CN113356853A

CN113356853A - Underwater diffusion device and mining vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN113356853A
Application number: CN202110699019.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈向东; 唐新孝; 李建勋; 刘少军; 冉志煌; 王中念; 阳建军; 斯蒂芬·斯坦尼斯拉夫·卡普斯尼亚克; 尼古拉斯·威廉·雷德利
Original assignee: Jinao Deep Sea Equipment Technology Shenzhen Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinao Deep Sea Equipment Technology Shenzhen Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-23
Filing date: 2021-06-23
Publication date: 2021-09-07

Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater diffusion device and a mining vehicle, which comprise a shell, wherein a diffusion channel is arranged in the shell, the diffusion channel is used for discharging sediments, and the section area of the diffusion channel along the direction of discharging the sediments is gradually increased; the shell is movably provided with a swing adjusting assembly, an adjusting channel is arranged in the swing adjusting assembly, and the adjusting channel is communicated with the output end of the diffusion channel. From this, solved current deposit and directly pumped out, lead to by the discharged deposit velocity of flow great, increased the turbidity in the surrounding water body to lead to mining vehicle's operation visibility to be lower, be unfavorable for the problem to mining vehicle's operation.

Description

Underwater diffusion device and mining vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater mining, in particular to an underwater diffusion device and a mining vehicle.

Background

Abundant mineral resources are stored in the ocean bottom, and as scientific and technological progress and easily-mined mineral resources on land gradually decrease, undersea mining increasingly draws attention.

When existing seafloor mining excavation machines are used for seafloor mining operations, the mining excavation machines advance to separate the collected ore from the receiving sediment (mainly clay/silt/sand particles), and the separated ore is collected on a mine ship. While discharging the unwanted deposit and discharging a loose, uncompacted or low-compacted deposit. The existing mining vehicle directly pumps out the sediments, so that the flow rate of the discharged sediments is large, the discharged sediments are difficult to rapidly settle, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is increased, so that the operation visibility of the mining vehicle is low, and the operation of the mining vehicle is not facilitated.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide an underwater diffusion device and a mining vehicle, which aim to solve the problems that the prior sediments are directly pumped out, the discharged sediments are difficult to rapidly settle due to large flow velocity, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is increased, so that the operation visibility of the mining vehicle is low, and the operation of the mining vehicle is not facilitated.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the underwater diffusion device comprises a shell, wherein a diffusion channel is arranged in the shell and used for discharging sediments, and the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel along the direction of discharging the sediments is gradually increased;

the shell is movably provided with a swing adjusting assembly, an adjusting channel is arranged in the swing adjusting assembly, and the adjusting channel is communicated with the output end of the diffusion channel.

Optionally, the housing comprises:

the device comprises an input part, a conveying part and a control part, wherein a feeding cavity is arranged in the input part, and an input pipeline which is used for conveying sediments is connected in the feeding cavity; and

the buffer part is connected with the input part, and the diffusion channel is positioned in the buffer part and communicated with the feeding cavity;

the cross-sectional area of the feed cavity in the sediment discharge direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel in the sediment discharge direction.

Optionally, the input pipeline is provided in plurality, and the input pipelines are respectively located at two opposite sides of the input part.

Optionally, the casing further includes a discharge portion, the discharge portion is connected to an output end of the buffer portion, the swing adjusting assembly is movably disposed on the discharge portion, a discharge passage is disposed in the discharge portion, and the discharge passage is respectively communicated with the diffusion passage and the adjusting passage;

the discharge channel is arranged along the vertical direction, and the diffusion channel is arranged along the vertical direction or inclined to the vertical direction.

Optionally, the buffer part comprises a front baffle, a rear baffle and side baffles connecting the left side and the right side of the front baffle and the rear baffle;

the front baffle and the rear baffle are arranged in parallel, and the side baffles on the left side and the right side extend back to each other along the sediment discharge direction.

Optionally, the swing adjustment assembly comprises: the rotating shaft is arranged on the shell along the left-right direction;

the swing arm bracket is connected to the rotating shaft;

the flexible wrapping layer is arranged on the side face of the swing arm support, and the adjusting channel is formed in the flexible wrapping layer.

Optionally, the rotating shaft includes a front rotating shaft and a rear rotating shaft, and the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft are respectively disposed on the discharging portion along a front-rear direction;

the swing arm support includes:

the front swing arms are arranged on the front rotating shaft side by side along the left-right direction;

the plurality of rear swing arms are arranged on the front rotating shaft side by side along the left-right direction; and

and the connecting bottom plate is hinged on the adjacent front swing arm and the adjacent rear swing arm.

Optionally, the underwater diffusion device further comprises:

the connecting piece, the connecting piece fixed connection is in on the casing.

Based on the same conception, the scheme also provides a mining vehicle which comprises a mining vehicle body and the underwater diffusion device, wherein the underwater diffusion device is detachably connected to the mining vehicle body.

Has the advantages that: according to the underwater diffusion device and the mining vehicle, the diffusion channel is arranged in the shell, the shell is connected with the pipeline for pumping out the sediments, so that the sediments can be conveyed into the diffusion channel, the flow direction of the sediments is guided through the diffusion channel, and the sediments flow along the diffusion channel, so that the discharge direction of the sediments is formed. The sediment is covered by the shell, so that the sediment is prevented from diffusing in the water, and the diffusion channel is designed into a structure form that the cross section area along the sediment discharging direction is gradually increased, so that the speed of the water flow with the sediment is reduced, the speed of all particles is reduced, and the sediment is rapidly precipitated. The decelerated and diverted sediment water flow is discharged again, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body caused by the discharge can be reduced, so that the problem that the operation of the mining vehicle is not facilitated due to low operation visibility of the mining vehicle is solved. After the dispersed and decelerated sediment reaches the output end of the diffusion channel, the constant height and the constant gap are kept between the discharge outlet at the bottom of the adjustment channel and the sea floor through the position adjustment of the swing adjustment assembly under the conditions of different seabed shapes and mining vehicle sinking depths so as to keep the stable discharge of fluid, facilitate the rapid sedimentation after sediment discharge and reduce the turbidity in the water body around the mining vehicle. In addition, the sediment after being decelerated can be discharged to different heights through the adjusting channel, so that the sediment is piled up from the bottom of the sea step by step instead of being discharged at a fixed height with a certain distance from the bottom of the sea, the distance from the outlet of the adjusting channel to the bottom of the sea is reduced as much as possible by swinging the adjusting component, the sediment is prevented from being exposed from a gap between the distance and drifting, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is further prevented from being increased. And the outlet of the regulating channel is reduced by swinging the regulating component, so that the potential influence of a floating plume generated by the fluid with high-flow-rate sediment on the seabed environment is avoided. The living environment of natural species, particularly the living miniature animals in the cave, can not be damaged. The adjustment of the outlet by the swinging adjusting assembly for the floating sundries avoids the phenomenon that the floating sundries can enter the mining vehicle of the following mining operation again, the collected deposits do not need to be processed again, the processing workload cannot be increased, and the mining efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the underwater diffusion device of the present invention in one state;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the underwater diffusion device of the present invention in another state;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view from another perspective of an embodiment of the underwater diffusion device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a diagram of a path in an application of an embodiment of the mining vehicle according to the invention.

Description of reference numerals: 100. a mining vessel; 110. a mine car body; 200. a housing; 210. an input section; 211. a feed cavity; 220. a buffer section; 221. a diffusion channel; 222. a front baffle; 223. a tailgate; 224. a side baffle; 230. a discharge unit; 231. a discharge passage; 300. an input pipe; 400. a swing adjustment assembly; 410. adjusting the channel; 420. a rotating shaft; 421. a front rotating shaft; 422. a rear rotating shaft; 430. a swing arm bracket; 431. a front swing arm; 432. a rear swing arm; 433. connecting the bottom plate; 440. a flexible wrapping layer; 500. a connecting member; 510. a support frame; 520. and a through hole.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

When existing seafloor mining excavation machines are used to perform seafloor mining operations, it is common for the mining excavation machine to advance to mine while collecting the ore and sediment (primarily clay/silt/sand particles) and separating the collected ore from the received sediment, with the separated ore being collected on a mine vessel and the unwanted sediment being removed. While discharging loose, uncompacted or low-compacted sediment. The existing mining vehicle directly pumps out sediments on the seabed, and discharges the sediments on the seabed, so that unnecessary silt in an ore mixture is reduced as much as possible, the silt does not need to be pumped to the sea surface for treatment, the workload of silt separation and treatment on the sea surface is reduced as much as possible, more ore flows are pumped in a limited capacity, the mining efficiency is improved, and the total electric power is saved. However, the directly pumped out sediment causes a higher flow rate of the discharged sediment and increases the turbidity in the surrounding water body, which leads to a lower visibility of the operation of the mining vehicle and is not beneficial for the operation of the mining vehicle. And the fluid of sediment with high flow velocity can generate floating plumes which can have potential influence on the environment of the sea bottom. Such as destroying the living environment of natural species, particularly the inhabited miniature animals. And the floating debris may re-enter the mining vehicle of a subsequent nearby mining operation, which in turn requires re-disposal of the re-collected sediment, increasing the amount of disposal.

In view of the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the present embodiment provides an underwater diffusion device, which is applied to a mining vehicle, and for convenience of structural description, the advancing and retreating direction of the mining vehicle is taken as a front-rear direction, the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction in a horizontal plane is taken as a left-right direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is taken as a vertical direction, and the mining vehicle is arranged in the vertical direction and moves in the front-rear direction for mining. An underwater diffusion device of the present embodiment comprises a housing 200, a diffusion channel 221 is arranged in the housing 200, an input pipeline 300 of a sediment separation device on a mining vehicle is connected to the housing 200, sediment collected during mining is pumped out of the input pipeline 300, the sediment is mainly waste such as clay/silt/sand particles, the sediment is pumped out of the input pipeline 300 to the diffusion channel 221 in the housing 200, the diffusion channel 221 is used for sediment discharge, the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel 221 along the sediment discharge direction is gradually increased, and the sediment discharge direction is inclined downwards or vertical downwards due to the fact that the sediment is discharged to the surface of a sea bed as far as possible. The shell 200 is movably provided with a swing adjusting assembly 400, the swing adjusting assembly 400 is located below the shell 200, an adjusting channel 410 is arranged in the swing adjusting assembly 400, and the adjusting channel 410 is communicated with the output end of the diffusion channel 221.

Through the scheme, the underwater diffusion device is provided with the diffusion channel 221 in the shell 200, the shell 200 is connected with a pipeline for pumping out sediments, so that the sediments can be sent into the diffusion channel 221, the flow direction of the sediments is guided through the diffusion channel 221, and the sediments flow along the diffusion channel 221, so that the discharge direction of the sediments is formed. The sediment is covered by the shell, so that the sediment is prevented from being diffused at the bottom of the water, the diffusion channel 221 is designed into a structure form that the section area along the sediment discharging direction is gradually increased, the speed of the water flow with the sediment is reduced, the speed of all particles is reduced, the sediment is rapidly precipitated, the sediment water flow after being decelerated and shunted is discharged again, a large amount of seabed impurities cannot be excited, the turbidity in the surrounding water body is increased, and the problem that the mining vehicle is not favorable for operation due to low operation visibility is solved. After the dispersed and decelerated sediments along the sea reach the output end of the diffusion channel 221, the position of the swinging adjusting assembly 400 is adjusted, so that the decelerated sediments along the sea can be discharged to different heights through the adjusting channel 410, the sediments are stacked up step by step from the sea bottom instead of being discharged at a fixed height with a certain distance from the sea bottom surface, the distance from the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 to the sea bottom surface is reduced as much as possible through the swinging adjusting assembly 400, the sediments are prevented from being exposed out of a gap and flying away from the gap, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is further prevented from being increased. In addition, the position of the swing adjusting assembly 400 is adjusted, so that the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 can be adapted to different height areas of the seabed, and the adjusting channel has stronger applicability. Furthermore, by oscillating the tuning assembly 400 to lower the outlet of the tuning passage 410, the floating plume created by the high velocity fluid of sediment is prevented from potentially affecting the subsea environment. The living environment of natural species, particularly the living miniature animals in the cave, can not be damaged. The adjustment of the outlet by the swinging adjusting assembly 400 of the floating sundries avoids the floating sundries from reentering the mining vehicle of the following nearby mining operation without retreating the collected sediments, the processing workload is not increased, and the mining efficiency is improved.

On the basis of the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, the specific structure of the present embodiment is: the housing 200 includes an input portion 210, and a buffer portion 220. The input part 210 is located above the buffer part 220, a feeding cavity 211 is arranged in the input part 210, and an input pipeline 300 for conveying sediment is connected in the feeding cavity 211. The buffer part 220 is connected to the input part 210, and the diffusion channel 221 is located in the buffer part 220 and communicates with the feeding cavity 211. The housing 200 is assembled from a plurality of baffles that enclose various passages. The input part 210 is located at the upper part of the shell 200, the buffer part 220 is located at the middle part of the shell 200, the input pipeline 300 is connected to the input part 210, and water in the input pipeline 300 enters the input part 210 and then flows into the buffer part 220 through the input part 210, so that sediment water flows in the shell 200 from top to bottom. The cross-sectional area of the feed cavity in the sediment discharge direction is smaller than that of the diffusion channel in the sediment discharge direction, that is, the cross-sectional area of the feed cavity 211 in the input part 210 in the up-down direction is smaller than that of the diffusion channel 221 in the buffer part 220 in the up-down direction. When the sediment water flow in the input pipeline 300 enters the feeding cavity 211, the sediment water flow is buffered once through the inner wall of the feeding cavity 211, and then enters the diffusion channel 221 with larger space. In this way the cross-sectional area of the passage in the housing in the direction of the discharge of the sediment is gradually increased, so that the flow speed of the liquid is gradually reduced. After entering the diffusion channel 211, the diffusion channel gradually increasing in the flow direction can eliminate the vortex/turbulence in the liquid entering the channel at high speed as soon as possible, thereby reducing the movement speed and energy of the deposit in the fluid. Thereby further dispersing the sediment water flow and slowing down the sediment water flow in the dispersion channel 221 to facilitate the discharge of sediment at a slow rate to the seabed. A portion of the larger particle sediment will settle on the sea floor below the diffuser and the smaller particle sediment will be discharged with the fluid. The movement speed and energy of the sediment are greatly reduced after passing through the diffusion device, and the sediment can be rapidly settled after being discharged, so that the turbidity in the water body around the mining vehicle is reduced, and the operation visibility of the mining vehicle is prevented from being influenced.

The input pipes 300 in this embodiment are provided in plural, and the plural input pipes 300 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the input portion 210. The two inlet pipes 300 are disposed opposite to each other, and when sediment discharge is performed simultaneously, the two sediment water flows located in the inlet cavity 211 form opposite impacts, which can mutually offset the impact force of each other, so that the opposite sediment water flows are diffused toward the diffusion channel 221 under the action of gravity. The input pipe 300 is connected to the left and right sides of the input part 210 in this embodiment, so that the left and right sides are simultaneously discharged, the discharge efficiency is improved, the direction of water flow can be changed by the opposite impact, the water flow is diffused up and down, the upper side is sealed by the input part 210, and the diffusion of the water flow to the lower buffer part 220 is promoted.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the housing 200 in this embodiment further includes a discharge portion 230, the discharge portion 230 is connected to an output end of the buffer portion 220, specifically, the discharge portion 230 is connected below the buffer portion 220, the swing adjustment assembly 400 is movably disposed on the discharge portion 230, the swing adjustment assembly 400 is disposed below the discharge portion 230, a discharge passage 231 is disposed in the discharge portion 230, and the discharge passage 231 communicates with the diffusion passage 221 and the adjustment passage 410, respectively. By swinging the adjustment assembly 400, the adjustment channel 410 can be swung under the discharge passage, and under the adjustment channel 410 is an opening, which is an outlet for the flow of sediment water. The discharge channel 231 is disposed in a vertical direction, and the diffusion channel 221 is disposed obliquely to the vertical direction. The above description about the directions of the discharge channel 231 and the diffusion channel 221 is made with reference to a vertical section on which the diffusion channel 221 is obliquely disposed and the discharge channel is disposed in the vertical direction, on which the center line in the width direction of the housing 200 is located. The diffusion channel 221 is inclined to the vertical direction, so that the downward flowing sediment water flow is blocked by the inner wall of the diffusion channel 221, the sediment water flow is guided, the sediment water flow can slowly move downwards along the inclined direction, the sediment in the sediment water flow is decelerated, the impact energy of the sediment water flow is further slowed down, the sediment water flow is guided by the diffusion channel 221, when entering the discharge channel 231 in the vertical direction, the sediment water flow is blocked by the inner wall of the discharge channel 231, the inclined sediment water flow is guided downwards, the sediment water flow is reversed once, and the process of resisting and reversing the sediment water flow further reduces the impact energy of the sediment water flow.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the buffer part 220 of the present embodiment has a specific structure that the buffer part 220 specifically includes a front baffle 222 and a rear baffle 223, and side baffles 224 connecting left and right sides of the front baffle 222 and the rear baffle 223. The front and rear ends of the side guards 224 on the left and right sides are welded to the front guard 222 and the rear guard 223, respectively, and a guard is provided at the upper end of the buffer part 220 to weld the upper end to the input part 210. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the front barrier 222 and the rear barrier 223 are disposed in parallel, and the side barriers 224 on the left and right sides extend away from each other in the deposit discharge direction. Thus, the outer contour of the buffer part 220 is a trapezoid, and the inner wall contour of the diffusion channel 221 is also a trapezoid. So that the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel 221 in the deposit discharge direction gradually increases. It is easy to think that the front baffle 222 and the rear baffle 223 can be arranged in a non-parallel manner, and the design that the space of the diffusion channel 221 is gradually increased can be applied to the present solution. The space of the diffusion channel 221 is gradually enlarged along the discharge direction (oblique up and down direction) of the sediment, and when the water flow along the sediment flows in the gradually enlarged diffusion space, the water flow can be respectively diffused towards the left side and the right side, so that the sediment can be prevented from being too concentrated and solidified together, and the dispersed sediment is closer to the natural unconsolidated state when being discharged, and the situation that the water flow is re-laid on the seabed and the natural species, particularly the miniature animals living in the cave, can be promoted. And particularly the front and

rear dams

222 and 223, which dam up the sediment water flow having a large impact force just before entering the diffuser, so that the water flow can enter the corners (dam joints) of the side dams 224 on the left and right sides, and the dams are stopped up in all directions at the positions, thus inducing a vortex in the diffuser passage 221 to decelerate, and thus reducing and dispersing the sediment water flow.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the swing adjustment assembly 400 in this embodiment includes: a rotating shaft 420, a swing arm bracket 430, and a flexible wrapping layer 440. The pivot 420 sets up along left right direction on the casing 200, specifically do the pivot 420 passes through the bearing frame to be connected on the casing 200, swing arm support 430 is connected on the pivot 420, through the rotation of pivot 420, can drive swing arm support 430's rotation, flexible parcel layer 440 sets up on swing arm support 430's the side, form in the flexible parcel layer 440 regulation passageway 410. The lower portion of the swing arm support 430 is not covered by the flexible wrapping 440, thus leaving the conditioning channel 410 with an outlet for sediment discharge below. In addition, the underwater diffusion device is further provided with a power driving part, such as a motor, or a hydraulic pushing connecting rod, etc., and by controlling the power driving part, a rotating force is applied to the rotating shaft 420 to drive the rotating shaft 420 to rotate by an angle, and the rotating shaft 420 drives the swing arm support 430 to rotate by an angle, so that the outlet position of the whole adjusting channel 410 is changed, and the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 can be increased or decreased. By increasing or decreasing the outlet of the conditioning channel 410, the following benefits are achieved. The first is that: when mining is performed in a place where ore is concentrated, the dwell time of the mining vehicle at the place is long, and the deposit is higher the more during normal discharge of the deposit, and if the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 is initially fixed, the distance of the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 above the sea floor is controlled to be small, resulting in the deposit accumulating in the underwater diffusion device, which is inconvenient for discharge of the deposit. To avoid this, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the outlet of the channel 410 and the height of the sea floor so that a large gap is formed, from which the sediment emerges and drifts away, causing an increase in the turbidity of the surrounding body of water. This reduces the effectiveness of the underwater diffusion device. When the movable adjustment of the outlet of the adjustment channel 410 is realized by rotating the swing arm support 430, the outlet of the adjustment channel 410 can be put down first, so that the gap between the outlet of the adjustment channel 410 and the sea floor is small, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is not increased when sediment is discharged. After the sediment is paved to a certain height, the swing arm bracket 430 is swung, so that the distance from the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 to the original sea bottom surface is increased, the distance from the surface after the sediment is paved is still unchanged, the gap is still small, and the sediment is continuously discharged from the next layer. Thus, by gradually increasing the distance between the outlet of the conditioning channel 410 and the sea floor, a better control of the turbidity in the surrounding water body is achieved. Secondly, the following steps: the discharge height can be adjusted according to different terrains of the sea bottom. Through rotation adjustment, under the condition of different seabed shapes and mining vehicle sinking depths, a constant height and a constant gap are kept between a discharge port at the bottom of the adjusting channel 410 and the sea floor to keep stable discharge of fluid, so that rapid sedimentation after sediment discharge is facilitated, and turbidity in water around the mining vehicle is reduced. This results in minimal ecological disruption while achieving optimal mining efficiency.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a specific structure of the swing adjustment assembly 400, the rotating shaft 420 includes a front rotating shaft 421 and a rear rotating shaft 422, and the front rotating shaft 421 and the rear rotating shaft 422 are respectively disposed on the discharge portion 230 along the front-rear direction. The swing arm support 430 is more stably connected by the arrangement of the front rotating shaft 421 and the rear rotating shaft 422. The swing arm bracket 430 includes: a plurality of front swing arms 431, a plurality of rear swing arms 432, and a connecting base 433. The plurality of front swing arms 431 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction on the front rotating shaft 421, and the plurality of rear swing arms 432 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction on the front rotating shaft 421. The underwater diffusion device has a certain length in the left-right direction, the flexible wrapping layer 440 can be effectively supported by arranging the front swing arms 431 and the rear swing arms 432, so that the flexible wrapping layer 440 can be stably connected to the swing arm support 430, the flexible wrapping layer 440 is prevented from being separated or broken, the adjusting channel 410 is prevented from generating a leakage hole, the sediment is leaked from the leakage hole, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body becomes turbid. The connecting bottom plate 433 is hinged to the adjacent front swing arm 431 and the adjacent rear swing arm 432. The opening of the diffusion channel 221 is limited at the bottom end through the connecting bottom plate 433, and when the height is adjusted, the opening surface of the opening of the diffusion channel 221 can be kept horizontal, so that deposits fall down and are accumulated.

As shown in fig. 1, the underwater diffusion device in this embodiment further comprises a connector 500, the connector 500 is fixedly connected to the housing 200, and the connector 500 is used for mounting the housing 200 on the mining vehicle body. In a specific structure, the connecting member 500 includes a supporting frame 510, the supporting frame 510 is welded to the casing 200, a plurality of through holes 520 are opened on the supporting frame 510, and the casing 200 is fixed on the mining vehicle by passing screws through the through holes 520.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the inlet pipes 300 on both sides have a small total cross-sectional area, and the flow of sediment water is fed into the inlet chamber 211 at a relatively high velocity, which is about 5 m/s when introduced from the inlet pipes 300. The blocking and buffer guiding by the inner walls of the feed chamber 211, the diffusion channel 221, and the discharge channel 231, which slows down the velocity of the particles, and the cross-sectional areas of the feed chamber 211, the diffusion channel 221, and the discharge channel 231 are gradually increased, and the velocity of all the particles is slowed down by the mass flow conservation principle by the gradually increased cross-sectional area to the output thereof. And the adjusting channel 410 as an output end can be movably arranged to match the mining track behind the mining vehicle. The velocity of the material is already slow enough to promote sedimentation as the stream of sediment water exits from the lower end opening of conditioning channel 410, the average flow velocity upon discharge from the lower end opening of conditioning channel 410 is 0.06 m/s, and the sediment is deposited on the sea floor. The input flow and the volume expansion multiplier incorporated into the design can be varied to accommodate operating requirements and in-situ characteristics of the deposit, for example, by adjusting for deposit particle size.

Based on the same concept, the invention also provides a mining vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body 110 and the underwater diffusion device, wherein the underwater diffusion device is detachably connected to the vehicle body. In particular, the underwater diffusion device is located behind the mine car body 110.

The path of travel of a mining vehicle mining perpendicular to the direction of travel of the mining vessel 100 is shown in fig. 4, with a serpentine path of mining motion. Mining is realized while the seabed is recovered through the underwater diffusion device.

In summary, in the underwater diffusion device and the mining vehicle, the diffusion channel 221 is arranged in the casing 200, the casing 200 is connected with a pipeline for pumping out the sediment, so that the sediment can be sent into the diffusion channel 221, the flow direction of the sediment is guided through the diffusion channel 221, and the sediment flows along the diffusion channel 221, so that the discharge direction of the sediment is formed. The sediment is covered by the housing so as to prevent the sediment from being diffused at the bottom of the water, and the diffusion channel 221 is designed in a structure form that the sectional area along the discharge direction of the sediment is gradually increased to slow down the speed of the water flow with the sediment, so that the speed of all particles is reduced, and the sediment is rapidly precipitated. The sediment water flow after deceleration and diversion is discharged again, so that a large amount of seabed impurities can not be stirred to increase the turbidity in the surrounding water body, and the problem that the mining vehicle is not favorable for operation due to low operation visibility is solved. After the dispersed and decelerated sediment reaches the output end of the diffusion channel 221, the position of the swing adjusting assembly 400 is adjusted, so that under the condition of different seabed shapes and mining vehicle sinking depths, the constant height and gap are kept between the discharge outlet at the bottom of the adjusting channel 410 and the seabed surface, the stable discharge of fluid is kept, the quick sedimentation after sediment discharge is facilitated, and the turbidity in the water body around the mining vehicle is reduced. The sediment after being decelerated can be discharged to different heights through the adjusting channel 410, so that the sediment is arranged on the seabed and stacked up step by step instead of being discharged at a fixed height with a certain distance from the seabed surface, the distance from the outlet of the adjusting channel 410 to the seabed surface is reduced as much as possible by swinging the adjusting component 400, the sediment is prevented from being exposed from a gap between the distance and floating, and the turbidity in the surrounding water body is further prevented from being increased. Furthermore, by oscillating the tuning assembly 400 to lower the outlet of the tuning passage 410, the floating plume created by the high velocity fluid of sediment is prevented from potentially affecting the subsea environment. The living environment of natural species, particularly the living miniature animals in the cave, can not be damaged. The adjustment of the outlet by the swinging adjusting assembly 400 of the floating sundries avoids the floating sundries from reentering the mining vehicle of the following nearby mining operation without retreating the collected sediments, the processing workload is not increased, and the mining efficiency is improved.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The underwater diffusion device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein a diffusion channel is arranged in the shell and used for discharging sediments, and the cross section area of the diffusion channel along the direction of discharging the sediments is gradually increased;

2. The underwater diffusion device of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises:

3. The underwater diffusion device of claim 2 wherein the input conduit is provided in plurality, the plurality of input conduits being located on opposite sides of the input portion.

4. The underwater diffusion device of claim 2, wherein the housing further comprises a discharge portion connected to an output end of the buffer portion, the swing adjustment assembly is movably disposed on the discharge portion, a discharge passage is disposed in the discharge portion, and the discharge passage communicates with the diffusion passage and the adjustment passage, respectively;

5. The underwater diffusion device of claim 2, wherein the buffering portion includes a front baffle and a rear baffle, and side baffles connecting left and right sides of the front baffle and the rear baffle;

6. The underwater diffusion device of claim 4, wherein the wobble adjustment assembly comprises: the rotating shaft is arranged on the shell along the left-right direction;

the swing arm bracket is connected to the rotating shaft;

7. The underwater diffusion device of claim 6, wherein the rotation shaft includes a front rotation shaft and a rear rotation shaft, the front rotation shaft and the rear rotation shaft being respectively provided on the discharge portion in a front-rear direction;

the swing arm support includes:

8. The underwater diffusion device of claim 1, further comprising:

9. A mining vehicle comprising a vehicle body, and an underwater diffusion device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the underwater diffusion device being removably attached to the vehicle body.