting lugs 32, two limit buffer cushions 33, two first oil cylinder buffer gaskets 34, two second oil cylinder buffer gaskets 35, two oil cylinder pressing covers 36 and four oil cylinder lifting lugs 31, wherein the two pile hammer lifting lugs 32 are arranged on the top surface of a top plate 241 of the hammer frame and are positioned on two sides of an avoidance gap 2411; two limit cushions 33 are respectively mounted on the bottom surface of the hammer rest top plate 241 and located directly above the hammer core 23. The hammering cylinder 25 comprises a hammering cylinder body 251, a cylinder fixing washer 252 and a hammering piston rod 253, wherein hammer lugs 232 are respectively arranged on two sides of a hammer core 23, cylinder installation through holes are respectively arranged at two ends of a hammer frame top plate 241, the hammering cylinder body 251 of the hammering cylinder 25 penetrates through the first cylinder buffering washer 34, the cylinder fixing washer 252, the second cylinder buffering washer 35 and the cylinder installation through holes from top to bottom, the outer side face of the hammering cylinder body 251 is fixedly connected with the cylinder fixing washer 252, a cylinder gland 36 is tightly pressed and covered on the outer sides of the first cylinder buffering washer 34, the cylinder fixing washer 252 and the second cylinder buffering washer 35 and is connected with the top surface of the hammer frame top plate 241, and the lower end of the hammering piston rod 253 is hinged with the hammer core 23 through the hammer lugs 232. The number of the hydraulic clamping cylinders 214, the pile clamping wedges 213 and the cylinder bases 215 corresponds to the number of the cylinder lifting lugs 31, the four cylinder lifting lugs 31 are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the anvil 22, and the clamping piston rods 2142 of the hydraulic clamping cylinders 214 are hinged with the cylinder lifting lugs 31. The two hammering cylinders 25 of the holding-clamping type hammering pile driving hammer 20 are respectively arranged at two ends of the top plate 241 of the hammer frame through a first cylinder buffer gasket 34 and a second cylinder buffer gasket 35, and the two cylinder buffer gaskets can reduce vibration impact of the hammering cylinders 25 on the door type hammer frame 24. The oil cylinder lifting lug 31 is arranged, so that the piston rod 2142 is conveniently clamped and hinged with the bottom surface of the anvil 22, and the flexibility of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214 hinged with the anvil 22 is improved; the pile hammer lifting lug 32 is arranged, so that the pile hammer is convenient to lift; the two limit cushions 33 can slow down the impact on the top plate 241 of the door frame 24 when the core 23 reciprocates upward.

The prototype of the invention has been actually measured on research and development test sites in a company, and practical application shows that the low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver provided by the invention can be used in low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, lower part of a supporting beam in a foundation pit, lower part of an overhead bridge, in a tunnel, lower part of a high-voltage line, and the like, and the 4-6 m clearance height) and can meet the requirements of pile efficiency, pile quality, safety, and the like, and the pile head bursting problem in the conventional technology is not easy to occur.

According to the embodiment of the invention and the actual construction test, the embodiment of the invention can give consideration to the aspects of elevation positioning precision control, hydraulic hammer control, piling depth and direction control, construction quality, construction safety control and the like of piling construction through the cooperation of improved equipment and an improved construction method and through coordination improvement in multiple aspects, can ensure the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process, and particularly can meet the height limiting construction condition and construction requirement of the lowest clearance height of 3 meters.

The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; any substitutions and modifications made without departing from the spirit of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The construction method of the low-clearance hydraulic hammering piling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. A method of construction of low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driving according to claim 1, characterized in that said step S5 comprises the steps of:

3. A method of constructing a low headroom hydraulic hammering pile according to claim 2, wherein the length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the headroom of the limited height area to be constructed, the pile foundation to be constructed comprises a plurality of precast piles, and the step S5 further comprises the steps of:

4. A low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver for implementing the construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising a pile frame and a clamp type hammering pile hammer, wherein the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude changing oil cylinders, a vertical sliding frame and a driving motor for driving the clamp type hammering pile hammer to lift along the vertical sliding frame, the leveling base comprises a bottom frame and four telescopic supporting legs, the four telescopic supporting legs are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom frame, the lower ends of the two sides of the vertical sliding frame are respectively connected with the two sides of the front end of the top surface of the bottom frame in a rotating way, the lower ends of the two amplitude changing oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the two sides of the rear end of the top surface of the bottom frame, and the upper ends of the two amplitude changing oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the two sides of the vertical sliding frame; the holding clamping type hammering pile driving hammer comprises a wedge type pile holding device, an anvil block, a hammer core, a door type hammer frame and two hammering oil cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil block; the utility model discloses a pile holding device, including wedge type pile holding device, anvil, door type hammer frame, hammer core, through-hole, pile holding hole, through-hole, pile holding hole are formed in the middle of wedge type pile holding device through a plurality of clamp pile wedges and are used for holding precast pile tightly, through-hole, pile holding hole are in proper order by last down vertical opposite.

5. The low-clearance hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 4, wherein the gate-type hammer frame comprises a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, the upper ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate, an avoidance gap is arranged in the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate, two sides of the wedge-type pile holding device are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, two sides of the hammer core are respectively connected with the first guide rail and the second guide rail in a vertical sliding manner through sliding grooves, two hammering cylinders are respectively arranged at two ends of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower ends of piston rods of the two hammering cylinders are respectively hinged with two sides of the hammer core; the through holes comprise first through holes and second through holes, the first through holes are formed in the middle of the hammer core, the second through holes are formed in the middle of the anvil, and the avoidance gaps, the first through holes, the second through holes and pile holding holes are vertically opposite from top to bottom in sequence.

6. The low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 5, wherein said anvil comprises an anvil body, a hammering pad plate and a hammering buffer pad, said anvil body, said hammering pad plate and said hammering buffer pad are respectively annular, an annular buffer groove is provided above said anvil body, said hammering buffer pad is mounted in said buffer groove, said hammering pad plate is mounted above said hammering buffer pad and is matched and covered on a notch of said buffer groove, and an inner ring of said anvil body in the shape of an annular forms said second through hole.

7. The low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 6, wherein said clasping type hammering pile hammer further comprises two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limit buffer pads, said two pile hammer lifting lugs being mounted on the top surface of said top plate of said hammer frame and located on both sides of said avoidance gap; the two limit cushions are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate of the hammer frame and are positioned right above the hammer core.

8. The low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 7, wherein the holding clamping type hammering pile hammer further comprises two first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, two second oil cylinder buffer gaskets and two oil cylinder pressing covers, the hammering oil cylinder comprises a hammering oil cylinder body, oil cylinder fixing gaskets and hammering piston rods, hammer lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of the hammer core, oil cylinder installation through holes are respectively arranged at two ends of the hammer frame top plate, the hammering oil cylinder body of the hammering oil cylinder penetrates through the first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, the oil cylinder fixing gaskets, the second oil cylinder buffer gaskets and the oil cylinder installation through holes from top to bottom, the outer side face of the hammering oil cylinder body is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder fixing gaskets, the oil cylinder pressing cover is tightly covered on the outer sides of the first oil cylinder buffer gaskets, the oil cylinder fixing gaskets and the second oil cylinder buffer gaskets and is connected with the top face of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower end of the hammering piston rod is hinged with the hammer core through the hammer lugs.

9. A low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein said wedge type pile holding device further comprises a wedge cylinder body, a plurality of hydraulic clamping cylinders and a plurality of cylinder bases, said wedge cylinder body is provided with an inner cylinder hole, said inner cylinder hole is gradually enlarged from top to bottom to form a cone frustum, the thickness of said pile clamping wedge is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, said hydraulic clamping cylinder comprises a clamping cylinder body and a clamping piston rod, the upper end of said clamping piston rod is hinged with the bottom surface of said anvil, said clamping cylinder body is connected with the bottom surface of said pile clamping wedge by said cylinder bases, a plurality of said pile clamping wedges are telescopically inserted into said inner cylinder hole from bottom to top, and the inner side surfaces of a plurality of said pile clamping wedges enclose said pile holding hole.

10. The low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 9, wherein said clamp type hammering pile hammer further comprises four cylinder lifting lugs, the number of said hydraulic clamping cylinders, pile clamping wedges and cylinder bases corresponds to the number of said cylinder lifting lugs, four cylinder lifting lugs are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of said anvil, and the clamping piston rod of each said hydraulic clamping cylinder is hinged with each said cylinder lifting lug.

11. A low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein said vertical sliding frame comprises two vertical sliding rails and a U-shaped back frame, the lower ends of said two vertical sliding rails are respectively and rotatably connected to two sides of the front end of the top surface of said chassis, two sides of said U-shaped back frame are respectively and fixedly connected to said two vertical sliding rails, and two sides of said holding and clamping type hammering pile hammer are respectively and vertically slidably connected to said two vertical sliding rails.

12. The low headroom hydraulic hammering pile driver of claim 11, wherein the driving motor comprises two windlass and two steel wire ropes, the vertical sliding frame further comprises two fixed pulleys, the two fixed pulleys are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the two vertical sliding rails, the two windlass are respectively arranged at two sides of the top surface of the underframe, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the windlass, and the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulleys to be connected with one side of the holding clamping type hammering pile hammer.