CN116988793B - Low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device - Google Patents
Low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116988793B CN116988793B CN202311249411.XA CN202311249411A CN116988793B CN 116988793 B CN116988793 B CN 116988793B CN 202311249411 A CN202311249411 A CN 202311249411A CN 116988793 B CN116988793 B CN 116988793B
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/30—Conveying materials in bulk through pipes or tubes by liquid pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device, which comprises a collecting head, a cleaning part and a shunt pipe which are sequentially connected from front to back, wherein the output end of the shunt pipe is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a storage bin for collecting nodules, and the other path is connected with a sedimentation mechanism for discharging sediment; the output end of the sedimentation mechanism is close to the sea bottom. Through setting up the cleaning part, the tuberculosis is washed, makes the deposit that adheres to its surface break away from with it, again through setting up the shunt tubes for tuberculosis and silt are screened the separation at its output, reduce the silt that gets into the feed bin, thereby can promote the desliming effect. Simultaneously, through setting up the output of subsidence mechanism close to the seabed, silt can be hugged closely the seabed and discharged, so for among the prior art sediment follow the unsettled collection net and fly away the discharge form of sea water, by the sediment that is discharged in this application can subside to the seabed more fast to reduce the sediment plume diffusion, and then reduce the influence to surrounding environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a low-diffusion deep-sea multi-metal nodule collecting and preprocessing device.
Background
In the process of mining submarine mineral nodules (such as manganese nodules), submarine sediments (mainly sediment) are collected at the same time, and the sediment is often adhered to the surface of the nodules, so that the later storage, transportation, conveying and other links of the nodules are puzzled. In order to reduce the influence of the submarine sediment on the subsequent links, the nuclei are required to be cleaned and desliming.
In the prior art, the collected tuberculosis is conveyed to a suspended collecting net through a conveying channel to be cleaned and desliming, and then falls to a collecting bin through the collecting net. In the process, the nodules adhered with the sediment are washed by seawater in the collecting net, and the sediment separated by washing is directly discharged from the meshes of the collecting net. Although the method for arranging the collecting net so as to wash the tuberculosis by the seawater can remove sediment to a certain extent, the desliming effect is poor due to the limited natural washing force of the seawater. Meanwhile, the mode of directly discharging sediment through the collecting net can cause a large amount of sediment plumes to diffuse, so that the surrounding environment is seriously influenced.
Therefore, a deep sea nodule collecting apparatus is needed that can achieve both desliming and reduced sediment plume diffusion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a low-diffusion deep-sea multi-metal tuberculosis acquisition pretreatment device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device comprises a collecting head, a cleaning part and a shunt pipe which are sequentially connected from front to back, wherein the output end of the shunt pipe is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a storage bin for collecting nodules, and the other path is connected with a sedimentation mechanism for discharging sediment; the output end of the sedimentation mechanism is close to the sea bottom.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the cleaning part comprises a jet flow cylinder; a plurality of jet nozzles are arranged in the jet cylinder, and the jet nozzles spray water columns towards the tuberculosis; the jet nozzle is obliquely arranged, and the water column is sprayed out along the oblique rear direction.
The cleaning part also comprises a separating mechanism connected in series behind the jet flow cylinder; the separation mechanism comprises a plurality of spiral pipelines connected with the shunt pipes.
The spiral pipeline is internally provided with a plurality of jet nozzles.
And the inner wall of the jet flow cylinder or/and the inner wall of the separation mechanism is provided with a wear-resistant layer.
The shunt tubes comprise a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe which are arranged in a herringbone manner, the output end of the first branch pipe is communicated with the storage bin, and the output end of the second branch pipe is communicated with the sedimentation mechanism; the port of the second branch pipe connected with the first branch pipe is provided with a screen for blocking tuberculosis from passing through.
The storage bin is net-shaped, and a plurality of first guide plates inclining downwards are arranged on the outer surface of the storage bin at intervals.
The sedimentation mechanism comprises a spiral sedimentation bin communicated with the shunt pipe, the bottom end of the sedimentation bin is connected with the first diffuser, the top end of the sedimentation bin is connected with the second diffuser, and the output end of the first diffuser and the discharge opening of the second diffuser are close to the seabed.
The discharge port is horn-shaped and is provided with a plurality of inclined second guide plates, and inclined channels for discharging sediment are formed between the adjacent second guide plates.
The collecting head is communicated with the cleaning part through a telescopic pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
through setting up the cleaning part, wherein, the tuberculosis is washed, makes the deposit that adheres to its surface break away from with it, for the natural washing that utilizes the sea water among the prior art, this application can clean the tuberculosis more thoroughly to promote the desliming effect. And by setting the shunt tubes, the tuberculosis and the sediment are screened and separated at the output end of the shunt tubes, the tuberculosis enters the storage bin to be collected and utilized, the sediment is discharged through the sedimentation mechanism, and the tuberculosis and the sediment are fully input into the collection net in the prior art. The output end of the sedimentation mechanism is arranged close to the seabed, and sediment can be closely discharged from the seabed, so that sediment can be quickly sedimentated to the seabed in the discharge mode that sediment drifts along with seawater from the suspended collecting net in the prior art, and the influence on the surrounding environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a low-diffusion deep-sea multi-metal nodule collecting and preprocessing device;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the cleaning section.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1. a collection head; 2. a cleaning part; 21. a jet flow cylinder; 22. a jet nozzle; 23. a separation mechanism; 231. a helical pipe; 24. a wear-resistant layer; 3. a shunt; 31. a first branch pipe; 32. a second branch pipe; 33. a screen; 4. a storage bin; 41. a first deflector; 5. a sedimentation mechanism; 51. a sedimentation bin; 52. a first diffuser; 53. a second diffuser; 54. a discharge port; 55. a second deflector; 56. an inclined channel; 6. and (5) a telescopic pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the low-diffusion deep-sea multi-metal nodule collecting and preprocessing device of the embodiment comprises a collecting head 1, a cleaning part 2 and a shunt tube 3 which are sequentially connected from front to back, wherein the output end of the shunt tube 3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a storage bin 4 for collecting nodules, and the other path is connected with a sedimentation mechanism 5 for discharging sediment; the output end of the sedimentation mechanism 5 is close to the sea floor. The pick-up head 1 is of prior art, which is brought into the sea floor to pick up the nodules and send them to the washing section 2. In the cleaning part 2, the nodules are washed with water so that the deposits adhered to the surface thereof are separated therefrom, and compared with the natural washing with seawater in the prior art, the present application can more thoroughly clean the nodules by the cleaning part 2, thereby improving the desliming effect. After the washing is accomplished, tuberculosis and silt get into shunt tubes 3 jointly, at shunt tubes 3's output, tuberculosis and silt are screened the separation, and wherein the tuberculosis gets into feed bin 4 and is collected the utilization, and silt then is discharged through sedimentation mechanism 5, for the prior art with tuberculosis and silt whole input collection net, this application can effectively reduce the silt that gets into feed bin 4 through earlier stage sieve to promote desliming effect. Since the output end of the sedimentation mechanism 5 is close to the seabed (specifically, the output end of the sedimentation mechanism 5 is 0.3m-0.5m away from the seabed, the seabed refers to the upper surface of the seabed sediment), sediment can be discharged close to the seabed, so that sediment discharged in the application can be settled to the seabed more quickly relative to the discharge form that sediment drifts with seawater from a suspended collecting net in the prior art, thereby reducing sediment plume diffusion and further reducing the influence on the surrounding environment.
In the present embodiment, the cleaning portion 2 includes a jet cartridge 21; the jet cylinder 21 is internally provided with a plurality of jet nozzles 22, and the jet nozzles 22 spray water columns towards the tuberculosis; the jet nozzle 22 is arranged obliquely, and the water column is ejected in the obliquely rear direction. The jet flow cylinder 21 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the front end of the jet flow cylinder is communicated with the collecting head 1, the rear end of the jet flow cylinder is communicated with the shunt tube 3, and tuberculosis enters the jet flow cylinder 21 from the front end, collides in the jet flow cylinder, is washed by water and is discharged from the rear end. The jet flow cylinder 21 is internally provided with a plurality of jet flow nozzles 22, and each jet flow nozzle 22 is obliquely arranged, so that a water column is sprayed out along the oblique rear direction, on one hand, the water column can wash out the tuberculosis and separate sediment adhered to the surface of the tuberculosis, and on the other hand, the water column can drive the tuberculosis and the sediment to be discharged from the rear end of the jet flow cylinder 21 at a high speed due to the backward thrust, so that the sedimentation is avoided.
In this embodiment, the cleaning part 2 further comprises a separating mechanism 23 connected in series behind the jet drum 21; the separation mechanism 23 comprises a number of spiral pipes 231 connecting the shunt tubes 3. The front end of the spiral pipe 231 communicates with the rear end of the jet cartridge 21, and the rear end thereof communicates with the front end of the shunt 3. The tuberculosis discharged through the jet drum 21 is quickly flushed into the spiral pipe 231, and under the action of inertia, the tuberculosis repeatedly collides with the inner wall of the spiral pipe 231 and the tuberculosis, and the sediment adhered to the surface of the tuberculosis can be further stripped by vibration generated by collision.
In this embodiment, the spiral pipe 231 has a plurality of jet nozzles 22 built therein. By installing the jet nozzle 22 in the spiral pipe 231, the tuberculosis can be flushed by the water column in the collision vibration process, so that the desliming effect is further improved. Further, the jet nozzles 22 in the spiral pipeline 231 are all installed obliquely, so that the water column is inclined along the moving direction of the tuberculosis, and in this way, the water column can also generate thrust to the tuberculosis and drive the tuberculosis to move in an accelerating way while flushing the tuberculosis, thereby increasing the collision force between the tuberculosis and between the tuberculosis and the spiral pipeline 231 and further being more beneficial to the loosening of silt. Similarly, the jet nozzle 22 which is obliquely arranged in the jet cylinder 21 can also improve the kinetic potential energy of tuberculosis.
In this embodiment, the inner wall of the jet cartridge 21 or/and the inner wall of the separation mechanism 23 is provided with a wear layer 24. The tuberculosis may rub against the inner wall of the jet cylinder 21 and the inner wall of the separation mechanism 23, which may easily cause damage to the jet cylinder 21 and the separation mechanism 23. By providing the wear-resistant layer 24 on the inner wall of the cartridge 21 and/or the inner wall of the separation mechanism 23, wear can be reduced, thereby improving the durability of the cartridge 21 and the separation mechanism 23. Further, the wear layer 24 is provided in a removable laminated structure that can be replaced individually when the wear layer 24 is worn out.
In the embodiment, the shunt tube 3 comprises a first branch tube 31 and a second branch tube 32 which are arranged in a herringbone shape, the output end of the first branch tube 31 is communicated with the storage bin 4, and the output end of the second branch tube 32 is communicated with the sedimentation mechanism 5; the port of the second branch pipe 32 connected to the first branch pipe 31 is provided with a screen 33 for blocking the passage of tuberculosis. The first branch pipe 31 is located at the upper side, the input end of the second branch pipe 32 is connected with the lower side of the first branch pipe 31, when the tuberculosis and the sediment reach the junction of the first branch pipe 31 and the second branch pipe 32, the sediment passes through the screen 33 to enter the second branch pipe 32 under the action of gravity, and the tuberculosis can enter the storage bin 4 along the first branch pipe 31. Further, the input end of the second branch pipe 32 is opposite to the output end of the cleaning part 2, that is, when the tuberculosis and the silt are discharged from the cleaning part 2 and enter the shunt pipe 3, the tuberculosis and the silt can just collide with the screen 33, so that the silt can be thrown into the second branch pipe 32 in a proper state, and the tuberculosis can be sprung into the first branch pipe 31 under the blocking of the screen 33.
In this embodiment, the bin 4 is net-shaped, and a plurality of first guide plates 41 inclined downward are disposed on the outer surface of the bin at intervals. By arranging the bin 4 in a net structure, the seawater can wash the nodules collected therein, thereby taking away residual silt. Meanwhile, in order to accelerate the sedimentation velocity of the sediment, a plurality of first guide plates 41 inclining downwards are arranged on the outer surface of the storage bin at intervals, an inclined downwards guide channel is formed between every two adjacent first guide plates 41, and after the sediment enters the guide channel, the sediment generates inclined downwards thrust to the sediment, so that the sediment can be promoted to move downwards to form sedimentation.
In this embodiment, the sedimentation mechanism 5 includes a spiral sedimentation chamber 51 communicated with the shunt tube 3, the bottom end of the sedimentation chamber 51 is connected with a first diffuser 52, the top end of the sedimentation chamber is connected with a second diffuser 53, and the output end of the first diffuser 52 and a discharge port 54 of the second diffuser 53 are both close to the sea floor. By providing a sedimentation chamber 51 which is internally helical, sediment will be stirred up and layered in the process of flowing therein, heavier sediment will enter a first diffuser 52 connected to the bottom end of the sedimentation chamber 51 and lighter sediment will enter a second diffuser 53 connected to the top end of the sedimentation chamber 51. By diverting the sediment according to the specific gravity and feeding the sediment into the different diffusers respectively, the heights of the first diffuser 52 and the second diffuser 53 from the sea floor can be adjusted respectively according to the diffusion characteristics of the sediment with different specific gravity, so that the sediment with different specific gravity can be settled as soon as possible.
In this embodiment, the discharge opening 54 is horn-shaped, and is provided with a plurality of inclined second guide plates 55, and an inclined channel 56 for discharging silt is formed between adjacent second guide plates 55. By arranging the discharge port 54 in a horn shape, the sectional area of the lower end is far larger than that of the upper end, and when the flow rate of water is constant, the larger the sectional area is, the slower the flow speed is, so that the moving speed of sediment can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, after the sediment enters the inclined channel 56, the seawater generates inclined downward thrust on the sediment, so that the sediment can be promoted to move downwards to form sedimentation.
In this embodiment, the collection head 1 communicates with the cleaning section 2 via a bellows 6. By arranging the telescopic tube 6, the collecting head 1 can move up and down when the cleaning part 2 is in a fixed state, thereby being beneficial to capturing tuberculosis with different depths. In particular, the telescopic tube 6 may be provided in the form of a sleeve.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low diffusion deep sea polymetallic nodule gathers preprocessing device which characterized in that: the device comprises a collecting head (1), a cleaning part (2) and a shunt tube (3) which are sequentially connected from front to back, wherein the output end of the shunt tube (3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a storage bin (4) for collecting tuberculosis, and the other path is connected with a sedimentation mechanism (5) for discharging sediment; the output end of the sedimentation mechanism (5) is close to the sea bottom; the cleaning part (2) comprises a jet cylinder (21); a plurality of jet nozzles (22) are arranged in the jet cylinder (21), and the jet nozzles (22) spray water columns towards the tuberculosis; the jet nozzle (22) is obliquely arranged, and water columns are sprayed out along the oblique rear direction; the cleaning part (2) further comprises a separating mechanism (23) connected in series behind the jet cylinder (21); the separation mechanism (23) comprises a plurality of spiral pipelines (231) connected with the shunt tubes (3).
2. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral pipeline (231) is internally provided with a plurality of jet nozzles (22).
3. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the jet cylinder (21) or/and the inner wall of the separating mechanism (23) is/are provided with a wear-resistant layer (24).
4. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the shunt tube (3) comprises a first branch tube (31) and a second branch tube (32) which are arranged in a herringbone manner, the output end of the first branch tube (31) is communicated with the storage bin (4), and the output end of the second branch tube (32) is communicated with the sedimentation mechanism (5); the port of the second branch pipe (32) connected with the first branch pipe (31) is provided with a screen (33) for blocking the passage of tuberculosis.
5. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the storage bin (4) is net-shaped, and a plurality of first guide plates (41) inclining downwards are arranged on the outer surface of the storage bin at intervals.
6. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation mechanism (5) comprises a spiral sedimentation bin (51) communicated with the shunt pipe (3), the bottom end of the sedimentation bin (51) is connected with a first diffuser (52), the top end of the sedimentation bin is connected with a second diffuser (53), and the output end of the first diffuser (52) and a discharge outlet (54) of the second diffuser (53) are both close to the sea floor.
7. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device of claim 6, wherein: the discharge port (54) is horn-shaped, and is provided with a plurality of inclined second guide plates (55), and inclined channels (56) for discharging sediment are formed between adjacent second guide plates (55).
8. The low-diffusion deep-sea polymetallic nodule collecting and preprocessing device according to claim 1, wherein: the collecting head (1) is communicated with the cleaning part (2) through a telescopic pipe (6).
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